JP2836742B2 - Cutter disk for excavator and excavator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a cutter disk for an excavator and an excavator. More specifically, a cutter disc and a cutter disc capable of effectively preventing the accumulation of excavated earth and sand (hereinafter, also referred to as “sludge”) in the cutter disc, effectively scraping up the slip, and leading the same to the earth and sand discharging mechanism, are preferable. The present invention relates to a rock drilling tunnel excavator and a shield excavator for excavating a soft layer (hereinafter, both are referred to as an excavator).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the construction of tunnels, common trenches, and the like has often been carried out by a shield method. In such cases, the excavation efficiency may decrease, or in extreme cases, the excavation may not be possible.

On the other hand, in order to realize higher speed excavation in a conventional tunnel excavator, it is necessary to improve not only the excavation speed but also the operation rate of excavation and incidental work significantly. By improving this operation rate not only for a good ground but also for a bad ground, high-speed excavation over the entire excavation section becomes possible.

[0004] However, the conventional tunnel excavator has an obstacle to the large improvement of the operation rate.

FIG. 4 shows a conventional tunnel excavator (hereinafter, referred to as an excavator) 51. The cutter disk 5 involved in excavation due to an increase in excavation speed.
In order to increase the propulsive force (thrust) of No. 2 and to provide a cutter disk structure that can withstand this propulsive force, a plate-shaped frame 53 is provided on the cutter disk 52. Each of the frames 53 has a two-sheet structure, and a holder 54a for the roller cutter 54 is sandwiched therebetween. The plate-shaped frame 53 extends rearward and is fixed to a separator 55 at the rear end of the cutter disk 52. The separator 55 is connected to a transmission ring 56 for rotating the cutter disk 52. The transmission ring 56 is rotated by a rotary drive 57 in the machine body 51a.

The extended frame 53 forms a shearing plate 58. The scraping plate 58 is configured to scrape and drop the scraps excavated by the roller cutter 54 and taken into the cutter chamber 59 with the rotation of the cutter disk 52, thereby causing a sediment discharging mechanism including various conveyors. Is to be sent efficiently. What is indicated by a two-dot chain line in front of the cutter disk 52 is the face of the ground.

When excavating a soft ground with the excavator 51, the excavated waste taken into the cutter chamber 59 is at the far end of the scraping plate 58, that is, the separating plate 55.
The outer ring 60 and the scraping plate 58 adhere to and accumulate in a space defined as a dead end. as a result,
The amount of the shear passing through the gap of the cutter disk 52 decreases, and the scraping efficiency of the scraper by the scraping plate decreases, and it becomes difficult to efficiently feed the shear to the earth and sand discharge mechanism constituted by various conveyors. . As described above, since the frame 53 has a two-piece structure for sandwiching the roller cutter holder 54a, debris is particularly likely to be accumulated therebetween.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is arranged substantially radially on the cutter chamber side of a cutter disk and along the inner peripheral surface of the cutter chamber. An opening is formed at the outer peripheral end at the end on the main body side of the earth and sand scraping plate extending rearward and backward to communicate the left and right sides of the earth and sand scraping plate.

By doing so, a through hole for slips is formed in a so-called dead end path where the slips are likely to adhere and accumulate, so that the adhesion and accumulation of the slips can be prevented.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A cutter disk according to the present invention has a substantially cylindrical shape with a bottom provided on a front surface of a body of an excavator, and a soil scraping plate is substantially provided on a cutter chamber side thereof. An opening is provided radially and extends rearward along the inner peripheral surface of the cutter chamber, and an opening communicating with the left and right sides of the earth and sand scraping plate is provided at an outer peripheral end at an end on the main body side of the earth and sand scraping plate. It is characterized by being formed.

Therefore, when the debris deposited on the bottom in the cutter chamber is lifted up and moved upward, since the opening is present, even if the debris is soft, the earth and sand scraping plate and the cutter are removed. It does not easily adhere to the space defined by the inner wall of the chamber. As a result, a decrease in excavation efficiency is prevented.

In some excavators, a plate-like frame for holding the cutter is disposed substantially radially on the cutter disk. In such a case, the frame is moved along the inner peripheral surface of the cutter chamber. It can be extended rearward, and the earth and sand scraping plate can be formed from the extended portion. By doing so, it is not necessary to form the earth and sand scraping plate as a separate member, so that the production becomes easy and the rigidity of the earth and sand scraping plate is improved, which is also preferable.

In the above-mentioned cutter disc, a closing plate for appropriately closing the opening is detachably mounted on the earth and sand scraping plate. In the case where it is difficult to adhere, by attaching the closing plate to the earth and sand scraping plate and closing the opening, the scraps accumulated on the bottom in the cutter chamber can be effectively scraped up and the conveyor and the like can be removed. This is preferable because the original action of the earth and sand scraping plate to be dropped onto the earth and sand discharge mechanism can be sufficiently exhibited.

A substantially cylindrical connection for connecting a rotary drive unit and a cutter disk disposed in the excavator body to the excavator center side of the opening in the earth and sand scraping plate. In the case where the member is provided, it is preferable in that the rigidity of the connection portion with the rotation drive unit can be maintained. In other words, the formation of the opening reduces the connection portion of the earth and sand scraping plate with the rotation drive unit, but the cylindrical shape improves the rigidity, so that the connection portion has sufficient thrust resistance during rotation of the cutter disk. Performance and rotation torque resistance are ensured.

The expression "substantially cylindrical" includes a cylinder, an elliptic cylinder, a polygonal cylinder, and the like, and also includes a bottomed cylinder and a cylinder having a reinforcing portion formed inside or outside.

The connecting member is so shaped as to have a trapezoidal cross section of a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the excavator with a reduced width on the central side of the excavator. It is preferable that a path (for example, indicated by an arrow R in FIG. 3) in which the waste falls is not reduced in width and the waste is smoothly guided onto the conveyor 2.

An excavator according to the present invention includes any one of the cutter disks described above, and an isolating plate for closing the space is disposed at a rear end of a space between the earth and sand scraping plates. The separator is characterized in that the excavator has a partially conical shape in which the center side of the excavator is retreated backward.

Accordingly, even if the debris scraped upward by the earth and sand scraping plate attempts to adhere to the separating plate which is inclined downward at that position, its own weight effectively acts, and it is easy to drop. Here, the excavator includes not only a tunnel excavator for rock excavation equipped with a roller cutter but also an excavator for excavating ordinary ground equipped with a cutter bit.

The machine according to the present invention is provided with one of the cutter disks described above, and the rear end of the space between the earth and sand scraping plates is defined by a front portion of the machine body. The excavator body is characterized in that the front portion has a partial conical shape in which the center of the excavator retreats backward. That is, the above-mentioned separator is not provided at the rear end of the space between the earth and sand scraping plates. Therefore, the rear end of the space of the cutter chamber becomes the front portion of the body of the excavator, and the cutter disk At the time of rotation, the earth and sand scraping plate and the back end move relative to each other, and in combination with the fact that the front part of the excavator body is inclined downward, soft shear adheres to the back end of the space. The deposition is more effectively prevented;

[0020]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cutter disc and an excavator according to the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a cutter disk which is a main part of an excavator according to the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) is a front view thereof, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing the inside of the cutter disk of FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG.

The rock tunnel excavator shown in FIG.
In the excavator 1, reference numeral 2 denotes a conveyor for carrying the waste backward, and in this embodiment, a screw conveyor is employed. Reference numeral 3 denotes a cutter disk, which has a large number of roller cutters 4 for rock excavation. 5
Is a bulkhead, which separates the cutter chamber 6 defined between the cutter disk 3 and the inside of the body 1a of the excavator. 7 connects a rotary drive (not shown) disposed inside the main body 1a and the cutter disc 3,
An annular transmission ring for transmitting the rotational force to the cutter disk 3. In FIG. 1 (a), what is indicated by a two-dot chain line outside the outer periphery of the excavator 1 is an excavated surface of the ground.
In FIG. 3B, the front face of the cutter disk 3 is indicated by a two-dot chain line is the face of the ground.

The earth and sand excavated by the roller cutter 4 enters the cutter chamber 6 through the gap S formed in the cutter disk 3, and is conveyed backward by the conveyor 2. Reference numeral 8 denotes a plate-like frame radially arranged on the cutter disk 3, which holds the holder 9 for the roller cutter 4 with two sheets. This frame 8
1B, extends rearward along the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral ring 3a of the cutter disk 3, and reaches the front surface of the excavator body 1a, as shown in FIG.

The rear portion 8a of the frame 8 forms a scraping plate. The scraping plate 8a has a function of scraping the debris that enters the cutter chamber 5 and accumulates on the bottom at the bottom with the rotation of the cutter disk 3 and drops it onto the conveyor 2. The scraping plate 8a is formed with a cutout opening 10 communicating left and right with an outer portion near the rear end. The opening 10 forms a communication space continuously in the circumferential direction. A separator (reference numeral 55 in FIG. 4) as in the prior art is not provided at the rear end of the communication space, that is, at the surface facing the front surface of the main body 1a. The formation of the opening 10 prevents the adhesion and accumulation of the soft waste at the deep end of the space defined by the outer peripheral ring 3 a and the inside of the two-plate frame 8 itself and between the adjacent frames 8. .

A connecting member 11 for connecting the cutter disk 3 and the transmission ring 7 is provided from the opening 10 in the scraping plate 8a to the center of the excavator.
As shown in FIG. 3, the connecting member 11 is formed in a trapezoidal box shape whose sectional shape is reduced toward the center of the excavator. As a result, the path (indicated by the arrow R in FIG. 3) in which the scraped up scrapes fall is not reduced in width, and the scraped up scrapes can drop onto the conveyor 2 with little resistance. In addition, the scraping plate 8 is formed by forming the opening 10.
Although the fixed portion (abutting portion) with the transmission ring 7 in FIG. 3A is smaller than in the prior art, the rigidity is increased by making the connecting member 11 a box shape, and the thrust resistance of the connecting portion during the rotation of the cutter disk 3 is sufficient. Performance and rotation torque resistance are ensured.

The configuration of the cutter disk 3 described above is shown in FIG.
It becomes clearer when referring to. In FIG. 2, devices such as the roller cutter 4 are not shown.

The two-plate frame 8 is provided radially in eight directions from the center of the cutter disk 3 as shown in the figure, and a box-shaped connecting member 11 is fixed to each frame 8. The opening 10 is formed in a portion of the scraping plate 8a of each frame 8 outside the connecting member 11. A bolt hole 12 for connecting to the transmission ring 7 is formed in a surface of the connecting member 11 facing the machine body. The transmission ring 7 is provided with a gear ring 7a, and a pinion of the driving device is engaged with the gear ring 7a to rotate. A bulkhead 5 (not shown) is arranged on the inner side of the transmission ring 7. In addition, cutter disk 3
In the rear end face of the rear end face, the separator facing the outside of the transmission ring 7 is not provided with a separator as in the prior art. By doing so, it is possible to further prevent the soft waste from adhering and accumulating at the far end of the space defined by the outer peripheral ring 3a and the inside of the two-plate frame 8 and between the adjacent frames 8. This is because, when the cutter disk 3 rotates, the far end of the space and the scraping plate 8a move relatively.

Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the cross section of the front surface F of the excavator body 1a facing the vicinity of the outer periphery of the cutter chamber 6 (corresponding to the portion where the opening 10 of the scraping plate 8a is formed). The center is inclined so that it retreats. That is, the partial conical front plate 13 is provided so as to cover the entire periphery of the excavator body 1a. As a result, the scrap scraped up by the scraping plate 8a tends to fall due to the action of its own weight even if it tries to adhere to the front plate 13 inclined downward.

It should be noted that the present invention also includes a cutter disk 3 having a rear end face provided with a separator in a range facing the outside of the transmission ring 7. In this case, the cutter disk 3 (FIGS. 1 to 3) from which the separator has been removed has no effect due to the relative movement between the rear end of the space and the scraper 8a. 1a front plate 1
If it is formed in a partial conical shape over the entire circumference as in the case of 3, it becomes easy to drop due to its own weight.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a closing plate 14 for closing the opening 10 of each scraping plate 8a is provided. The closing plate 14 is detachably attached to the scraping plate 8a by, for example, bolting (see also FIG. 3).

With this configuration, for example, when excavating a soft ground, the closing plate 13 is removed and the opening 10 is removed.
To release. As a result, as described above,
Prevent sedimentation. For example, when excavating hard ground (rock), the closing plate 14 is attached and the opening 10 is formed.
Is closed, and the closing plate 14 also functions as a scraping plate. Since the hard shearing does not easily adhere to the scraping plate or the like, the above-described original function of the scraping plate 8a works effectively.

[0032]

According to the cutter disk of the present invention, in the prior art, the opening is formed in a portion where the debris easily adheres and accumulates. Therefore, even if the excavation debris is soft, the earth and sand scraping plate and the cutter can be used. It does not easily adhere to the space defined by the inner wall of the chamber.

Further, according to the excavator of the present invention, even if the debris scraped upward by the earth and sand scraping plate adheres to the separating plate inclined downward at that position, its own weight effectively acts. It is easy to fall.

Further, according to another excavator of the present invention, the back end of the space of the cutter chamber is a front part of the main body of the excavator, and when the cutter disc rotates, the earth and sand scraping plate and the back end move relatively. Therefore, in combination with the fact that the front portion of the excavator body is inclined downward, it is possible to prevent the soft waste from adhering and accumulating at the far end of the space.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a cutter disk which is a main part of an excavator according to the present invention, FIG. 1 (a) is a front view thereof, and FIG. 1 (b) is II in FIG. 1 (a). It is a line sectional view.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing the inside of the cutter disk of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 1 (b).

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing an example of a cutter disk portion of a conventional excavator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Excavator 1a ... Excavator main body 2 ... Conveyor 3 ... Cutter disk 3a ... Peripheral ring 4 ... Roller cutter 5 ... Bulkhead 6 ... Cutter chamber 8 ... Frame 8a ... scraping plate 10 ... opening 11 ... connecting member 12 ... opening 13 ... front plate 14 ... closing plate

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Akira Takakura 1-3-1, Higashikawasaki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo Prefecture Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Kobe Main Office (72) Inventor Keizo Kazama 2 Kandajicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 3-chome, Obayashi Corporation Tokyo Main Office (72) Inventor Yoshinobu Iio 2-3-3 Kandaji-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Tokyo Main Office (72) Inventor Satoshi Koone 1 Minamidai, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama No. 10-4, Obayashi Corporation Tokyo Machinery Factory (56) References JP-A-7-310495 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E21D 9/12 E21D 9 / 08

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cutter disk having a substantially cylindrical shape with a bottom disposed on a front surface of a body of an excavator, wherein a sediment scraping plate is disposed substantially radially on a cutter chamber side of the cutter disk. An opening that extends rearward along the inner peripheral surface of the chamber and that communicates the left and right sides of the earth and sand scraping plate is formed at an outer peripheral end at an end on the main body side of the earth and sand scraping plate. Excavator cutter disc. 2. A plate-like frame for holding a cutter is disposed substantially radially, and the earth and sand scraping plate comprises a portion of the frame extending rearward along an inner peripheral surface of a cutter chamber. The cutter disk for an excavator according to claim 1, which is formed. 3. The cutter disk for an excavator according to claim 1, further comprising a closing plate detachably attached to the earth and sand scraping plate to appropriately close the opening. 4. A substantially cylindrical connection for connecting a rotary drive unit and a cutter disk disposed in an excavator body to the excavator center side of the opening in the earth and sand scraping plate. The cutter disk for an excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a portion is provided. 5. The cutter disk for an excavator according to claim 4, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the connecting portion in a plane perpendicular to a central axis of the excavator has a trapezoidal shape in which a width on the central side of the excavator is reduced. 6. A cutter disk according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a separator at a rear end of the space between the earth and sand scraping plates for closing the space. An excavator, wherein the separator has a partially conical shape in which the center of the excavator is retreated backward. 7. A cutter disc according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a rear end of a space between the earth and sand scraping plates is defined by a front portion of the body of the excavator. An excavator in which a front portion of the excavator main body has a partially conical shape in which the central side of the excavator is retreated backward.