JP2847148B2 - Submerged floating ground and construction method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a floating casting ground floating from the water useful in the fields of marine and river civil engineering, fish farming, marine pollution prevention and the like, and a floating ground therefor. Concerning the construction method.

[Problems to be Solved by Conventional Techniques and Inventions] Conventionally, when installing a floating ground on water, it has been performed by constructing a lightweight floating structure on the ground and then transferring it to the water. .

Floating structures include floating structures and underwater structures.Floating structures include floating structures such as oil platforms and caissons, and fixed structures such as artificial islands and submarine tunnels. As a method of constructing a thing, after constructing a large-scale hypothetical structure on the site,
There are two methods: a method of constructing a structure, and a method of constructing the structure on land, placing it on a barge or the like, towing it to the site, and installing it.

However, this method requires a great deal of labor to construct a hypothetical structure, for example, to secure a scaffold and to construct an outer shell wall, and it is also difficult to transport materials to the site. The other method required a huge lifting machine to install the structure, and also required a great deal of labor to tow to the site.

As described above, the prior art has a difficulty different from that on land because of the special circumstances that the site is on the water.

Conventionally, an oil fence or the like has been used to construct a simple partition wall on the water surface, but it has not been easy to manufacture it on site. For example, when oil spills from a petroleum mining platform or a tanker, it may not be possible to easily construct a protective body in a short time, and damage may be increased.

[Means for Solving the Problems] As a result of earnest studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have accomplished the present invention and have succeeded in solving the problems of the prior art.

That is, the present invention relates to (1) floating ground over water and (2) a construction method thereof.

(1) The invention of the floating ground is a method of converting a floating material such as an empty bottle or styrofoam into a quick-setting lightweight material having a gel time of several seconds to several tens of seconds on the water surface, for example, cement, foaming agent, quick-setting agent and water. The invention of floating ground floating on the ground, characterized by being embedded by discharging the foamed mixture paste whose main component is, and the discharging by flashing light-weight material with a gel time of several seconds to several tens of seconds -The invention of the floating ground over water, characterized in that the formed floating body with concave cross section is filled with a filling material.

As the filling material of the present invention, for example, a dredged soil, a so-called concrete composition which is a mixture of sand, gravel, cement, and water may be filled, and empty bottles, waste materials having a low bulk density such as empty cans, etc. May be filled.

Further, it is preferable that a reinforcing material such as a net, a rope, a fibrous body, or the like is provided on the floating ground.

Further, the floating ground according to the present invention may have a high stacking height due to the continuation of the casting, and may have a bottom surface which reaches and is fixed to the underwater ground.

(2) According to the invention of the construction method, a flashing light-weight material having a gel time of several seconds to several tens of seconds is scattered on the water surface to form a floating material on the surface of the water, and a floating bottle such as an empty bottle or styrene foam is formed thereon. As well as embedding them,
An invention of a method for constructing a floating ground over water, characterized by spouting and setting the instantaneous setting material or curable material,
Quick-setting lightweight material with gel time of several seconds to tens of seconds,
For example, a foamed mixture paste mainly composed of cement, a foaming agent, a quick-setting admixture and water is sprinkled on the water to float and form a water-floating formwork having a concave cross section on the water. It is an invention of a method for constructing a floating ground over water, characterized by filling and casting.

The former is characterized by the fact that the use of a lightweight hollow body such as an empty bottle enhances the floatability of the lightweight ground.

Also, the latter uses the floating ground as a formwork,
Conventionally used ground materials, such as sand and slurry material, are put therein to improve the overall workability.

The ground constructed by the method of the present invention is generally one that is levitated on the water surface or in the water.
The image may be fixed.

In addition, it is preferable that a reinforcing material such as a net, a rope, or a fibrous body is provided on the floating ground.

In addition, the casting of the floating ground over water in the invention of the method may be performed on a required area on the water surface by stretching an impermeable or semi-permeable sheet or bag thereon, and as a result, the floating ground is , And may have a coating material such as a water-impermeable or semi-permeable sheet, bag, or coating material on the bottom and / or side surfaces thereof.

Further, in the method of constructing a water casting ground, after laying and separating a continuous floating body such as an oil fence in a required area on the water surface, the casting is performed on the water surface separated by the floating body. Alternatively, a required area on the water surface may be separated by a partition wall such as a sheet pile or a steel pipe sheet pile.

When a sheet pile or steel pipe sheet pile is used to partition, a movable formwork is attached to the inner surface of the partition wall near the water surface, and the movable formwork is moved after the casting quick-setting lightweight material has hardened. It is also preferable to create a clearance between the wall and the hardening and light-curing lightweight material to release the adhesion that occurs between them.

In any of the above methods, when constructing the floating ground over water, the reinforcing material such as the floating material, the wire, the rope, the net, the lightweight reinforcing material, the plastic fiber, and the metal fiber is provided, and It is also possible to sprinkle a light-weight material to be cast.

Usually, an anchor is hung on the floating ground to prevent its flow.

As the quick-setting light-weight material according to the present invention, for example, a light-weight material comprising a mixture of an inorganic hydraulic hardener such as cement, water, a foaming agent and a quick-setting agent, in which bubbles are uniformly dispersed and contained A mixture of a composition, an organic hydraulic hardener such as an isocyanate or a polyisocyanate which is a urethane prepolymer, and water, and a mixture of an aqueous acrylamide solution, a foaming agent, and a catalyst are exemplified.

Since the gel time (time required for consolidation) of the instantaneous setting light-weight material is several seconds to several tens of seconds, the final mixing of the constituent components of the material is preferably performed in the vicinity of the casting location.

In particular, it is preferable that the mixing of the quick-setting agent, the catalyst, and the like be performed immediately before the casting location. This facilitates the supply of the material slurry or the like by the hose, and ensures the instantaneous connection and installation on the water. The mixing is carried out by arranging and discharging the tips of the feed hoses for each component so that they cross each other near the casting point, or by using a feed hose consisting of a double pipe. , And each component can be mixed and released from its tip.

With reference to the drawings, a method of placing a floating ground embedding a floating material of the present invention will be described. First, as shown in FIG.
Mixing and preparation of the instantaneous light-weight material is performed on the work boat 1, and the instantaneous light-weight material 3 is pumped to the tip of the supply hose 2, scattered on the water surface, and the plate-like floating base 4 is placed. Form.

Therefore, as shown in the process diagrams of FIGS. 1 (A) to 1 (C), a waste material such as an empty bottle and an empty can and a floating material 5 such as styrene foam are placed on the floating base 4 (B), and further thereon. The light-weight material 3 is sprinkled out (C), and the light-weight material 3 is poured as if embedding them. The operation may be performed repeatedly.

The casting method using the buoyant concave formwork is as shown in FIG. 5, first, the instantaneous light-weight material 3 is scattered on the water surface, and the plate-like levitation base 4 is cast. 2 (A) ~
(E) As shown in the process drawing, the peripheral wall 4 'is formed by laying and casting the peripheral portion thereof to obtain a water-floating mold 40 having a concave cross section (B). Thereafter, the filling material 6 is filled in the formwork 40 (D), and the floating ground 10 is completed (E).

It is needless to say that various fillers may be added to the instantaneous setting lightweight material.

[Examples] Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.

First, the preparation of a quick-setting light-weight material for water casting is described.

Preferred composition examples and mixing ratios of the quick-setting light-weight material according to the present invention are preferably those of the composition of the foaming paste, the composition of water glass, and the mixing ratio as described below.

[A: Composition of foaming paste] Cement: 100 parts by weight, water: 30 to 200 parts by weight Foaming agent: 0.1 to 5 parts by weight Cell stabilizer: 0.1 to 5 parts by weight Cellular amount: 250 to 900 l / m ³ [b : Composition of aqueous solution of water glass] Water glass (JIS No. 3): 100 parts by weight Water: 30 to 200 parts by weight Gel time preparation (salts): 0.1 to 10 parts by weight {mixing ratio of liquid a and liquid b (weight ratio)} a: b = 1: 0.1 to 1: 3.5 The above-mentioned quick-setting light-weight material mixture solidifies in several seconds to several tens of seconds.

This gel time can be adjusted by the mixing ratio between the foaming paste and the water glass.

In the present example, a quick-setting light-weight material having the following composition was prepared from the above composition range, and this was applied to the casting of floating ground over water.

[Composition of foam Paste cement: 100 parts by weight, water: 100 parts by weight Foaming agent: 0.7 parts by weight foam stabilizer: 0.1 parts by weight amount of bubbles: and 650L / m ³ at a foam paste Composition of waterglass solution Water glass (JIS No. 3): 100 parts by weight Water: 50 parts by weight Gel time adjuster (salts): 0.1 part by weight of a water glass aqueous solution mixed at a ratio of 1: 0.16 (weight ratio). The gel time of the mixture of the example was 5 seconds, the density of the cured product was 0.6 ton / m ³ , and the compression strength of the cured floating ground 60 seconds after casting was 0.1 kgf / cm ² . After 2 hours, the compressive strength was 3 kgf / cm ² .

It has been confirmed that the cured product maintains a floating state for a long period of time.

Here, the components used in this example will be described.

Water glass as a quick setting agent Water glass is usually commercially available No. 3 water glass (Na ₂ O · 3SiO ₂
Aq) is used, but the water glass stock solution (SiO ₂ : 28-30)
_{%, Na 2 O: 9~10%} , remainder: water viscosity) is high, is as it is slow movement speed. Therefore, it is desirable to add water in advance to lower the viscosity of the water glass liquid and increase the moving speed. This is the same as the method of using water glass in the usual water glass-based chemical injection, and is a well-known matter. In addition, it is very difficult to mix a small amount of a stock solution of water glass (a quick-setting binder) with a large amount of foaming paste from the viewpoint of uniform mixing.

Foaming agent When the foaming agent is explained, also in the present invention, a foaming agent such as naphthalene colloid butylsulfonate or protein used in a usual cement-based mixture is used. For a general surfactant, the upper limit is about 5% of the cement weight. Preferably, it is 3% or less.

The density of the cured product to a 1.0 ton / m ³ or less, 160l /
m ³ bubbles are required.

To obtain these bubbles, the foaming agent needs to be added at a rate of about 0.05% or more.
0.2% or more.

Amount of water The amount of water in the foaming paste is preferably 200% or less (particularly preferably 100% or less) from the viewpoint of strength development. Since the strength development is greatly affected by the amount of the foaming agent added, the optimum amount of water also changes.

Cement amount Although the initial strength increases with an increase in the unit cement amount, the strength can be expected even when the unit cement amount is about 50 kg / m ³ . The required initial strength of the water casting structure varies depending on the application, but is preferably 0.5 kgf / cm ² or more from the viewpoint of handling.

For this reason, the unit cement amount is preferably 150 kg /
m ³ or more is required.

The ratio of cement to water glass It is a rapid agglutination reaction that causes the materials to flash together, and the ratio of each material (cement to water glass) must be appropriate for this reaction to proceed.

When the amount of water glass is reduced, the strength is greatly reduced.
Water glass (JIS No. 3) needs at least 30% of cement.

Next, other foaming agents, quick-setting agents, and the like will be described in relation to the above components.

Examples of the foaming agents include naphthalene colloid butylsulfonate, gelatin, protein derivatives such as casein, saponin, resin soap, lauryl sulfate and the like.

In addition, as a quick setting agent, water glass, potassium dichromate,
Examples thereof include sodium fluorosilicate, sodium aluminate, aluminum chloride, and calcium chloride, with water glass being particularly preferred.

In addition, JIS No. 3 product (SiO ₂ content 28
~ 30%) is used.

The use of water glass as a quick setting agent is particularly suitable from the viewpoints of quick setting, strength development, safety and the like.

In addition, cement is used as a hardening agent, which is particularly preferable because it secures quick setting and long-term strength.

Next, a description will be given of (1) an example of placing a floating ground for embedding a material and (2) an example of placing a floating ground using a buoyant formwork having a concave cross section with reference to the drawings.

(1) Installation of a floating ground for embedding a floating material First, as shown in FIG. 5, on a work boat 1, mixing and preparation of a flash-setting light-weight material composed of a mixture of the foaming paste and the quick setting agent are performed. And the quick-setting lightweight material 3 is supplied to the feed hose 2
, And scattered on the water surface to form a plate-like floating base 4, and then floating of empty bottles, empty cans, styrofoam, etc. thereon as shown in FIGS. 1 (A) to 1 (C). The conductive material 5 is placed (B), and the quick-setting light-weight material 3 is further scattered thereon (C), and they are poured as if they are embedded. The operation may be performed repeatedly.

In addition, in the mixing preparation of the quick-setting light-weight material, a mixture of a foaming agent and water is stirred to sufficiently foam, and a cement slurry is uniformly mixed with the mixture to form a foam paste. It is preferable to mix a water glass aqueous solution as a binder.

(2) Example of Casting a Floating Ground Using a Floating Form with a Concave Cross Section Also, a casting method using a buoyant concave form, first, as shown in FIG. 3 is scattered on the surface of the water, and a plate-like floating base 4 is cast thereon. Then, as shown in FIGS. A concave floating form 40 is obtained (B).

Next, the lightweight reinforcing members 7 are fixedly arranged on the floating base 4 (C), and then the filling material 6 is filled in the formwork 40 (D) to complete the floating ground 10 (E).

As described above, the quick-setting light-weight material for water casting according to the present invention is composed of an extremely simple composition material, but a general civil engineering mixer, pump or the like can be used in the production thereof.

Then, by spilling it directly on the water, a levitation base as a buoyant body can be easily cast, and then the buoyant material is placed on the buoyant material. Can be.

Also, after laying out the floating base material by sprinkling the instantaneous light-weight material and repeatedly laying it around the periphery to build up the peripheral wall, it is possible to easily produce a concave formwork with a cross section, and fill it in as appropriate. By filling the material, for example, earth and sand, concrete, mortar, or the like, or the hollow material such as the empty bottle, the empty bottle, and the mortar, a large-volume floating ground can be easily and inexpensively manufactured.

FIG. 3 shows a levitation base 4 of a buoyant formwork 40 having a concave cross section.
FIG. 4 shows an example in which a rope netting 8 as a reinforcing material is provided therein, and FIG. 4 shows an example in which the rope netting 8 is embedded in a filling material 6.

When it is necessary to sink the bottom of the levitating ground 10 to the bottom of the water for the purpose of avoiding tides and swings due to waves,
A material such as sand may be laid on the top or center.

In principle, the floating ground 10 is fixed to the underwater ground by the anchor 9, but it is not necessary to use the floating ground 10 under conditions such as when the water surface can be kept quiet.

In the above example, the levitation ground 10 was cast at the construction site, but when installing the levitation ground at a remote location such as the ocean, the levitation ground 10 should be constructed in advance in a water area close to the land and installed. After being towed to the point and transported, it may be stopped and installed by the anchor 9 or the like.

The floating ground constructed in this way, in which waste materials are buried in a floating material, can convert waste such as empty bottles and empty cans into useful raw materials, thereby reducing manufacturing costs and reducing floating costs. Depending on the amount of gas in the material, an ultra-light floating ground or a floating ground with an appropriate density can be formed.

The openings of empty bottles, empty cans, and the like are preferably closed by, for example, putting a lid on, so that gas leakage is almost completely eliminated, so that long-term buoyancy can be further improved. In addition, it is possible to reduce the amount of light-weight material used for instantaneous setting and to further reduce the weight of the product floating ground.

In addition, in the case of using a buoyant mold with a concave cross-section cast over water, it is excellent in water resistance, lightweight and buoyant, and can secure mechanical strength. Can be filled with any filling material. Therefore, the manufacturing cost and manufacturing work of the floating ground are facilitated.

The present invention can be suitably used for, for example, construction of an artificial island for oil drilling, construction of an artificial island for pier foundation construction, construction of a simple partition wall on the water surface, and the like.

The construction of a floating ground by directly spilling the casting material onto the surface of the water is a novel thing that has never been seen before.

The floating ground constructed according to the present invention can be used as a movable structure as it is, and can be widely used as a temporary structure for constructing a fixed structure, thereby easily and quickly performing various operations on water, which was conventionally difficult. It becomes possible to recommend.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the floating ground on which the buoyant material of the present invention is embedded can be directly placed on the water at the site, can be constructed in a short time, and a large temporary device as in the prior art can be constructed. do not need.

In addition, since waste materials such as empty bottles and empty cans can be converted into useful materials, there is no need for operations such as waste disposal and detoxification.

Furthermore, the floating ground cast using the floating formwork having a concave cross section can be filled with any filling material, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

In addition, the production of a floating formwork having a concave cross section can be easily performed by laying out a flashing light-weight material on the water, setting a levitation base, and repeatedly setting the rim on the periphery to build up a peripheral wall. .

In addition, since the instant-setting light-weight material according to the method of the present invention is lightweight and instantaneously sets in several seconds to several tens of seconds, it can be cast directly on water to easily construct a floating base as a base of the floating ground.

The floating ground constructed according to the present invention can be used as a movable structure as it is, and can be widely used as a temporary structure for constructing a fixed structure, thereby easily and quickly performing various operations on water, which was conventionally difficult. It becomes possible to recommend.

Furthermore, since the quick-setting light-weight material is obtained by foaming and expanding the raw material at the time of casting, only a small amount of the raw material to be brought to the site is required, so that the raw material can be transported easily and at low cost. Become.

Furthermore, equipment such as a mixer and a pump necessary for carrying out the construction method of the present invention can be used as it is with an ordinary civil engineering machine, and there is no need to prepare special equipment.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 (A) to 5 show process explanatory diagrams of various embodiments of the floating ground on water. 1: Work boat, 2: Feeding hose, 3: Quick-setting light-weight material, 4: Floating base,
4 ': Perimeter wall, 5: Floating material, 6: Filling material, 7: Lightweight bar, 8: Rope net, 9: Anchor, 10: Floating ground, 40: Concave floating form

Claims (12)

(57) [Claims] 1. A water casting method wherein a floating material such as an empty bottle or styrofoam is embedded on a water surface by sprinkling a flashing light-weight material having a gel time of several seconds to several tens of seconds. Floating ground. 2. The floating ground over water according to claim 1, wherein the floating material is a waste material such as an empty bottle or an empty can. 3. A water-floating mold having a concave cross section formed by casting and forming a flash-onset light-weight material having a gel time of several seconds to several tens of seconds, and filled with a filling material. Submerged floating ground. 4. The quick-setting light-weight material having a gel time of several seconds to several tens of seconds, which is mainly composed of cement, a foaming agent, a quick-setting agent and water. The floating ground placed on water according to any of the above. 5. The floating ground over water according to claim 3, wherein the filling material has a low bulk density. 6. The floating casting surface according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the floating floating ground surface comprises a reinforcing material such as a net, a rope, or a fibrous body. ground. 7. The submerged floating ground according to claim 1, wherein the submerged floating ground has a bottom surface fixed to the submerged ground. 8. A flashing light-weight material having a gel time of several seconds to several tens of seconds is scattered on the water surface to form a floating material on the surface of water, and a floating material such as an empty bottle or styrene foam is placed thereon. And a method of constructing a floating ground on water, characterized in that the light-weight or hardening material is sprinkled and laid out so as to embed them. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the floating material is waste material such as empty bottles and empty cans. 10. A flashing light-weight material having a gel time of several seconds to several tens of seconds is sprinkled on water to float and form a water-floating mold having a concave cross section on the water, and then a filling material therein. A method for constructing a floating ground over water, characterized by filling and casting. 11. The quick-setting light-weight material having a gel time of several seconds to several tens of seconds, mainly comprising cement, a foaming agent, a quick setting agent and water.
The method for constructing a floating ground over water according to any one of the above. 12. A method for placing a floating ground over water, comprising:
12. The method according to claim 8, wherein a reinforcing material such as a rope, a light weight bar, or a fibrous body is provided.