JP2909778B2 - Far-infrared radiator mainly composed of fly ash - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a far-infrared radiator mainly composed of fly ash.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, utilization of far-infrared rays in fields such as drying, heating, cooking, and treatment of industrial products has attracted attention. In general, cordierite (2MgO.2) is used as a far-infrared radiator.
Al ₂ O ₃ .5SiO ₂ ), β-spodumene (Li ₂
Low thermal expansion ceramics such as O.Al ₂ O ₃ .4SiO ₂ ) and aluminum titanate (Al ₂ O ₃ .TiO ₂ ) are known, and when these infrared radiation characteristics are measured, there is a thermal effect. Of the infrared wavelength ranges considered to be short, the short wavelength range has a low emissivity, but shows a relatively high spectral infrared emissivity curve beyond 4-5 μm. Other infrared, MnO to cordierite _{(2MgO · 2Al 2 O 3 ·} 5SiO 2 composition as having a high emissivity in the far infrared both ₂
60%, Fe ₂ O ₃ 20%, CoO 10%, CuO 10
% Of calcined material is known, for example, it is known to have a high emissivity of about 96% in a frequency range of 5000 to 1000 cm ^-1 and a wavelength of 2 to 10 μm.

[0003]

However, the conventional high-efficiency far-infrared radiator as described above is very expensive as a cordierite raw material, for example, 500 yen / kg, and is expensive as a finished product. Therefore, its use as a high-efficiency radiator was limited. On the other hand, fly ash, which generates large quantities of coal used as fuel for thermal power plants etc. as waste, has been increasing in recent years, but its disposal is mainly landfill disposal, which costs as industrial waste. Although some of them are used as raw materials for cement and ceramic products, the amount of cement and ceramic products used is limited due to quality deterioration and cost increase. Recently, molding and firing using fly ash developed by the present inventors have been disclosed in JP-A-2-59479 and JP-A-2-129082.
However, other effective uses are not sufficient in both quality and quantity.

[0004]

Therefore, in the first invention, the far-infrared radiator mainly comprising fly ash according to the present invention is obtained by spraying fly ash onto the surface of a substrate having a certain heat resistance. According to the second invention, a small amount of an organic or inorganic binder is added to fly ash, a kneading solution is further added and kneaded to form a predetermined shape. In the third invention, it is sintered that the fly ash is added to the paper so that fly ash is contained on the surface or inside of the paper. It is characterized in that fly ash is added to the surface or inside of the film by adding fly ash particles to the synthetic resin film.

[0005]

The fly ash or burnt fly ash supplied toward the plasma flame or the gas flame is melted by the above flame, injected toward the substrate surface, and sequentially fused to form a film to form a far-infrared ray. A radiator is formed. In addition, when a small amount of an organic or inorganic binder is added to fly ash, and a kneading solution is added and kneaded to form a predetermined shape and then baked, the predetermined strength and heat resistance as ceramics are obtained. A far infrared radiator is formed. Similarly, far-infrared rays are radiated with high efficiency from fly ash particles contained in paper or synthetic resin film or attached to the surface. The far-infrared radiator using fly ash as a main material as described above is excellent in that once it is exposed to the coal combustion temperature in the process of becoming fly ash, it is heat-treated at a high temperature by plasma spraying or firing again. A far-infrared radiator having far-infrared radiation characteristics can be obtained. Further, since fly ash can be effectively used, the processing can be performed efficiently.

[0006]

<First Embodiment> The far-infrared radiator shown as the first embodiment is a nozzle for plasma spraying shown in FIG. 1 (manufactured by Bay State, USA, with a plasma output of 17 to 26 KW).
By spraying fly ash onto the base material 5 to form a film. Here, the nozzle body 1 itself becomes one electrode, the other electrode 2 is fixed inside the nozzle body 1, a power source 4 is connected between the two electrodes, and the nozzle body at the tip position of the electrode 2 is provided. 1 is provided with an ejection hole 31 composed of a small hole through which the plasma flame 4 passes. A gas introduction hole 32 for injecting an inert gas such as argon is formed behind the bottom of the nozzle body 1.

[0007] The nozzle shown in FIG. 1 is an inner-blowing nozzle for melting fly ash at a high temperature, and a fly ash supply port 33 for supplying fly ash together with an inert gas for supplying fly ash has a small hole in the peripheral wall of the ejection hole 31. As perforated opening. At the plasma spray position of the nozzle, a metal plate, a ceramic plate or other heat-resistant base material 5 is provided facing the ejection port 31, and fly ash is ejected from the supply port 33 into the plasma flame 7 and melts. This is sprayed on the surface of the base material 5 and attached as a fly ash film 6 having a thickness of 150 to 200 μm. In the above, the fly ash raw powder as collected from a coal boiler or the like has been described. Instead, for example, baking is performed at a high temperature of 1100 ° C. or more to remove impurities such as carbon and subjected to a second heat treatment. If fly ash is used, the heat resistance and thermal shock resistance of ceramics are further enhanced.

In the above embodiment, fly ash was deposited by plasma spraying, but this could also be done by gas spraying using acetylene gas, oxygen gas, or the like. It can be used even if it has low sex. In addition, a heat-resistant sheet reinforced with glass wool or another heat-resistant material can be used as the base material 5.

[0009]

[Table 1]

The above-mentioned fly ash is fly ash collected from a thermal power plant of Chugoku Electric Power Co., Inc.
It has chemical analysis values as shown in Table 1 shown above. Also,
The particle size distribution and heat reduction rate of the fly ash are shown in Table 2 below.
Are shown.

[0011]

[Table 2]

The far-infrared radiator manufactured through the above-described steps was able to obtain the characteristics shown in FIG. 2C as a result of the measurement. That is, in the wavelength range of 6 to 21 [mu] m, the ratio of the black body to the radiant energy is 93%, and extremely excellent characteristics can be obtained as compared with the Fe-Si sprayed coating and the iron sand sprayed coating used as other samples. ,
In particular, it can be seen that when the wavelength is longer than 6 μm, good characteristics almost equal to those of the cordierite ceramic described above can be obtained. The above fly ash is currently available at a cost of 5 to 6 yen / kg.
Even if the heat treatment (baking) is performed at about 0 ° C., the cost is about twice or less. Incidentally, silicon iron and natural iron sand, which are the samples described above, also provided extremely excellent characteristics as compared with conventional ceramic radiators, but the characteristics of the present invention are, of course, lower in cost and raw material compared to those. It is even more excellent in terms of ease of supply.

<Second Embodiment> The far-infrared radiator of the present invention shown below is prepared by mixing fly ash as a main raw material in a weight ratio of 99%, mixing methylcellulose as a binder, and mixing water as a kneading liquid. About 5% of fly ash weight
0% is added and the mixture is stirred and kneaded to prepare a kneaded material. The above-mentioned kneaded material is molded into a predetermined shape, and after the molded product is dried, it is gradually heated in an oxidizing atmosphere to be sintered and cooled. Hereinafter, a description will be given based on these actual prototyping methods. (1) Sample Fly ash used as a raw material is fly ash collected from the Chugoku Electric Power Co., Inc. thermal power plant, as in the first embodiment, and has the properties shown in the table above. The coking coal is a coal mixture mainly composed of Australian coal. (2) Methyl cellulose was used as a binder. (3) Molding, Drying and Firing of Test Specimen A binder was added to the sample at a specified weight, and dry-mixed. It was prepared by the method of molding you press the plaster mold kneading after 10 × 5 × 1cm ³ added water. The specimen was dried naturally after demolding, and forcedly ventilated at 110 ° C for 2 hours or more.
Next, it is gradually fired in an oxidizing atmosphere using an electric furnace,
The firing temperature is about 1150 ° C. Firing is completed several hours after the start of firing. A good far-infrared effect could be obtained by the far-infrared radiator formed as described above.
The molding is not limited to the above method, and many methods such as extrusion molding and roll molding can be employed.

<Third Embodiment> In this embodiment, raw fly ash powder or baked fly ash is pulverized to an appropriate particle size in paper in a paper making process, if necessary, and the weight ratio is about several percent to about 20%. The paper contains fly ash to obtain a far-infrared radiator by adding fly ash powder or granules to the surface of the paper or adding it to the inside. If the amount of fly ash is excessive, the strength of the paper may be reduced, and if the amount is too small, the far-infrared radiation effect becomes poor. Such paper materials are used for packaging various products, attached to the walls and ceilings of buildings and equipment, and used to prevent weeds from growing in greenhouses and fruits such as strawberries. When used as a cover to cover ridges, far-infrared rays are also radiated to the lower surface of greens and fruits, which promotes greening of greens and greens, and promotes ripeness and uniform color of strawberries, eggplants, and melons. Has the effect of doing

<Fourth Embodiment> In the production of a polyethylene or vinyl chloride film, fly ash granules as described in the above embodiment are added to the synthetic resin material during the film production process in a percentage by weight of powder to about 30%. By mixing or adding, it is possible to obtain a synthetic resin film having fly ash inside or on the surface, and it can be used for packaging of various products that are expected to have a far-infrared effect as in the above-described embodiment, And is expected to be used as a sheet for agriculture. In particular, since it is a far-infrared radiator in the form of a synthetic resin film, when it is used for agriculture, it can be used not only for house cultivation but also for outdoor cultivation.

[0016]

The present invention configured as described above has the following effects. (1) Since the far-infrared radiator is formed by using fly ash as a main component as described above, the processing of fly ash, which has been difficult in the past, can be effectively used at low cost, and disposed as industrial waste. And there is no need for pollution. In addition, since far less material cost is required compared to a far-infrared radiator such as a conventional cordierite, the far-infrared radiator can be formed at low cost. (2) Since fly ash has properties as a high-quality, high-efficiency far-infrared radiator, a high-quality far-infrared radiator can be manufactured. (3) When simply spraying fly ash, the production is simple and the cost is low. (4) When a small amount of an organic or inorganic binder is added to fly ash, and a kneading solution is further added and kneaded to form a predetermined shape and then baked, predetermined strength and heat resistance as ceramics are obtained. Far-infrared radiator can be formed. In addition, any production method such as mold molding, extrusion molding, roll molding, or the like can be adopted, and the size of the product is not limited and the application is wide. (5) When formed into a sheet, such as when fly ash is included on the surface or inside of paper, or when fly ash is included on the surface or inside of a synthetic resin film, it is used for packaging products. And can be used on walls and ceilings,
It can also be used for house cultivation and outdoor cultivation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a plasma spray nozzle.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing infrared radiation characteristics,
Is Fe-Si sprayed coating, (b) is iron sand sprayed coating, (c)
Shows the relationship between the wavelength and the emissivity of the fly ash sprayed coating.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Nozzle main body 2 Electrode 31 Jet hole 32 Gas inlet 33 Fly ash supply port 4 Power supply 5 Substrate 6 Fly ash film 7 Plasma flame

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A far-infrared radiator comprising fly ash as a main component, wherein fly ash is sprayed on a surface of a substrate having a certain heat resistance to form a fly ash film. 2. A fly ash obtained by adding a small amount of an organic or inorganic binder to fly ash, further adding a kneading solution and kneading the mixture to form a predetermined shape, and calcining the mixture. Far infrared radiator used as main material. 3. A far-infrared radiator mainly comprising fly ash, wherein fly ash is contained on the surface or inside of paper by adding fly ash particles to paper. 4. A far-infrared radiator comprising fly ash as a main component, wherein fly ash is added to the surface or inside of the film by adding fly ash particles to a synthetic resin film.