JP2923075B2 - Plastics-water slurry composition - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a plastics-water slurry composition.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, Japan's plastics production volume has been 12
It is expected to exceed one million tons, and the amount discharged as plastics waste is said to be more than five million tons. Plastics waste is generally classified into general plastic waste discharged as household waste and industrial plastic waste discharged from various production or processing plants and distribution processes. Somewhat high.

[0003] Plastics in general plastics wastes are of many types and have various shapes. In general, there are many plastics mainly composed of film-like polyethylene and polypropylene and dish-like polystyrene used for food packaging. However, these plastics are difficult to separate from general waste and are expensive, so there are few places where they are reused by local governments, and at present, they are incinerated or landfilled.

[0004] On the other hand, industrial plastic wastes are separated at the discharge source and those whose properties are clear are simply recycled, and similar plastics contaminants are compositely recycled into civil engineering and building materials such as piles and panels. ing. Those that are difficult to separate are used as fuel or incinerated as they are.

[0005] Industrial plastic wastes used as fuels include polyolefin resins (PE, PP), polystyrene resins, PET resins and the like. If these plastics are mixed and discharged, or if they are composited with paper or fiber, they cannot be used as recycled materials, so these wastes are used as fuel. These plastic wastes contain a large amount of thermoplastic resin and are melted by heating and used as briquettes or pellets of solid fuel.

However, conventional solid fuels made of plastics waste have a high calorific value and an excessive combustion speed, so that the high heat accelerates the wear of the combustion furnace or is incomplete due to a partial lack of oxygen. Often it was burning. In addition, there is a disadvantage that the plastics itself melts during the combustion and adheres to the furnace wall, or the molten plastics flows and hinders the combustion. Further, solid fuels are usually burned in a fixed hearth such as a stoker due to their large particle size, and cannot be sprayed and burned by a burner, so that they are difficult to handle as fuel.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a plastics-water slurry composition which has good flowability and can be handled as a liquid fuel.

[0008]

That is, the present invention relates to a plastics powder and the following general formula (1): B [(AO) _y (C ₂ H ₄ O) _Z ] _x H (1) Represents an alkylene group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms,
B represents an active hydrogen-containing compound residue, x represents a number of 1 to 200, y represents 0 or a number of 1 to 50, and z represents 3 to 5
Indicates the number 00. The present invention relates to a plastics-water slurry composition containing the compound represented by the formula (1).

The plastics that can be used in the present invention may be thermoplastic or thermosetting as long as they are flammable, but resins that do not dissolve or swell in water are preferred. Olefin polymers such as polypropylene, polyisobutylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-based addition polymers such as polystyrene, (b)
Acrylic nitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (A
BS resin), acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer (AS
Resins), acrylic resins such as poly (meth) acrylic acid (ester), (c) synthetic or natural rubber such as polybutadiene, polyisoprene, butadiene-styrene copolymer, (d) polyacetal, polyester, polyamide (nylon -6, nylon-6,6), etc .; (e) thermoplastic resins such as vinyl chloride resins such as vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride; and (f) phenolic resins and (g) urea resins, melamine A thermosetting resin such as a resin can be used. In particular, in addition to polyolefin waste plastics such as polyethylene and polypropylene and polystyrene, which are frequently discharged into industrial plastic waste, vinyl chloride waste plastics and waste tires are often used. These plastics may be used alone or in combination.

[0010] The plastics used in the present invention include waste plastics discarded after various plastics molded articles have been used temporarily or for a long period of time, or off-molded products, burrs generated during molding of various plastics, What is necessary is just a remaining part of a cut or an ear part. In addition, solidified plastics (such as briquettes and pellets) reduced in volume of plastics separated from general waste can be used.

These plastics are crushed or pulverized to a particle size of 2,000 μm or less, preferably 1.0 to 1.0 μm.
It is used as a powder having a size of 00 μm or less, more preferably 500 μm or less. Plastics powder with particle size of 2,000
If it exceeds 0 μm, a slurry having good fluidity cannot be obtained,
Spray combustion by the burner becomes impossible.

The shape of the plastics powder is preferably spherical, elliptical or cubic, and the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis is 10%.
The rod-shaped or strip-shaped particles described above are not preferable for the present invention.

[0013] Plastics powder is usually obtained by crushing crushed plastics, but soft thermoplastic waste plastics such as films and styrofoam are pelletized solids reduced in volume by compression melting and solidification or rotary kiln. Crush. Examples of the pulverization method include hammer mills, bin mills, and jet mills as dry pulverization methods, and ball mills, vibrating ball mills, and centrifugal ball mills as wet pulverization methods. In particular, a jet mill or a vibrating ball mill is suitable as a method for obtaining fine powder. In a jet mill, a method of collecting fine powder pulverized by a scrubber with water containing a dispersant of the present invention described below is effective.

In the present invention, a nonionic surfactant represented by the above general formula (1) is used as a dispersant. In the general formula (1), A represents an alkylene group having 3 to 8, preferably 3 to 4 carbon atoms, B represents an active hydrogen-containing compound residue, and x represents 1 to 200, preferably 2 to 50. Y represents a number of 0 or 1 to 50, preferably 2 to 30, and z represents a number of 3 to 500, preferably 10 to 200.

The compound represented by the general formula (1) can be obtained by addition-polymerizing a compound having at least one active hydrogen in the molecule with an alkylene oxide.

The compound having at least one active hydrogen in the molecule includes alcohols, amines, amides, phenols, carboxylic acids, ammonia, alkanolamines, mercaptans and derivatives thereof.

The alcohols include monohydric alcohols such as lower alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and isopropanol to higher alcohols such as lauryl alcohol, stearyl alcohol and oleyl alcohol, and alcohols having a ring residue such as cyclohexanol and abietic acid. Alcohols having side chains such as ethylhexanol, secondary alcohols, polyhydric alcohols,
For example, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, hexanediol, glycerin, sorbitan, pentaerythritol, sorbit, shoe rose, cellulose, polyglycerin, or esters thereof, for example, monoglyceride, sorbitan monoalkylate and the like can be mentioned.

The amines include primary amines such as monomethylamine, monoethylamine, octylamine, laurylamine, tallowamine, aniline, toluidine, benzylamine, chloraniline, α-phenylethylamine and the like, and secondary amines such as diethylamine. Methylstearylamine, N-methylaniline, morpholine, etc.
Polyamines such as ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, phenylenediamine,
Benzidine, guanidine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, pentaethylenehexamine, polyethyleneimine and the like can be mentioned.

Examples of the amide include lauric amide, stearic amide, oleic amide and the like.

Examples of the phenols include phenol, cresol, alkylphenol, phenylphenol, styrenated phenol, resorcin, hydroquinone, pyrogallol, naphthol, and the like, and formalin condensates thereof.

As the carboxylic acids, acetic acid, lauric acid,
Oleic acid, linoleic acid, ricinoleic acid, phenylacetic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, phthalic acid, dimer acid, trimellitic acid, trimesic acid, pyromellitic acid, etc., acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic anhydride And the like, and a polymer containing a polymerizable carboxylic acid residue, a partially esterified product of a polycarboxylic acid, and the like.

Examples of the alkanolamine include monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine and the like, and monoethylpropanolamine.

Examples of the mercaptan include lauryl mercaptan, dodecylphenyl mercaptan and the like.

Other compounds containing two or more active hydrogens, for example, amino acids such as glycine and glutamic acid, hydroxy acids such as glycolic acid and ricinoleic acid, salicylic acid, aminophenol, the aforementioned monoethanolamine,
Monoalkyl alkanolamines and the like can also be used.

Particularly preferred examples of the compound having active hydrogen in the molecule include monohydric alcohols, monohydric phenols, alkylphenols and formalin condensates thereof, polyalkylenepolyamines, polyethyleneimines and the like. When the molecular weight of the hydrophobic group of these compounds is large, the resulting compound represented by the above general formula (1) may be a single adduct of ethylene oxide. Such an example is a single adduct of stearyl alcohol, nonylphenol or lanolin alcohol with ethylene oxide. Even if the compound having active hydrogen in the molecule does not have a hydrophobic group, it is preferably reacted with a highly hydrophobic alkylene oxide such as propylene oxide, butylene oxide, and styrene oxide when the molecular weight is small.

Examples of the alkylene oxide to be reacted with the above active hydrogen-containing compound include alkylene oxide and polyalkylene glycol, specifically, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, styrene oxide and the like and polymers thereof. The polymer is preferably a copolymer of ethylene oxide and another epoxy compound, and may be either a block or random copolymer. Preferably, a copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, particularly, a propylene oxide / ethylene oxide block copolymer having a molecular weight of 2,000 or more is preferred. Further, in the propylene oxide / ethylene oxide block copolymer, preferably, the weight ratio of the propylene oxide chain to the ethylene oxide chain is 2:
The ratio is preferably from 98 to 60:40, particularly preferably from 5:95 to 40:60. If the weight of the propylene oxide chain exceeds 60/100 in the block copolymer, the solubility in water is poor, while if it is less than 2/100, the adsorptivity to the plastics surface is poor and the dispersing power is reduced. .

The molecular weight of the compound represented by the general formula (1) is 2,000 to 1,000,000, preferably 5,000 to 500,000. If the molecular weight exceeds 1,000,000, the molecules tend to aggregate due to entanglement of the molecules, while if the molecular weight is less than 2,000, the repulsion between the particles is weak, and the particles approach each other and aggregate.

The compound represented by the above general formula (1) may further have a sulfate ester residue and a phosphate ester residue in the molecule.

Examples of particularly preferable compounds represented by the above general formula (1) include stearyl alcohol ethylene oxide adduct, alkylphenol ethylene oxide adduct, alkylphenol formalin condensate ethylene oxide adduct, propylene oxide / ethylene oxide block. Copolymer, propylene oxide /
A maleic acid crosslinked product of an ethylene oxide block copolymer, a propylene oxide / ethylene oxide block copolymer of ethylenediamine, a propylene oxide / ethylene oxide block copolymer of polyethyleneimine, and the like.

The compound represented by the above general formula (1) used in the present invention is preferably obtained by subjecting a compound having active hydrogen to addition polymerization of an alkylene oxide. It may be manufactured by the following. Further, it may be crosslinked with a dicarboxylic acid such as maleic acid.

The plastics-water slurry composition of the present invention is used in combination with a small amount of a silicone compound in addition to the compound represented by the above general formula (1) to reduce the viscosity of the slurry and increase the slurry density for transportation. Efficiency can be increased.

As the silicone compound, a compound containing a silicone oil as a main component is effective, and in particular, a commercially available silicone antifoaming agent is extremely effective. The amount of addition is 0.1 to 3.0% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 2.0% by weight of the compound represented by the above general formula (1). The silicone antifoaming agent may be added together with the compound represented by the general formula (1), or may be added after the compound represented by the general formula (1).

The plastics-water slurry composition of the present invention may further comprise, in addition to the compound represented by the general formula (1), a salt of a formalin condensate of naphthalenesulfonic acid, a polystyrenesulfonic acid salt, a polymer of dicyclopentadienesulfonic acid salt,
A sulfonated polymer such as a conjugated diene sulfonate polymer or a water-soluble polymer dispersant such as a polycarboxylate can be used in combination. It is preferable that the amount of these additives is not more than 30% by weight, preferably not more than 20% by weight of the total amount of the additives.

In the present invention, the compound represented by the above general formula (1) may be dissolved in water in advance and then added to the finely powdered plastics. May be added.

The compounding amount of the compound represented by the above general formula (1) is not particularly limited, but usually, for example, when the average particle size of the finely powdered plastics is 100 μm, the plastics-water slurry composition 0.1 to 3.0% by weight, preferably 0.3 to 2.0% by weight. If the amount exceeds 3.0% by weight, the viscosity-lowering ability does not change and it is uneconomical. On the other hand, if it is less than 0.1% by weight, there is almost no viscosity-lowering ability.

The amount of the plastics powder is not particularly limited, but is usually 30 to 80% by weight, preferably 40 to 70% by weight, based on the plastics-water slurry composition.
% By weight. If the amount exceeds 80% by weight, it is extremely difficult to make a slurry, while if it is less than 30% by weight, direct combustion is difficult due to heat of evaporation of water.

[0037]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Reference Example An example of the synthesis of a dispersant will be described. 220 g of nonylphenol and 0.5 g of potassium hydroxide were charged into a 1 liter autoclave, and 174 g of propylene oxide was added at 100 ° C. and 0.5 to 5 kg / cm ² . Take out 98.5g of this,
Under the same reaction conditions, 880 g of ethylene oxide was added. When this was measured by GPC, the average molecular weight was about 4,000.
It was 0.

Examples 1-22 and Comparative Examples 1-3 Combined waste plastics of about 3: 2 polyethylene and polypropylene crushed to about 5 mm or less were crushed to 0.2 mm or less. A powder was obtained. This waste plastic fine powder was added to a dispersant aqueous solution shown in Table 1 while stirring it in a predetermined amount, and further mixed with a homomixer to obtain a waste plastic fine powder-water slurry. The viscosity of this slurry was measured at 25 ° C. with a Haake rheometer.

[0040]

[Table 1]

Examples 23 to 39 and Comparative Examples 4 to 6 Waste phenol resin plastics crushed to about 5 mm or less were ground to 0.2 mm or less to obtain waste plastic fine powder having an average particle diameter of 40 μm. This waste plastic fine powder was added to a dispersant aqueous solution shown in Table 2 while stirring it in a predetermined amount, and then mixed with a homomixer to obtain a phenol resin waste plastic fine powder-water slurry. The viscosity of this slurry was measured using a Haake rheometer of 2
It was measured at 5 ° C.

[0042]

[Table 2]

As is clear from the results shown in Tables 1 and 2, in each of the examples to which the dispersant of the present invention was added, the concentration of the plastics powder in the plastics-water slurry composition was lower than that of the dispersion of the present invention. 1 compared to the comparative example without compounding agent
The content was improved by 0 to 30% by weight, and there was no settling or floating separation of the plastics fine powder, and the flowability was good.

[0044]

The plastics-water slurry composition of the present invention has good fluidity and can be handled as a liquid fuel. Also, the plastics powder concentration is high. The present invention provides a plastics-water slurry composition that can be used as a plastics-mixed liquid fuel using general and industrial plastics wastes, and reduces plastics wastes that contribute to environmental destruction. It can be effectively reused as fuel resources. The plastics-water slurry composition obtained according to the present invention can be handled not only as a liquid in transportation and storage, but also in spray combustion by a burner in combustion. Further plastics of the present invention - water slurry composition can reduce the concentration of NO _x in the exhaust gas while preventing excessive temperature, incomplete combustion with water. Further, the plastics-water slurry composition of the present invention is heavy oil, pulverized coal,
Coal-water slurry (CWM), Coal-oil slurry (COM)
Can be co-fired with such fuels.

Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-53-110608 (JP, A) JP-A-54-58710 (JP, A) JP-A-58-1222989 (JP, A) JP-A-58-21484 (JP) , A) JP-A-56-62538 (JP, A) JP-A-48-44303 (JP, A) JP-A-50-39303 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB Name) C10L 1/00-1/32

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. Plastics powder and the following general formula (1): B [(AO) _y (C ₂ H ₄ O) _Z ] _x H (1) wherein A is an alkylene having 3 to 8 carbon atoms. Represents a group,
B represents an active hydrogen-containing compound residue, x represents a number of 1 to 200, y represents 0 or a number of 1 to 50, and z represents 3 to 5
Indicates the number 00. A plastics-water slurry composition containing the compound represented by the formula: 2. The plastics-water slurry composition according to claim 1, comprising 30 to 80% by weight of the plastics powder and 0.1 to 3.0% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula (1). 3. The compound represented by the general formula (1), wherein A is a propylene group and a propylene oxide chain
(C ₃ H ₆ O) weight ratio of _y with ethylene oxide chain (C ₂ H ₄ O) _z is 2: 98 to 60: 40 in a claim 1, wherein the plastics - water slurry composition. 4. The plastics-water slurry composition according to claim 1, wherein the compound represented by the general formula (1) has a molecular weight of 2,000 to 1,000,000. 5. The plastics powder has a particle size of 2,000.
The plastics-water slurry composition according to claim 1, which has a thickness of 0 µm or less.