JP2943836B2 - Automatic descent control device for hanging drilling machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a suspension drilling machine for vertically excavating the ground by suspending vertically from an upper part of a support means such as a boom, a tower-like frame, and the like. The present invention relates to a descent control device for lowering a vertically hung excavation means during excavation by a well drilling machine in accordance with excavation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a well-known hanging drilling machine, a digging means is suspended vertically from an upper end of a frame or boom assembled in a tower shape, and provided at a lower end of the digging means. Some drills drill the ground vertically with drill bits, drills, augers, and the like. In such a well drilling machine, the wire for suspending and holding the excavating means is configured to be able to be unwound and wound up by a hoisting apparatus, and the excavating means is unwound from the hoisting apparatus according to excavation. It descends and continues excavation.

[0003]

However, in this case, the lowering control of the excavating means is performed by controlling the operation of the hoisting apparatus while watching the excavation condition. During this time, it is necessary to constantly monitor the excavation work, and there is a problem that the burden on the operator is large. The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to make it possible to automatically lower a digging unit according to digging when the digging operation is performed by the digging unit.

[0004]

In order to achieve such an object, in an automatic descent control device for a hanging well machine according to the present invention, a wire which is fed from a hoisting device and hung from an upper portion of a support means. In this state, the elongate excavating means is vertically suspended and held, and the tension acting on the wire is detected by the tension detecting means in this state, and when the ground is excavated by the excavating means, the descent control means is operated by the tension detecting means. The driving of the driving means of the hoisting device is controlled in accordance with the detected wire tension to control the descent of the excavating means.
At this time, when the tension detected by the tension detecting means is equal to or more than a predetermined value, the descent control means draws out the wire to lower the excavating means, and when the tension is less than the predetermined value, stops driving of the driving means. I do.

[0005] In this case, the hoisting device includes a drum on which a wire is wound, a drive motor (a hydraulic motor or an electric motor) for rotating the drum, and an operation for controlling power supply to the drive motor. Operating means (operating valves in the case of a hydraulic motor, operating switches in the case of an electric motor), and power supply (hydraulic supply or electric power) from the operating means to the drive motor by the descent control means Supply and disconnection control, and when the tension detected by the tension detecting means is equal to or more than a predetermined value, the power is supplied via the power supply line by the descent control means, while the tension is less than the predetermined value. In this case, it is preferable that the power supply via the power supply line is shut off by the descent control means.

[0006]

In the hanging drilling machine having the automatic descent control device having the above structure, when the ground is excavated by the excavating means suspended by the wire, the lower end of the excavating means is suspended in the ground. Is not in contact with the wire, a tension corresponding to the weight of the excavating means acts on the wire. The predetermined value is set to a value smaller than the tension at this time,
For this reason, the descent control means operates the drive means to draw out the wire from the hoisting device and lower the excavation means. As a result, the lower end of the excavating unit is grounded, the weight of the excavating unit is supported by the ground, and the tension of the wire is reduced. Therefore, the descent control unit stops driving the driving unit, and the excavating unit is stopped and held. In this state, the excavation bit or the like provided at the lower end excavates the ground, but as the excavation proceeds, the excavation bit rises above the ground after excavation, and the wire tension increases again. Control is provided to lower the means. For this reason, further excavation becomes possible, and thereafter, by continuing this, excavation by the excavation means is automatically continued.

[0007]

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows a drilling work vehicle equipped with an automatic descent control device according to the present invention. In this drilling work vehicle, a horizontally rotatable swivel 2 is mounted on a vehicle body 1b having a cabin 1a, and a telescoping boom 3 is mounted on the swivel 2 so as to be able to move up and down. The device D is suspended.

The telescopic boom 3 includes a base boom 3a mounted on the swivel base 2 so as to be able to move up and down, and a distal boom 3b mounted telescopically and telescopically on the base boom 3a.
The up / down operation is performed by the up / down cylinder 4, and the expansion / contraction operation is performed by the built-in expansion / contraction cylinder (not shown). Outriggers 8 that support the vehicle body 1b at the time of work are attached to four front, rear, left and right portions of the vehicle body 1b. An operator's seat 6 is provided on the rear side of the cabin 1a, and an operation lever 7 is provided to face the seat 6. The operator operates the operation lever 7 while sitting on the seat 6 to perform various operations. For example, a turning operation of the swivel base 2, an up / down operation of the telescopic boom 3, and an expanding / contracting operation, a winch operation operation described later, and the like are performed.

A main winch 10 and a sub winch 15 are connected to the upper surface of the base end boom 3a. The main and sub-wires 12 and 17 fed from these drums 11 and 16 are rotatably mounted on a boom head 5 fixed to the tip of a tip boom 3b.
It hangs around as shown in a-5d, and it hangs down.

The main wire 12 is hung around a dynamic sheave 32 a at the upper end of the drilling machine D, and its tip is locked by a suspension head 21 attached to the boom head 5.
For this reason, if the drive of the main winch 10 is controlled to control the feeding of the main wire 12 from the main drum 11, it is possible to perform the raising and lowering control of the excavator 30 constituting the drilling machine D. The sub-wire 17 has a hook 18 at its tip and is hung down from the boom head 5 and is used for lifting various equipment.

The well drilling device D includes the drilling device 30 vertically suspended and supported by the main wire 12 as described above, and the leader frame 20 for guiding the drilling device 30. The leader frame 20 includes a suspension head 21 pivotally supported by the boom head 5 by a pin 21a, a frame head 22 having a connection portion 22a pivotally connected to the suspension head 21, and a frame head 22. A first frame 23 integrally connected to the first frame 22 and extending vertically downward; a second frame 25 detachably connected to the first frame 23;
And a third frame 26 detachably connected to the third frame 26. The connecting portion 22a is formed hollow, and the main wire 12 extends downward through the hollow space of the connecting portion 22a, extends around the moving sheave 32a, extends upward, and again passes through the hollow space. Hanging head 21
Is locked.

As shown in FIG. 2, the first to third frames 23, 25 and 26 are respectively provided on both side edges of one side surface (side surface facing the excavator 30) of a hollow columnar main body having a rectangular cross section.
A guide rail 23a made of a vertically extending hollow pipe,
25a and 26a are joined. These main body and guide rail have the same cross-sectional shape, respectively.
One vertically extending guide frame is formed in a state where the first to third frames 23, 25, 26 are connected.

In the leader frame 20, a suspension head 21, a frame head 22, and a first frame 23 are provided.
Are connected as shown and used while attached to the boom head 5, and are stored on the vehicle body 1b. However, the second and third frames 25 and 26 are assembled and used as shown in the work. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 2, for example, a connection hole 23b is formed in a lower portion of the first frame 23, and a connection protrusion 25b having a connection hole 25c is provided in an upper portion of the second frame 25.
A connection protrusion 25d is also provided above the guide rail 25a of the second frame 25. In FIG. 2, a storage sheave 24 is attached to a lower portion of the first frame 23, but the description thereof will be omitted.

When connecting the second frame 25 to the first frame 23, the connecting projection 25b is connected to the first frame 23.
And the connecting projection 25d is fitted into the guide rail 23a of the first frame 23. In this state, the connecting bolt 28 is inserted through the connecting holes 23b and 25c, and the nut is fastened with the nut 29. . When the second frame 25 is connected to the first frame 23 in this manner, the boom 3 is raised and extended to lift them, and then the third frame is similarly placed on the lower portion of the second frame 25.
The frame 26 is connected. After being connected in this manner, the lower portion of the third frame 26 is used by grounding, so that a ground plate 26b is attached to the lower end of the third frame 26.

The excavator 30 includes guide rails 23a, 2
The first to third support guides 31a, 31b, 31c are movably supported up and down along the leader frame 20 by first to third support guides 31a, 31b, 31c movably mounted up and down with respect to 5a, 26a. For example, as shown in FIG. 2B, the first support guide 31a is attached so as to sandwich the guide rail 23a, and is movable on the guide rail 23a.

A power swivel 33 is pivotally mounted on the first support guide 31a, and a support member 32 pivotably connected to the power swivel 33 is mounted on the power swivel 33. A moving sheave 32a is rotatably attached to the member 32. The power swivel 33 is composed of a hydraulic motor and a speed reducer, and hydraulic hoses and tubes 57a, 57b, 57c for supplying drive hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic motor are connected to the power swivel 33 as shown. This hydraulic pressure is applied to the vehicle body 1b.
It is supplied from a hydraulic power unit (not shown) disposed in the inside.

An air swivel 35 is connected below the power swivel 33 via a connecting tube 34. The air swivel 35 is supported by the leader frame 20 via the second support guide 31b. The air swivel 35 is rotatably supported by the second support guide 31b.

The air swivel 35 is connected to the lubricator 5 via air hoses and tubes 54a, 54b, 54c.
2 and further from the lubricator 52 to the air compressor 50 via the air hose 51. For this reason, the compressed air supplied from the air compressor 50 is sent to the lubricator 52, where lubricating oil is mixed in a mist state, and then supplied to the air swivel 35. The lubricator 52 is provided with an on / off valve for controlling on / off of the supply of the compressed air, and an operating device 53 for remotely controlling the operation of the on / off valve is provided with the lubricator 52.
It is arranged above.

A lower portion of the air swivel 35 has a discharge port 36 for discharging slime (a mixture of earth and sand and oil) generated by excavation to the outside, and a pipe P is screwed and attached to a lower end by a taper screw or the like. I have. The pipe P is rotatably supported at an intermediate portion by a third support guide 31c.

A connecting rod 38 extends downward from the inside of the air swivel 35 through the inside of the pipe P, and an air hammer excavator B is attached to the lower end of the connecting rod 38 as shown in FIG. . The connecting rod 38 has a passage for guiding the compressed air supplied to the air swivel 35 to the air hammer excavator B, and the compressed air drives the air hammer excavator B. The drive shaft of the power swivel 33 extends inside the connection tube 34 and is connected to the connection rod 38. The power swivel 33 drives the entire air hammer excavator B via the connection rod.

As shown in FIG. 3, the air hammer excavator B comprises an air hammer mechanism 40, a hammer rod 41 vertically moved by the air hammer mechanism 40, and a drill bit 42 connected to the lower end of the hammer rod 41. Be composed. The air hammer mechanism 40 continuously vibrates the drill bit 42 up and down via the hammer rod 41 by compressed air. A plurality of protrusions 42 a are provided on the lower surface of the drill bit 42, and the protrusion 42
a continuously collides with the ground, and gives a striking vibration to crush the ground. At this time, the power swivel 33 simultaneously rotates the entire air hammer device B gently.
The collision position of a changes according to this rotation, and the ground is gradually excavated into a cylindrical shape.

The air supplied to the air hammer mechanism 40 to move the excavating bit 42 up and down is blown to the lower surface of the excavating bit 42, and the recess 42b on the side surface of the excavating bit 42 is provided.
Flows upward through the space surrounded by the outer peripheral surface of the air hammer mechanism 40 and the connecting rod 38 and the inner peripheral surface of the pipe P, and flows out of the discharge port 36 to the outside. At this time, the lubricating oil mixed into the compressed air performs a lubricating action on the collision portion between the projection 42a and the ground, and mixes with the excavated earth and sand to form slime, thereby preventing the crushed earth and sand from scattering as dust. I do. The slime is discharged to the outside through the discharge port 36 together with the compressed air.

The excavation bit 42 is constructed so as to be able to expand and contract (foldable) in the radial direction. When the excavation bit 42 is rotated in the excavation direction by the power swivel 33, the excavation bit 42 expands to the state shown in FIG. Drill a hole slightly larger than the outer diameter of P. When the excavation is completed, when the excavation bit 42 is rotated in the reverse direction by the power swivel 33, it is folded and reduced in the radial direction, and the outer diameter of the pipe P
Smaller than the inner diameter of Therefore, after removing the screw connection between the pipe P and the air swivel 35, the entire excavator 30 is pulled up, leaving only the pipe P in the ground and excavating the excavator 30.
Can be removed. As a result, the well can be excavated in a form in which the pipe P is buried vertically.

As described above, the air hammer excavator B
When excavation (cutting) is performed, it is necessary to lower the entire excavator 30 according to the cutting. This descent control is performed by controlling the operation of the main winch 10 and controlling the feeding of the main wire 12. In this apparatus, the descent control of the excavator 30, that is, the main winch 10 according to the excavation is performed. Is automatically controlled to feed the main wire 12.

For the automatic descent control, a tension detecting mechanism 60 for detecting the tension of the main wire 12 is mounted on the base end boom 3. This tension detecting mechanism 60
As shown in FIG. 4, two fixed sheaves 61, which are rotatably mounted on the base end boom 3a at predetermined intervals,
62, a floating link member 63 pivotally supported coaxially with the rotation shaft 62 a of the fixed sheave 62, a floating sheave 64 rotatably attached to one end of the floating link member 63, and a floating link member 63 at the other end of the floating link member 63. Connected connecting rod 66
And a return spring 65 that pulls the floating link member 63 clockwise in the figure.

As shown, the main wire 12 is arranged so as to be pressed by the floating sheave 64 between the fixed sheaves 61 and 62, and the pressing force of the floating sheave 64 is set by the return spring 65. You. The connecting rod 66 is composed of two rod members 66a and 66c and a spring damper 66b located therebetween, and is connected to the spool 71 of the descending control valve 70.

Here, when the tension of the main wire 12 is large, the floating sheave 64 is pulled up by this tension, and the floating link member 63 is rotated counterclockwise to rotate the spool of the descending control valve 70 via the connecting rod 66. 71 is pulled. Conversely, when this tension is small, the floating sheave 64 is pushed in by the urging force of the return spring 65,
The floating link member 63 is rotated clockwise to rotate the spool 7.
1 is pushed.

The automatic lowering control is performed by controlling the spool 71 of the lowering control valve 70 according to the tension of the main wire 12.
It is performed based on the movement of. The overall drive control of the winch motor 14 of the main winch 10, including this automatic lowering control, will be described with reference to the circuit diagram of FIG.

The winch motor 14 is connected to a hydraulic source (hydraulic power unit) 79 and a tank via oil passages 91 and 92 and a winch control valve 77, and the hydraulic source 7
The operation of the winch motor 14 is controlled by controlling the supply and discharge of hydraulic oil from the motor 9 through a winch control valve 77. The spool 77a of the winch control valve 77 is connected to the winch operation lever 78 and the winch operation actuator 80, and the operation of the winch control valve 77 is controlled according to the manual operation of the operation lever 78 or the operation of the actuator 80.

The winch operating actuator 80 comprises an air cylinder, and the air pressure source 8 is controlled by an air control valve 85.
The air supply / discharge control from the control unit 7 is performed. In addition,
The operation of the air control valve 85 is performed by controlling the energization of the left and right solenoids 86a and 86b by the controller 95. The winch operating lever 78 is provided with a limit switch 84 that detects the operation of the winch operation lever 78 when the winch operation lever 78 is operated in the downward direction. A detection signal of the limit switch 84 is output to the controller 95.

Oil passages 91 and 9 connected to winch motor 14
2 is provided with a counterbalance valve 75. Further, in the oil passage 91, an electromagnetic on / off valve 72 and the above-mentioned descending control valve 70 are arranged in parallel. The operation of the electromagnetic on / off valve 72 is controlled based on a signal from the controller 95. The controller 95
Is connected to a remote control operation device 90. As shown in FIG. 1, when an operator M operates the remote control device 90 on the ground, an operation signal is input to the controller 95, and the controller 95 responds to each operation. Is performed.

The operation of the device having such a configuration will be described.
First, a case where the lifting operation of the excavator 30 is manually controlled will be described. In this case, the operator operates the winch operation lever 78 to perform control. For example, when the operation lever 78 is operated in a downward direction (rightward in the figure),
First, the limit switch 84 detects this operation, and outputs a detection signal to the controller 95. Upon receiving this signal, the controller 95 sends a drive signal to the electromagnetic on / off valve 72 to open the valve 72. As a result, the oil passage 91 is opened, and the winch control valve 77 supplies the operating oil from the hydraulic pressure source 79 to the winch motor 14 through the oil passage 91 by operating the operating lever 78 in the downward direction, thereby driving the winch motor 14. Let it. By this drive, the main wire 12 is paid out from the drum 11 of the main winch 10, and the excavator 30 descends.

Conversely, when the operator operates the operation lever 78 in the upward direction, the winch operation valve 77 supplies the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pressure source 79 to the winch motor 14 via the oil passage 92, and rotates the winch motor 14 in the reverse direction. Drive. Thereby, the main wire 12 is wound around the drum 11 of the main winch 10, and the excavator 30 is raised.

In the above, the case where the winch operation lever 78 is directly operated manually has been described. However, this can also be performed by operating the remote control device 90. The device 90 is provided with an operation switch.
When the operation switch is operated to the lower position, a lower operation signal is input to the controller 95, and the controller 95 excites the right solenoid 86a of the air control valve 85 to move the valve 85 to the left, and the rod side air Air pressure is supplied to the chamber, and the rod 81 is moved to the right.
As a result, the winch operating lever 78 is operated in the downward direction, the winch motor 14 is driven in the same manner as described above, the main wire 12 is fed out, and the excavator 30 descends.

When the operation switch of the remote control device 90 is operated to the up position, an up signal is input to the controller 95, and the left solenoid 86b is excited. As a result, air pressure is supplied to the bottom air chamber of the air cylinder 80, the rod 81 is moved leftward, and the winch operating lever 78 is operated in the upward direction. As a result, the excavator 30 is raised in the same manner as described above.

The operation switches of the remote control device 90 include a neutral position and an automatic lowering position in addition to the lowering and raising positions. At the neutral position, the air control valve 85 is at the neutral position (the position shown), the winch control valve 77 is also at the neutral position, and the winch motor 14 is stopped and held.

On the other hand, when the operation switch is switched to the automatic lowering position, the controller 95 which has received the signal corresponding to this position forcibly turns off the solenoid 73 of the electromagnetic on / off valve 72 and closes the valve 72. At the same time, the right solenoid 86a of the air control valve 85 is excited to supply the air pressure of the air pressure source 87 to the rod-side air chamber of the actuator 80 to move the rod 81 to the right and the winch control valve 77 to the right. At this time, the operation lever 78 also moves to the right and the limit switch 84 is turned on, but the controller 95 keeps the solenoid 73 of the electromagnetic on / off valve 72 turned off even when receiving the on signal.

Thus, the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pressure source 79 is supplied from the winch control valve 77 to the oil passage 91. At this time, since the electromagnetic on / off valve 72 is forcibly closed as described above, hydraulic oil flows through the descent control valve 70. Here, the spool 71 of the descending control valve 70 is connected to the connecting rod 66c of the tension detecting mechanism 60 as described above, and its operation is controlled according to the tension of the main wire 12.

For example, when the excavator 30 is suspended from the main wire 12 in a suspended state, the entire weight of the excavator 30 is applied to the main wire 12 and the tension thereof becomes maximum. At this time, the floating sheave 64 is pulled up by this tension, the floating link member 63 is rotated counterclockwise, and the spool 71 of the descending control valve 70 is pulled out to the right. Therefore, the descending control valve 70 is opened, the hydraulic oil is supplied to the winch motor 14 via the oil passage 91, and the winch motor 14 is driven. By this drive, the main wire 12 is fed from the drum 11 of the main winch 10, and the excavator 30 descends.

When the lower end of the excavator 30, that is, the excavator bit 42 comes into contact with the ground, the excavator 30 is supported by the ground, so that the tension of the main wire 12 is reduced. Thus, the floating sheave 64 is pushed in by receiving the urging force of the return spring 65, the floating link member 63 is rotated clockwise, and the spool 71 of the descending control valve 70 is pushed leftward. Therefore, the descending control valve 70 is closed, the winch motor 14 is stopped, and the excavator 30 is also stopped and held at that position. The descent control valve 70 is configured to be gently closed according to the movement of the spool 71, and the descent of the excavator 30 is gently stopped as the tension of the main wire 12 decreases.

When excavation is performed by the excavation bit 42 while the excavation bit 42 is in contact with the ground, the earth and sand on the lower surface side of the excavation bit 42 is excavated and removed, and the excavation bit 42 rises from the ground. Thereby, the main wire 12
As the tension increases, the lowering control valve 70 is opened again, and the drilling rig 30 is lowered until the drilling bit 42 touches the ground. Hereinafter, such control is continued, and control is performed such that the entire excavator 30 automatically descends in accordance with excavation of the excavation bit 42.

In the example explained above, the tension detecting means is constituted by using the floating sheave and the floating link.
As the tension detecting means, the tension of the main wire may be directly detected, and the operation of the descending control valve may be electrically controlled according to the tension. In the above example, a hydraulic motor is used as a drive motor for the main winch, and the automatic descent control is performed by controlling the supply of hydraulic oil to the hydraulic motor according to the tension of the main wire. An electric motor may be used as the driving motor, and the supply of the driving power to the electric motor may be controlled according to the tension of the main wire to perform the automatic descent control.

[0043]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The descent control means controls the feeding of the wire to lower the excavation means when the tension of the wire detected by the tension detection means is equal to or more than a predetermined value, and to stop the driving of the driving means when the tension is less than the predetermined value. To do so,
When excavation is performed by the excavating means suspended from the wire, the excavating means can be automatically lowered by automatically feeding out the wire in accordance with the increase in tension according to the excavation. Therefore, there is no need for the operator to control the lowering of the excavating means during the excavation work, and the burden on the operator can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a well drilling work vehicle provided with an automatic descent control device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view and a cross-sectional view showing a leader frame used in the drilling work vehicle.

FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view showing the air hammer excavator attached to a lower end of a pipe.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a tension detecting mechanism constituting the automatic descent control device.

FIG. 5 is a winch motor drive control circuit diagram showing a configuration of the automatic descent control device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 swivel base 3 telescopic boom 10 main winch 12 main wire 20 leader frame 30 excavator 33 power swivel 35 air swivel 40 air hammer mechanism 42 drill bit 50 compressor 52 lubricator 60 tension detection mechanism 70 descent control valve

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E21B 44/00 E21B 3/02 E21B 19/08

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A supporting means having a hoisting device, a wire fed from the hoisting device and hanging from an upper portion of the supporting means, and an upper end is locked by the wire and suspended vertically. A long excavating means, a driving means for driving the hoisting device, a tension detecting means for detecting a tension acting on the wire in a state where the excavating means is suspended, Descent control means for controlling the drive of the drive means in response to the descent of the excavation means. The descent control means, when the tension detected by the tension detection means is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, The driving means is driven in a direction in which the excavating means is lowered, and the driving of the driving means is stopped when the tension is equal to or less than a predetermined value. Dynamic descent control device. 2. The descent control device according to claim 1, wherein the hoist includes a drum on which the wire is wound, a drive motor for driving the drum to rotate, and an operation unit for controlling power supply to the drive motor. Means is disposed in a power supply line from the operation operation means to the drive motor and controls connection and disconnection of the power supply. When the tension is equal to or more than a predetermined value, the descent control means controls the power supply line. The power supply via the power supply line is cut off by the descent control means when the tension is less than a predetermined value. An automatic descent control device for the suspended well machine described in the above.