JP2945585B2 - Suspension device for verticality measurement and verticality measurement device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for measuring the verticality of a cylindrical body such as a retaining pile for forming a retaining wall or a support pile for supporting an upper structure on a supporting ground underground. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the verticality of such a pile has been measured.
The operator measures the stake and measures its posture, or
A method has been adopted in which a device for measuring the posture of the peripheral surface of the pile is attached to the peripheral surface of the pile and the posture is measured. On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 3-127084 (JP-A-4-353121)
As shown in the figure, a light source is provided at the bottom portion of the measurement hole provided along the pile body, and light emitted from this light source is detected from the upper end opening at the other end of the measurement hole, and the vertical direction of the pile is measured. (Japanese Patent Application No. 4-67782 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-272947)).

[0003]

However, in the method by eye measurement, the measurement is inaccurate. On the other hand, in the method of detecting the posture of the peripheral surface of the pile, it cannot be detected from the posture of the detection site. In other words, when the pile is formed by connecting a plurality of pipes in the axial direction by welding, it is only possible to check the general posture of the entire pile, rather than to check the posture of each individual pipe. is there. On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application No. 3-12
In the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 7084 and Japanese Patent Application No. 4-67782, since the light source inserted into the measurement hole is located at the lower end of the hole, the posture state of the pile at an arbitrary depth cannot be grasped. Further, when measuring the verticality by the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 4-67782, it is necessary to swing the entire image pickup means around the center of the cross section of the upper end of the hole. There is a problem with reproducibility. An object of the present invention is to provide a device which can easily detect the verticality of a cylindrical body arranged in a substantially vertical direction, and can automatically perform the detection.

[0004]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a suspension apparatus for measuring verticality, wherein the suspension apparatus is provided at a center of a cross section of an upper end of a cylindrical body to be measured. A suspension body that can be suspended and held at an arbitrary depth position by a suspension mechanism from a reference point, and a scattered light source is provided at the center of the upper end surface of the suspension body that becomes an upper end surface in a state of being suspended by the suspension mechanism, A suspension depth detection mechanism that detects a suspension depth that is a separation distance between the suspension reference point and the scattered light source is provided, and extends from an outer peripheral portion of the suspension body and abuts against an inner peripheral wall of the cylindrical body. The scattered light source is provided with a positioning mechanism capable of positioning the scattered light source at a substantially central position of the cross section of the cylindrical body. Further, in this verticalness measuring suspension device, the cylindrical body is a cylindrical cylindrical body having a substantially circular cross section, and the positioning mechanism adjusts an outer peripheral surface having a curvature substantially equal to a curvature of an inner peripheral wall of the cylindrical body. A plurality of overhanging members provided are provided so as to be able to radially overhang from the suspension body main body side in an evenly distributed state in the circumferential direction at an outer peripheral portion of the suspension body, and all of the plurality of overhanging members are at the time of the overhang operation. It is preferable that the scattered light source is provided with a determination unit that determines that the positioning of the scattered light source is normally performed in a state in which the scattered light source is in contact with the inner peripheral wall of the cylindrical body. This configuration relates to the invention of claim 2.
Furthermore, a characteristic configuration of a verticality measuring device according to claim 3 for achieving the above object includes the suspension device according to claim 1 described above, and a measuring-side vertical reference point as the suspension reference point. An image capturing device provided with a vertical device capable of confirming a vertical line extending from the light source deviation detecting means for detecting a light source deviation that is a horizontal separation distance between the vertical line and the scattered light source, The apparatus may further include a verticality detecting unit that obtains the verticality of the cylindrical body from the suspension depth and the light source deviation. Further, in the verticality measuring device according to claim 3, the image capturing device includes:
An optical mechanism capable of setting the vertical line as an optical axis, and capable of obtaining a focused image of the scattered light source disposed inside the cylindrical body outside the cylindrical body, The light source deviation detecting means is located on the imaging side horizontal plane at the height position where the in-focus image is obtained in the vertical direction, and the imaging side vertical reference point vertically above the measurement side vertical reference point, and Image processing means for obtaining a focused image deviation detecting means for obtaining a focused image deviation which is a horizontal separation distance from a focused image, and deriving the light source deviation from the optical characteristics of the optical mechanism from the focused image deviation. It is preferable to be provided. This configuration relates to claim 4. And the operation and effect are as follows.

[0005]

In the measurement of the verticality in the present application, a line connecting the center of the cross section of the upper end of the cylindrical body arranged in a substantially vertical direction and the scattered light source provided in the suspension device is a reference representing the posture of the cylindrical body. The verticality is confirmed by measuring the angle between the reference line and the vertical line. Here, as the vertical line, for example, a vertical line passing through the center of the cross section of the upper end of the cylindrical body is adopted as a reference in the vertical direction.
By the way, when using the suspension device of the first aspect, the suspension body provided with the scattered light source is suspended from the center of the upper end cross section by the suspension mechanism. Naturally, the suspension direction is along the posture of the tubular body. At a predetermined depth, the descent of the suspension body is stopped, and the scattered light source is brought to the center of the cross section of the cylindrical body at this descent depth by the operation of the positioning mechanism. With this setting,
The above-described reference line that matches the posture of the cylindrical body can be accurately set. Further, the work performed by the worker will be described. A vertical device is separately provided above the upper end opening of the cylindrical body, and the collimation center of the vertical device is aligned with the center of the cross section of the upper end of the cylindrical body. Then, when the vertical device is removed from the eyepiece side, the position of the scattered light source can be detected as a deviation from the collimation center (a deviation in the horizontal direction). The verticality can be obtained from the deviation, the characteristics of the optical system of the vertical device, and the suspension depth separately obtained by the suspension depth detection mechanism. That is, the suspension device for verticality measurement of the present invention can provide a good posture representative reference line for measuring the verticality at an arbitrary depth position.

Here, if the configuration according to claim 2 is adopted, the scattered light source is appropriately centered in the cylindrical body by the operation of uniformly projecting the plurality of projecting members.
Furthermore, by providing the determination means, it is good to determine whether the positioning of the scattered light source is accurately performed, and in the case of failure, to confirm that the appropriate reference line has not been set The center can be determined again.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a verticality measuring apparatus including the above-described suspension apparatus, and an image capturing apparatus incorporating a vertical unit which must be separately prepared for this apparatus, and a light source deviation detecting means. And a verticality detecting means. Then, from the above-described suspension device, detection information that is the separation distance of the scattered light source from the center of the upper end cross section of the cylindrical body is obtained. On the other hand, from the light source deviation detecting means, a vertical line passing through the center of the upper end cross section which is a suspension reference point and a vertical reference point on the measurement side and a light source deviation which is a separation distance from the scattered light source can be obtained. As a result, the verticality of the cylindrical body can be obtained by the verticality detecting means using the information of both.

Further, in the verticality measuring apparatus according to the fourth aspect, the above-mentioned light source deviation is obtained from the separation information from the vertical line in the horizontal direction of the focused image of the scattered light source obtained on the image capturing device side. That is, the image capturing device is provided with an optical mechanism, and a focused image of the scattered light source is obtained on a horizontal plane on the imaging side. The distance between the in-focus image and the vertical line is detected by the in-focus image deviation detecting means as the in-focus image deviation. Further, from the in-focus image deviation, the light source deviation described above is obtained by the image processing means.
With such a configuration, when obtaining the light source deviation, this can be automatically performed on the outer side of the cylindrical body.

[0009]

Therefore, when the suspension apparatus for measuring verticality and the verticality measuring apparatus of the present invention are used, the verticality of the cylindrical body can be measured at an arbitrary depth. For example, even when the stake is bent at a specific portion, measurement can be performed well as long as the light from the scattered light source enters the image capturing device. Furthermore, as compared with the conventional one, the position of the light source and the detachment of the light source are possible, so that the suspension device as the light emitting device can be used repeatedly. Furthermore, when using a suspension device for verticality measurement and a vertical device in combination, an operation such as visual observation by an operator is required, but when using a verticality measurement device, the measurement is performed on the device side. Therefore, there is no variation in measured values by the measurer, and the work efficiency can be improved.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An outline for measuring the verticality of a pile 2 using the verticality detecting device 1 of the present application will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the steel pipes used as the piles 2 for the pillar column soil retaining wall have an O-joint 3 and a C-joint 4 for obtaining high waterproofness and high construction accuracy. These are fitted together and laid underground 5. Verticality detector 1 of the present application
Is an O-joint 3 as a cylindrical body provided in these steel pipes.
The verticality of the pile 2 is measured to check the verticality of the pile 2. Now, when measuring the verticality of the 0 joint 3, as shown in FIG. 8, the vertical line VL confirmed by the vertical unit 107 provided in the verticality detection device 1 of the present application, and one representative of the O joint 3. By measuring the angle formed between the two reference lines SL, the verticality is obtained. In the measurement described below, a vertical line VL passing through the center P1 (V1) of the upper end section of the O-joint 3 is used as a reference in the vertical direction, and the center P
1 (V1) and the line connecting the lower end cross-sectional center B1
Is used as a reference line SL representative of the posture direction of. Here, as shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6, the center B1 of the lower end section is set by a suspension device 101, which will be described later. It is lowered to the measurement depth in a posture in contact with the inner surface of the joint 3, and then, by the operation of the positioning mechanism 104 provided in the LED capsule 103,
An LED 105 as a scattered light source is provided at the center of the cross section of the O-joint 3.
Is provided, the lower end cross-sectional center B1 is set.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 and 4 show a situation in which the verticality of the steel pipe pile 2 for forming the retaining wall 6 is measured using the verticality detection device 1 of the present application. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the O-joint 3 and the C-joint 4 are welded along the axis of the pile 2 to the outer peripheral portion of the steel pipe pile 2 at a position facing 180 degrees. These are fitted to each other to form the retaining wall 6.
Can be built. And, as shown in FIG.
When the retaining wall 6 is sequentially constructed, the O-joint 3 provided on the steel pipe pile 2 a located at the end of the wall 6 is used for measuring or confirming the verticality of the pile 2. Naturally, the C joint 4 is not fitted to the O joint 3. The O-joint 3 has a substantially circular cross section, as shown in FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 4, the verticality detecting device 1 includes the above-described LED capsule 103 and the LED capsule 10.
A suspension mechanism 102 that can suspend the O-joint 3 from a position corresponding to the center of the cross section of the upper end of the O-joint 3, a mounting table 106 used by mounting the steel pipe 2 to be measured, A possible vertical device 107 is provided. The vertical unit 107 is configured as a telescope equipped with a vertical collimating automatic level (not shown), and has a light source (LE in the present case) in the field of view with its optical axis directed vertically.
D105) is provided. By the way, on the upper side of the vertical unit 107, a CCD
An imaging device 108 including a camera is provided, and an imaging surface provided in the imaging device 108 is horizontal. And the horizontal position of the collimation center of the vertical device 107 described above,
The horizontal position of the focused image a of the LED 105 is configured to be detectable on the imaging surface. That is, the image capturing device 109 is constituted by the vertical device 107 and the imaging device 108 directly connected thereto. Further, the verticality detection device 1 includes a processing device 110 for information processing and device control, and also includes a display device 111 for displaying a measurement result such as the verticality obtained by the processing device 110.

Referring to FIGS. 4 and 7, the configuration of the optical mechanism 112 provided in the image capturing device 109 will be described in detail. The optical system includes an optical system provided in the vertical unit 107 and a CCD as the image pickup device. The optical system of the camera 108 is combined, and an image for confirming the position of the LED 105 can be captured through the combined optical system. As shown in FIG. 7, the optical system on the side of the vertical unit 107 includes an objective lens 113, a focusing lens 114, and an eyepiece 115, and a real image created by the objective lens 113 is focused on a focusing surface by the focusing lens 114. Make an image. This in-focus image is magnified by an eyepiece 115 and converted into a parallel ray by a CCD.
It is passed to the optical system of the camera 108. The optical system of the CCD camera 108 receives the parallel rays and forms a real image on the light receiving surface 116 of the CCD (this surface serves as a reference surface of an imaging target in later information processing and has a horizontal plane). This surface is referred to as an imaging-side horizontal plane L2). Therefore, since the optical system is fixed in this way, CC
The collimation center point on the light receiving surface 116 of D (this is on the vertical line VL passing through the center P1 (V1) of the cross section of the upper end of the O-joint 3) and the focusing on the light receiving surface 116 of the CCD When the distance A2 (referred to as a focused image deviation) from the image a is determined, the actual distance A1 (referred to as a light source deviation) of the LED 105 with respect to the vertical line VL can be determined.

The above is the configuration of the hardware system. Hereinafter, the configuration of the software system will be described. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 8, in the processing device 110, the measurement-side vertical reference point V <b> 1 exists in the imaging-side horizontal plane L <b> 2 at a height position at which a focused image a is obtained in the vertical direction. A focused image that is a horizontal separation distance between the collimated center point as the imaging-side vertical reference point V2 vertically above the center P1 (V1) of the upper end cross section of the O-joint 3 and the focused image a A focused image deviation detecting unit 1101 for obtaining the deviation A2 and an image processing unit 1102 for deriving a light source deviation A1 from the optical characteristics of the optical mechanism 112 based on the focused image deviation A2 are provided. Therefore, the light source deviation detecting means 110 having these means 1101 and 1102 is provided.
3, the light source deviation A1, which is the distance between the vertical line VL and the LED 105 in the horizontal direction, can be detected. Further, in the processing device 110, an O-joint 3 (and a steel pipe 2) is provided based on a suspension depth D described later and the light source deviation A1.
Is provided with a verticality detecting means 1104 for obtaining the verticality (θ). The verticality θ can be obtained by the following equation. θ = arcsin (A1 / D) With the above configuration, the deviation in the horizontal direction of the LED 105 from the vertical line VL is obtained in the order of the focused image deviation A2 and the light source deviation A1 from the information captured by the CCD camera 108. Then, the verticality can be obtained from the relationship with the suspension depth D obtained in advance.

Next, based on FIGS. 4, 5, 6, and 8, the suspension mechanism 102 and the LED capsule 10 described above will be described.
3 will be described. The device 101 is mounted on the mounting table 106 described above.
It is used for the operation of inserting the LED capsule 103 into the O-joint 3. Here, the suspension mechanism 102 is provided with a suspension depth detection mechanism (not shown) so that the suspension depth D can be detected. By the way, LED capsule 103
Is a suspension reference point P1 set at the upper end opening end of the O-joint 3.
A suspension body 1031 that can be suspended from the center P1 (V1) of the upper end section, and a suspension body 103 that becomes an upper end surface when suspended by the suspension mechanism 102.
LED as a scattered light source in the center of the upper end face 1032
105 is provided. Therefore, the above-mentioned suspension depth D is equal to the upper-end cross-sectional center P1 (V1) as the suspension reference point P1 and LE.
The distance from D105. Further, a lens 1033, a light receiving sensor 1034,
A configuration in which a substrate 1035 and the like are provided and optical control can be performed from the upper end side of the O-joint is adopted. Also, this LED
The capsule 103 projects from the outer peripheral portion of the suspension body 1031 and abuts on the inner peripheral wall 30 of the O-joint 3, and the LED 10.
5 is provided with a positioning mechanism 104 capable of positioning the O-joint 3 substantially at the center of the cross section. The positioning mechanism 104 includes a plurality of overhang members 1041 having an outer peripheral surface having a curvature substantially equal to the curvature of the inner peripheral wall 30 of the O-joint 3, and the suspension body 1031.
While preparing for an evenly distributed state in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral part of
It is provided so as to be able to protrude radially from the suspension body main body side. Further, a judging means 1042 is provided for judging that the positioning of the LED 105 is normally performed in a state where all of the plurality of overhang members 1041 are in contact with the inner peripheral wall 30 of the O-joint 3 during the overhang operation. That is, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the overhang member 1041 has an inner wall contact member 1043 having a constant curvature and a support for supporting the inner wall contact member 1043 movably in the radial direction of the O-joint 3. It comprises a member 1044 and a cam follower provided at the base end of the support member 1044. The overhanging member 1041 is formed in the radial direction with the rotation of the cam 1045 provided at the axis of the suspension body 1031. It is configured to be movable. In a normal state, the projecting member 1041 is urged toward the shaft, and
1 takes a retired position in the radial direction. Further, a pair of limit switches 1046 that can detect a specific position between the inner wall surface side of the O-joint 3 and the axis side of the suspension body 1031 are provided below the inner wall contact member 1043. Based on the information, the determination means 1042 determines whether all of the plurality of overhang members 1041 have come into contact with the inner peripheral wall 30 of the O-joint 3, and if the condition is satisfied, LE
It can be determined that satisfactory positioning of D105 has been completed. Further, at a lower end portion of the suspension body 1031, a waterlogging detection device 1037 having a pair of electrodes is provided.

The configuration of the verticality detecting device 1 has been described above, and its implementation will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 Center P of the cross section of the upper end of the O-joint 3 which is the cylindrical body to be measured
1 (V1) as the measurement-side vertical reference point V1,
An image capturing device 109 having a CD camera 108 and a vertical device 107 is set. This stage is called the first stage.
Therefore, in this state, the center P1 (V
A vertical line VL passing through 1) is specified, and an imaging-side vertical reference point (collimation center point) V2 on the imaging-side horizontal plane L2 is set on the vertical line VL. 2. Next, the LED capsule 103 is suspended and held at an arbitrary depth position by the suspension mechanism 102 from the center P1 (V1) of the upper end cross section of the O-joint 3 as the suspension reference point P1. And
The suspension depth D, which is the distance between the center P1 (V1) of the upper end section and the LED 105, is detected. Further, the LED 105 is positioned at the center of the cross-section of the O-joint 3 at the suspended depth position. This operation is performed by the rotation operation of the cam 1045 described above. Then, a focused image a of the LED 105 is obtained on the imaging-side horizontal plane L2. This stage is called a second stage. 3 After the above steps, the processing in the processing device 110 is performed. The process will be sequentially described. A focused image deviation detection unit 1101 calculates a focused image deviation A2 which is a horizontal separation distance between a collimation center point V2 existing in an imaging side horizontal plane L2 and a focused image a of the LED 105. From the in-focus image deviation A2, the light source deviation A1, which is the distance between the vertical line VL and the LED 105 in the horizontal direction, is calculated from the optical mechanism 11
The second optical characteristic is obtained by the image processing unit 1102. This stage is called a third stage, and this process is a process performed by the light source deviation detection unit 1103. 4 Further, the suspension depth D required in the second stage,
The verticality of the O-joint 3 is obtained by the verticality detecting means 1104 from the light source deviation A1 obtained in the third stage.
This stage is called the fourth stage.

[Alternative Embodiment] In the above embodiment, the measurement of the verticality was performed on the pile, but the target object may be an arbitrary cylindrical body.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in the attached drawings.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a construction state of a retaining wall.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a steel pipe pile.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a steel pipe pile.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a situation in which the verticality of a steel pipe pile is being measured.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a suspension body in an O-joint provided side by side with a steel pipe pile.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the suspension body in the O-joint.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of an optical mechanism.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a measurement principle.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 Cylindrical body 30 Inner peripheral wall 101 Suspension device 102 Suspension mechanism 104 Positioning mechanism 105 Scattered light source 107 Vertical unit 109 Image capturing device 1031 Suspension body main body 1041 Overhang member 1042 Discriminating means 1101 Focused image deviation detecting means 1102 Image processing means 1103 Light source Deviation detecting means 1104 Verticality detecting means A1 Light source deviation A2 Focused image deviation D Suspension depth L2 Image-side horizontal plane P1 Suspension reference point V1 Measurement-side vertical reference point V2 Imaging-side vertical reference point VL Vertical line a Focused image θ Verticality

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G01C 9/00-9/36 E02D 13/06 G01B 11/26

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A suspended body that can be suspended and held at an arbitrary depth position by a suspension mechanism (102) from a suspension reference point (P1) set at the center of the upper end cross section in a cylindrical body (3) to be measured. A main body (1031), and the suspension mechanism (10
A scattered light source (1) is provided at the center of the upper end surface of the suspension body (1031), which is the upper end surface in the state of being suspended by (2).
05), a suspension depth detecting mechanism for detecting a suspension depth (D) that is a separation distance between the suspension reference point (P1) and the scattered light source (105), and the suspension body (1031). ) Protrudes from the outer peripheral portion and abuts against the inner peripheral wall (30) of the cylindrical body (3), so that the scattered light source (105) can be positioned at the approximate cross-sectional center position of the cylindrical body (3). A suspension device for measuring verticality, comprising a mechanism (104). 2. The cylindrical body (3) is a cylindrical cylindrical body having a substantially circular cross section, and the positioning mechanism (104) is configured so that the curvature of the inner peripheral wall (30) of the cylindrical body (3) is substantially equal to the curvature of the cylindrical body. A plurality of overhanging members (1041) having outer peripheral surfaces of equal curvature,
The suspension body (1031) is provided so as to be uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction at an outer peripheral portion thereof, and is also provided so as to be able to project radially evenly from the suspension body main body side. A determination means (1042) for determining that the positioning of the scattered light source (105) is normally performed in a state where all of the scattered light source (105) is in contact with the inner peripheral wall (30) of the tubular body (3). The suspension device for verticality measurement according to claim 1, which is provided. 3. A suspension device (101) for measuring verticality according to claim 1, wherein said suspension reference point (P1) is provided.
An image capturing device (109) provided with a vertical unit (107) capable of confirming a vertical line (VL) extending from a measurement-side vertical reference point (V1) as the vertical line (VL) and the scattered light Light source deviation detecting means (1103) for detecting a light source deviation (A1) that is a horizontal separation distance from the light source (105); and the cylindrical body is obtained from the suspension depth (D) and the light source deviation (A1). A verticality measuring device provided with a verticality detecting means (1104) for obtaining the verticality (θ) of (3). 4. The image capturing device (109) can set the vertical line (VL) as an optical axis, and is disposed inside the cylindrical body (3) outside the cylindrical body (3). An optical mechanism (112) capable of obtaining a focused image (a) of the scattered light source (105) provided is provided, and the light source deviation detecting means (1103) is provided with the focused image (1103) in the vertical direction. The horizontal plane (L2) on the imaging side at the height where a) is obtained
Focus image deviation, which is the horizontal separation distance between the image-capturing image vertical reference point (V2) and the image-forming vertical image reference point (V2) which is above the measurement-side vertical reference point (V1). (A
2) a focused image deviation detecting means (1101) for determining
From the in-focus image deviation (A2), the optical mechanism (112)
The verticality measuring apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising an image processing means (1102) for deriving the light source deviation (A1) from the optical characteristics of (1).