JP2964466B2 - How to grow hard turfgrass - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for growing hard turfgrass in a shaded area such as an indoor stadium. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of fertilizing hard turfgrass having a high elasticity under a specific artificial light source by applying a siliceous fertilizer in a shaded area.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Natural grass stadiums are preferred for sports such as soccer, tennis, and baseball. However, indoor stadiums have recently increased, and baseball and the like are practiced in artificial grass stadiums. It has become desirable to use natural turf also in indoor stadiums. It is hoped that natural grass will be raised. However, the maximum illuminance of ordinary lighting conventionally used in an indoor stadium is about 2500 lux, and it has been considered difficult to grow natural grass in the indoor stadium. Also, since turfgrass used in the stadium facilities is required to have resilience to tread pressure, it is desired that the turfgrass be a hard turfgrass with high elasticity.

In general, turfgrass is usually used by sowning a flat field in a cultivated, fertilized, and leveled place to form a turfgrass sod, cutting the turfgrass sod, and transplanting it to a predetermined ground. . As another method, there is also known a method of growing turfgrass sods in a paddy rice nursery box using granulated soil obtained by holding a fertilizer component in a soil mineral (JP-A-51-2753).
No. 6). In any case, turfgrass is usually grown under natural light. As an example of using an artificial light source for growing a plant, a fluorescent lamp has been used for raising seedlings in a plant factory, and a fluorescent mercury lamp has been used for a long time in foreign countries for irradiation of photosynthesis-promoting auxiliary light and for extending the photoperiod. In addition, a high-pressure sodium lamp is used as a supplementary light source for growing plant factories and for horticultural greenhouses, and environmental control devices for growing plants such as phytotrons and gross chambers use a spectral energy distribution close to 6500K sunlight. Are being used.

[0004] However, there has been little research on growing natural grass in indoor facilities. When growing grass in an artificial light environment, the growth condition is affected by light quality and light quantity, and the germination rate, root elongation or silicified cells are affected. It is to the extent that the present inventors have clarified that the content of turquoise varies (page 31 of the abstract of the 1993 Shiba Grass Society Spring Meeting). Turf grass for athletic facilities that require resilience to treading has not been grown under artificial light sources. In addition, even in open facilities, there are places where the sunshine hours are extremely short, and in such places, it has been observed that the growth of turfgrass is worse than that of other places with long sunshine hours. .
There is a demand for cultivation of turfgrass with high resilience even in such shaded areas with short sunshine hours.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION As described above, the present invention aims to make it easier for a game such as a soccer or the like to be played in a natural turf stadium in an indoor stadium. It is an object to grow hard turfgrass with excellent recoverability under artificial light sources. Another object of the present invention is to grow hard turf grass with high elasticity under artificial light sources in shaded places such as places where sunshine time is short and growth of turf grass is poor.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies on the effects of artificial light sources on turfgrass and fertilization, and as a result, turfgrass seeded or germinated on a shaded area or shaded area When growing turfgrass by applying a silicic acid fertilizer to the sod transplanted in the area and irradiating it with an artificial light source having a specific wavelength, apply the siliceous fertilizer under natural light or natural light. An increase in the amount of silicic acid contained in the turfgrass leaves compared to the case of growing, the elasticity of the turfgrass increases as the silicic acid content increases, and it is possible to grow hard turfgrass that is highly resilient to treading pressure And arrived at the present invention.
In the present invention, the shaded area refers to a closed facility such as an indoor stadium or a place where the amount of sunlight is extremely small. The present invention applies silicate fertilizer to turfgrass seeds germinated or sown in a shaded area or turfgrass sod transplanted to a shaded area, and a silicate fertilizer is applied in the visible light wavelength range of 400 to 50.
An artificial light source having a large amount of blue light of 0 nm, preferably in a wavelength range of 40 nm;
The present invention relates to a method for growing hard turfgrass, which comprises irradiating an artificial light source having a specific energy of 20 to 25% with a balance of blue light of 0 to 500 nm. It should be noted that growing hard turfgrass using an artificial light source means cultivating turfgrass having greater elasticity than turfgrass grown under the same conditions under natural light, preferably turfgrass having a greater elasticity by 20% or more by the measurement method described later. Means

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In cultivating turfgrass according to the present invention, sowing or sowing turfgrass seeds on a lawn formation is carried out in the same manner as in the case of ordinary outdoors, and a siliceous fertilizer is applied as a fertilizer. Grow by irradiating the artificial light source described above. The turfgrass seeds are mixed with 40 to 60 times by weight of the granular culture soil and 6 to 10 times by weight of water, stored and germinated for 3 to 6 days at room temperature, sown, and covered with the granular culture soil. As the granular culture soil used for the germination treatment, a granular culture soil granulated to a particle size of 0.5 to 1.5 times the major diameter of the turfgrass seed is used. Easy spraying is preferred. In addition, the covering soil is preferably covered with the same granular culture soil to a thickness of 3 to 5 mm. As a fertilizer, a siliceous fertilizer is applied every 20 days, and irradiated with an artificial light source for 16 to 20 hours a day to grow.
Potassium silicate, calcium silicate, magnesium silicate and the like can be used as the siliceous fertilizer.

[0008] As the granular culture soil, fertilizer as an active ingredient is 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 2% by weight.
And pH containing 0.2-4% by weight of humus.
A granulated material adjusted to 5 to 7.5, preferably 6 to 7 is used. The particle size of the granular culture soil is preferably selected and used according to the size of the seed to be sown, preferably 0.5 to 1.5 times the major diameter of the turfgrass seed. More specifically, fertilizer components contained in the granular culture soil are as follows: 0.002-0.005% by weight of nitrate nitrogen, 0.03-0.04% by weight of ammonia nitrogen, about 0.2% by weight of total phosphorus, water-soluble It is preferable to retain 0.04 to 0.08% by weight of potassium hydroxide and 0.02% by weight of fusible magnesium. The retained fertilizer component is gradually released over a period of about one month, so that fertilization of other fertilizers can be omitted or the amount of fertilizer used can be reduced in the early stage of germination and rooting.

[0009] The physiologically effective radiation required for plant growth is said to be in a wavelength range of 300 to 800 nm, and the photosynthetically effective irradiation is in a wavelength range of 400 to 700 nm. In seed germination, irradiation with red light of 660 nm promotes germination, and 735 n
It is known that the far red light of about m cancels the promotion effect. Further, it is generally well known that blue light in the wavelength range of 400-500 nm promotes reproductive growth, and red light promotes vegetative growth. Therefore, the wavelength range 40
Blue light of 0 to 500 nm is preferable for the absorption of silicic acid in the plant, and a high color rendering metal halide lamp can be preferably used as such an artificial light source. When such an artificial light source irradiates the seeding surface with an amount of 3500 to 4500 lux, often 4000 lux for 10 to 12 hours per day, the covering ratio after about 40 days is similar to the case of growing outdoors with natural light. Grows to about 100%. Turfgrass grown by applying siliceous fertilizer forms a resilient hard lawn rich in silicic acid content.

[0010] Further, even after the lawn has grown so that it can be used for competition, it is possible to apply a siliceous fertilizer and artificial light on the lawn surface.
By irradiating an amount of 00 lux for 16 to 20 hours per day, a resilient and tough lawn can be maintained. Therefore, as an illumination light source in a closed facility, the wavelength range 40
An artificial light source containing a large amount of blue light of 0 to 500 nm, preferably a blue light of a wavelength range of 400 to 500 nm has a balance of 20.
Through the use of artificial light sources having specific energy of ~ 25%, and even in existing closed facilities, permanent or mobile such artificial light source lighting facilities can maintain the lawn throughout the year. .

As the siliceous fertilizer, potassium silicate, calcium silicate or a mixture thereof can be preferably used. As seen in the examples described below, the silicic acid content of the turfgrass leaves, when fertilizing and growing a normal chemical fertilizer,
It is less and softer than when growing with no fertilizer.
When silicate grass is fertilized and grown under natural light, the silicic acid content of the turfgrass leaves increases, but the increase is as small as about 20% and the elasticity is only slightly increased. However, when fertilizing a siliceous fertilizer and irradiating and growing with an artificial light source having a large blue light component in a wavelength range of 400 to 500 nm such as a high color rendering type metal halide lamp, the amount of silicic acid contained in the turfgrass leaves is nearly doubled. Turfgrass with almost twice the elasticity is obtained. The fertilizer application amount of siliceous fertilizer
Potassium silicate once-position of the frequency of 20 days, 80~500g / m ² calcium silicate or mixtures thereof, preferably from 100 to 200 g / m ² is used.

When sowing and cultivating turfgrass seeds subjected to germination treatment in a closed facility, the above-mentioned granular culture soil containing 0.01 to 5% by weight of fertilizer as an active ingredient is covered with the above-mentioned granular culture soil to a thickness of 3 to 5 mm. When used in an appropriate amount, the fertilizer in the early stage of growing can be given to turfgrass. Moreover,
Unlike the case of fertilizing with ordinary chemical fertilizers, the retained fertilizer components are gradually released over a period of about one month, so that the absorption of turfgrass silica is hardly hindered. In the case of sown grass, it is preferable to use the above-mentioned granular culture soil as cover soil. Hereinafter, specific examples will be described. In the examples, the content of the silicic acid and the elasticity were determined by the following methods.

[Measurement of Silicic Acid Content] A sample (1-2 g) obtained by pulverizing turfgrass into a dry fine powder is incinerated at 650 ° C. in a crucible, thermally decomposed by adding nitric acid, and perchloric acid is added to produce white smoke. After heating, the residue is diluted with pure water, filtered through filter paper, washed with pure water, and incinerated in an electric furnace to obtain a residue containing silicic acid. Let this be a. The residue containing silicic acid is further heated by adding hydrofluoric acid to decompose silicic acid, to obtain an ash other than silicic acid, and to weigh it. This is set as b, and the content of silicic acid in the sample is obtained by the following equation.

[0014]

(Equation 1)

[Measurement of Elastic Strength] The elastic strength of turfgrass is measured by using an apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-319376 as shown in FIG. A load was applied up to a certain state, and a load (g / cm ² ) of a limit of repulsive force capable of returning to the original state when the load was removed was defined as the elastic strength of the turfgrass. In FIG. 1, 1 is a movable plate for applying a load, 2 is a weight, 3 is turf grass, and 4 is a 1 / 5000a Wagner pot.

[0016]

Example 1 A 1 / 5000a Wagner pot was filled with mountain sand, and 0.6 g (250 grains) of turfgrass variety Tall Fescue was prepared.
0.3 g (120 grains) of berenial ryegrass and 0.2 g (80 grains) of Kentucky bluegrass were mixed and sowed,
Grow indoors for 0 days. In the meantime, the artificial light source was set to an illuminance of 4000 lux and the color rendering improved high-pressure sodium lamp (H
PSL) 360W, high color rendering type metal halide lamp (M
HL) at 400 W for 16 hours / day. Table 1 shows the balance of these specific energies, and FIG. 2 shows the spectral energy distribution of MHL. As a control, it was grown outdoors by natural light. Watering is performed at a rate of 100 ml / pot once every two days, and fertilizers are chemical fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium
%) Used once every 20 days, potassium silicate 50
% And the fertilizer-free plot. In addition, mowing was performed once a week with mowing scissors at a cutting height of 30 mm. On the 60th day after sowing, the last cutting was performed, and the silicic acid of the cut grass was measured. Table 2 shows the results
Shown in

[0017]

[Table 1]

[0018]

[Table 2]

[0019]

Example 2 After cutting the turfgrass grown in Example 1 to 30 mm, the elasticity of the turfgrass was measured. Table 3 shows the results
Shown in

[0020]

[Table 3]

[0021]

According to the present invention, a hard lawn grass with high resilience against treading pressure under artificial light sources is grown in a closed facility such as an indoor stadium or a place with little sunlight. can do. As a result, sports such as soccer that requires natural turf can be easily performed in a closed facility.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a lawn grass elasticity tester used in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing a spectral energy distribution of a high color rendering halide lamp.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Movable board which applies a load 2 Weight 3 Lawn grass 4 1 / 5000a Wagner pot

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) A01G 1/00 301 A01G 7/00 601

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method in which a siliceous fertilizer is sprayed on turfgrass sowed and germinated or sown in a shaded area or turfgrass sod transplanted on the shaded area, having a wavelength range of 400 to 500 nm.
A method for growing hard turfgrass characterized by irradiating with an artificial light source having a balance of specific energy of 20 to 25% . Wherein in claim 1 under Kagechi is within closed facilities
The method of growing turfgrass described . 3. The irradiation amount of the artificial light source is 3500-4500.
The method for growing turfgrass according to claim 1 or 2 , which is lux.