JP3027821B2 - Pest control agent - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an insecticide, and more particularly to an insecticide for controlling insects such as termites generated in buildings.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, when termites are generated in a wooden house or the like, the woody parts of the pillars or the like are eroded and the durability of the house is impaired. Disinfection treatment is performed to prevent the occurrence of termites.

[0003] In addition, pests such as homes may collectively occur in buildings, and even in such a case, a strong disinfectant is sprayed to control the pests.

[0004]

Since the insecticide used in this way is a powerful chemical substance, it is toxic to humans and livestock. It is necessary to prevent the adverse effects of the substance, and careful handling of the chemicals is required in the treatment.

[0005] In addition, if such chemically strong chemicals are mixed into groundwater during the treatment, environmental destruction may be caused. For this reason, it is required that the chemicals be handled carefully. .

[0006] The present invention has been made based on such a background, and an object of the present invention is to provide a pesticidal agent which has a sufficient pest control ability even though it is not as potent as the conventional ones. However, the purpose of the present invention is to facilitate the handling of the medicine accompanying the processing operation.

[0007]

In order to achieve this object, a first aspect of the present invention relates to a coal ash produced by subjecting coal ash to hydrothermal synthesis by adding water and sodium hydroxide. It is made of a solid.

[0008]

According to the pesticidal composition of claim 1, since the solidified coal ash has a humidity control property, the humidity of the space in which the pesticidal composition is installed can be kept in a dry state unsuitable for the pest inhabitation. .

Therefore, in the space where the insecticide is applied, the pests are difficult to inhabit, and the number of the pests inhabiting the space is reduced, and even if the pests inhabit, the pests have low vitality It will live in a state.

[0010] At the same time, the solidified coal ash has a relatively weak insecticidal component and exerts its medicinal effects on the pests in a state of weak vitality. .

That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention,
It is possible to provide a pesticidal agent that has a sufficient pest control ability even though it is a less potent drug than before.

Further, since the medicine is not as powerful as the conventional one, it is not necessary to be careful in handling the medicine during the processing operation, and the handling can be facilitated.

[0013]

Embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, referring to FIGS. 2 to 5, each method for producing the pesticide according to the present invention will be described. The coal ash used in each case is as follows.

That is, the coal ash used in each of the following embodiments is so-called fly ash collected from flue gas of a coal boiler of a coal-fired power plant by an electric dust collector.

The average particle size of the coal ash is about 24 to 2
The particle size distribution is as shown by a broken line in FIG.

The chemical composition of this coal ash is SiO ₂ 6
1.0% and Al ₂ O ₃ 22.8% (% by weight) as main components.

In the method for producing a pesticide shown in FIG. 2, 7000 g of such coal ash is collected, and 15 liters of water and 875 g of sodium hydroxide are added thereto.

Thereafter, these mixtures are placed in a hydrothermal synthesizer at, for example, 180 ° C. for 1 hour at 300 rpm. p.
Rotate at m for hydrothermal synthesis.

This is filtered, further added with 40 liters of water, washed, filtered again, and the obtained solid content is dried to obtain a solidified coal ash as a pesticide. In addition, the coal ash solidified body thus obtained is referred to as Na-1 powder for the purpose of distinction below.

In the method for producing a pesticide shown in FIG. 3, 2.8 liters of water and 875 g of sodium hydroxide are added to 7000 g of coal ash and kneaded by a kneader. The product is subjected to hydrothermal synthesis in a hydrothermal synthesizer.

The kneaded material subjected to the hydrothermal synthesis treatment is crushed to a size of, for example, 10 mm or less, and washed and filtered by adding 40 liters of water. The solid content thus obtained is dried and then classified according to particle size.
Fine particles having a diameter of not more than mm are directly used for the solidified coal ash as a pesticide. The solidified coal ash obtained in this manner is hereinafter referred to as Na-2 granular for distinction.

In this embodiment, as described above, Na
-2 granular coal ash solidified into fine particles having a particle size of 0.2 mm or less. However, in order to increase the yield of the Na-2 granular coal ash solidified, fine particles having a particle size of 10 mm or less are used. It may be.

In the method for producing a pesticide shown in FIG. 4, 1200 g of slaked lime is added to 6000 g of coal ash as described above.
And 15 liters of water and 120 g of sodium hydroxide are added thereto, and a hydrothermal synthesis process is performed by a hydrothermal synthesizer in the same manner as described above.

Steps such as filtration, washing, and drying after the hydrothermal synthesis are the same as those in FIG.

The solidified coal ash obtained by this production method is similarly used as a pesticide, and is hereinafter referred to as Ca-1 powder for distinction.

In the method for producing a pesticide shown in FIG. 5, 1200 g of slaked lime is added to 6000 g of coal ash as described above.
Is added, and 2.8 liters of water and 120 g of sodium hydroxide are added and kneaded, and the kneaded product is similarly subjected to hydrothermal synthesis using a hydrothermal synthesizer.

The kneaded material subjected to the hydrothermal synthesis treatment is 10 m
It is crushed to a particle size of m or less, washed with 40 liters of water, washed and filtered, and the solid content is dried to obtain a solidified coal ash as a pesticide. This solidified coal ash is hereinafter referred to as Ca-2 granular for distinction.

The chemical components of each solidified coal ash produced as described above are shown in Table 1 in terms of% by weight. A large amount of sodium hydroxide is used for the production of Na-1 powder and Na-2 granules, as described above. Since sodium is present only and is not a deleterious substance, it does not cause any trouble even if it is not carefully handled as before.

[0030]

[Table 1]

The particle size distribution of the solidified coal ash is, for example, as shown by a solid line in FIG. 6 in the case of Na-1 powder, and the bulk specific gravity of each solidified coal ash is as shown in Table 2. .

[0032]

[Table 2]

Further, for each of these solidified coal ash bodies, the hygroscopicity (the ability to absorb moisture in the air) or the humidity control (the ability to repeatedly absorb and release moisture in the atmosphere to achieve a constant humidity) is determined. For this purpose, ion exchange capacity and BET specific surface area, which are generally considered to be related to these properties, were measured.

That is, the ion exchange capacity is measured in accordance with the zeolite test method of the Ordinance for Enhancement of Ground Force, and the BET
The specific surface area was measured by a nitrogen gas adsorption method using gas chromatography.

As a result, the measured values of the ion exchange capacity and the BET specific surface area of the above four types of solidified coal ash are shown in Table 3.

[0036]

[Table 3]

From the results shown in Table 3, it is shown that each of the solidified coal ash has hygroscopicity and humidity control.

Therefore, for these solidified coal ash,
In order to actually confirm the humidity control property or the hygroscopic property, the following experiment was performed on each of the solidified coal ash.

That is, the above four types of solidified coal ash are
After drying all in a drying room at 110 degrees Celsius for 1 day, each was stored in a desiccator for 2 days to obtain an initial state. 100 g of each of the solidified coal ash in the initial state was placed in a petri dish to prepare a sample. And weighed once every day for 60 days. At the same time, the indoor temperature and relative humidity were also measured.

The moisture absorption of each solidified coal ash is defined as a percentage of the increase or decrease in weight with respect to the weight of the sample in the initial state, and the moisture absorption of each solidified coal ash is calculated. Daily measurements provided data on moisture absorption.

The relationship between the moisture absorption rate (average value) of each sample thus obtained and the above-mentioned ion exchange capacity or BET specific surface area is as shown in FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 7, a regression line can be drawn between the moisture absorption rate and the BET specific surface area, and there is a correlation.

As apparent from FIG. 8, there is no strong correlation between the moisture absorption rate and the ion capacity because the moisture absorption rate of each solidified coal ash is dispersed.

Therefore, from these results, it can be concluded that the BET specific surface area contributes more to the hygroscopicity of the solidified coal ash than the ion exchange capacity.

On the other hand, the humidity control property of each of the coal ash solidified bodies was evaluated as follows.

That is, the measured value of the weight of the sample is subjected to one-way regression by the least square method for each type of solidified coal ash, and the multiple correlation coefficient and the regression coefficient are calculated for each solidified coal ash. Obtained.

9 to 12 were prepared by plotting a multiple correlation coefficient or a regression coefficient with respect to the ion exchange capacity and the BET specific surface area.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the ion exchange capacity of each solidified coal ash can draw a regression line in both the multiple correlation coefficient and the regression coefficient.

This means that the weight of each solidified coal ash, that is, the amount of water, has a small variation with respect to the ion exchange capacity of each solidified coal ash, and is sensitive to a change in the ion exchange capacity. means.

Since the fluctuation of the water content of each solidified coal ash means humidity control, it is understood that the humidity control of each solidified coal ash has a strong correlation with its ion exchange capacity.

The BET specific surface area of each solidified coal ash shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 is plotted in a dispersed state in both the multiple correlation coefficient and the regression coefficient, and a regression line cannot be drawn.

Therefore, the water content of the solidified coal ash is BE
There is hardly any correlation with the T specific surface area, and the influence on the humidity control of the solidified coal ash is small.

From the above results, it can be judged that the moisture control property of the solidified coal ash contributes more to the ion exchange capacity than to the BET specific surface area.

Therefore, all of these solidified coal ash materials have humidity control properties, but the solidified Na-based coal ash powders such as the above-mentioned Na-1 powder and Na-2 granules have particularly remarkable humidity control properties. it is conceivable that.

Therefore, the above-mentioned ion exchange capacity and BET
For Na-1 powder and Na-2 granules, for which a remarkable effect can be expected from the specific surface area, the amount of water per 1000 cm ^{3 of the} sample is determined from the measured value of the sample weight described above. FIG. 13 was created as an axis.

As shown in FIG. 13, in the case of these Na-1 powder and Na-2 granules, remarkable humidity control can be confirmed.

Further, the Na-1 powder was subjected to an adsorption isotherm test by changing the relative humidity in a closed space under isothermal conditions, measuring the moisture absorption rate in the same manner as described above.

As a result, the moisture absorption / desorption of the Na-1 powder was cyclic at a relative humidity of 52% to 93% as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, according to the result of measuring the moisture absorption rate by installing Na-1 powder in the actual underfloor space of the building, the underfloor space of the building is not a closed space, but a ventilation opening or a gap. It is confirmed that the humidity control function of the Na-1 powder functions within the range of, for example, 52% to 84% of the relative humidity between moisture absorption and moisture release due to the inflow of outside air containing moisture from the outside of the underfloor space through the floor. Was done.

The solidified coal ash having humidity control properties has an insecticidal effect on insect pests, as will be apparent from the results of the experiments described below. Of these solidified coal ash, In the case of Na-1 powder and Na-2 granular, the medicinal ingredient is considered to be mainly Na ₂ O,
In the case of Ca-1 powder and Ca-2 granules, it is considered to be CaO.

As shown in FIG. 15, in the experiment described below, about 10 g of the sample 22 and about 5 g of the pest 5 in the state of the nest 23 were placed in a petri dish 21 having a diameter of about 10 cm.
The above-mentioned Na-1 powder is used for the solidified coal ash as the sample 22, and the termites and general ants are used as pests in consideration of the use of the solidified coal ash. I decided that.

First, in the first experiment, solidified coal ash as a sample 22 and termites as five insect pests in a nest 23 were placed in a petri dish 21, and termites were placed in a space where the solidified coal ash was installed. Was observed.

In this state, the termites were almost in the nest, and occasionally came out of the nest and proceeded to the coal ash solidified body, but quickly retreated and returned to the nest.

After confirming the behavior of the termites, when solidified coal ash was added around the termite nest in the petri dish, all of the five termites escaped from the nest.

When the coal ash solidified body was directly sprinkled on these termites, the movement of the termites gradually slowed down, and after half a day, all five animals died.

From the results of this experiment, it was confirmed that the solidified coal ash had an insecticidal effect on termites.

Next, it was confirmed whether or not the insecticidal effect of the solidified coal ash was effective against ants, and cement and coal having a higher alkaline insecticide effect than the solidified coal ash were used. A second experiment was performed in order to confirm how the ash was compared with coal ash as a raw material of the ash solidified body.

The cement used in the second experiment was ordinary Portland cement, with a PH of 12.29 and a PH of the solidified coal ash of 11.65.

In the second experiment, as in the first experiment, the sample 22 and the pests remaining in the nest 23 were arranged in the petri dish 21.

That is, in this second experiment, five petri dishes 21 of the same shape were prepared, and cement or coal ash was placed as a sample 22 in each of the two petri dishes 21. A termite was added as a vermin to one of the two petri dishes 21 and an ant was added to the other petri dish, and the petri dish 21 containing the solidified coal ash as the sample 22 was observed by putting an ant as a vermin.

In each of the petri dishes 21, the termites or ants hardly approached the sample 22 such as cement, coal ash or solidified coal ash, and were almost in the nest 23.

Thereafter, observation was further continued with the termites or nests 23 mixed with samples 22 of the same kind as those placed in the petri dishes 23.

Even in such a state, the termites and ants in which the sample 22 was cement or coal ash did not slow down and lived after half a day.

On the other hand, four ants of the petri dish 21 in which the sample 22 was a solidified coal ash sluggishly moved, and the four died half a day later.

From the results of the second experiment, the insecticidal effect of the solidified coal ash is not limited to termites, but is also effective for termites.
It was confirmed that the solidified coal ash had a more remarkable insecticidal effect than the strong alkali cement and the coal ash free ash.

Further, in order to confirm the degree of the secular change of the insecticidal effect of the solidified coal ash, the solidified coal ash (Na-1 powder) two years after the production was subjected to sample 22.
In the same manner as above, termites and ants were placed in the Petri dish 23 and observed.

Also in this case, termites and ants as pests in each petri dish 21 did not approach the solidified coal ash at all, and were almost hidden in the nest 23.

After that, when the termites and the nest of ants 23 were mixed with the solidified coal ash and the observation was continued, after half a day, 4 out of 5 termites died and 3 out of 5 termites. The animals died.

From the results of the third experiment, it was confirmed that the insecticidal effect of the solidified coal ash was sufficiently maintained even two years after the production.

The insecticidal effect of the solidified coal ash of Na-1 powder, confirmed in each of the above experiments, is ensured by the relatively weak medicinal Na ₂ O and the like contained in the solidified coal ash. Although this has occurred, as described above, the humidity in the installation space of the coal ash solidified body is adjusted to the dry side, thereby reducing the vitality of the pests, and from the coal ash solidified body to the pests with reduced vitality It is considered that the pest is surely killed by the action of the weak medicinal ingredient.

Therefore, not only the Na-1 powder but also each of the other coal ash solidified bodies described above as a solidified coal ash body has humidity control properties, and has a weak medicinal component such as Na ₂ O or CaO. Therefore, it can be used as a pesticide like the Na-1 powder.

In each of the above experiments, termites and termites were used as insect pests to confirm the insecticidal effect. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be used for homes and other general insect pests.

When such a solidified coal ash is used as a pesticide, it is installed, for example, under the floor of a building as shown in FIG.

That is, in this embodiment, the underfloor space 4 formed between the cloth foundations 3 below the living room floor 2 of the wooden house 1
Inside, the coal ash solidified body 5 is installed as a pesticide.

The cloth foundation 3 forming the underfloor space 4 includes:
Ventilation holes 6 are formed at appropriate intervals as in a conventional wooden house, and the air in the underfloor space 4 can enter and exit through the ventilation holes 6.

[0086] A vinyl sheet 8 is provided over substantially the entire surface of the soil space 7 below the underfloor space 4, and a cushion material 9 made of corrugated cardboard is provided on the upper surface of the vinyl sheet 8. , A solidified coal ash 5 as a pesticide is installed.

The cushion material 9 prevents the vinyl sheet 8 from being damaged, and prevents the vinyl sheet 8 from being damaged.
Is in contact with the lower surface of the bag of the solidified coal ash 5 to prevent the air permeability to the solidified coal ash 5 from being impaired. In some cases, the installation of the cushion material 9 may be omitted.

The solidified coal ash 5 is obtained by enclosing the above-mentioned Na-1 powder in a bag made of nonwoven paper having a moderate air permeability.

In this embodiment, as will be described later, in order to collect data when the solidified coal ash 5 is actually used as a pesticide, the first thermo-hygrometer 11 and the second thermo-hygrometer 11 are used. A second thermo-hygrometer 12 is also installed in the underfloor space 4.

That is, the first thermo-hygrometer 11 is installed at the center of the solidified coal ash 5, and the second thermo-hygrometer 12 is arranged in the underfloor space 4 at a distance from the solidified coal ash 5. Have been.

By comparing the measured values of the relative humidity and the temperature by the thermo-hygrometers 11 and 12,
It has become clear that the solidified coal ash 5 has the following effects.

That is, when the relative humidity in the underfloor space 4 is 50
% To 84%, the measured value of the first thermo-hygrometer 11 is about 3 to 5% smaller in relative humidity than the measured value of the second thermo-hygrometer 12, and the solidified coal ash 5 has a moisture absorbing function. ing.

The relative humidity in the underfloor space 4 is 38% or less.
Between 50%, the measured value of the first thermo-hygrometer 11 is about 1-4% larger in relative humidity than the measured value of the second thermo-hygrometer 12, and the solidified coal ash 5 has a moisture releasing function. I have.

That is, when the solidified coal ash 5 composed of this Na-1 powder is installed in the underfloor space 4 of the wooden house 1, when the relative humidity in the underfloor space 4 is high, it absorbs moisture, and conversely, By releasing moisture when the humidity is low, it has a humidity control property of adjusting the humidity in the underfloor space 4 to an appropriate state.

[0095] Humidity as a condition for the pests such as termites is high, the solidified coal ash 5 has a moisture absorbing function, and the underfloor space is maintained in a dry state. Even when inhabiting, the vitality of the pests is small.

In addition, as described above, this solidified coal ash has an insecticidal effect on pests at the same time and exerts its insecticidal effect after reducing the vitality of the pests. Pest control can be performed reliably even with relatively weak medicinal ingredients.

As described above, when this type of pesticide is installed under the floor of a building, for example, when the coal ash solidified product of the Na-1 powder is used, the area under the floor is 3.3 m.
It is preferable to use a quantity of about 85 kg per ² pieces.

In this embodiment, the solidified coal ash 5 composed of Na-1 powder is disposed on the vinyl sheet 8 because, as described above, the humidity control of the Na-1 powder exceeds 84%. It is difficult to exhibit its performance sufficiently under high humidity conditions, and the moisture rising from the soil 7 is suppressed by the impermeable sheet 8 made of vinyl, so that the coal ash solidified body 5 has a sufficient moisture absorbing function. This is advantageous in that the pests can be exerted, and the pests can be reliably eliminated.

[0099] In the above-described embodiment, the case where Na-1 powder is used as the coal ash solidified body 5 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The solidified coal ash 5 of the present application may be directly installed on the slab 7 of the underfloor space 4.

[0100]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the solidified coal ash has a humidity control property, the humidity of the space in which the pesticide is installed is adjusted to an inappropriate level for the inhabitation of the pests. Can be kept in condition.

Therefore, in the space where the pest control agent is installed, the pests hardly inhabit, and even if the pests inhabit, the pests are in a weakened state.

The solidified coal ash also has a relatively weak insecticidal component containing sodium hydroxide as a main component at the same time, so that the weakened insect pest can be killed with a weaker medicinal effect than before. .

That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention,
It is possible to provide a pesticidal agent that has a sufficient pest control ability even though it is a less potent drug than before.

In addition, since the medicine is not as powerful as the conventional one, it is not necessary to be careful in handling the medicine in the processing operation, and the handling can be facilitated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a building in which a pesticide is installed in an underfloor space.

Fig. 2 Solidified coal ash (Na-1 powder) as a pesticide
FIG.

Fig. 3 Solidified coal ash as a pesticide (Na-2 granular)
FIG.

Fig. 4 Solidified coal ash (Ca-1 powder) as a pesticide
FIG.

Fig. 5 Solidified coal ash (Ca-2 granular) as a pesticide
FIG.

FIG. 6 is a particle size distribution diagram of coal ash and solidified coal ash.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the BET specific surface area and the water absorption.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between ion exchange capacity and water absorption.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between ion exchange capacity and multiple correlation coefficient.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing a relationship between an ion exchange capacity and a regression coefficient.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing a relationship between a BET specific surface area and a multiple correlation coefficient.

FIG. 12 is a graph showing a relationship between a BET specific surface area and a regression coefficient.

FIG. 13 is a graph showing a relationship between a moisture absorption amount and a relative humidity.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a humidity control function by an adsorption isotherm test of Na-1 powder.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing the situation of an experiment for confirming the insecticidal effect on insect pests.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 wooden house 2 floor 4 underfloor space 5 solidified coal ash 7 dirt 8 vinyl sheet 21 petri dish 22 sample 23 nest (pest)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01N 59/06 A01N 61/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pesticide comprising a solidified coal ash produced by subjecting coal ash to hydrothermal synthesis by adding water and sodium hydroxide. 2. The pesticidal composition according to claim 1, wherein the coal ash is subjected to hydrothermal synthesis by adding water and sodium hydroxide together with slaked lime.