JP3050720B2 - How to remove zinc from galvanized steel scrap - Google Patents
How to remove zinc from galvanized steel scrapInfo
- Publication number
- JP3050720B2 JP3050720B2 JP9844693A JP9844693A JP3050720B2 JP 3050720 B2 JP3050720 B2 JP 3050720B2 JP 9844693 A JP9844693 A JP 9844693A JP 9844693 A JP9844693 A JP 9844693A JP 3050720 B2 JP3050720 B2 JP 3050720B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- zinc
- steel sheet
- galvanized steel
- vacuum
- scrap
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、亜鉛めっき鋼板屑を溶
解原料として再利用させるための亜鉛めっき鋼板屑から
の亜鉛除去方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for removing zinc from galvanized steel sheet waste for reusing the zinc steel sheet waste as a melting raw material.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】亜鉛めっき鋼板は防錆機能を備えている
ので、例えば自動車ボディの内外板などに多用されてい
る。これら亜鉛めっき鋼板は、上記ボディ等の生産工程
において、切断、プレス加工等がなされるので、上記生
産工程からは、亜鉛めっき鋼板屑が可成り発生される。2. Description of the Related Art Galvanized steel sheets have a rust-preventing function and are therefore often used, for example, for inner and outer plates of automobile bodies. These galvanized steel sheets are subjected to cutting, pressing, and the like in the production process of the body and the like, so that galvanized steel sheet waste is considerably generated from the production processes.
【０００３】これら亜鉛めっき鋼板屑は溶解原料として
再生利用するにさいして、鋼板屑の表面層にある亜鉛を
除去するようにしたものは、公知である（特開昭６３−
９６２２４号公報）。[0003] In order to recycle these galvanized steel sheet scraps as raw materials for melting, it is known to remove zinc in the surface layer of the steel sheet scraps (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 63-163).
No. 96224).
【０００４】かかる亜鉛めっき鋼板屑の脱亜鉛方法は、
鋼板屑である鉄と亜鉛との蒸気圧の差を利用して分離さ
せており、亜鉛めっき鋼板屑を大気圧下にて７００〜９
００℃に加熱し、さらにショットブラスト処理を施すこ
とにより表面層にある亜鉛を除去して亜鉛除去率ほゞ８
２％のもとで鋼板屑と亜鉛とに分離させ、鋼板屑は溶解
原料として再生利用するようにされている。[0004] Such a method for dezincing galvanized steel sheet waste is as follows.
The steel plate scraps are separated by utilizing the difference in vapor pressure between iron and zinc.
By heating to 00 ° C. and further performing shot blasting treatment, zinc in the surface layer was removed, and the zinc removal rate was about 8%.
Under 2%, steel scrap and zinc are separated, and the steel scrap is reused as a raw material for melting.
【０００５】また、黄銅材から伝導層を備えた黄銅材を
製造するにさいし、原料たる黄銅材を真空加熱した後
に、内部の圧力が不活性ガスによりほぼ大気圧に保たれ
ている放冷室に導き、放冷室内で蒸発する亜鉛成分を不
活性ガスとともに回収室に送り込んで蒸発亜鉛を回収す
るようにしたものも公知である（特公平４−３５５３７
号公報）。In producing a brass material provided with a conductive layer from a brass material, a brazing material as a raw material is vacuum-heated, and then a cooling chamber in which the internal pressure is maintained at approximately atmospheric pressure by an inert gas. Is also known in which the zinc component evaporated in the cooling chamber is sent to a recovery chamber together with an inert gas to recover the evaporated zinc (Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-35537).
No.).
【０００６】かかる黄銅材の脱亜鉛方法は、加熱室内に
て黄銅板を真空加熱して放冷室内で亜鉛を蒸発散乱さ
せ、蒸発亜鉛は大気圧下で回収室内に設けた熱交換器に
より付着、回収させ、製品は伝導層を備えた黄銅材とし
て端子基材等に用いられる。In this method of dezincing a brass material, a brass plate is vacuum-heated in a heating chamber to evaporate and scatter zinc in a cooling chamber, and the evaporated zinc adheres at atmospheric pressure by a heat exchanger provided in a recovery chamber. The product is used as a brass material having a conductive layer for a terminal substrate or the like.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、上記従来の
方法は、亜鉛めっき鋼板屑は大気圧下にて高温度に加熱
されるので、鋼板屑表面は酸化層を形成させるのみなら
ず、亜鉛の酸化をもたらすこととなり、溶解原料として
再生利用するにさいし、障害となるとともに、亜鉛によ
り環境に影響を与えることがあり好ましくない。However, in the above-mentioned conventional method, the galvanized steel sheet waste is heated to a high temperature under atmospheric pressure.
Since the not only the steel sheet scrap surface to form an oxide layer, will lead to oxidation of zinc, upon recycling as raw material for melting, it becomes an obstacle, it may affect the environment by zinc preferably Absent.
【０００８】また、大気圧に保たれた回収室で行なう脱
亜鉛方法では、亜鉛蒸気の平均自由行程が小さくなり散
乱するため、亜鉛蒸気の迅速な捕捉ができず、効率的な
亜鉛除去ができない。そして、真空処理炉の構成部材と
して金属などが用いられて、金属が蒸発亜鉛の融液と接
触される場合、構造部材は著しい腐食を発生させること
がある。[0008] In the dezincification process performed in collection chamber maintained at atmospheric pressure, since as the average free path of the zinc vapor to be scattered small, can not quickly capture zinc vapor, efficient zinc removal Can not. When a metal or the like is used as a constituent member of the vacuum processing furnace and the metal is brought into contact with the melt of the evaporated zinc, the structural member may cause significant corrosion.
【０００９】本発明は、上述した従来技術の問題点を解
決するためになされたものであり、亜鉛めっき鋼板屑
は、真空加熱により鋼板屑と亜鉛とへの分離が促進さ
れ、鋼板屑は主製品として良質な溶解原料に再生でき
て、副生品として金属亜鉛を回収できるとともに、真空
処理炉の構成材料の腐食を有効に防止できる亜鉛めっき
鋼板屑からの亜鉛除去方法を提供することを目的とす
る。The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. Galvanized steel scrap is promoted to be separated into steel scrap and zinc by vacuum heating. It is intended to provide a method for removing zinc from galvanized steel sheet scraps, which can be recycled into high-quality molten raw materials as a product, can recover metallic zinc as a by-product, and can effectively prevent corrosion of the constituent materials of vacuum processing furnaces. And
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】かかる目的を達成するた
めに、本発明では、亜鉛めっき鋼板屑を大気圧にて４０
０〜４５０℃で予熱した後、予熱亜鉛めっき鋼板屑を真
空度０．１６Ｔｏｒｒ以下にて５００〜９００℃で加熱
して亜鉛を蒸発させ鋼板屑と亜鉛とに分離し、更に前記
真空度を維持しつつ、蒸発亜鉛を４００℃以下にて冷却
凝縮、凝固させ金属亜鉛とすることを特徴とするもので
ある。In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, galvanized steel sheet scraps are removed at atmospheric pressure.
After preheating at 0 to 450 ° C., the preheated galvanized steel sheet waste is heated at 500 to 900 ° C. at a vacuum degree of 0.16 Torr or less to evaporate zinc and separate it into steel sheet waste and zinc, and further maintain the vacuum degree. While evaporating zinc is cooled below 400 ° C
It is characterized by being condensed and solidified to form metallic zinc.
【００１１】[0011]
【作用】本発明における用語の定義は以下のとおりであ
る。「蒸発」とは、固相より気相へと状態が変化する昇
華蒸発を定義している。「凝縮」とは、気相より固相へ
と状態が変化する昇華凝縮を定義している。The terms used in the present invention are defined as follows. "Evaporation" defines sublimation evaporation in which the state changes from a solid phase to a gas phase. "Condensation" defines sublimation condensation in which the state changes from a gas phase to a solid phase.
【００１２】前記構成によれば、亜鉛めっき鋼板屑を大
気圧にて４００〜４５０℃まで予熱した後この予熱亜鉛
めっき鋼板屑を真空度０．１６Ｔｏｒｒ以下にて５００
〜９００℃で加熱し、予熱亜鉛めっき鋼板屑の亜鉛めっ
き層の亜鉛は蒸発されて、鉄と亜鉛との蒸気圧の差によ
り鋼板屑と亜鉛とに分離されて脱亜鉛がなされた後、得
られた鋼板屑は大気中で冷却されて、溶解原料として再
利用される。一方、蒸発亜鉛は真空度０．１６Ｔｏｒｒ
以下にて４００℃以下で冷却凝縮、凝固させて金属亜鉛
として回収される。 According to the above construction, the zinc-coated steel sheet waste is preheated to 400 to 450 ° C. at atmospheric pressure, and then the preheated zinc is removed.
Debris of coated steel sheet 500 at vacuum of 0.16 Torr or less
After heating at ~ 900 ° C, the zinc in the galvanized layer of the preheated galvanized steel sheet scraps is evaporated, separated into steel sheet scraps and zinc by the difference in vapor pressure between iron and zinc, and dezincified. The scrap steel sheet is cooled in the atmosphere and reused as a raw material for melting. On the other hand, the evaporated zinc has a degree of vacuum of 0.16 Torr.
Below, it is cooled and condensed at 400 ° C. or lower and solidified to be recovered as metallic zinc.
【００１３】本発明における予熱温度、加熱温度および
凝固温度などの数値の限定理由について説明する。The reasons for limiting numerical values such as preheating temperature, heating temperature and solidification temperature in the present invention will be described.
【００１４】予熱温度：４００〜４５０℃ 亜鉛めっき鋼板屑は、生産工程において油分、水分、ダ
スト等が付着されており、真空加熱に支障を与えるの
で、４００℃以上に予熱されて上記付着物は除去され
る。しかし過大に予熱すると大気への蒸発をもたらす
が、表面に蒸発しにくい酸化亜鉛が増加し、また溶融亜
鉛が鋼板表面より内部へ拡散して真空加熱による亜鉛の
蒸発が抑制されるので４５０℃以下とした。Preheating temperature: 400 to 450 ° C. Galvanized steel sheet scraps have oil, moisture, dust and the like adhered in the production process, which hinders vacuum heating. Removed. However, excessive preheating causes evaporation to the atmosphere, but zinc oxide that hardly evaporates on the surface increases, and molten zinc diffuses inward from the steel sheet surface to suppress evaporation of zinc by vacuum heating, so that it is 450 ° C or less. And
【００１５】真空度：０．１６Ｔｏｒｒ以下予熱 亜鉛めっき鋼板屑は、真空加熱により亜鉛の蒸発は
促進される。しかし０．１６Ｔｏｒｒ以上の真空加熱で
は亜鉛は液相から気相に蒸発されるので、真空処理炉の
構成材料の腐食発生をもたらすために０．１６Ｔｏｒｒ
以下とした。Degree of vacuum: 0.16 Torr or less The preheated galvanized steel sheet scrap is promoted to evaporate zinc by vacuum heating. However, zinc is evaporated from a liquid phase to a gaseous phase in a vacuum heating of 0.16 Torr or more.
It was as follows.
【００１６】加熱温度：５００〜９００℃予熱 亜鉛めっき鋼板屑は、真空度０．１６Ｔｏｒｒ以下
にて５００℃以上に真空加熱され、亜鉛の蒸発による脱
亜鉛が促進され、製品である鋼板屑の残留亜鉛分を僅少
にできる。しかし、過大に真空加熱すると、真空処理炉
における加熱エネルギーならびに冷却工程における冷却
エネルギーの多大な消費をもたらすので９００℃以下と
した。Heating temperature: 500 to 900 ° C. The preheated galvanized steel sheet scrap is vacuum-heated to 500 ° C. or more at a degree of vacuum of 0.16 Torr or less to promote the dezincification due to the evaporation of zinc, and the residual steel sheet scrap as a product. Zinc content can be reduced. However, excessive vacuum heating causes large consumption of heating energy in the vacuum processing furnace and cooling energy in the cooling step, so the temperature was set to 900 ° C. or less.
【００１７】凝固温度：４００℃以下 蒸発亜鉛は、真空度０．１６Ｔｏｒｒ以下にて冷却材を
用いて、凝縮、凝固される。４００℃以上では液相を経
て固相に凝縮されるので真空処理炉、とくに亜鉛回収室
の構成材料の腐食発生をもたらすために４００℃以下と
した。Solidification temperature: 400 ° C. or less Evaporated zinc is condensed and solidified using a coolant at a degree of vacuum of 0.16 Torr or less. At 400 ° C. or higher, it is condensed into a solid phase via a liquid phase.
【００１８】[0018]
【実施例】以下、図面を参照にして本発明の実施例につ
いて説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００１９】図１は、本発明の一実施例を示す系統図、
図２は、同亜鉛および鉄の温度と蒸気圧との関係を示す
線図である。FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the temperature of zinc and iron and the vapor pressure.
【００２０】亜鉛めっき鋼板屑は、大気圧にて４００〜
４５０℃まで予熱されて、予熱亜鉛めっき鋼板屑とされ
た後、この予熱亜鉛めっき鋼板屑は真空加熱されて、亜
鉛めっき層の亜鉛は蒸発されて、鉄と亜鉛との蒸気圧の
差により鋼板屑と亜鉛とに分離されて亜鉛めっき鋼板屑
の脱亜鉛がなされる。得られた鋼板屑は大気中で冷却さ
れて、溶解原料として再利用できる。一方、蒸発亜鉛は
冷却凝縮、凝固されて、金属亜鉛として回収される。[0020] Galvanized steel sheet scrap is 400 to 400 bar at atmospheric pressure.
Is preheated to 450 ° C. steel, after being a preheated galvanized steel scrap, this preheating galvanized steel scrap is vacuum heating, zinc galvanized layers were evaporated, the difference in vapor pressure between the iron and zinc It is separated into waste and zinc, and the zinc-coated steel plate waste is dezinced. The obtained steel sheet waste is cooled in the atmosphere and can be reused as a raw material for melting. On the other hand, evaporated zinc
Cooled, condensed, solidified and recovered as zinc metal.
【００２１】図２において、亜鉛めっき鋼板屑は、７６
０Ｔｏｒｒのもとで状態０より状態１まで予熱された
後、真空処理炉内に装入され、真空度０．１６Ｔｏｒｒ
以下のもとで状態３より融点ＭＰ以上にて斜線にて示し
た状態４範囲まで加熱され、亜鉛のみが蒸発される。鋼
板屑は状態５範囲から真空処理炉外に排出されて状態５
範囲内の状態６より７６０Ｔｏｒｒまで復圧された後、
冷却されて状態８に至り、溶解材料とされる。一方、蒸
発亜鉛は状態９範囲から冷却凝縮、凝固され、状態１０
まで冷却されて７６０Ｔｏｒｒまで復圧されて状態１１
とされて金属亜鉛が回収される。In FIG. 2, the galvanized steel sheet scrap is 76
After being preheated from state 0 to state 1 at 0 Torr, it is charged into a vacuum processing furnace and has a degree of vacuum of 0.16 Torr.
Under the following conditions, heating is performed from state 3 to the range of state 4 shown by oblique lines above the melting point MP, and only zinc is evaporated. The steel sheet waste is discharged out of the vacuum processing furnace from the state 5 range to the state 5
After the pressure is restored to 760 Torr from state 6 in the range,
It cools down to State 8 and becomes a melted material. On the other hand, the evaporated zinc is cooled, condensed and solidified from the range of the state 9 to form
Cooled down to 760 Torr and returned to state 11
And the metallic zinc is recovered.
【００２２】そして得られた鋼板屑の残留亜鉛分は０．
００１％以下であり、また、回収亜鉛の純度は９９％以
上であった。Then, the residual zinc content of the obtained steel sheet scrap is 0.1%.
001% or less, and the purity of the recovered zinc was 99% or more.
【００２３】このようにすれば、亜鉛融液（液相）を発
生させることが回避できて亜鉛めっき鋼板屑から亜鉛を
除去することができるので、真空処理炉の構成材料の腐
食を有効に防止できる。By doing so, it is possible to avoid the generation of a zinc melt (liquid phase) and to remove zinc from the galvanized steel sheet scrap, so that corrosion of the constituent materials of the vacuum processing furnace is effectively prevented. it can.
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば、
亜鉛めっき鋼板屑は、予熱により油分や水分等が除去さ
れ、かつ、酸化亜鉛の増加がないと共に、溶融亜鉛を生
じない状態の予熱亜鉛めっき鋼板屑となり、この予熱亜
鉛めっき鋼板屑は、真空加熱により鋼板屑と蒸発亜鉛と
なる一方、蒸発亜鉛は、冷却凝縮、凝固により液相を経
ることなく固相となるので、鋼板屑と亜鉛とに分離さ
れ、鋼板屑は主製品として良質な溶解原料に再生でき
て、亜鉛は副生品として回収できるととに、真空処理炉
の構成材料の腐食を有効に防止できる等、多大な効果を
奏する。As described above, according to the present invention,
Oil and water are removed from the galvanized steel sheet waste by preheating.
And the production of molten zinc
Preheated galvanized steel sheet scraps remain
Lead-plated steel sheet scraps are separated from steel sheet scraps and evaporated zinc by vacuum heating.
On the other hand, the evaporated zinc passes through the liquid phase due to cooling, condensation and solidification.
Since it becomes a solid phase without being separated, it is separated into steel sheet scrap and zinc, and the steel sheet scrap can be regenerated as a high-quality dissolved raw material as a main product, zinc can be recovered as a by-product, and the vacuum processing furnace configuration It has tremendous effects such as effective prevention of corrosion of materials.
【図１】本発明の一実施例を示す系統図FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】同亜鉛および鉄の温度と蒸気圧との関係を示す
線図FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a relationship between temperature and vapor pressure of the zinc and iron.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 井上 岳彦 千葉県八千代市上高野1780番地 川崎重 工業株式会社 八千代工場内 (72)発明者 岡田 裕二 愛知県豊田市トヨタ町１番地 トヨタ自 動車株式会社内 (72)発明者 藤尾 俊一 愛知県豊田市トヨタ町１番地 トヨタ自 動車株式会社内 (72)発明者 鈴木 和弘 愛知県豊田市鴻ノ巣町３丁目33番地 ト ヨキン株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 平４−346681（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平４−232216（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭48−69703（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭59−43830（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) C22B 19/30 C22B 19/04 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Takehiko Inoue 1780 Kamikono, Yachiyo-shi, Chiba Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Inside Yachiyo Plant (72) Inventor Yuji Okada 1st Toyota Town, Toyota-shi, Aichi Prefecture Toyota Motor Corporation (72) Inventor Shunichi Fujio 1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Inside Toyota Motor Corporation (72) Inventor Kazuhiro Suzuki 3-33 Konosu-cho Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Toyokin Corporation (56) References Special JP-A-4-346681 (JP, A) JP-A-4-232216 (JP, A) JP-A-48-69703 (JP, A) JP-A-59-43830 (JP, A) (58) Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) C22B 19/30 C22B 19/04
Claims (1)
４５０℃で予熱した後、予熱亜鉛めっき鋼板屑を真空度
０．１６Ｔｏｒｒ以下にて５００〜９００℃で加熱して
亜鉛を蒸発させ鋼板屑と亜鉛とに分離し、更に前記真空
度を維持しつつ、蒸発亜鉛を４００℃以下にて冷却凝
縮、凝固させ金属亜鉛とすることを特徴とする亜鉛めっ
き鋼板屑からの亜鉛除去方法。1. A method for removing galvanized steel sheet waste at atmospheric pressure from 400 to
After preheating at 450 ° C., the preheated galvanized steel sheet waste is heated at 500 to 900 ° C. at a degree of vacuum of 0.16 Torr or less to evaporate zinc and separate into steel sheet waste and zinc, while maintaining the vacuum degree. , coagulation cooled evaporative zinc at 400 ° C. or less
A method for removing zinc from galvanized steel sheet scraps , comprising shrinking and solidifying into zinc metal.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9844693A JP3050720B2 (en) | 1993-03-31 | 1993-03-31 | How to remove zinc from galvanized steel scrap |
| IT93MI002618A IT1264993B1 (en) | 1992-12-16 | 1993-12-14 | Removing zinc@ from zinc@-plated steel strip scrap - comprises heating scrap in vacuum heating furnace to vaporise plated zinc, sepg. steel strip and zinc and leading zinc to retrieval chamber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9844693A JP3050720B2 (en) | 1993-03-31 | 1993-03-31 | How to remove zinc from galvanized steel scrap |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06287657A JPH06287657A (en) | 1994-10-11 |
| JP3050720B2 true JP3050720B2 (en) | 2000-06-12 |
Family
ID=14219970
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9844693A Expired - Lifetime JP3050720B2 (en) | 1992-12-16 | 1993-03-31 | How to remove zinc from galvanized steel scrap |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3050720B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6263513B1 (en) | 1999-05-25 | 2001-07-24 | O.G.K. Hanbai Co., Ltd. | Helmet with a ventilating function and ventilating shutter device |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5425486B2 (en) * | 2009-02-09 | 2014-02-26 | 中部電力株式会社 | Zinc separation from zinc steel scrap |
| KR101322071B1 (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-11-04 | 주식회사 포스코 | Method for Recovering Metal Zinc from Material Containing Zinc |
| KR101322129B1 (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-10-28 | 주식회사 포스코 | Method for Recovering Metal Zinc from Material Containing Zinc |
| CN105087958B (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2018-03-13 | 长沙金马冶金设备有限公司 | A kind of method that zinc is reclaimed in the cadmia from plating |
| CN114107679B (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2024-03-19 | 昆明同越科技开发有限公司 | Method for preventing galvanized steel sheet recovery steel sheet from rusting |
-
1993
- 1993-03-31 JP JP9844693A patent/JP3050720B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6263513B1 (en) | 1999-05-25 | 2001-07-24 | O.G.K. Hanbai Co., Ltd. | Helmet with a ventilating function and ventilating shutter device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH06287657A (en) | 1994-10-11 |
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