JP3131566B2 - Protective device that catches falling rocks and absorbs its high kinetic energy - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a protection device for receiving falling rocks, avalanches, etc., and for ensuring the safety of roads and railways, and more particularly to a protection device capable of absorbing high kinetic energy such as falling rocks. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, such a protective device is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-45161. In this conventional apparatus, a protective wall is provided on a plurality of pillars erected through hinges at required locations on the ground, and a plurality of cross beams are vertically arranged and fixed over the pillars to provide a protective wall. A rope is stretched between the rope and a predetermined part of the slope on the mountain side of the protective wall. Such a brake device is provided. In this conventional device, since the protective wall is rigid, the energy of the falling rock received by the protective wall is partially absorbed by the deformation of the columns and the protective wall, but the amount is small, and most of the energy absorption is not. The above-mentioned brake device will be responsible. However, it is difficult to absorb large rock fall energy of 150 to 200 KJ or more only by frictional resistance by tightening the overlapping portion of the rope end, and it cannot be installed in an area where heavy heavy rock may fall.

[0003] Further, as another conventional device, a horizontal rope is stretched over a column fixedly erected at a required portion of the ground, and each horizontal rope is joined with a plurality of rope pieces. There has been proposed a structure in which an overlapping portion is provided at the end of each rope piece, and a buffering device that generates sliding friction with the rope is provided in the overlapping portion. Also in this conventional device, a stay rope is provided on the mountain side, and a brake device is provided in the middle of the stay rope. This brake device also absorbs energy by sliding friction between the rope and the shock absorber.

As described above, also in this conventional device, the energy absorption mainly depends on the sliding friction between the rope and the shock absorber, and the kinetic energy that can be absorbed increases as compared with the above-mentioned conventional device. But at most 400-5
Up to 00KJ.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to easily set kinetic energy to be absorbed in accordance with the situation at the site and to absorb kinetic energy more than can be achieved by the conventional apparatus. And it is possible to obtain such an effect with a relatively simple configuration.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems To solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1 is provided at a required interval over a required length range of an inclined portion requiring protection, and a base portion is provided.
There has a row of posts fixed to the rock mass, which is stretched is ahead rope between the natural ground portion of the top and strut column mountainside of each post, and the valley throughout strut column are spread around, Oh Ri and meshwork held in up and down by holding ropes stretched respectively on the top and bottom of the column is provided between the struts, the ring member the mesh body is the number of ring members, respectively adjacent the inner peripheral side is constituted by interconnected to contact, in a protective device for absorbing the high kinetic energy receiving a falling rock, each supporting the
The base of the pillar is fixed to the ground via a hinge,
A ring member constituting the mesh body winds the wire rod a plurality of times,
Several places in the direction are bundled and fixed by the fastening means
It is composed of
In the middle of the holding rope and / or between the ground and the support
Impact on the ropes
A brake device is provided to absorb energy.
This brake device tightens the overlapped ends.
It has a loop tube fixed by a member,
Is one of the overlapped ends of this loop tube
Enter through the mouth of the part, pass through the loop pipe, and at the other end
And extending from the outside.

[0007] When a net-like body formed by connecting a large number of ring members, that is, a ring net, receives an impact due to falling rocks in the protective device, each ring member is pulled outward at an engagement position with another ring member. For example, the number of engagement points is 4
In the case of a location, the ring member is deformed into a rectangular shape, and the force for deforming the ring member becomes absorbed energy, and the deformation of all the ring members in the ring net between the columns achieves extremely large energy absorption. Further, the transmission of the force from the ring member that has received the direct impact to the surrounding ring members is performed uniformly, and the energy absorption in the entire ring net is performed extremely smoothly. By appropriately selecting the material of the ring member, the thickness of the constituent wires, and the diameter of the ring member, it is possible to easily correspond to the amount of energy to be absorbed.

[0008] The protective device according to the first aspect of the present invention includes:
The ring member constituting the net-like body is characterized in that the wire member is formed by winding the wire material a plurality of times, and binding and fixing the wire material at several locations in the circumferential direction by fastening means. According to this configuration, by appropriately selecting the material, thickness, and number of turns of the wire, it is easy to configure the ring net in accordance with the amount of energy to be absorbed. Also between the columns
In the middle of the holding rope and / or the ground and struts stretched over
Between them in the middle of the retaining rope
Braking device to absorb incoming shock energy
This brake device is
It has a loop tube whose end is fixed by a tightening member.
And the rope is overlapped on both ends of this loop tube.
From one end of the pipe, pass through the loop pipe,
It is characterized in that it extends out of the mouth of the one end. This
Impact energy that cannot be covered by the ring net
Ghee can be removed from the ring net by holding ropes and / or
Spill over to the pump and absorbed by the brake system. Transmission
Rope and / or stays due to impact energy
The tension applied to the rope is
Acts to reduce the diameter of the loop pipe,
The overlapping ends are tightened by tightening members.
Therefore, when the reduction operation of the loop pipe diameter occurs,
Between the loop tube and the tightening member
Energy and the strength of the loop tube itself
Energy absorption and required to reduce the diameter of the loop tube
Power also absorbs energy. This allows the holding rope
And / or do not apply a large load to the stay rope.
Energy can be absorbed smoothly and effectively.

[0009] The protective device according to the present invention described in claim 2 is:
It is characterized in that the wire is a deformed wire having a diameter-enlarging portion at regular intervals. According to this configuration, since the sliding between the wires constituting the ring member is prevented by the enlarged diameter portion, the diameter of the ring member does not increase even when receiving considerable energy, and the shape of the ring member is maintained for a long period of time. Is achieved.

[0010]

[0011]

[0012]

[0013] The protective device according to the present invention described in claim 3 is:
It is characterized in that the anchoring portion of the stay rope to the ground is located at a position off the extension of the support column when viewed from the front of the protective device. With this configuration, the stay rope will extend in an oblique direction with respect to the ring net, and rockfall will collide with the ring net and the net will protrude toward the valley side. When the stay rope is tilted, the action of the brake device provided on the stay rope is promptly provided because the stay rope extends in substantially the same direction as the tilting direction of the column.

[0014] The protective device according to the present invention described in claim 4 is:
The anchor head provided at the anchoring portion of the stay rope to the ground is characterized by being swingable, and this configuration is combined with the anchor head, the extension direction is different.
Even if a tensile force acts on any of the two stay ropes, the direction of the anchor head can be changed following the direction, so that a load other than the tensile load may be applied to the anchor head. The advantages are reduced and the service life is increased.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a protective device according to the present invention as viewed from the front. In an actually installed state, a near side of the paper is a valley side, and a back side of the paper is a mountain side. This is apparent with reference to the side view of FIG.

The protective device has a plurality of metal columns 1, which are erected directly on a concrete foundation 2 placed at a predetermined interval or directly on the ground or rock. Have been. In detail, for example, when a support is erected on the concrete foundation 2, a metal substrate is attached on the concrete foundation 2, and a joint provided at an upper portion of the metal substrate and a joint provided at a lower portion of the support are provided. Are hingedly connected to each other, and the column is supported to be tiltable with respect to the foundation. Tilt is possible in any direction of the valley side and the mountain side,
It can also be performed in oblique directions.

Above the slope of the ground, a retaining rope anchor 3 is fixed to the ground or the bedrock, and the head 4 of the anchor 3 is attached to the ground as shown in FIG.
It is exposed on the ground as shown in. A stay rope 5 is stretched between the anchor head 4 and the upper part of the column 1,
A brake device 6 to be described later is provided on the way. The number of brake devices 6 provided on each stay rope can be changed according to the expected falling energy of the falling rock.

An anchor 7 is also fixed to the ground or the bedrock at the side of the terminal support 1 at both ends, and a lateral upper anchor rope 9 is provided between the head 8 of the anchor and the upper part of the terminal support 1. However, a lower side anchor rope 10 is extended between the lower end of the terminal support 1 and the lower side. When it is expected that the falling energy of the falling rock is large, it is desirable to install the brake device 6 on the anchor rope 9 described above.

An upper support rope 11 is extended at an upper portion between the adjacent columns, and a lower support rope 12 is extended at a lower portion. The ends of each rope are connected to the upper and lower portions connected to the column. The supporting ropes 11 and 12 on the side may be provided in a double form, or may be three or more in some cases. These upper and lower support ropes 11,
12 is also provided with a brake device 6 as described below.
The brake device 6 attached to the upper and lower support ropes 11 and 12 is provided one or more in consideration of the expected falling energy of falling rocks.

A mesh body 13 supported by the upper supporting rope 11 and the lower supporting rope 12 is stretched between adjacent columns. This net 13 is
As shown in FIG. 3, a large number of ring members 13a are connected to each other so that the inner peripheral sides of adjacent ring members are in contact with each other. Although the drawing shows a net-like body using only the circular ring member 13a, a polygonal one having a shape close to a circle may be used, or a combination of a circular one and a polygonal one may be used. It may be a net-like body. Furthermore, it is also possible to form a net by combining a triangular or quadrangular ring member and a circular or polygonal ring, and to form a net by further combining ring members of various shapes. As shown in FIG. 3, the connection between the upper and lower ring members and the upper support rope 11 and the lower support rope 12 is performed by passing each support rope through the ring of the ring member 13a.
This may be performed using a connecting member (not shown) that connects the ring member 13a and the upper and lower support ropes.

As shown in FIG. 4, the ring member 13a is formed by winding a wire a plurality of times, and connecting several places in the circumferential direction to the fastening means 13a.
It is constituted by fixing a wire bundle by b.
The fastening means is, for example, a cylindrical metal fitting having a C-shaped cross section, and is fitted to the wire bundle through an open portion thereof, and then fixed to the wire bundle by a fastening tool. The energy absorbing power of the ring member 13a can be adjusted by adjusting the number of turns of the wire or by selecting the thickness of the wire. The wire is made of steel, for example, and may be a round steel wire having a uniform diameter as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4 (C), a deformed round steel wire having enlarged diameter portions at regular intervals may be used. A ring member 13a formed by winding a round steel wire having a different shape as shown in FIG.
In this case, when the ring member 13a receives the impact energy of the falling rock, even if the wire is subjected to a tensile force in the circumferential direction, the enlarged diameter portion of the adjacent wire is caught and the sliding between the wires is prevented, Since the diameter of the ring member 13a is hard to change, the ring shape of the original diameter can be maintained for a long time as long as the ring member 13a is not deformed or broken by receiving an extremely large impact energy.

[0022]

[0023] It is possible to manufacture the above ring member 13a seed s of the material, such as steel, can be manufactured in such as carbon fiber, aramid fiber.

When the net 13 constituted by connecting the above ring members 13a, that is, the ring net receives an impact due to a falling rock, an impact force is transmitted from the impact center to the ring member as shown in FIG. In this case, each ring member is pulled outward at a connection point with another ring member at that time, and is deformed according to the pulling force received by each ring member, and the ring net is formed as shown in FIG. The valley side projects, and as a result, energy is absorbed. Ring member 13
FIG. 5 shows a case where a is deformed most greatly.
The degree of deformation and the shape of the deformation vary depending on the magnitude of the force received and the degree of the applied force. Extremely large energy absorption can be achieved by such deformation of the large number of ring members 13a. As described above, the amount of energy absorbed by the ring net can be arbitrarily changed depending on the configuration of the ring member.

According to the above-described ring net, large energy can be absorbed. However, as described above, by providing the brake device 6 on the upper and lower holding ropes 11 and 12 and the stay rope 5, energy in the protective device can be obtained. Absorption capacity is further increased. FIG. 7 shows a specific example of the brake device 6, which is composed of a loop pipe 6a and a tightening member 6b as shown in the drawing. The part is inserted.
Both ends of the loop tube 6a are overlapped in parallel,
This overlap is compacted by a clamping member, for example a compression sleeve 6b, where the overlap of the loop tubes is in frictional contact with each other where they are compacted by the compression sleeve, and also in frictional contact between the loop tube and the compression sleeve. Has been brought. The loop pipe 6a is preferably a steel pipe,
It can be made of other metal materials and plastic materials.

Explaining the operation of the above-mentioned brake device, if the impact force due to the falling rock spreads on the holding ropes 11 and 12 and the stay rope 5 and abnormal tension is generated on these ropes, the diameter of the loop pipe 6a is reduced. Power to work,
Both ends of the loop tube are subjected to forces in opposite directions along the rope. If the tension applied to the rope tension exceeds the frictional force between the loop pipes and the loop pipe and the compression sleeve at the compaction point by the compression sleeve 6b, slippage occurs between each other and kinetic energy due to the impact is absorbed. . Kinetic energy is also absorbed by the deformation of the loop tube.

By selecting the diameter, wall thickness and material of the loop tube 6, the energy absorbing capacity can be changed in various ways, and can easily meet various requirements.

In the embodiment of FIG. 7, the case where the loop tube has one turn is shown, but the number of turns may be double or more.

As described above, the stay rope 5 is stretched between the head of the anchor fixed to the mountain side and the upper end of each of the columns, and the manner of this stretching is shown in FIG. It is particularly preferred to do so. That is, as shown in FIG.
The anchor is located substantially in the middle between two adjacent columns 1 as viewed from the front of the installed protective device. Therefore, the stay rope 5 extends in a direction oblique to the surface of the ring net 13. The following effects can be obtained by such a method of stretching the stay rope. That is, when a rock falls on any of the ring nets 13, the ring net protrudes forward as shown in FIG. 5 due to the impact, but at this time, the ring net is oblique to the support 1 via the upper holding rope 11. It exerts a force to tilt in the direction. The direction of tilt of the strut is substantially the same as the direction of extension of the stay rope connected to the same strut, and the stay rope is efficiently tensioned. Therefore, the brake device 6 provided on the stay rope is also provided. Immediately reacts and acts as a kinetic energy absorber.

The above anchor is disclosed in US Pat.
The ones described in the specification of No. 2 can be used advantageously. The anchor head 4 (FIG. 2) protruding from the slope is formed in a loop shape so that it can be easily connected to the stay rope 5 and can swing freely. Therefore, even if the stay rope is connected to two stay ropes, the stay can be easily turned in the direction of the stay rope where tension is generated, and the degree of application of a force other than tension is small, so that it can withstand long-term use. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a protection device according to the present invention as viewed from the front.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the protection device of FIG. 1 as viewed from a side.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged scale view of a net, that is, a ring net.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view (A) showing an example of a ring member constituting the ring net, and is a perspective view (B) (C) showing a part of a wire constituting the ring member.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a state of a ring net that has been hit by a falling rock.

FIG. 6 is a view showing deformation of a ring member that has been subjected to an impact.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a specific example of a brake device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Prop 2 ... Foundation 3 ... Anchor for anchoring of stay rope 4 ... Anchor head 5 ... Stay rope 6 ... Brake device 6a ... Loop pipe 6b ... Compression sleeve 7 ... ··· Anchor 8 ··· Anchor head 9 ·········································································· ..Ring member 13b

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-5-295713 (JP, A) JP-A-6-173221 (JP, A) Fully open 1979-119204 (JP, U) Fully open 1988 130510 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E01F 7/04

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A is erected at a required interval over a predetermined length range required slope portion protection, the base has a row of posts fixed to the rock mass, top and strut columns of each strut A retaining rope is stretched between the mountain side and the mountainous part, and a holding rope is stretched around the valley side over the entire column, and is stretched between upper and lower portions of the column between the columns. Oh Ri provided with a net-like member held by the up and down by, the mesh body is the number of ring member is constituted by an inner peripheral side of the respective adjacent ring members are connected to each other so as to contact, the rockfall Take that high kinetic energy
In the protective device that absorbs, the base of each support is fixed to the ground via a hinge, and the ring member that forms the net-like body winds the wire multiple times.
At several points in the circumferential direction, bundle the wires by fastening
And / or in the middle of a holding rope stretched between the columns.
They are in the middle of the retaining rope stretched between the ground and the pillar
Brace to absorb the impact energy that reaches the rope
A rake device is provided.
A loop tube with both ends fixed by a tightening member
The rope is superimposed on this loop tube
From the end of one of the two ends
And extends out of the port at the other end.
A protective device that catches falling rocks and absorbs its high kinetic energy. 2. The protective device according to claim 1 , wherein the wire is a deformed wire having an enlarged diameter portion at regular intervals. 3. A fixing portion of the natural ground ahead rope, viewed from the front of the protective device, characterized in that it is provided at a position deviated from the extension of the strut, according to claim 1 or 2 Protective equipment. Characterized in that wherein anchor head which is provided in the fixing portion of the natural ground ahead rope is provided swingably, protection device according to any one of claims 1-3.