JP3154473B2 - Garbage processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a medium-sized garbage disposal apparatus for efficiently and quickly fermenting organic matter such as garbage and garbage to compost.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a medium-sized garbage disposal apparatus for composting garbage and treating the garbage is composed of a small household crusher and a crusher.
It is recognized as being intermediate between large industrial ones having a separate stirring device and fermentation tank. A typical example of such a medium-sized garbage disposal apparatus is shown in FIG. As shown, the conventional medium-sized garbage disposal device 3
Schematically, a cylindrical treatment tank 30 for sealingly storing a fermentation promoter seeded with a fermentation microorganism in advance and organic matter such as garbage.
A rotating shaft 32 that is vertically penetrated through the processing tank 30 and is driven to rotate by a motor (not shown) connected to the lower end thereof; and a rotating shaft 32 provided around and coaxial with the upper half of the rotating shaft 32. And a plurality of openings 33a formed in a peripheral wall thereof, and a screw blade 34 spirally mounted from below the cylindrical body 33 of the rotary shaft 32 to the inside thereof. ing.

[0003] The method of using such a garbage disposal apparatus is as follows. As a preparatory step, a predetermined amount of a fermentation promoter 35 in which fermentation microorganisms have been seeded in advance is placed below the treatment tank. This is made up of bacteria and wood chips obtained by culturing a plurality of types of microorganisms in the soil, and raw garbage (500 kg at the maximum) is charged into the raw garbage inlet 30a of the treatment tank 30.
The motor is driven to rotate the rotating shaft 32 at 70 times / minute. The fermentation accelerator and the garbage are guided into the cylindrical body 33 by the screw blade 34 fixed to the rotating shaft 32, and the inside is raised. A large number of openings 33a are formed in the cylindrical body 33, and the fermentation accelerator and the garbage are pushed out of the openings 33a and fall to the lower part of the processing tank 30 while being pulverized by receiving a shearing force.

After the pulverization and mixing are sufficiently performed in this way, the motor is stopped and left for a predetermined time, for example, 2-3 days. During this time, the germs are decomposed to the maximum extent into carbon dioxide and water by the action of bacterial cells to produce a homogeneous and high quality compost.

[0005]

Considering the processing efficiency of the garbage processing apparatus 3 described above, it is obvious that the fermentation accelerator and the garbage are sufficiently pulverized and mixed. It was found that it was necessary that the fermentation treatment proceed uniformly in the upper, middle and lower portions of 30. FIG. 4 shows the temperature in the lower portion of the processing tank 30 when the raw garbage is charged into the processing tank 30 of the conventional garbage processing apparatus 3 to the positions of 40 cm, 55 cm, and 67 cm and the processing is performed under the above-described conditions. Changes are shown (each experiment was performed twice). As a result, it is understood that the fermentation process proceeds faster when the garbage to be put into the treatment tank 30 is put in as much as the motor rotating the rotating shaft 32 allows.

Therefore, garbage was put into the processing tank 30 to a position of 65 cm, and the temperature change in the lower, middle and upper parts of the processing tank when the processing was performed under the above-mentioned conditions was measured (see FIG. 5). As a result, between the lower part and the upper part of the processing tank 30 after a lapse of 2 hours from the start of the processing, 10 minutes
There is a temperature difference of not less than 0.degree. C., and even after 7 hours from the start of the treatment, there is a temperature difference of 5-6.degree.

[0007] An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the above-mentioned conventional garbage processing apparatus, and it is possible to perform fermentation processing in almost the same progress state at all height positions in a processing tank. It is an object of the present invention to provide a garbage disposal apparatus that can perform the processing.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems comprises a substantially inverted cone-shaped treatment tank for hermetically containing a fermentation promoter seeded with a fermentation microorganism and organic matter such as refuse in a sealed manner.
A rotating shaft that is vertically penetrated through the treatment tank and is driven to rotate by a motor connected to an upper end or a lower end, and is fixed to the rotating shaft in a cantilever shape with an interval in the vertical direction, and a fermentation accelerator And a garbage disposal apparatus comprising: a plurality of cutter blades for pulverizing and mixing organic substances; and a temperature sensor for detecting temperatures at a plurality of portions of the processing tank which are spaced apart in the vertical direction. Since the treatment tank has a substantially inverted cone shape and the fermentation accelerator and organic matter are crushed and mixed by a plurality of cutter blades attached to the rotating shaft, a small rotation resistance is sufficient in all areas in the height direction of the treatment tank. Crushing and mixing can be performed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the garbage disposal apparatus according to the first aspect, the treatment tank is formed so as to have an inclination of 20 to 50 degrees with respect to a vertical direction. And In this angle range, a part of the load from above the garbage thrown into the processing tank is supported by the inclined wall surface, so that the rotational resistance applied to the cutter blade is effectively reduced.

[0010] The invention described in claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2.
The height of the treatment tank is 10
It is characterized in that it is formed to be 0 cm or less. In order to sufficiently pulverize and mix fermentation accelerators and organic substances, 11
A rotation speed of about 0 times / minute is required. When using a general-purpose motor that can be obtained at a low cost, the height of the processing tank should be 100 c to prevent an excessive load from being applied to the motor.
m or less.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the garbage disposal apparatus according to the third aspect, an inlet for an organic substance into the processing tank is formed on a top surface of the processing tank. The outlet of the treated compost is formed at the bottom of the processing tank. By forming an inlet for organic matter on the top surface of the treatment tank, the organic matter can be easily introduced into the treatment tank by carrying it to the inlet and releasing it. By being formed at the bottom, all compost can be easily discharged out of the processing tank along the slope of the processing tank having a substantially inverted conical shape.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the garbage disposal apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the temperature of the processed material in at least the upper, middle, and lower portions of the processing tank is monitored, and the fermentation is performed. Grasp the transition to the heat-rise, constant-temperature, and cool-down periods, and rotate the motor if necessary to re-
It is characterized by re-stirring, discharging treated compost from the bottom of the processing tank, and introducing new organic matter such as garbage into the processing tank. The progress of the fermentation treatment can be grasped by the temperature at each part in the treatment tank, and using this as a parameter, the fermentation treatment of the entire treatment tank is controlled so as to be performed uniformly and efficiently.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a garbage disposal apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated preferred embodiments. FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing one embodiment of a garbage disposal apparatus according to the present invention. The garbage processing apparatus 1 according to the present invention generally includes a processing tank 10 having a substantially inverted conical shape, a rotating shaft 12 supported through the processing tank in a vertical direction, and a vertical interval between the rotating shaft and the rotating shaft. Open and fixed multiple cutter wings 1
4 and a plurality of temperature sensors 16 for detecting the temperatures at a plurality of vertically spaced portions in the processing tank.

The treatment tank 10 is a metal sealable container and has a generally inverted conical shape. In the illustrated preferred embodiment, a cylindrical portion 10a is provided at the top of the processing tank 10. This cylindrical part 10
a is a space for storing a larger amount of garbage than can be crushed and mixed in the inverted conical portion 10b. Garbage is reduced in volume by crushing,
As the fermentation process proceeds, there is a considerable volume reduction, so that the garbage stored in the cylindrical portion 10a also falls sequentially into the inverted conical portion 10b. In such a case, the garbage in the cylindrical portion 10a is not stirred and mixed, so the motor is driven to stir and mix again.
It is necessary to mix.

On the top surface 10c of the processing tank 10, a garbage inlet 10e covered with an openable and closable lid 10d and an exhaust duct 10f for discharging carbon dioxide and water vapor generated inside the processing tank 10 are provided. I have. A control panel 17 that receives signals from a number of temperature sensors 16 and performs appropriate preset control is provided on the top surface 10c.

The inverted conical portion 10b of the processing tank 10 is formed so as to have an inclination of 20 to 50 degrees with respect to the vertical direction. In this angle range, a part of the load from above the garbage thrown into the processing tank is supported by the inclined wall surface, so that the rotational resistance applied to the cutter blade 12 is effectively reduced.

At the bottom of the processing tank 10, a screw conveyor 19 for discharging processed compost is installed. Thereby, all compost can be easily discharged out of the processing tank along the slope of the inverted conical portion 10b of the processing tank 10.

At the lower end of the rotating shaft 12, a general-purpose motor 21 which is inexpensively available is installed. In order to sufficiently pulverize and mix the fermentation accelerator and the organic matter, a rotation speed of about 110 times / minute is required. Then such a general-purpose motor 2
1 is used, the height of the processing tank 10 is set to 100 c so that an excessive load is not applied to the motor 21.
m or less. A large number of cutter blades 14 are fixed to the rotating shaft 12 at intervals in the height direction in a cantilever shape using fastening means such as bolts and nuts.
In the preferred embodiment shown, the cutter wings 14 are sheet metal rods, but of course other shapes of cutter blades can be used.

A fermentation promoter seeded with fermentation microorganisms was placed in the treatment tank 10 and raw garbage was charged to a position of about 65 cm, and the rotating shaft 12 was rotated at 110 times / min for 15 minutes. After sufficiently crushing and mixing the fermentation accelerator and garbage,
The temperature of the lower, middle, and upper portions of the processing tank 10 was measured using the temperature sensor 16 (see FIG. 2). As shown in FIG. 2, there was a temperature difference of about 5 degrees between the lower, middle and upper parts of the processing tank 10 until about 45 minutes after the motor 21 was started. However, after about 60 minutes, the temperature difference between them almost disappeared. Furthermore, the constant temperature period of 75 ° C. was reached two hours after the start of the motor 21, and the speed of the fermentation treatment was improved in each stage as compared with the seven hours in FIG. In addition, the temperature itself during the constant temperature period was increased by 2 to 5 degrees as compared with the case of FIG. 5, and the fermentation efficiency was increased.

Since the processing tank 10 has an inverted conical shape and the fermentation accelerator and the organic substances are crushed and mixed by a plurality of cutter blades 14 attached to the rotating shaft 12, the processing tank 10 is entirely in the height direction. It is presumed that sufficient pulverization and mixing could be performed with a small rotation resistance in the region. In the garbage processing apparatus 1 according to the present invention,
Since a pulverizing device is not required, there is an advantage that a capital investment amount can be reduced. The giant fish head, pork bones, etc. remain in the compost as bone, but all the meat was fermented and composted. Bone in the compost can be separated from the compost by simple sieving.

[0021]

The garbage disposal apparatus according to the present invention comprises a substantially inverted cone-shaped treatment tank for containing a fermentation promoter seeded with fermentation microorganisms in advance and organic matter such as trash in a sealable manner, and a treatment tank arranged vertically. A rotating shaft that is supported through and is driven to rotate by a motor connected to the upper or lower end, and is fixed to the rotating shaft in a cantilever shape with a vertical interval, and crushes and mixes the fermentation accelerator and organic matter A plurality of cutter blades and a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature at a plurality of vertically spaced portions of the processing tank,
Sufficient pulverization and mixing can be performed with small rotational resistance in all regions in the height direction of the processing tank. Thereby, it is possible to perform the fermentation treatment in almost the same progress state at all height positions in the treatment tank, and as a result, there is an effect that the fermentation treatment can be homogenized and shortened.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing an embodiment of a garbage disposal apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing temperature changes in a lower part, a middle part, and an upper part of a processing tank when garbage is fermented using the garbage processing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing a typical example of a conventional garbage disposal apparatus.

FIG. 4 shows a height 4 in the processing tank of the garbage processing apparatus of FIG.
It shows the temperature change in the lower part of the processing tank when the garbage is charged to the positions of 0 cm, 55 cm and 67 cm and the fermentation treatment is performed.

5 is a graph showing temperature changes in a lower part, a middle part, and an upper part of a treatment tank when garbage is fermented using the garbage disposal apparatus of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Garbage processing apparatus 10 Processing tank 10a Cylindrical part, 10b Inverted conical part, 10
c Top surface, 10d lid, 10e Garbage inlet, 10f Exhaust duct 12 Rotary shaft 14 Cutter blade 16 Temperature sensor 19 Screw conveyor 21 Motor

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A substantially inverted cone-shaped treatment tank for accommodating a fermentation promoter seeded with a fermentation microorganism in advance and an organic substance such as refuse so as to be able to be hermetically sealed; A rotating shaft that is rotationally driven by a motor connected to, a plurality of cutter blades that are fixed to the rotating shaft in a cantilever shape at intervals in the vertical direction, and that pulverize and mix the fermentation accelerator and organic matter, A garbage disposal apparatus comprising: a plurality of temperature sensors configured to detect temperatures at a plurality of vertically spaced portions of the treatment tank. 2. The garbage processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the processing tank is formed so as to have an inclination of 20 to 50 degrees with respect to a vertical direction. . 3. The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the height of the treatment tank is 100 cm or less. 4. The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 3, wherein an input port of an organic substance to the processing tank is formed on a top surface of the processing tank, and an outlet of the processed compost from the processing tank is formed. A garbage disposal apparatus, wherein a discharge port is formed at a bottom of the treatment tank. 5. The garbage processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least an upper part of the processing tank is provided.
Monitor the temperature of the processed material in the middle and lower part, fermentation heat rising period, constant temperature period, and grasp the transition to the cooling period, and if necessary, rotate the motor and re-mill / re-stir,
Discharging the treated compost from the bottom of the treatment tank,
A garbage disposal apparatus characterized in that new organic matter such as garbage is introduced into the treatment tank.