JP3240844B2 - Garbage processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage disposal apparatus for drying garbage such as garbage, which is used for general households and businesses.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a disposer for crushing kitchen waste generated in a kitchen and flowing it to sewage as it is, a garbage dewatering machine for crushing and dewatering kitchen waste, and a heating means such as a microwave, a heater or steam are used. A garbage disposal device that completely incinerates or dries the garbage using the garbage collection system has been used.

[0003]

These conventional garbage disposal apparatuses have the following problems. Disposers have a significantly higher BOD for treated effluents, placing a burden on sewage treatment plants. Given the current low sewerage penetration in Japan, this is not an appropriate treatment method.

[0004] The garbage dewatering machine does not treat the collected crushed garbage, so that it is liable to rot and may cause a bad smell or a pest or a pathogen.

[0005] Garbage disposal equipment using heating means has been detoxified, deodorized and reduced by incineration and drying to solve the above-mentioned problems such as decay, but it is very difficult to install it indoors. The problem remains that it is difficult. First, in the case of incineration, the equipment must have a configuration that can withstand high temperatures in order to perform this incineration, and must have extremely high durability and safety, and it is dangerous to install the apparatus indoors. Secondly, even in the case of drying treatment, a large amount of steam is generated together with odor from kitchen garbage during heat treatment, and it is more difficult to deodorize under such high humidity than usual. This is because there is a risk of occurrence.

As described above, there is little possibility of installing a garbage disposal apparatus using a heating means only outdoors, and the garbage generated in a kitchen or the like must be transported to the outdoors.
Even if it is installed indoors, exhaust equipment is indispensable and it becomes a large-scale equipment, and the cost is high and the usability is very poor.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to solve the conventional problems, and in particular, to solve the difficulty of the deodorization treatment of a kitchen waste treatment apparatus which performs a drying treatment, and which is easy to use and can be installed indoors. It is intended to provide a processing device.

[0008]

A first means of the present invention for achieving the above object is a heating means for drying garbage, a drying room for storing the garbage to be dried, and a stirrer for the garbage in the drying room. Agitating means, comprising a deodorizing means for deodorizing the gas generated during drying of the garbage, while providing a storage space of a certain amount or more until the gas discharged from the deodorizing means is discharged to the outside air, the volume of the storage space and above 1/250 times the volume of the drying chamber, touch the deodorizing means
Use a medium oxidation method to remove air from the exhaust port of the deodorizing means to the outside air.
Insulation material is provided in the storage space at

In the second means, in addition to the first means, the storage space is constituted by a passage from the discharge portion of the deodorizing means to the outside air, and the length of the passage is set to be shorter than an arbitrary cross section of the passage. It is eight times or more the diameter.

[0010] A third means is to provide a condensing means for condensing water vapor contained in the gas and dehumidifying it before deodorization, in addition to the first means and the second means.

[0011]

According to the first means of the present invention, since the storage space is provided on the discharge side of the deodorizing means, the deodorized gas does not immediately discharge to the outside air, but stays inside once. On the other hand, kitchen waste is dried by the heating means and stirring means in the drying room, and gas containing odor and water vapor is generated, but the instantaneous gas generation is not constant, so the pressure in the drying room constantly fluctuates. are doing. In other words, the generated gas repeats a reciprocating pulsation, and the gas exhausted from the deodorization process also goes out and out while repeating going in and out. Therefore, if the deodorized gas stays inside once without being immediately discharged to the outside air as described above, the gas once passed through the deodorization process is sucked into the deodorization process again before being exhausted to the outside air. It will be deodorized again. Further, since the waste gas passes through the deodorization process when it is discharged, it is deodorized at least three times, and the deodorization efficiency is increased. In addition, the gas generated when drying kitchen garbage is used as a catalyst.
It will be deodorized by the oxidation method. Such odorous gas
It is mainly an organic gas that can be oxidized by a heated catalyst.
As a result, carbon dioxide gas and water become odorless gas. On the other hand
Gas discharged from the heated catalyst
Or will return to the catalyst again. At this time, the exhaust gas
It has been replaced by high temperature. When hot gas returns to the catalyst
This means that potentially deodorizable gases return to the deodorization process.
Therefore, the deodorizing effect is high, while the heat loss is small.
And Therefore, the efficiency is extremely improved. Also heating
The heat emitted from the exhausted catalyst is suppressed by the heat insulating material.
Deodorizing hand while maintaining high temperature even when sucked again
It will be recollected to the step. In other words, further heat loss
The deodorizing effect is high.

[0012] According to the second means of the present invention, in addition to the first means, the storage space is constituted by a passage and is formed to have an elongated shape of a certain size or more, so that diffusion of the passage in the discharge direction can be suppressed as much as possible. . As described above, since the gas in the passage repeats reciprocating pulsation, the fact that diffusion in the discharge direction is small means that the gas closer to the discharge portion of the deodorizing means in the passage is more likely to return to the deodorizing step again, and the deodorizing means Since the gas in the passage far from the discharge portion and close to the outside air is reciprocated many times, it is deodorized and discharged to the outside air, and as a result, the deodorization efficiency is very high.

According to the third means of the present invention, the gas to be deodorized is dehumidified by condensation of water vapor. It is difficult to deodorize an odor gas containing a large amount of water vapor, and if dehumidification is performed before the deodorization process, the deodorization efficiency is increased. On the other hand, as described above, in the drying chamber, steam is generated and the pressure increases, and the pressure fluctuates due to stirring. On the other hand, since the gas is condensed, the pressure of the gas decreases, and as a result, the pressure fluctuation in the drying chamber is amplified, the reciprocating pulsation becomes more intense, and the odorous gas frequently enters and leaves the deodorization process. As a result, the deodorizing effect is further enhanced.

[0014]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a drying room, in which a garbage container 2 for storing kitchen waste is disposed. A stirring blade 3 is provided on the inner bottom of the trash container 2 to stir the garbage in the trash container 2. A lid 4 is arranged on the upper part of the drying chamber 1, and the upper part of the drying chamber 1 is sealed by packing provided on the lid 4. The stirring blade 3 at the bottom of the trash container 2 is driven and rotated by a motor 5 and a shaft 6 to stir the garbage. The shaft 6 and the stirring blade 3 are detachable, and the trash container 2 is
Together with the drying chamber 1. Reference numeral 7 denotes a heater for heating the trash container 2 and heating and drying the garbage inside.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a drying room heat insulating material, which prevents the drying room 1 from radiating heat. Reference numeral 9 denotes a condensing section which is ventilated by the drying chamber 1 and the gas introduction pipe 10, and is internally constituted by radiating fins, a cross flow fan (not shown) and the like. Condensate and dehumidify. The condensed condensed water is collected in the condensed water container 11 at the lower part. Reference numeral 12 denotes a deodorizing section, which is constituted by a catalyst heating heater 13 and a honeycomb-shaped catalyst 14. The odor gas dehumidified in the condenser section 9 is deodorized in the deodorizing section 12. The deodorized gas is
The gas is discharged from the exhaust port 16 to the outside air through an exhaust pipe 15 constituting a storage part having a certain capacity or more and a certain shape. Reference numeral 17 denotes an exhaust pipe heat insulating material, which prevents the exhaust pipe 15 from radiating heat.

Hereinafter, the main operation of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
It will be described based on. The user puts the garbage in the trash container 2 and sets it in the drying chamber 1 as shown in FIG. The garbage container 2 can be detached from the apparatus, and the user does not need to carry the garbage to the apparatus. The user can put the garbage into the garbage container 2 at a place where the garbage is generated and then set the garbage on the apparatus. Easy to use. When the user turns on a switch (not shown) after the user closes the lid 4, a control device (not shown) operates to energize the motor 5, the heater 7, and the catalyst heater 13 to stir or heat the respective components. To start. The garbage is heated and dried by this heating.

Further, the drive of the motor 5 is transmitted to the stirring blade 3 via the shaft 6 and rotates to stir the garbage. By this stirring, the kitchen waste is uniformly dried. The generated gas generated by the drying is introduced into the condenser 9 through the gas introduction pipe 10. In the condenser 9, the generated gas is cooled (condensed) by a radiation fin, a cross flow fan, or the like, and dehumidified. The water condensed at this time is stored in the condensed water container 11, and the dehumidified gas is introduced into the deodorizing section 12. If dehumidification is not performed here, the gas to be deodorized is a gas containing a large amount of water vapor, and it is very difficult to deodorize such a gas.
Even if the exhaust gas is deodorized, the exhaust gas still contains water vapor. Therefore, when this equipment is installed indoors, a problem occurs such as dew condensation in a room.

On the other hand, at this time, the drying in the drying chamber 1 is not stationary, and the generation of gas containing water vapor and odor is non-uniform instantaneously. Is very variable. In addition, the condensation in the condensation section 9 is in the direction of decreasing the pressure, and the pressure fluctuation in the drying chamber 1 is amplified rather than canceled out. In other words, the gas flowing from the condenser 9 to the deodorizer 12 repeats the reciprocating pulsation back and forth.

The gas that has reached the deodorizing section is a heater 1 for catalyst heating.
The odor component is deodorized by the catalyst 14 heated in 3. This odor component is most preferably deodorized by a catalytic oxidation method. This is because most of the odor components generated from kitchen garbage are organic substances, and when this organic substance is oxidized, it is decomposed into water and carbon dioxide, turning into odorless and harmless gas. In the present embodiment, as the material of the catalyst 14, a honeycomb-shaped catalyst having a platinum group metal supported on activated alumina or the like is used, but the type of the catalyst is not particularly limited.

Although the temperature of the catalyst also differs depending on the type of the catalyst, it is not described in detail in the present invention. However, in this embodiment, the catalyst 1 heated by the catalyst heater 13 is used.
4 was controlled at about 400 to 450 ° C.

As described above, the gas introduced into the deodorizing section 12 repeats reciprocating pulsation. Therefore, deodorizing section 1
The gas exhausted from 2 also repeats exhausting and sucking in and out. If the downstream side of the deodorizing section 12 is immediately outside air, the gas discharged from the deodorizing section 12 will be mixed with the outside air due to its inertia. Passes through the catalyst 14 only once,
At the time of suction, outside air that does not need to be deodorized is taken into the catalyst 14. Providing a space having a certain volume or more between the deodorizing section 12 and the exhaust port 16 that comes into contact with the outside air can be achieved by returning the gas that has once exited the deodorizing section 12 to the deodorizing section 12 and further oxidizing the catalyst again. It is a very effective means for initiating the reaction and deodorizing. That is, for example, 99.9
When a deodorization purification rate of 90% is required, 90% of the deodorization purification rate can be achieved in one pass in three passes such as discharge, suction, and re-discharge, rather than achieving the purification rate in one pass through the deodorization section. 99.9% can be achieved ((1-0.9) ³
= 1-0.999).

In this embodiment, an exhaust pipe 15 is provided between the deodorizing section 12 and the exhaust port 16. The inner volume of the exhaust pipe 15 is 5
There is 0 cm ³ , whereas the drying room is 10 litters. As a result of various experiments, the maximum amount of gas instantaneously discharged from the deodorizing section 12 is about 40 cm ^3, which is about 1/25 that of the drying chamber 1.
It was 0. Even when the drying chamber was changed in volume, the maximum gas emission was about 1/250 times that of the drying chamber. Therefore, if the volume of the passage from the end of the deodorization process to the outside air is 1/250 or more times the volume of the drying chamber, the reciprocating exhaust gas can be successfully collected in the deodorizing section, and the deodorizing efficiency can be improved and it can be said that this is an effective means.

As described above, in the present invention, a catalytic oxidation method is used as a deodorizing means. This means that the heated and activated catalyst oxidizes and decomposes the odor component upon contact with the odor component, but it is important here to keep the temperature of the catalyst at or above the activation temperature. As described above, the present invention has a configuration in which the gas exiting the deodorizing section 12 returns efficiently. At this time, this gas exchanges heat with the heated catalyst and maintains a high temperature. Returning the hot gas to the deodorization step again means not cooling the heated catalyst. At this time, if the low-temperature outside air returns to the deodorizing state 12, the catalyst is cooled and the catalyst exit side is removed. The activity decreases, and the deodorization efficiency decreases accordingly. In other words, it is very effective to use a catalytic oxidation method in the deodorizing section and efficiently return the gas from the deodorizing section together, which increases the deodorizing efficiency and the thermal efficiency.

Conversely, the fact that the catalyst is difficult to cool means that the catalyst does not have to be kept at an excessively high temperature. Generally, the carrier constituting the catalyst causes thermal deterioration, and the higher the temperature, the exponentially the deterioration rate increases. In other words, making the catalyst hard to cool down as in the present invention means extending the life of the catalyst,
It can be said to be an effective means that a high deodorizing effect can be realized over a long period.

In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the exhaust pipe 15 is set to 1
The length was set to 5 mm, and the length of the exhaust pipe was set to 283 mm, so that it was elongated to some extent. This can be said to be a very effective means in order to further enhance the deodorizing effect. The reason for this is that by making it slender, the length of the passage from the end of the deodorization process to the outside air is lengthened, and gas diffusion in the discharge direction is suppressed. This is because the gas easily returns to the deodorization process, and the gas closer to the outside air is deodorized many times, so that the gas discharged to the outside air is significantly purified, and the deodorization efficiency is dramatically increased. In addition, suppressing diffusion in the discharge direction means suppressing heat loss in the discharge direction, which means that the gas that flows back and forth in the deodorization process is deodorized while being kept at a higher temperature. It can be said that it goes up. Further, for the above-mentioned reason, the life of the catalyst is further extended.

In this embodiment, the shape of the exhaust pipe 15 is at least 18 times the inner diameter, but according to various experiments,
The result that the effect appears from about 8 times was obtained. This magnification, that is, the longer the length, the higher the deodorizing effect,
However, if the length is too long, the resistance in the discharge direction increases, and a problem arises in that generated gas leaks from the lid at the top of the drying chamber. Therefore, the length is not increased more than necessary. However, since the upper limit of the length greatly varies depending on the degree of sealing of the drying chamber, the present invention does not specify the upper limit of the length (magnification).

The exhaust pipe heat insulating material 1 is provided around the exhaust pipe 15.
7 was given. This is to suppress the heat radiation of the exhaust pipe 15 and keep the temperature of the gas therein at a high temperature. With such a configuration, as described above, the heated catalyst is more difficult to cool, and the deodorizing effect is obtained. Is further enhanced,
This is a very effective means because of its good catalyst life.

The gas leaving the exhaust port 16 in this manner is
The odor was almost odorless, and the result was that THC (total hydrocarbons; organic gas components, that is, odor components) was 1 ppm or less in terms of methane, which was lower than a general indoor air level.

As described above, when the drying while deodorizing is completed, the temperature sensor (not shown) detects the drying, and the switch is turned off by the control device. Then, the user may open the lid 4, take out the garbage container 2, and discard the dried garbage inside. This dried garbage was originally unpleasant because it was 20% of the weight of the original garbage, depending on the type of garbage, but weighed 20%. Handling of kitchen waste becomes easier. Further, the condensed water stored in the condensed water container 11 only needs to be appropriately discarded to the sewage, and the complicated and troublesome management of kitchen waste is sanitary and simple.

[0030]

As described above , according to the first means of the present invention,
For example , a garbage disposal apparatus having a high deodorizing effect and a small odor problem can be realized, and can be installed indoors.

According to a second means [0031] The present invention, pressurized example the first means, high deodorizing effect in further, which realizes a garbage processing device less odor problems, possible indoor installation What you are doing.

According to a third means [0032] The present invention, pressurized example the first means or the second means, high deodorizing effect in further,
The present invention realizes a device with less odor problem during processing, and enhances the possibility of indoor installation. On the other hand, since the dehumidification is performed, the water vapor contained in the exhaust gas is suppressed as much as possible, so that there is little problem of dew condensation even indoors, and the possibility of indoor installation is further improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a kitchen waste disposal apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Drying room 3 Stirring blade (stirring means) 7 Heater (heating means) 9 Condensing part (condensing means) 12 Deodorizing part (deodorizing means) 13 Heater for catalyst 14 Catalyst 15 Exhaust pipe (storage part) 17 Exhaust pipe heat insulating material (Insulation material)

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-5-319504 (JP, A) JP-A-5-146702 (JP, A) JP-A-6-159935 (JP, A) JP-A-5-159935 39972 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B09B 3/00 B09B 3/00 303 B09B 5/00 F26B 1/00-25/22

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A heating means for drying garbage, a drying chamber for storing garbage to be dried, a stirring means for stirring the garbage in the drying chamber, and a deodorizing means for deodorizing gas generated during drying of the garbage. Providing a storage space of a certain amount or more before the gas discharged from the deodorizing means is discharged to the outside air, and making the volume of the storage space 1/250 times or more the volume of the drying chamber , Means of catalytic oxidation
Storage space from the discharge part of the deodorizing means to the outside air
Garbage disposal equipment with heat insulating material . 2. The storage space according to claim 1, wherein the storage space is constituted by a passage from the discharge portion of the deodorizing means to the outside air, and the length of the passage is at least eight times the minor diameter of an arbitrary cross section of the passage. Garbage processing equipment. 3. A condensing means for condensing water vapor contained in a gas and dehumidifying the gas before deodorization.
A garbage disposal device as described in the above.