JP3256296B2 - Method for raising seedlings of paddy rice and horticultural plants using adsorbed alginate oligosaccharide carrier - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention is, alginate oligosaccharides responsible
The present invention relates to a method for raising seedlings of paddy rice and horticultural plants using the adsorbate .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is an important problem in agricultural production to promote the growth of crops, increase the yield per unit area, and increase the number of crops to increase the yield of crops. It is. Various proposals have been made on this problem in the past, and although certain results have been obtained with certain types of crops, they have not yet been fully solved in general.

The present inventors have conducted studies to solve these problems and found that an oligosaccharide obtained by decomposing alginic acid has a plant growth promoting action (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-101302). And a method for industrially efficiently producing the alginate oligosaccharide so as to have a high plant growth promoting activity (JP-A-63-2).
No. 14192).

[0004] In recent years, problems such as the decrease in the number of agricultural workers and the aging of the population have been improved in terms of mechanization of agricultural work and division of labor into work processes. Cultivation techniques have been improved. Above all, technical improvement of seedling cultivation has been energetically carried out, and the addition of physical property improvement materials such as rock wool and peat moss, the improvement of soil physical properties, and the improvement of fertilizer components and concentration have increased the rooting strength of seedlings and transplanted them. Technical improvements for raising seedlings suitable for mechanical aptitude at the time of planting with a machine have been implemented.
However, the effect cannot be said to be sufficient even by such improvement, and the development of more effective technology is still required at present.

[0005] Further, the second problem of improving seedling culture is to simultaneously improve rooting strength and rooting of seedlings after planting. Taking rice as an example, it has been recognized that an increase in rooting strength does not necessarily lead to an increase in seedling vigor, but rather a decrease in vigor. In general, the roots in a seedling box are stressed by dense planting, and the higher the rooting strength, the higher the stress, and in some cases, the degeneration of the primordia essential for the development of new roots. Is delayed, and the rooting property is deteriorated.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, alginic acid oligosaccharides (hereinafter, sometimes abbreviated as AO) have been used for charcoal such as activated carbon. The AO carrier adsorbed material adsorbed has a superior plant growth promoting activity, and the AO carrier adsorbed material is added to and mixed with paddy rice and horticultural seedling cultivation soil to form seedling mats and root pots. It has been found that the improvement of the seedlings and the vigor of the seedlings after planting are simultaneously achieved, and the present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention provides mixed alginate oligosaccharide carrier adsorbate alginate oligosaccharide charcoal acids is adsorbed
Raising rice or horticultural plants using the combined soil
Improves rooting strength and improves seedling survival after planting
Rice and horticultural plants characterized by simultaneously achieving
It relates to the method of raising seedlings .

In the present invention, the alginate oligosaccharide is used to decompose algae such as alginic acid, sodium alginate or kelp containing alginic acid or a polysaccharide derived from microorganisms with an enzyme such as alginate lyase, or an acid such as hydrochloric acid. An oligosaccharide composition obtained by hydrolysis, specifically (a) an oligosaccharide composed of only guluronic acid having a degree of polymerization of 2 to 20, (b) a mannuronic acid only having a degree of polymerization of 2 to 20 An oligosaccharide composed of: and (c) having a degree of polymerization of 2
The oligosaccharide obtained by decomposing alginic acid consisting of a mixture of oligosaccharides composed of guluronic acid and mannuronic acid at 20 or the oligosaccharide obtained at pH 1 to 9, preferably pH 1 to 9,
3, temperature 60-130 ° C, preferably 100-130 ° C
Under the above conditions for 15 to 180 minutes. For more information on this alginate oligosaccharide, see
JP-A-63-101302 and JP-A-63-21
No. 4192.

Next, the coals used in the present invention include:
Examples thereof include bark charcoal, charcoal, coconut shell charcoal, rice husk charcoal, and activated carbon thereof, and it is particularly preferable to use activated carbon.

The AO carrier adsorbate is produced by directly spraying or mixing a 0.5 to 20% aqueous solution of AO onto carbonaceous materials,
If necessary, drying is performed at 30 to 80 ° C. The amount of AO adsorbed on the charcoal is, for example, activated carbon, and the amount of AO is 0.001 to 100 parts by weight of activated carbon.
It is 10 parts by weight, preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by weight. Here, as the activated carbon, activated carbon of various particle sizes such as powdered activated carbon and granular activated carbon can be used.

The adsorbed AO carrier thus obtained is used by directly mixing it with commercially available paddy rice and cultivation seedling cultivation soil, or by mixing it with soil, fertilizer, etc. in advance during the production of these cultivation soils, and using a conventional method. It can also be produced and used as granular soil. In the case of paddy rice and cultivation seedling cultivation soil, any type of soil can be used as long as it is free of pathogenic bacteria. Preferable soils are alluvial soils, flood soils, volcanic ash soils and mixed soils of these soils. If necessary, materials for improving physical properties, fertilizers and the like can be appropriately added. The physical property improving material is a material that improves the chemical and physical properties of the mixture, and specifically includes clay minerals, pumice, perlite, vermiculite, zeolite, rock wool, compost, humus, peat, humic acid, and bark compost. One or more selected from water, water drainage, peat moss and polymer improver are mixed with soil.

Next, as for the fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potash necessary for growing the crop are appropriately combined and mixed.
Since the amounts of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potash vary depending on the type of crop and the time of raising seedlings, they should be adjusted as appropriate and the pH should be adjusted (pH 4.5-5.5 for rice, pH 5.8-7.0 for horticulture). .

The AO carrier adsorbate may be added in an amount of 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the soil. By using the AO carrier adsorbate and the medium containing the carrier adsorbent thus obtained, the growth of paddy rice, vegetables, flowers, etc. is improved, and the seedling mat and the root pot are excellently formed. Can be produced.

[0014]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples and the like , but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Production Example 1 As activated carbon, a commercially available coconut shell charcoal was used.
With respect to parts by weight, 100 parts by volume of a 1% AO aqueous solution was mixed in a solution state. This was vacuum-dried at 40 ° C. for 24 hours to obtain an AO carrier adsorbate containing 1 part by weight of AO per 100 parts by weight of charcoal.

Production Example 2 100 parts by weight of a 2% AO aqueous solution was mixed in a solution state with 100 parts by weight of bark charcoal, and the other conditions were the same as in Production Example 1 except that 2 parts by weight of AO was added to 100 parts by weight of charcoal. Of an AO carrier adsorbed product.

Production Example 3 For 100 parts by weight of a commercially available paddy rice seedling cultivation soil (powder and granular form),
One part by weight of the adsorbed AO carrier obtained in Production Example 1 was uniformly mixed to obtain a seedling culture for paddy rice.

[0017] For nursery soil 100 parts by weight for preparation 4 commercial Seedlings, production
0.5 parts by weight of the adsorbed AO carrier obtained in Example 2 was uniformly mixed to obtain seedling cultivation soil for cell-molded seedlings.

Example 1 Harvesting of Nihon Haruna seedlings was carried out using the seedling cultivation soil for paddy rice prepared in Production Example 3, and the rooting strength of the seedling mat after cultivation for 7 days was examined. In addition, the seedlings were transplanted into Wagner pots and the growth after two weeks was compared. That is, a nursery box (28 × 58
× 3cm), 2.8kg of floor soil, 300g of seed germ paddy and 1.2kg of soil cover
And a 2.2-leaf rice plant was obtained by a conventional method. A mat having a width of 8.5 cm and a length of 17.5 cm was cut out from the seedling box, and the ground portion was cut. Then, the breaking strength (rooting strength) was measured by a tensile tester (manufactured by Orientec). The experimental plots are as follows. Control: no AO carrier adsorbate added. AO-free zone: The coconut shell charcoal used as the raw material in Production Example 1 (however, AO-free) was added. AO addition section: AO carrier adsorbate obtained in Production Example 1 was added. Table 1 shows the measurement results.

[0019]

Table 1 Effect of adsorbed AO carrier on rooting strength of rice seedlings Note) Figures in parentheses are indices when the control is 100

As shown in Table 1, both the AO-free group and the AO-added group showed an improvement in rooting strength, and particularly the AO-added group showed a remarkable improvement. Next, put the seedlings in a 1 / 5000a Wagner pot
This plant / strain × 3 plants (a total of 9 plants) were transplanted, cultivated for 14 days under water temperature of 20 ° C. and 12 hours of illumination (40,000 lux), and the rooting amount and foliage weight of each plant were measured. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0021]

Table 2 Effect of AO carrier adsorbate on rooting amount and foliage weight Note) Figures in parentheses are indices when the control is 100

As shown in Table 2, it was recognized that the AO-added group promoted the growth of roots and foliage, and at the same time, improved the rooting strength, and at the same time, prevented the deterioration of rooting of seedlings after planting. Was done.

Example 2 Chinese cabbage was cultivated using the seedling cultivation soil for cell-molded seedlings prepared in Production Example 4, and root-pot formation was compared with the rooting strength. That is, a styrene tray having 11 × 18 holes (total 198 holes) was used as a cell molding pot, and seeds of 2 grains / hole were sown, and after thinning, one seed was prepared. After cultivation for 14 days, seedlings having a leaf age of 2.5 were obtained. The rooting strength of this seedling was measured using the same device as in Example 1 . The experimental plots are as follows. Control: no AO carrier adsorbate added. AO-free zone: Bark charcoal used as a raw material in Production Example 2 (however, AO-free) was added. AO addition section: AO carrier adsorbate obtained in Production Example 2 was added. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0024]

Table 3 Effect of AO carrier adsorbate on rooting strength of Chinese cabbage molded seedlings Note) Figures in parentheses are indices when the control is 100

As shown in Table 3, remarkable improvement in rooting strength was observed in the AO-added group.

Example 3 Volcanic ash soil and peat moss and vermiculite as materials for improving physical properties were added to ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate, and Dublin as fertilizers.
Sulfuric acid and charcoal were appropriately mixed to prepare a culture soil. Further, the AO carrier adsorbate obtained in Production Example 1 was added to this culture soil at a ratio of 0%, 1%, 2.5%, or 5%, respectively, to prepare a cultivation seedling culture soil. The physicochemical properties of the horticultural seedling cultivation thus prepared were determined to have a water content of 26.8.
%, PH 7.0, provisional specific gravity 0.59, total porosity 81.4%, gas phase rate 25.7%, and available water 30.8%. The prepared seedling cultivation soil was filled in a growing tray (Daiichi Horticulture Sales), sowed with cabbage and lettuce, and cultivated in a glass room. As a result of the seedling survey, as shown in Table 4, the promotion of the growth of the above-ground portion and the underground portion of the AO carrier-adsorbed material-added group was clearly recognized as compared with the AO-carrier-adsorbed material-free group (control group).

[0027]

Table 4 Effect of AO carrier adsorbate on growth of cabbage and lettuce Test crop: cabbage (winter wave), sowing period: July 16, seedling survey: August 2, lettuce (Cisco), sowing Period: August 24, seedling survey: September 14

[0028]

Industrial Applicability The present invention relates to a method for producing water using a soil obtained by mixing an AO carrier adsorbate obtained by adsorbing AO on charcoal such as activated carbon.
The present invention relates to a method for raising seedlings of rice and horticultural plants, and according to the present invention, it is possible to simultaneously improve the formation of seedling mats and the formation of root pots in the raising of crops and the improvement of the vigor of seedlings after planting. The benefits and benefits for farmers are huge.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Shin Kobayashi 70-1 Tamura, Hiratsuka-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture All-North Hiratsuka Dormitory No. 305 (72) Inventor Fumie Yamada 332-3, Ubagayama, Niigata-shi, Niigata (72) Inventor Hideo Yoshihara Chiba 2-7-4 Miyakubo, Ichikawa City, Prefecture (56) References JP-A-63-214192 (JP, A) JP-A-49-54151 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB Name) A01G 1/00 303 A01G 7/06 A01N 43/16 JICST file (JOIS)

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] An alginate oligosaccharide carrier adsorbed product obtained by adsorbing an alginate oligosaccharide onto charcoal is used as a culture medium.
By raising rice or horticultural plants,
At the same time to improve the degree of planting and the vigor of seedlings after planting.
A method for raising seedlings of paddy rice and horticultural plants . 2. A person of claim 1, wherein coal class is activated carbon
Law . 3. The alginate oligosaccharide carrier adsorbed material is used in an amount of 0.001 to 10 alginic acid oligosaccharides per 100 parts by weight of carbonaceous materials.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the parts by weight are adsorbed. 4. The cultivation soil for paddy rice or horticulture is 100 weight of cultivation soil.
Alginate oligosaccharide carrier adsorbate 0.01 to 10 parts by weight
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the parts are mixed .