JP3268196B2 - Exterior insulation structure of building - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an external heat insulating structure for a building in which a foamed plastic heat insulating material is attached to a base plate to improve heat insulating properties.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an insulation structure for an outer wall of a house, for example, an outer wall ventilation structure shown in FIG. 6 has been known. The outer wall ventilation structure has a ventilation board 12 on the back side of the outer wall material 11.
Is disposed to form a ventilation layer 13 between the outer wall material 11 and the ventilation board 12, and the air flowing through the ventilation layer 13 releases moisture on the back surface of the outer wall material 11 to the outside, so that the air flows to the back surface of the outer wall material 11. It is designed to prevent condensation. Then, a heat insulating material 15 formed of non-combustible fiber such as rock wool is filled between the ventilation board 12 and the interior material 14 so as to ensure heat insulation of the outer wall.

However, in this outer wall ventilation structure, the moisture between the outer wall material 11 and the ventilation board 12 is released to the outside through the ventilation layer 13, but the ventilation board 12 and the interior material 1
4 is closed to ensure heat insulation, so that the outside air flowing through the ventilation layer 13 allows the ventilation board 12
When the cooling is continued, dew condensation occurs on the inner surface of the ventilation board 12, and the dewed water flows down to the base 16 and causes the base 16 to corrode. In addition, this heat insulating structure has insufficient heat insulating properties in cold regions.

Therefore, in recent years, a foamed plastic plate having a higher heat insulating effect than the heat insulating material 15 made of non-combustible fiber is used, and the heat insulating effect is enhanced by surrounding the entire outer periphery of the building with the foamed plastic plate, so that the internal condensation is formed. A so-called outer heat insulation method has been proposed to prevent air pollution (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-136).
39, JP-A-6-49918).

[0005]

In this external heat insulation structure,
Since a foamed plastic plate having a relatively low strength against an external load is incorporated between the column material and the outer wall material, a special outer wall material mounting structure is adopted so that the external load is not applied to the foamed plastic plate. That is, JP-A-3-13639
In the official gazette, a hat-shaped steel for attaching an outer wall material is attached to the outside of the building frame, a foam plastic plate is attached with the hat-shaped steel sandwiched therebetween, and then a trunk edge is attached to the hat-shaped steel, and an outer wall material is attached to the trunk edge. This is the method of installation. Also,
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-49918 discloses a method in which a body edge for attaching an outer wall material is attached to the outside of a pillar material, a foamed plastic plate is attached across the body edge, and the outer wall material is attached to the body edge.

However, these construction methods have disadvantages in that since the outer wall material mounting structure is a special structure, it takes a lot of time to construct the outer wall material, the workability is poor, and the construction cost is high.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an external heat insulating structure of a building that can improve workability and cost.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an external heat insulating structure for a building, wherein a plate-like foamed plastic heat insulating material is provided on a base plate attached to a building frame. Attachment, a fastener attached to the surface side of the foamed plastic heat insulating material is fixed to the base plate material with a screw, and an outer wall material is attached by the fastener, and the foamed plastic heat insulating material is , Compressive strength is 0.8
It is formed of a foamed plastic of kgf / cm ² or more, and has a structure in which a high-strength support plate having an area of 25 to 150 cm ² is sandwiched between the foamed plastic heat insulating material and the fastener.

In this structure, the compressive strength of the foamed plastic heat insulating material is 0.8 kgf / cm ² or more, and the area between the foamed plastic heat insulating material and the fastener is 25 to 15 mm.
By sandwiching a high-strength support plate of 0 cm ² , the outer wall material is attached using a fastener as in the conventional method. In this structure, the wind pressure acting on the outer wall material acts on the foamed plastic heat insulating material via the fastener and the high-strength support plate, but the above conditions prevent compression deformation of the foamed plastic heat insulating material.

According to the present invention, a ventilation gap is formed between the foamed plastic heat insulating material and the outer wall material by the thickness of the high-strength support plate, and the air flowing through the ventilation gap forms a back surface of the outer wall material. Releases moisture to the outside to prevent condensation on the back surface of the outer wall material.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the notch groove to be inserted into the shaft portion of the screw for fixing the fastener is formed on the high-strength support plate so as to face downward. By inserting the notched groove of the high-strength support plate into the shaft of the screw from above while the screw is loosely tightened into the base plate material, the high-strength support plate can be heated with a foamed plastic heat insulating material and a fastener. It can be sandwiched between.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the high-strength support plate is formed of any one of a hard fiber plate, a plastic molded plate, and a metal plate. All of these materials are inexpensive,
The demand for cost reduction is also satisfied.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
4 through FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a base plate material 22 (such as a structural plywood or OSB) is attached to the outside of a steel base plate 21 constituting a building frame by a stainless steel screw 23. A waterproof paper 24 is adhered to the surface of the base plate material 22, and a plate-like foamed plastic heat insulating material 25 is further stuck thereon.
Is surrounded by The foamed plastic heat insulating material 25 used here has a compressive strength of 0.8 kgf for the reason described later.
/ Cm ² or more of foamed plastic (polystyrene foam by bead method, polystyrene foam by extrusion method, rigid urethane foam, phenol foam).

Next, the mounting structure of the ceramic outer wall material 26 will be described with reference to FIGS. To a predetermined position on the surface of the foamed plastic heat insulating material 25 adhered to the base plate material 22, a fastener 28 is addressed via a high-strength support plate 27, for example, one stainless steel fixing the fastener 28. Screw 29 penetrates the foamed plastic heat insulating material 25 and is fastened to the base plate 22. The fastener 28
Is formed by, for example, extrusion molding of aluminum or sheet metal processing of a metal plate, and engages a real part formed at the upper and lower ends of the horizontally long outer wall material 26 with an engagement piece 30 formed on the fastener 28. By doing so, the outer wall material 26 is attached to the front surface side of the foamed plastic heat insulating material 25 via the attachment fitting 28. At the time of construction, a plurality of fasteners 28 are attached at predetermined intervals (0.455 m) along the lateral joints of the outer wall material 26.

On the other hand, the high-strength support plate 27 is a hard fiber board,
It is formed of any one of a plastic molded plate and a metal plate, and has an area larger than the area of the fastener 28 and 25 to 150 c.
It has become a m ^2. The high-strength support plate 27 includes
As shown in (a), a cutout groove 31 for a screw is formed downward. By inserting the cutout groove 31 of the high-strength support plate 27 from above into the shaft of the screw 29 while the screw 29 is loosely tightened into the base plate 22, the high-strength support plate 27 is kept in a foamed plastic insulating material. It can be sandwiched between the material 25 and the fastener 28.
Further, by setting the thickness of the high-strength support plate 27 to 1.0 to 20 mm, a ventilation gap penetrating vertically between the foamed plastic heat insulating material 25 and the outer wall material 26 as shown in FIG. 32 is formed, and moisture flowing on the back surface of the outer wall member 26 is released to the outside by the air flowing through the gap 32 for ventilation, thereby preventing dew condensation on the back surface of the outer wall member 26.

The vertical joints of the outer wall material 26 include:
As shown in FIG. 1, a hat joiner 33 is sandwiched on the back side, and a caulking material 34 is filled from the front side.

In the external heat insulating structure configured as described above, the wind pressure acting on the outer wall material 26 is applied to the foamed plastic heat insulating material 25 via the fastener 28 and the high-strength support plate 27.
Act on. Therefore, if the compressive strength of the foamed plastic heat insulating material 25 is weak, the foamed plastic heat insulating material 25 is compressed and deformed by wind pressure load. Also, the high-strength support plate 27
The smaller the area is, the larger the load per unit area applied to the foamed plastic heat insulating material 25 from the high-strength support plate 27, and the more easily the foamed plastic heat insulating material 25 is compressed and deformed. Therefore, the compression strength of the foamed plastic heat insulating material 25 required in the external heat insulation structure and the high strength support plate 27
The relationship with the area is discussed below.

The height at which the ceramic outer wall material 26 can be used as the outer wall of the semi-fireproof and fireproof structure is determined to be 13 m or less (three stories or less). On the other hand, the interval between the fasteners 28 for attaching the outer wall material 26 is usually 0.1 mm in both the vertical and horizontal directions.
455 m. Therefore, the fastener 2 per unit area
The number of 8 is 4.83 / m ² .

On the other hand, the wind pressure P of the building is as follows (Article 87 of the Ordinance for Enforcement of the Building Standards Act).

(Equation 1)

Accordingly, the load per fastener 28 is 173 ÷ 4.83 = 35.8 kg / piece. In this case, if the long-term safety factor is 3, the wind pressure load applied to one fastener 28 is 35.8 × 3 = 108 kg / piece.

The foamed plastic heat insulating material 25 is made of J
It is formed by a bead method polystyrene foam heat insulating plate, an extruded polystyrene foam heat insulating plate, a rigid urethane foam heat insulating plate, and a phenol foam heat insulating plate specified in IS A9551. Table 1 below shows the densities, flexural strengths, and compressive strengths of these heat retaining plates.

[0022]

[Table 1]

When the area of the high-strength support plate 27 that can withstand the wind pressure load (108 kg / piece) is calculated from the compressive strength of each heat insulating plate shown in Table 1, the following Table 2 is obtained.

[0024]

[Table 2]

As apparent from Tables 1 and 2,
It is necessary to increase the area of the high-strength support plate 27 as the compressive strength of the foamed plastic heat insulating material 25 decreases.
However, if the area of the high-strength support plate 27 is too large, not only does the workability deteriorate, but also the manufacturing cost of the high-strength support plate 27 increases. Therefore, in order to secure workability and cost performance, the area of the high-strength support plate 27 must be 25 to 150 cm.
Need to be ² . Those satisfying this condition are shown in Table 2 above.
Are indicated by "O" in the column of evaluation. Also, the area 25 ~
The compressive strength of the foamed plastic heat insulating material 25 that can withstand the wind pressure load (108 kg / piece) using the high-strength support plate 27 of 150 cm ² is 0.8 kgf / cm ² or more.

The present inventor has proposed a foamed plastic heat insulating material 25.
Type 2 and Type 3 of rigid urethane foam insulation board
Table 3 shows the results of the pressurization test.

[0027]

[Table 3]

As shown in FIG. 5, a sample 43 of a hard urethane foam heat insulating plate (foamed plastic heat insulating material 25) is set on a base 41 via a plywood 42 as shown in FIG. The high-strength support plate 27 is placed, and a load of 108 kg is applied thereto from above by the press 44,
The creep curve was observed.

In this pressurization test, the sample No.
In Nos. 1 and 3, the creep curve is within the elastic proportionality range because the pressing force per unit area applied to the sample 43 of the rigid urethane foam heat insulating plate (foamed plastic heat insulating material 25) is smaller than the JIS compressive strength. I can stand it.
On the other hand, the sample No. In Samples 2 and 4, the pressing force per unit area applied to the sample 43 of the rigid urethane foam heat insulating plate (foamed plastic heat insulating material 25) was larger than the JIS compressive strength, so that the sample 43 buckled. Therefore, the sample No. Nos. 2 and 4 cannot withstand wind pressure loads. From the results of the pressurization test, it is understood that the area of the high-strength support plate 27 must be set so that the pressing force per unit area is smaller than the JIS compressive strength.

In the above embodiment, the high-strength support plate 27 is used.
Since the cutout groove 31 for the screw is formed downward, the cutout groove 31 of the high-strength support plate 27 is inserted into the shaft of the screw 29 from above with the screw 29 loosely tightened into the base plate 22. Thereby, the high-strength support plate 29 can be sandwiched between the foamed plastic heat insulating material 25 and the fastener 28, and there is an advantage that workability can be improved. However, in the present invention, a screw insertion hole for inserting the screw 29 into the high-strength support plate 27 may be formed, and even in this case, the intended object of the present invention can be sufficiently achieved.

In the above embodiment, the fastener 28 is fixed with one screw 29 from the viewpoint of improving workability. However, the fastener 28 is fixed with two or more screws 29. Needless to say, this is acceptable.

In the above embodiment, the base pillar 21 is made of steel, but it may be made of wood.

In the above embodiment, the horizontally long outer wall material 2
Although the horizontal stretching method in which the upper and lower ends of 6 are engaged and held by the fasteners 28 is employed, a vertical stretching method in which the left and right ends of the vertically long outer wall material are engaged and held by fasteners may be employed.

[0034]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the external heat insulating structure for a building of the first aspect of the present invention, the foamed plastic heat insulating material has a compressive strength of 0.8 kgf / cm ² or more, and Since the high-strength support plate having an area of 25 to 150 cm ² is sandwiched between the heat insulating material and the fasteners, the outer wall material is formed using the fasteners in the same manner as the conventional method, while increasing the heat insulation performance by the external heat insulation structure. Can be stably attached, and workability and cost can be improved.

Further, according to the second aspect, a gap for ventilation is formed between the foamed plastic heat insulating material and the outer wall material by the thickness of the high-strength support plate, and the air flowing through the gap for ventilation forms a back surface of the outer wall material. It is possible to prevent dew condensation on the outer wall material and to improve the durability of the outer wall material.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the notch groove for the screw is formed downward in the high-strength support plate, the screw inserted through the fastener is loosely tightened into the base plate, and then the high-strength support plate is removed. Since it can be sandwiched between the foamed plastic heat insulating material and the fastener, the workability can be further improved.

Further, since the high-strength support plate is formed of a relatively inexpensive material such as a hard fiber plate, a plastic molded plate, or a metal plate, it is possible to satisfy the demand for cost reduction. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of an external heat insulation structure showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a mounting state of a fastener.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an attached state of a foamed plastic heat insulating material.

FIG. 4A is a perspective view of a high-strength support plate, and FIG. 4B is a perspective view showing a state in which a fastener is overlaid on the high-strength support plate.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a pressure test method.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing a conventional outer wall ventilation structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

21: foundation pillar (frame), 22: foundation board, 23: screw,
24 ... waterproof paper, 25 ... foamed plastic heat insulator, 26 ...
Outer wall material, 27: High-strength support plate, 28: Fastener, 29 ...
Screws, 30: engagement piece portion, 31: notched groove, 32: gap for ventilation, 33: hat joiner, 34: caulking material.

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Hideo Shimizu 1-Chome, Otemachi 3-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. (72) Inventor Kiyoshi Shirakawa 4-1, Higashitakasu-cho, Amagasaki City, Hyogo Prefecture (56) References JP-A-3-13639 (JP, A) JP-A-6-49918 (JP, A) JP-A-8-4139 (JP, A) JP-A-2-14437 (JP, A) A) JP-A-61-45046 (JP, A) JP-A-2-20605 (JP, U) JP-A-60-159105 (JP, U) JP-A-57-54506 (JP, U) JP3 −74730 (JP, U) Hikaru 2-149037 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E04B 1/76-1/80 E04F 13/18

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plate-shaped foamed plastic heat insulating material is attached to a base plate material attached to a building frame of a building, and a fixing bracket addressed to the surface side of the foamed plastic heat insulating material is fixed to the base plate material with a screw. And an outer heat insulating structure of a building to which an outer wall material is attached by the fastener, wherein the foamed plastic heat insulating material has a compressive strength of 0.8 kg.
f / cm ² or more of foamed plastic, between the foamed plastic heat insulating material and the fasteners,
An outside heat insulating structure for a building, wherein a high-strength support plate having an area of 25 to 150 cm ² is sandwiched. 2. The external heat insulation of a building according to claim 1, wherein a gap for ventilation is formed between the foamed plastic heat insulating material and the outer wall material by the thickness of the high-strength support plate. Construction. 3. The high-strength support plate is formed with a notch groove downwardly inserted into a shaft portion of a screw for fixing the fastener, and the screw is loosely tightened into the base plate material. By inserting the notch groove of the high-strength support plate into the screw shaft from above, the high-strength support plate can be sandwiched between the foamed plastic heat insulating material and the fastener. The external heat insulation structure of a building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: 4. The external heat insulation of a building according to claim 1, wherein the high-strength support plate is formed of any one of a hard fiber plate, a plastic molded plate, and a metal plate. Construction.