JP3301246B2 - Vehicle air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioner for a vehicle having a vapor compression cycle for circulating a refrigerant to a heat exchanger outside a vehicle compartment and a heat exchanger inside a vehicle compartment by driving a compressor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional air conditioner for a vehicle, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-290475 and Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 2-130808, the flow of refrigerant is controlled by a four-way valve during heating operation and cooling operation. In the heating operation, the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment is used as a heat sink, and the heat exchanger inside the vehicle is used as a radiator.
It is known that a heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment is used as a radiator and a heat exchanger inside the vehicle compartment is used as a heat absorber.

[0003] Specifically, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-290475
The cooling and heating device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. HEI 7-26511 will be described with reference to FIG. That is, during the heating operation, the four-way valve 2 is switched as shown by the solid line, and the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 1 → the four-way valve 2 → the first indoor heat exchanger 3 → the heating heat exchanger 4 → the second as shown by the solid line arrow. It circulates through the heat exchanger 5 inside the vehicle, the expansion valve 6, the heat exchanger 7 outside the vehicle, the four-way valve 2, the receiver 8, and the compressor 1. Then, the first vehicle interior heat exchanger 3 radiates the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 to the air introduced by the blower fan 9 to generate warm air for vehicle interior heating,
The heating heat exchanger 4 absorbs waste heat from the engine 10 into the refrigerant, and the second vehicle interior heat exchanger 5 radiates the heat of the refrigerant to the air introduced by the blower fan 11 for heating the vehicle interior. Hot air is generated, and the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 7 absorbs the heat of the outside air introduced by the fan 12 into the refrigerant. During cooling operation, four-way valve 2
Are switched as indicated by the dotted line, and the refrigerant is changed from the compressor 1 to the exterior heat exchanger 7 → the expansion valve 6 →
It circulates through the second vehicle interior heat exchanger 5 → the first vehicle interior heat exchanger 3 → the four-way valve 2 → the receiver 8 → the compressor 1. And
The exterior heat exchanger 7 radiates heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 to the outside air, and the first and second interior heat exchangers 3 and 5 heat the air introduced by the blower fans 9 and 11. Is radiated to the refrigerant to create cold air for vehicle interior cooling.

[0004]

In such a conventional example, the flow of the refrigerant is reversed by the four-way valve 2 between the heating operation and the cooling operation, and the heat exchanger 7 outside the passenger compartment is heated during the heating operation. As well as using the vehicle interior heat exchangers 3 and 5 as radiators to generate warm air for vehicle interior heating. During the cooling operation, the exterior heat exchanger 7 is used as a radiator, and the interior heat exchangers 3, 5 are used as heat absorbers to generate cold air for interior cooling. For this reason, when the heating operation is performed under climatic conditions such as when the outside air temperature is low, when the vehicle is running, when it rains, and when it snows, the amount of heat absorbed by the heat exchanger 7 outside the vehicle compartment decreases. For this reason, at the time of heating operation, it is necessary to absorb the waste heat from the engine 10 to generate warm air for heating the vehicle interior, which is not suitable for a vehicle having no large heat source such as a solar car or an electric car. . That is, compressor 1
Is assumed to be constant, the outside heat exchanger 7
The amount of heat radiation in the vehicle interior heat exchangers 3 and 5, which radiates the total amount of heat absorbed by the compressor and the work amount of the compressor 1, is reduced, and the heating capacity is reduced. In addition, under the above climatic conditions, a frost phenomenon is likely to occur, and the number of times of the defrost operation is increased, so that a stable heating operation may not be obtained.

Further, since the flow direction of the refrigerant changes between the cooling operation and the heating operation, both the pipes on the exterior heat exchanger 7 side and the interior heat exchangers 3, 5 endure high temperature and high pressure. You need to do that.

On the other hand, the applicant of the present application has filed Japanese Patent Application No. Hei.
No. 45950 proposes a new vehicle air conditioner. In this device, a heat-dissipating vehicle interior heat exchanger is provided in a vehicle interior in addition to a heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger, and switching is performed by a three-way valve. According to such a device, it is possible to improve the cooling and heating capacity with stable control irrespective of climatic conditions outside the vehicle compartment, without requiring a significant design change, suitable for electric vehicles, etc., and to perform dehumidifying heating. Can be.

[0007] Specifically, it is as shown in FIG.
During the heating operation, the three-way valve 32 is switched as shown by the solid line, and the refrigerant is compressed as shown by the solid line arrow from the compressor 31 → the three-way valve 32 → the heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation → the liquid tank 36 → the expansion valve 34 → the compartment for heat absorption. Heat exchanger 35 → Compressor 3
Cycle with 1. Then, the air introduced by the blower fan is cooled by heat exchange in the heat absorbing passenger compartment heat exchanger 35, is cooled and dehumidified, and is then warmed by heat exchange in the heat dissipating passenger compartment heat exchanger 33. Dehumidified warm air for heating is created.

During the cooling operation, the three-way valve 32 is switched as shown by the dotted line, and the refrigerant is compressed as shown by the dashed arrow 31 → the three-way valve 32 → the outside heat exchanger 38 → the check valve 70 → the heat-dissipating cabin. Heat exchanger 33 → liquid tank 36 → expansion valve 34 → heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption inside the car → compressor 31
And circulate. Then, the exterior heat exchanger 38 radiates heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 31 to the outside air,
The air introduced by the blower fan is cooled by heat exchange in the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35, thereby producing cold air for vehicle interior cooling.

[0009] In such a cooling and heating apparatus, the refrigerant flows around the outside heat exchanger 38 during the heating operation, so that the outside heat exchanger 38 freezes even when the outside air temperature is lower than 5 ° C. The air conditioner can be operated without being affected by the air conditioner.

On the other hand, the input to the compressor 31 is W, the heat quantity for cooling and dehumidifying the air in the heat absorbing passenger compartment heat exchanger 35 is QE, and the heat quantity for heating the air in the heat releasing passenger compartment heat exchanger 33 is QC. Then, the relationship W = QC-QE is established, and the heating amount of the air in the vehicle compartment is QC-QE. Therefore, the power of the compressor directly serves as a heating source of the air in the vehicle compartment, and the control of the compressor 31 Adjustment of vehicle interior temperature can be performed.

As described above, FIG. 42 proposed by the present applicant has been proposed.
The vehicle air conditioner has a great advantage in terms of air conditioning performance as compared with the conventional vehicle air conditioner shown in FIG.
However, the vehicle air conditioner proposed by the present applicant has room for improvement in the following points.

That is, in general, when a hermetic compressor having a built-in drive motor is used in a compressor, when the compressor starts operating from a stopped state, if there is a pressure difference between the compressor suction pressure and the discharge pressure,
Excessive load is applied to the shaft, and the possibility that the oil film of the bearing portion is broken increases. For this reason, it is necessary to start up from a state where the compressor suction pressure and the discharge pressure are balanced.

In this respect, in the conventional vehicle air conditioner as shown in FIG. 41, when the four-way valve 2 is switched, the compressor 1, the first heat exchanger 3, the second heat exchanger 5, the second heat exchanger 5, and the outside Since the refrigerant present in the heat exchanger 7 is mixed, the compressor suction pressure and the discharge pressure can be balanced in several minutes. However, in the cycle as shown in FIG. 42, since the flow direction of the refrigerant does not reverse between the cooling operation and the heating operation, the compressor suction pressure and the discharge pressure cannot be quickly balanced only by switching the three-way valve 32. The improvement has become a new issue.

Therefore, the present invention can improve the cooling and heating capacity by stable control without being influenced by the climatic conditions outside the vehicle compartment, does not require a significant design change, is suitable for electric vehicles, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle air conditioner that does not cause any inconvenience even when a hermetic compressor incorporating a drive motor is used.

[0015]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a first aspect of the present invention provides a compressor for adding work to a refrigerant, an external heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and outside air, and a heat exchanger for the refrigerant. A radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger that radiates heat to the air introduced by the blowing means to generate warm air, and an expansion unit that is connected to the refrigerant outflow side of the radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger and adiabatically expands the refrigerant, A heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger connected between a refrigerant outflow side of the expansion means and a refrigerant suction side of the compressor to absorb heat of air introduced by the air blowing means into the refrigerant to produce cool air; The low pressure part side of the cycle, the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor, one end of the exterior heat exchanger and the refrigerant inlet side of the heat radiation interior heat exchanger are connected to each other, and the discharge side of the compressor is selectively switched. Heat exchange outside the cabin A four-way valve connected to one of the heat exchanger and the heat-radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger, and a four-way valve connected between the other end of the vehicle exterior heat exchanger and the refrigerant inflow side of the heat-radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger. A first valve for preventing the flow of refrigerant from the heat-radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger to the vehicle-external heat exchanger, and a first valve between the four-way valve and a refrigerant inflow side of the heat-radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger. A second valve connected to prevent the flow of the refrigerant from the heat-radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger to the four-way valve; and a second valve connected between the four-way valve and one end of the vehicle exterior heat exchanger in a closed state. A flow path opening / closing means for blocking a refrigerant flow from the four-way valve to the exterior heat exchanger and allowing a refrigerant flow in a reverse direction, and an operation for issuing an operation stop signal in response to detection of a state requiring an operation stop Stop means, at least when the operation stop signal is issued from the operation stop means, The first valve, the second valve, and the expansion means are fully closed, and the four-way valve is switched according to the state of the cycle, and the high-pressure refrigerant on the compressor refrigerant discharge side flows to the exterior heat exchanger side, Control means for switching the four-way valve in accordance with the state of the above, and causing the high-pressure refrigerant in the heat exchanger outside the vehicle to flow into the refrigerant suction side of the compressor via the flow path opening / closing means in a closed state.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a compressor for adding work to a refrigerant, a vehicle exterior heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the outside air, and a heat exchanger for radiating heat of the refrigerant to air introduced by blowing means. A heat-exchange vehicle interior heat exchanger for producing wind, expansion means connected to a refrigerant outflow side of the heat-exchange vehicle interior heat exchanger for adiabatically expanding the refrigerant, a refrigerant outflow side of the expansion means and a refrigerant suction of the compressor. And a heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger that absorbs the heat of the air introduced by the blowing means into the refrigerant to generate cool air, and a refrigerant discharge side of the compressor and the vehicle exterior heat exchanger. A first valve connected between one end of the heat exchanger, a second valve connected between a refrigerant discharge side of the compressor and a refrigerant inflow side of the heat-radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger, The other end of the heat exchanger and the cooling A third valve that is connected between the heat exchanger and the inlet side and that blocks a flow of refrigerant from the heat-radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger to the vehicle exterior heat exchanger; and a refrigerant suction side of the compressor and the vehicle exterior heat exchanger. A fourth path provided in the bypass path, the fourth valve being provided in the bypass path and capable of blocking a refrigerant flow from the external heat exchanger to the refrigerant suction side of the compressor in a closed state; and a fourth valve. And between the refrigerant inlet side of the heat exchanger outside the vehicle, and in a closed state, blocks a refrigerant flow from the refrigerant suction side of the compressor toward the heat exchanger outside the vehicle to allow a reverse refrigerant flow. Flow path opening / closing means, operation stop means for issuing an operation stop signal in response to detection of a state in which operation stop is required, at least the second valve and the third valve when an operation stop signal is issued from the operation stop means. Fully closing the valve and the expansion means Opening the first valve according to the state of the cycle, flowing the high-pressure refrigerant on the compressor refrigerant discharge side to the heat exchanger side outside the vehicle, opening the fourth valve according to the state of the cycle, Control means for causing the high-pressure refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger to flow into the refrigerant suction side of the compressor via the flow path opening / closing means in a closed state.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a compressor for adding work to the refrigerant, a vehicle exterior heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the outside air, and a heat exchanger for radiating heat of the refrigerant to the air introduced by the blowing means. A heat-exchange vehicle interior heat exchanger for producing wind, expansion means connected to a refrigerant outflow side of the heat-exchange vehicle interior heat exchanger for adiabatically expanding the refrigerant, a refrigerant outflow side of the expansion means and a refrigerant suction of the compressor. And a heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger that absorbs the heat of the air introduced by the blowing means into the refrigerant to generate cool air, and a refrigerant discharge side of the compressor and the vehicle exterior heat exchanger. One end is connected to the refrigerant inflow side of the heat-dissipating interior heat exchanger, and the discharge side of the compressor is selectively switched to one of the exterior heat exchanger and the heat-dissipation interior heat exchanger. Three-way valve connected to Is connected between the refrigerant inflow side of the vehicle exterior heat exchanger and the other end to the heat-radiating inner heat exchanger,
A first valve for preventing a flow of a refrigerant from the heat radiation interior heat exchanger to the exterior heat exchanger, and a first valve connected between the three-way valve and a refrigerant inflow side of the heat radiation interior heat exchanger; A second valve for preventing a refrigerant flow from the heat-radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger to the three-way valve; a bypass path connecting a refrigerant suction side of the compressor to the vehicle exterior heat exchanger; A third valve that is provided in the closed state and that can prevent the flow of refrigerant from the outside heat exchanger to the refrigerant suction side of the compressor in a closed state; and a third valve and a refrigerant inflow side of the outside heat exchanger. And a flow path opening / closing means which is connected between the compressor and the closed state to block a refrigerant flow from the refrigerant suction side of the compressor to the exterior heat exchanger and allow a reverse refrigerant flow; Shutdown operator that issues a shutdown signal in response to state detection And when an operation stop signal is issued from the operation stop means, at least the first valve, the second valve, and the expansion means are fully closed, and the three-way valve is switched according to the state of a cycle to switch the compressor refrigerant. The flow path opening / closing unit that causes the high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side to flow to the heat exchanger outside the vehicle interior, opens the third valve according to the state of the cycle, and closes the high-pressure refrigerant inside the heat exchanger outside the vehicle interior. And control means for flowing the refrigerant into the refrigerant suction side of the compressor.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the air conditioner for a vehicle according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the control means discharges the air from the compressor with the flow path opening / closing means closed. Flowing high-pressure refrigerant toward the heat exchanger outside the vehicle,
Thereafter, the flow passage opening / closing means is opened to allow the refrigerant to flow into the exterior heat exchanger.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the cooling / heating apparatus for a vehicle according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the flow path opening / closing means has a directionality with respect to a refrigerant flow flowing inside.
When the refrigerant flow is allowed in a closed state, the two-way valve acts as a pressure reducing means.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the air conditioner for a vehicle according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the flow path opening / closing means is opened when power is not supplied to allow the refrigerant flow. I do.

A seventh aspect of the present invention provides a compressor for adding work to a refrigerant, a vehicle exterior heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the outside air, a vehicle interior heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the inside air,
The refrigerant suction side of the compressor, the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor, the exterior heat exchanger, and the interior heat exchanger are connected to each other, and the discharge side of the compressor is selectively switched to the exterior heat exchanger. A four-way valve connected to one of the vehicle interior heat exchangers, an expansion means provided between the vehicle exterior heat exchanger and the vehicle interior heat exchanger for adiabatically expanding refrigerant, the four-way valve, A passage opening / closing means for an exterior heat exchanger which is provided between the exterior heat exchanger and a refrigerant flow which, when closed, blocks a refrigerant flow from the four-way valve toward the exterior heat exchanger and allows a reverse refrigerant flow. And between the four-way valve and the vehicle interior heat exchanger, and in a closed state, prevents the refrigerant flow from the four-way valve toward the vehicle interior heat exchanger and allows the reverse refrigerant flow. Channel opening and closing means for exchanger Operation stop means for issuing an operation stop signal in response to detection of a state in which operation stop is required, and at least the vehicle interior heat exchanger flow passage opening / closing means and the expansion means when a cooling operation stop signal is issued from the operation stop means. Is fully closed, the four-way valve is switched according to the state of the cycle, the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor flows to the outside heat exchanger side, and the four-way valve is switched according to the state of the cycle, and the outside heat is switched. Control means for causing the high-pressure refrigerant in the exchanger to flow into the refrigerant suction side of the compressor via the external heat exchanger flow path opening / closing means in a closed state.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the air conditioner for a vehicle according to the seventh aspect, wherein the control means discharges the air from the compressor in a state in which the passage opening / closing means for the outside heat exchanger is closed. The high-pressure refrigerant flows toward the outside heat exchanger.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle air conditioner according to the seventh aspect, the flow path opening / closing means for the heat exchanger outside the vehicle has a directionality with respect to the flow of the refrigerant flowing therein, and is closed. When the refrigerant flow is permitted by the above, the two-way valve acts as a pressure reducing means.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle air conditioner of the seventh aspect, the passage opening / closing means for the outside heat exchanger is opened when power is not supplied to allow the refrigerant flow.

An eleventh aspect of the present invention provides a compressor for adding work to a refrigerant, a vehicle exterior heat exchanger for exchanging heat between refrigerant and outside air, a vehicle interior heat exchanger for exchanging heat between refrigerant and inside air, The refrigerant suction side of the compressor, the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor, the exterior heat exchanger, and the interior heat exchanger are connected to each other, and selectively discharge the refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the exterior heat exchanger and to the exterior heat exchanger. A four-way valve for discharging to one of the vehicle interior heat exchangers; an expansion means provided between the external heat exchanger and the vehicle interior heat exchanger for adiabatically expanding the refrigerant; the four-way valve and the vehicle Provided between the outdoor heat exchanger, and in the closed state, a flow path opening / closing means for the outdoor heat exchanger that allows a reverse refrigerant flow by blocking a refrigerant flow from the four-way valve toward the outdoor heat exchanger. The four-way valve and the A channel opening / closing means for a vehicle interior heat exchanger which is provided between the indoor heat exchanger and blocks a refrigerant flow from the four-way valve to the vehicle interior heat exchanger in a closed state to allow a reverse refrigerant flow. A stop means for issuing a stop signal in response to detection of a state requiring stop,
When a heating operation stop signal is issued from the operation stop means, at least the outside-cabin heat exchanger flow path opening / closing means and the expansion means are fully closed, and the four-way valve is switched according to the state of the cycle and discharged from the compressor. Flowing the high-pressure refrigerant to the vehicle interior heat exchanger side, switching the four-way valve according to the state of the cycle, and closing the high-pressure refrigerant in the vehicle interior heat exchanger to the vehicle interior heat exchanger passage opening / closing means. Control means for flowing the refrigerant into the refrigerant suction side of the compressor.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle air conditioner according to the eleventh aspect, the control means discharges the air from the compressor in a state where the passage opening / closing means for the vehicle interior heat exchanger is closed. The high-pressure refrigerant flows toward the heat exchanger in the vehicle interior.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle air conditioner according to the eleventh aspect, the passage opening / closing means for the vehicle interior heat exchanger has a directionality with respect to a flow of the refrigerant flowing therein, and is closed. When the refrigerant flow is permitted by the above, the two-way valve acts as a pressure reducing means.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the air conditioner for a vehicle according to the eleventh aspect, wherein the passage opening / closing means for the vehicle interior heat exchanger is opened when power is not supplied to allow the refrigerant flow. .

[0029]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, during the cooling operation, the compressor drives the refrigerant so that the refrigerant flows from the compressor to the four-way valve, only the exterior heat exchanger, or the exterior heat exchanger and the heat radiation interior heat exchanger. Circulating to the compressor through the expansion means and the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger in order, and the exterior heat exchanger radiates the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the outside air, and The exchanger absorbs the heat of the air introduced by the blowing means into the refrigerant to produce cool air.

During the heating operation, the refrigerant is circulated from the compressor to the compressor through the four-way valve, the heating vehicle interior heat exchanger, the expansion means, and the heat absorption vehicle interior heat exchanger in this order by driving the compressor. The heat exchanger radiates the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the air introduced by the blowing means to create warm air, and the heat-absorbing interior heat exchanger converts the heat of the air introduced by the blowing means to the refrigerant. Absorb heat to make cold air.

Here, the temperature of the air introduced by the blowing means is:
Since an appropriate temperature is maintained by circulating and supplying air, a sufficient heating effect can be obtained even when the outside air is at a low temperature.

When the operation stop signal is issued, the first valve, the second valve, and the expansion means are closed, so that the high-pressure working refrigerant therebetween is sealed. Further, the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor when the operation is stopped is switched to a four-way valve according to the state of the cycle and flows to the vehicle exterior heat exchanger. Furthermore, the high-pressure refrigerant in the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment is switched through the four-way valve according to the state of the cycle, passed through the closed channel opening / closing means, and flows into the compressor suction side in a reduced pressure state.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, during the cooling operation, the compressor drives the refrigerant so that the refrigerant flows from the compressor to the first valve, only the exterior heat exchanger, or between the exterior heat exchanger and the heat radiation interior heat exchanger. Both, the expansion means and the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger circulate to the compressor in order, and the exterior heat exchanger radiates the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the outside air, and the heat absorbing interior heat exchange The vessel absorbs the heat of the air introduced by the blowing means into the refrigerant to produce cool air.

During the heating operation, the refrigerant is circulated from the compressor to the compressor through the second valve, the radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger, the expansion means, and the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger in this order by driving the compressor. The vehicle interior heat exchanger radiates the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the air introduced by the air blowing means to generate warm air, and the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger heats the air introduced by the air blowing means. Endothermic to make cold air.

Here, the temperature of the air introduced by the blowing means is
Since an appropriate temperature is maintained by circulating and supplying air, a sufficient heating effect can be obtained even when the outside air is at a low temperature.

When the operation stop signal is issued, the second valve, the third valve, and the expansion means are closed, so that the high-pressure working refrigerant therebetween is sealed. When the operation is stopped, the high-pressure refrigerant on the compressor discharge side opens the first valve according to the state of the cycle and is discharged to the heat exchanger outside the vehicle. In addition, the high-pressure refrigerant in the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment is allowed to pass through the passage opening / closing means in the closed state by opening the fourth valve in accordance with the state of the cycle, and flows into the compressor suction in a reduced pressure state.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, during the cooling operation, the compressor drives the refrigerant so that the refrigerant flows from the compressor to the four-way valve, only the outside heat exchanger, or both the outside heat exchanger and the heat radiating inside heat exchanger. The heat is circulated to the compressor through the expansion means and the heat-absorbing interior heat exchanger in order, and the external heat exchanger radiates the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the outside air. The heat of the air introduced by the blowing means is absorbed by the refrigerant to produce cool air.

During the heating operation, the refrigerant is circulated from the compressor to the compressor through the four-way valve, the heat-dissipating cabin heat exchanger, the expansion means, and the heat-absorbing cabin heat exchanger in this order by driving the compressor. The heat exchanger radiates the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the air introduced by the blowing means to create warm air, and the heat-absorbing interior heat exchanger converts the heat of the air introduced by the blowing means to the refrigerant. Absorb heat to make cold air.

Here, the temperature of the air introduced by the blowing means is
Since an appropriate temperature is maintained by circulating and supplying air, a sufficient heating effect can be obtained even when the outside air is at a low temperature.

When the operation stop signal is issued, the first valve, the second valve, and the expansion means are closed, so that the high-pressure working refrigerant therebetween is sealed. When the operation is stopped, the high-pressure refrigerant on the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor is discharged to the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment by switching the three-way valve according to the state of the cycle. The high-pressure refrigerant in the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment
Since the third valve is opened according to the state of the cycle and can be passed through the closed channel opening / closing means, it flows into the compressor suction in a reduced pressure state.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the function of any one of the first to third aspects of the present invention, the high-pressure refrigerant on the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor is supplied to the outside heat exchanger side with the flow path opening and closing means closed. The refrigerant is discharged, and then the flow path opening / closing means is opened to allow the refrigerant to flow into the exterior heat exchanger, so that the speed at which the refrigerant flows into the exterior heat exchanger is reduced.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the function of any one of the first to third aspects, when a two-way valve is used as the flow path opening / closing means and the refrigerant flow is allowed in a closed state, the pressure is reduced. Act as a means.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the passage opening / closing means provided in the passage of the high-pressure refrigerant flowing from the refrigerant discharge of the compressor to the heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment is opened when the power is not supplied.
Even if the electricity is not supplied due to some abnormality, the cycle is not stopped due to an increase in the compressor discharge pressure.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, during the cooling operation, the refrigerant is circulated from the compressor to the compressor via the four-way valve, the heat exchanger outside the vehicle, the expansion means, and the heat exchanger inside the vehicle by the driving of the compressor. The outdoor heat exchanger radiates the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the outside air, and the vehicle interior heat exchanger absorbs the heat of the air introduced by the air blowing means into the refrigerant to produce cool air.

During the heating operation, the compressor drives the refrigerant to circulate from the compressor to the compressor through the four-way valve, the heat exchanger inside the vehicle, the expansion means, and the heat exchanger outside the vehicle in this order. The heat of the discharged high-temperature refrigerant is radiated to the air introduced by the air blowing means to generate warm air, and the heat exchanger outside the vehicle absorbs the heat of the air introduced by the air blowing means to the refrigerant to generate cool air.

When the cooling operation stop signal is issued, the passage opening / closing means for the heat exchanger in the vehicle compartment and the expansion means are closed.
During this time, the low-pressure working refrigerant is sealed. When the operation is stopped, the high-pressure refrigerant on the compressor discharge side is switched to the four-way valve in accordance with the state of the cycle and discharged to the heat exchanger outside the vehicle. In addition, the high-pressure refrigerant in the exterior heat exchanger is switched through the four-way valve according to the state of the cycle and allowed to pass through the closed exterior heat exchanger passage opening / closing means. Flows into.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the function of the seventh aspect of the present invention, the high-pressure refrigerant on the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor is transferred to the outside heat exchanger side with the exterior heat exchanger passage opening / closing means closed. The refrigerant is discharged, and then the flow path opening / closing means for the exterior heat exchanger is opened to flow into the exterior heat exchanger, so that the speed at which the refrigerant flows into the exterior heat exchanger is reduced.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the function of the seventh aspect of the present invention, when a two-way valve is used as the passage opening / closing means for the exterior heat exchanger and the refrigerant flow is allowed in a closed state, the pressure is reduced. Act as a means.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the function of the seventh aspect, the outside-vehicle heat exchanger channel opening / closing means provided in the passage of the high-pressure refrigerant flowing from the refrigerant discharge of the compressor to the outside heat exchanger is provided. In addition, since it is opened when the power is turned off, even if the power is turned off due to some abnormality, the cycle stop due to an increase in the compressor discharge pressure during the cooling operation does not occur.

According to the eleventh aspect, at the time of cooling operation,
By driving the compressor, the refrigerant circulates from the compressor to the compressor through the four-way valve, the exterior heat exchanger, the expansion means, and the interior heat exchanger in order, and the exterior heat exchanger removes the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor. The heat is radiated to the outside air, and the vehicle interior heat exchanger absorbs the heat of the air introduced by the blowing means into the refrigerant to produce cool air.

During the heating operation, the refrigerant is circulated from the compressor to the compressor via the four-way valve, the heat exchanger inside the vehicle, the expansion means, and the heat exchanger outside the vehicle by the driving of the compressor. The heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor is radiated to the air introduced by the blowing means to generate hot air, and the heat exchanger outside the vehicle absorbs the heat of the air introduced by the blowing means to the refrigerant to generate cool air. create.

Here, the temperature of the air introduced by the blowing means is
Since an appropriate temperature is maintained by circulating and supplying air, a sufficient heating effect can be obtained even when the outside air is at a low temperature.

When the heating operation stop signal is issued, the passage opening / closing means for the heat exchanger outside the vehicle and the expansion means are closed, so that the low-pressure working refrigerant therebetween is sealed. When the operation is stopped, the high-pressure refrigerant on the compressor discharge side is discharged into the vehicle interior heat exchanger by switching the four-way valve according to the state of the cycle. In addition, the high-pressure refrigerant in the heat exchanger inside the vehicle interior switches the four-way valve according to the state of the cycle and is allowed to pass through the passage opening / closing means for the heat exchanger inside the vehicle interior in a closed state. Inflow.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the function of the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the high-pressure refrigerant on the compressor discharge side is discharged to the vehicle interior heat exchanger with the vehicle interior heat exchanger passage opening / closing means closed. Thereafter, the flow path opening / closing means for the vehicle interior heat exchanger is opened to flow into the vehicle interior heat exchanger, so that the speed at which the refrigerant flows into the vehicle interior heat exchanger decreases.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the operation of the eleventh aspect, when a two-way valve is used as a passage opening / closing means for a vehicle interior heat exchanger and the refrigerant flow is allowed in a closed state, the pressure is reduced. Act as a means.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the function of the eleventh aspect, a flow path opening / closing means for a vehicle interior heat exchanger provided in a passage of a high-pressure refrigerant flowing from a refrigerant discharge side of a compressor to a vehicle interior heat exchanger. Is open when power is not supplied,
Even if the electricity is not supplied due to some abnormality, the stoppage of the cycle due to an increase in the compressor discharge pressure during the heating operation does not occur.

[0057]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a vehicle air conditioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a cycle configuration diagram of the vehicle air conditioner. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the refrigeration cycle of the vehicle air conditioner includes a compressor 31 and a heat exchanger 3 outside the vehicle compartment.
8, a heat-exchange vehicle interior heat exchanger 33, an expansion valve 34 as expansion means, and a heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35.

The compressor 31 is provided outside the vehicle compartment such as an engine room, and an electric compressor or a hydraulic compressor or the like is used and the input value can be directly varied. In this embodiment, a hermetic compressor incorporating a drive motor is used. The outside-cabin exchanger 38 is provided outside of the cabin at a front portion of the vehicle body and serves as an outside-cabin condenser that radiates heat of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 31 to the outside air. The heat-dissipating vehicle interior heat exchanger 33 is provided in a duct 39 as an apparatus body disposed at the front of the vehicle interior such as the back side of the instrument panel. The heat-dissipating cabin heat exchanger 33 is a heat-dissipating cabin condenser that dissipates the heat of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 31 to the air introduced by the blower fan 37 as a blower. The expansion valve 34 adiabatically expands the liquid refrigerant to form a mist. The heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 includes a blower fan 3.
The heat of the air introduced by 7 is absorbed by the refrigerant supplied from at least one of the exterior heat exchanger 38 and the heat radiation interior heat exchanger 33 through the expansion valve 34 to form an endothermic evaporator that produces cool air. I have.

The connection relationship between the compressor 31, the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment, the heat exchanger 33 for heat radiation inside the vehicle, the expansion valve 34, and the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption inside the vehicle is as follows. That is, the four-way valve 73 is connected to the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 31 via the pipe 103. The four-way valve 73 is connected to one end of the exterior heat exchanger 38, that is, the refrigerant inflow side in this embodiment via a pipe 105. The four-way valve 73 is connected to the pipe 107 via the first bypass 80. The pipe 107 connects the other end of the exterior heat exchanger 38, that is, the refrigerant outflow side and the refrigerant inflow side of the heat radiation interior heat exchanger 33 in this embodiment. Therefore, the four-way valve 73 is configured to be connected to the refrigerant inflow side of the heat-radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger 33. The four-way valve 73 is further connected to a pipe 109 via a second bypass 82. The pipe 109 connects the refrigerant suction side of the compressor 31 and the refrigerant outflow side of the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger 35. Therefore, the four-way valve 73 is connected to the low-pressure portion of the refrigeration cycle through the second bypass passage 82,
That is, the compressor 31 is connected to the refrigerant suction side. The refrigerant outflow side of the heat dissipation vehicle interior heat exchanger 33 and the refrigerant inflow side of the heat absorption interior heat exchanger 35 are connected by a pipe 111. This pipe 111
In addition to the expansion valve 34, a liquid tank 36 is interposed.

Next, a first two-way valve 77 as a first valve is connected to the outflow side of the outside heat exchanger 38 in the pipe 107, and the other end of the outside heat exchanger 38 is connected to a heat release port. The first valve is connected between the vehicle interior heat exchanger 33 and the refrigerant inflow side. A second two-way valve 78 as a second valve is interposed in the first bypass passage 80, and a second two-way valve 78 is provided between the four-way valve 73 and the refrigerant inflow side of the heat-exchange vehicle interior heat exchanger 33. The valve is connected. A third two-way valve 100 as a passage opening / closing means is interposed in the pipe 105 between the four-way valve 73 and the outside heat exchanger 38, and is connected to one end of the four-way valve 73 and one end of the outside heat exchanger 38. The flow path opening / closing means is connected between them.

Next, the four-way valve 73 and the first, second, and third valves 77, 78, and 100 are configured to be controlled by a signal from the control device 43. The four-way valve 73 is switched to the cooling side as shown by a dotted line in a state where no power is supplied,
The discharge side of the compressor 31 is connected to the refrigerant inflow side of the heat-radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger 33 via the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38 and the first two-way valve 77. The first two-way valve 77 allows the flow of the refrigerant from the outside heat exchanger 38 to the heat radiating interior heat exchanger 33, and allows the refrigerant to flow from the heat radiating interior heat exchanger 33 to the outside heat exchanger 3.
It is opened and closed so as to prevent the flow of the refrigerant to 8, and is closed when power is not supplied. The second two-way valve 78 allows the flow of the refrigerant from the four-way valve 73 to the heat-radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger 33 and prevents the flow of the refrigerant from the heat-radiation vehicle interior heat exchanger 33 to the four-way valve 73. When the operation is stopped, it is closed at the same time as the compressor stops. The third two-way valve 100 has a forward direction from the four-way valve 73 to the exterior heat exchanger 38 so as not to cause a resistance to the refrigerant flow during the cooling operation. That is, the third two-way valve 100 blocks the flow of the refrigerant from the four-way valve 73 to the outside heat exchanger 38 in the closed state, and allows the refrigerant flow in the opposite direction. Then, the third two-way valve 100 is opened due to no power supply, so that even if power cannot be supplied due to an unexpected situation, the compressor discharge pressure does not increase. As the expansion valve 34, an electric expansion valve is used, and the valve opening is controlled by the control device 43.

The switching between the cooling and heating operations is performed by a four-way valve 73, a first two-way valve 77, and a second two-way valve 78. During the cooling operation, the discharge side of the compressor 31 and the outside heat exchanger 38 are connected, and the four-way valve 73 is switched so as to connect the second bypass passage 82 and the first bypass passage 80. The one-way valve 77 is opened, and the second two-way valve 78 is closed. Further, when the operation stop signal of the cooling / heating device is issued, the first two-way valve 77, the second two-way valve 78, and the expansion valve 34 are fully closed. During the heating operation, the discharge side of the compressor 31 is connected to the first bypass passage 80 as shown by the solid line, and the second bypass passage 82 is connected to the outside heat exchanger 3.
The four-way valve 73 is switched so as to connect
The two-way valve 77 is closed, and the second two-way valve 78 is opened. As shown in the time charts of FIGS. 3 and 4, the four-way valve 73 is switched in accordance with the state of the cycle, the high-pressure refrigerant on the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 31 flows to the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle, and the cycle state The three-way valve 73 is switched in accordance with the pressure, and the high pressure refrigerant in the exterior heat exchanger 38 is closed, and the compressor 3 is switched through the third two-way valve 100.
The first refrigerant is controlled to flow into the refrigerant suction side. This control is performed by the control device 43, and the control device 43 in this sense constitutes the control means of the embodiment of the present invention. Further, the control device 43 also constitutes operation stop means for generating an operation stop signal in response to an operation of the occupant or detection of an operation abnormality.

At an upstream side of the heat-absorbing heat exchanger 35 in the duct 39, there is provided an inside air inlet 40 for introducing air inside the vehicle.
And an outside air inlet 41 for receiving outside wind pressure to introduce outside air. The inside air inlet 40 and the outside air inlet 4
An intake door 42 that opens and closes the inside air inlet 40 and the outside air inlet 41 at an arbitrary ratio is provided at a portion where 1 is branched. The air inlet side (downstream side of the air flow) between the inside air inlet 40 and the outside air inlet 41 and the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger 3
5, the blower fan 37 is disposed, and is rotatably driven by a blower fan motor 44 driven by the control device 43.

On the upstream side of the heat-dissipating interior heat exchanger 33,
An air mix door 46 is provided. The air mixing door 46 is cooled by passing through the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 and bypassing the heat releasing vehicle interior heat exchanger 33 by an air mixing door actuator (not shown) driven by the control device 43. The ratio of the cold air that has been kept cold and the hot air that has cooled through the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 and has cooled through the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 (the cold air and the warm air). It opens and closes to adjust the air volume distribution with the wind). Air mix door opening Xds, the opening of air mix door 46
c indicates that when the air mix door 46 is at the position shown by the dashed line and the air volume distribution between the cool air and the hot air is 100% of the cool air, the air mix door opening Xdsc = 0% (fully closed), The air mix door opening Xdsc = 100% (fully open) is set when the mix door 46 is at the position shown by the two-dot chain line and the air volume distribution between the cool air and the hot air is 100%.

An air mix chamber 47 as a room for generating temperature-controlled conditioned air by improving the mixing of the cold air and the hot air is provided downstream of the heat exchanger 33 in the duct 39 for heat radiation. Is provided. The air mix chamber 47 includes a ventilator outlet 51 that blows conditioned air toward the upper body of the target occupant (not shown), a foot outlet 52 that blows conditioned air toward the feet of the target occupant,
A defroster outlet 53 that blows out conditioned air toward a front window glass (not shown) is provided continuously. In the air mix chamber 47, a ventilator door 55, a foot door 56, and a defroster door 57 are provided.
The ventilator door 55 opens and closes the ventilator outlet 51 with a ventilator door actuator (not shown) driven by the control device 43. The foot door 56 opens and closes the foot outlet 52 by an unillustrated foot door actuator driven by the control device 43. Defroster door 5
7 opens and closes the defroster outlet 53 by a defroster door actuator (not shown) driven by the control device 43.

The control unit 43 includes a heat absorption sensor for the heat absorption in the vehicle interior heat exchanger, an air temperature sensor for the heat absorption in the vehicle interior heat absorption vent 59, a ventilator air outlet temperature sensor 60, a solar radiation sensor 61, and an outside air temperature sensor. 62, a room temperature sensor 63, a room temperature setting device 64, an outlet mode switch 65, a blower fan switch 66, an air temperature sensor 68 for a blown air in a vehicle heat exchanger for heat radiation.
From the thermal environment information input means such as the above, the suction air temperature Tsuc of the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35, the blown air temperature Tout of the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35, and the blown air temperature Tv of the heat radiation vehicle interior heat exchanger 33 are obtained. And ventilator outlet 51
The thermal environment information such as the blown air temperature Tvent, the solar radiation amount Qsun of the vehicle, the outside air temperature Tamb outside the vehicle compartment, the detected temperature (vehicle interior air temperature) Troom and the set temperature Tptc in the vehicle compartment are detected. Then, target air-conditioning conditions such as the air mix door opening Xdsc, the input value Wcomp of the compressor 31, the air flow Veva passing through the heat-absorbing indoor heat exchanger 35, and the target air-conditioning air temperature Tof are calculated. Drives the compressor 31, the blower fan motor 44, the air mix door actuator, the ventilator door actuator, the foot door actuator, the defroster door actuator, and the like such that the target cooling / heating condition is maintained.

During the cooling operation with the above structure, the first two-way valve 77 is opened, the second two-way valve 78 is closed, the expansion valve 34 is opened, and the third two-way valve is opened as shown in the time chart of FIG. Valve 100
Is opened, and the four-way valve 73 is switched to the cooling side as shown by the dotted line in FIG. Therefore, the four-way valve 73 is switched as shown by the dotted lines in FIGS.
Four-way valve 73 → Third two-way valve 100 → Outside heat exchanger 38
→ The first two-way valve 77 → the heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation inside the vehicle → the liquid tank 36 → the expansion valve 34 → the heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption inside the car → the compressor 31 circulates. The heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the radiator is radiated to the outside air, and the remaining heat is radiated by the radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger 33 to the air introduced by the blower fan 37 or the air introduced by the ram pressure when the vehicle is running. Then, the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 absorbs the heat of the air introduced by the blower fan 37 or the air introduced by the ram pressure during traveling of the vehicle into the refrigerant to produce cool air.

During the heating operation, the first two-way valve 77 is closed, the second two-way valve 78 is open, and the expansion valve 34 is open as shown in the time chart of FIG. Is switched to the heating side as shown by the solid line. Third two-way valve 100
Is closed or open depending on the state of the cycle. Accordingly, the four-way valve 73 is switched as shown by the solid line in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the refrigerant is changed from the compressor 31 to the four-way valve 73 to the second
Two-way valve 78 → heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation → liquid tank 3
6 → expansion valve 34 → heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 → compressor 31 circulates, and heat-radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger 33 circulates heat of high-temperature refrigerant discharged from compressor 31 by blower fan 37. Alternatively, warm air is generated by radiating heat to the air introduced by the ram pressure when the vehicle is running, and the heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 is air introduced by the blower fan 37 or air introduced by the ram pressure when the vehicle is running. The heat of the heat is absorbed by the refrigerant to produce cold air.

In the embodiment of the present invention, particularly, the compressor suction pressure and the discharge pressure are balanced in a short time after the operation of the apparatus is stopped, and further, the generation of the refrigerant noise is suppressed to improve the mechanical point. .

FIG. 3 shows an overall control flow.

When the ignition switch is turned on and the control device 43 is energized, control of the air conditioner is started in step S1.

In step S2, as an initial setting, an abnormality check of sensors and an initial setting of actuators are performed.

At step S3, the blower switch is turned on.
It is determined whether or not the blower switch is ON, and the process proceeds to step S7, and if the blower switch is OFF, the process proceeds to step S4.

In step S4, it is determined whether the compressor 31 is operating. When the compressor is operating, that is, when the blower switch is turned off during the operation in the cooling mode or the heating mode, the process proceeds to step S5 to perform the operation stop control described later, and the air conditioner operation is performed in step S6. To stop. On the other hand, if the compressor 31 is not operating in step S4, that is, if the blower switch is turned off during the operation in the air blowing mode, the operation proceeds to step S6 to stop the operation of the air conditioner. When stopping the operation of the air conditioner in step S6, each actuator is brought into a predetermined state, and then the operation is stopped.

If the blower switch is ON in step S3, the process proceeds to step S7, in which the outside air temperature, the indoor temperature, the heat intake air temperature of the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger, the air temperature of the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger blowout air, the solar radiation, etc. And the actuator output such as compressor frequency, blower voltage, intake door opening, and mixed door opening.

In step S8, the blow mode is selected according to the setting of the occupant. Here, it is assumed that the blowing mode is manually set by the occupant,
When the control is performed by the automatic control, the control may be performed by a control in a cooling mode, a control in a heating mode, or a control in a ventilation mode, which will be described later.

In step S9, whether or not the compressor is operating is determined by the compressor switch. When the compressor switch is ON, the process proceeds to step S10 to operate the compressor 31 to perform the cooling mode or the heating mode, and when the compressor switch is OFF, the process proceeds to step S14 to perform the air blowing mode.

In step S10, a target outlet temperature is calculated using the sensor output detected in step S7.

In step S11, an operation mode is selected according to the target blow-out temperature calculated in step S10 and the heat load state of the vehicle detected in step S7. When performing the cooling operation, the process proceeds to step S12 to perform control in the cooling mode. When performing the heating operation, the process proceeds to step S13 to perform control in the heating mode, and returns to step S3 again. Control of the blower voltage, compressor frequency, intake door opening, air mix door opening, valve switching, and the like are performed by control in the cooling mode in step S12 and control in the heating mode in step S13.

In step S9, the compressor switch is turned on.
In the case of FF, the process proceeds to step S14.

In step S14, the compressor 3
It is determined whether or not No. 1 is driven. When the compressor is operating, that is, when the compressor switch is turned off during the operation in the cooling mode or the heating mode, the process proceeds to step S15 to perform the operation stop control described later, and in step S16 the blowing mode is performed. After performing the time control, the process returns to step S3. On the other hand, step S1
If the compressor 31 is not operating in step 4, the process proceeds to step S16 to continue the control in the air blowing mode, and then returns to step S3.

When an abnormal operation is detected during the operation of the compressor 31, the process forcibly jumps to step S4 or step S14 to stop the air conditioner or operate in the air blowing mode. The operation at the time of stopping the operation will be described with reference to the time charts of FIGS.

First, the control when the cooling operation is stopped is performed according to the time chart of FIG.

When an operation stop signal for terminating the cooling operation is issued at time t1, the operation of the compressor 31 is turned off, and at the same time, the first two-way valve 77, the second two-way valve 78, and the expansion valve 34 are closed. . As a result, most of the high-pressure refrigerant is sealed between the first two-way valve 77, the second two-way valve 78, and the expansion valve. Therefore, most of the movement of the high-pressure refrigerant is eliminated, and the refrigerant noise caused by flowing into the heat absorbing passenger compartment heat exchanger 35 and the like can be suppressed. Further, the four-way valve 73 and the third two-way valve 100 maintain the state at the time of the cooling operation until the time t2 when the compressor 31 reliably stops.
This is caused by the reverse flow of the refrigerant to the suction side of the compressor 31 generated when the four-way valve 73 is switched, and the compressor 3
No. 1 performs liquid compression to prevent the discharge pressure from rising.

When the compressor 31 is completely stopped at time t2, the third two-way valve 100 is closed.

At time t3, the four-way valve 73 is switched from the cooling side to the heating side with the third two-way valve 100 closed. By switching the four-way valve 73 to the heating side in this way, the outside heat exchanger 38 and the suction side of the compressor 31 communicate with each other, and the third two-way valve 100 is connected to the outside heat exchanger 3.
Pressure acts from the 8 side to the four-way valve 73 side. Here, the third two-way valve 100 is installed such that the direction from the four-way valve 73 to the exterior heat exchanger 38 is forward, and the third two-way valve 100
When the pressure is applied in the forward direction, the flow of the refrigerant can be shut off in the closed state. However, the exterior heat exchanger 38
When pressure is applied in the reverse direction from the side, a differential pressure for closing the internal valve cannot be secured even in the closed state, and the flow of the refrigerant is allowed while acting as a pressure reducing means. For this reason, the high-pressure refrigerant in the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38
Is reduced by the two-way valve 100, and flows into the pipe 109 on the suction side of the compressor 31 via the four-way valve 73 and the second bypass passage 82. On the other hand, the discharge side of the compressor 31 communicates with the first bypass passage 80 and the compressor 31
Is discharged to the first bypass passage 80, and its pressure slightly decreases.

Similarly, the third time from time t3 to time t4 is the same as above.
While the two-way valve 100 acts as a pressure reducing means, the high-pressure refrigerant in the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle flows into the pipe 109 on the suction side of the compressor 31 which is the cycle low-pressure part, and the pressure on the suction side of the compressor 31 is reduced. To rise. When the high-pressure refrigerant in the outside heat exchanger 38 flows into the suction side of the compressor 31 as described above, the third two-way valve 100 is closed so that the refrigerant can flow in a reduced pressure state. The refrigerant flow noise can be reduced.

At time t4, the four-way valve 73 is switched from the heating side to the cooling side in order to discharge the high-pressure refrigerant remaining on the discharge side of the compressor 31 to the exterior heat exchanger 38.
At this time, the third two-way valve 1 is used to prevent the refrigerant still having a high pressure from being discharged to the exterior heat exchanger 38 at once.
00 remains closed.

At time t5, the third two-way valve 100 is opened to allow the high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor 31 to flow into the exterior heat exchanger 38.

At time t6, the third two-way valve 100 is closed again.

At time t7, the four-way valve 73 is switched from the cooling side to the heating side with the third two-way valve 100 closed.
As a result, as in the case of the time t3, the heat exchanger 3
The relatively high pressure refrigerant in 8 is closed third two-way valve 10
While the pressure is reduced to zero, the four-way valve 73 and the second bypass 82
, Flows into the pipe 109 on the suction side of the compressor 31, and at the same time, the refrigerant noise is reduced.

At time t8, the operation stop control is completed, and power is supplied to the compressor 31, the first two-way valve 77, the second two-way valve 78, the expansion valve 34, the four-way valve 73, and the third two-way valve 100. To stop.

As described above, when the cooling operation is stopped, most of the high-pressure refrigerant is confined by closing the first two-way valve 77, the second two-way valve 78, and the expansion valve 34, and the high-pressure refrigerant is supplied to the outside heat exchanger. 38, heat exchanger 35 for heat absorption
To prevent refrigerant flow noise. Further, by switching the four-way valve 73 according to the state of the cycle, the high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor 31 is caused to flow to the first bypass passage 80 side to reduce the pressure. At the same time, the high-pressure refrigerant in the exterior heat exchanger 38 is caused to flow into the suction side of the compressor 31 while being decompressed.
The high pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor 31 is once passed to the pipe 103 and a part of the pipe 105 to reduce the pressure by opening the third two-way valve 100 at a time different from the switching of the pressure, and then the heat exchange outside the vehicle compartment The pressure on the discharge side of the compressor 31 can be reduced while suppressing the refrigerant flow noise by flowing the refrigerant into the device 38. Therefore, the pressure on the suction side and the pressure on the discharge side of the compressor 31 can be balanced, and the mechanical lock at the time of restart can be prevented while remarkably suppressing the refrigerant flow noise.

Next, the heating operation is stopped as shown in the time chart of FIG.

When a heating operation stop signal is issued from the control device 43 at the time t1, the compressor 31 is turned off and the first two-way valve 77, the second two-way valve 78, and the expansion valve 34 are closed at the same time. As a result, most of the refrigerant that has been operating at a high pressure, which causes the refrigerant noise, is supplied to the first two-way valve 77.
And between the second two-way valve 78 and the expansion valve 34.
Therefore, most of the movement of the high-pressure refrigerant is eliminated, and the refrigerant noise caused by flowing into the heat absorbing passenger compartment heat exchanger 35 and the like can be suppressed. Further, the four-way valve 73 maintains the heating-side setting shown by the solid line until time t2 when the compressor 31 is completely stopped. This is to prevent the compressor 31 from liquid compression due to the refrigerant flowing into the compressor suction side generated when the four-way valve 73 is switched to the cooling side, and to suppress the discharge pressure from rising. In addition, the third two-way valve 1
00 should be closed by time t2 at the latest,
Here, the closed state is set at the same time when the operation stop signal is issued.

At time t2, the four-way valve 73 is switched from the heating side (shown by the solid line in FIG. 2) to the cooling side (shown by the dotted line in FIG. 2) with the third two-way valve 100 closed. At this time, the high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 31 is supplied to the third two-way valve 1.
It is discharged to a part of the pipe 103 and the pipe 105 up to 00 and decompressed. The high-pressure gas refrigerant in the first bypass passage 80 is supplied to the pipe 10 on the suction side of the compressor 31.
9, the pressure on the discharge side of the compressor 31 decreases, and the pressure on the suction side increases.

At time t3, the setting of the four-way valve 73 is kept at the cooling side, and the closed third two-way valve 100 is opened. By opening the third two-way valve 100, the high-pressure refrigerant in the pipe 103 and a part of the pipe 105 from the discharge side of the compressor 31 flows into the exterior heat exchanger 38 and is decompressed. . As described above, the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 31 is once depressurized by flowing through the pipe 103 and a part of the pipe 105, and then flows into the exterior heat exchanger 38 by opening the third two-way valve 100. Therefore, the flow rate of the refrigerant into the outside heat exchanger 38 is reduced, and noise when the high-pressure refrigerant flows into the outside heat exchanger 38 can be suppressed. In addition, since the third two-way valve 100 is opened when the four-way valve 73 is set to the cooling side, when the four-way valve 73 is subsequently switched to the heating side, the outside heat exchanger 38 from the suction side of the compressor 31 is opened. Of the refrigerant can be prevented from flowing backward.

At time t5, the four-way valve 73 is switched from the cooling side to the heating side with the third two-way valve 100 opened, and the relatively high-pressure refrigerant in the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38 is sucked into the compressor 31. Is discharged to the side pipe 109. As a result, as described above, the high-pressure refrigerant flowing from the first bypass passage 80 into the pipe 109 via the second bypass passage 82 and the high-pressure refrigerant on the suction side of the compressor 31 via the pipe 105 and the second bypass passage 82 The pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 31 can be significantly reduced by the relatively high-pressure refrigerant in the exterior heat exchanger 38 flowing into the pipe 109.

At time t6, the operation stop control is completed, and the compressor 31, the first two-way valve 77, the second two-way valve 7
8, energization to the expansion valve 34, the four-way valve 73, and the third two-way valve 100 is stopped.

As described above, when the heating operation is stopped, the high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor 31 is caused to flow into the exterior heat exchanger 38 to reduce the pressure, and the first bypass passage 8
0 high-pressure refrigerant flows into the suction side of the compressor 31,
And by switching the four-way valve 73, the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment
By further flowing the relatively high pressure refrigerant into the suction side of the compressor 31, the pressure balance between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 31 can be maintained. For this reason, even when using a hermetic compressor with a built-in drive motor in the compressor 31, when restarting, an excessive load is not applied to the shaft, and the oil film of the bearing portion is retained, and bearing abrasion and galling occur. And mechanical lock due to bearing seizure can be prevented. When the high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor 31 is caused to flow into the exterior heat exchanger 38, the high-pressure refrigerant is allowed to flow once into the pipes 103 and 105 with the third two-way valve 100 closed. Open the third two-way valve and open the exterior heat exchanger 3
8, the noise at the time of inflow can be suppressed. Further, since most of the high-pressure refrigerant at the time of stopping the heating operation is confined in the pipe between the first two-way valve 77, the second two-way valve 78, and the expansion valve 34, the high-pressure refrigerant is used as a heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger. It is possible to remarkably suppress noise caused by flowing into 35 or the like.

As described above, when the heating operation is stopped, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 31 has a high pressure and the outside heat exchanger 38
Is stopped at a low pressure, and when the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 31 is discharged to the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38 at time t3, the pressure can be greatly reduced. Therefore, in this case, the four-way valve 73 is switched from the cooling side to the heating side with the third two-way valve 100 opened, but the outside heat exchanger 38
If the pressure cannot be reduced sufficiently just by discharging
By switching the four-way valve 73 by closing the third two-way valve 100 as shown by the dotted line from 4, the compressor 31
The pressure of the refrigerant flowing into the suction side of can be further reduced.

Next, another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will not be repeated. Further, in each embodiment, the valves having the same configuration as those in the first embodiment use the same names, and therefore, the ranking such as the first and second is different from that of the first and second claims.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of a vehicle air conditioner according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the four-way valve is eliminated, and the piping 103 on the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 31 and the heat exchanger 3
A fourth two-way valve 74 is provided as a first valve between one end of the pipe 8 and the pipe 105 on the refrigerant inflow side. Therefore, the first valve is connected between the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 31 and one end of the exterior heat exchanger 38. The fourth two-way valve 74 is installed so that the direction from the compressor 31 to the exterior heat exchanger 38 is set as a forward direction, and does not cause flow resistance during the cooling operation. One end of the first bypass passage 80 is connected to the pipe 103, and a second two-way valve 78 is provided as a second valve. Therefore, the second valve is connected between the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 31 and the refrigerant inflow side of the heat dissipation vehicle interior heat exchanger 33. Further, the second bypass path 8
3 is connected to the pipe 105 and the pipe 109 on the suction side of the compressor 31. Therefore, compressor 3
The bypass passage connecting the refrigerant suction side of No. 1 and the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38 is provided. Second bypass 8
3, a fifth two-way valve 76 is interposed as a fourth valve. Therefore, the fourth valve is provided in the bypass passage. The fifth two-way valve 76 is connected to the outside heat exchanger 3.
The direction from 8 to the compressor 31 is set as a forward direction. In addition, the first two-way valve 77 is provided as a third valve, and the third two-way valve 100 is provided as a flow path opening / closing unit.

With the above structure, during the cooling operation, the fourth two-way valve 7 is operated as shown in the time chart of FIG.
4 is open, the second two-way valve 78 is closed, the fifth two-way valve 76 is closed, the first two-way valve 77 is open, the expansion valve 34 is open, and the third two-way valve 100 is open. Become. Therefore, the refrigerant is the compressor 3
1 → fourth two-way valve 74 → third two-way valve 100 → vehicle heat exchanger 38 → first two-way valve 77 → radiator heat exchanger 33 → liquid tank 36 → expansion valve 34 → Heat-exchanging heat exchanger 35 → heat exchanger 3 circulates through compressor 31 and heat exchanger 3
8 radiates the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 31 to the outside air, and the remaining heat is introduced by the heat-dissipating vehicle interior heat exchanger 33 by the air introduced by the floor fan 37 or the ram pressure during traveling of the vehicle. Radiates heat to create warm air,
The heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 absorbs the heat of the air introduced by the blower fan 37 or the air introduced by the ram pressure during traveling of the vehicle into the refrigerant to produce cool air.

During the heating operation, the fourth two-way valve 74 is closed, the second two-way valve 78 is open, the fifth two-way valve 76 is open, and the first two-way valve is open, as shown in the time chart of FIG. The one-way valve 77 closes, the expansion valve 34 opens, and the third two-way valve 100 closes or opens. Therefore, the refrigerant flows from the compressor 31 to the second two-way valve 7.
8 → Heat exchanger inside the vehicle for heat dissipation → Liquid tank 36 → Expansion valve 34
→ circulates with the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 → the compressor 31. Therefore, the heat-exchange vehicle interior heat exchanger 33 transfers the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 31 to the blower fan 3.
7 or the air introduced by the ram pressure during the running of the vehicle to radiate heat to generate warm air, and the heat absorbing interior heat exchanger 35 is supplied with the blower fan 37 for the air or the ram during the running of the vehicle. The heat of the air introduced by the pressure is absorbed by the refrigerant to produce cool air.

At the time of cooling / heating stop, control is performed according to the time charts of FIGS.

First, when the cooling operation is stopped, when the cooling operation stop signal is issued at time t1, the compressor 31 is turned off.
At the same time, the second two-way valve 78, the first two-way valve 77, and the expansion valve 34 are closed. As a result, most of the refrigerant that has been operating at a high pressure, which causes the refrigerant noise, is supplied to the first two-way valve 77.
And between the second two-way valve 78 and the expansion valve 34.

At time t2, the compressor 31 is completely stopped, and at the same time, the fourth two-way valve 74 and the third two-way valve 100 are closed.

At time t3, the fifth two-way valve 76 is opened.
Thus, as in the case of FIG.
The refrigerant having a high pressure inside 8 flows into the suction side of the compressor 31 while being depressurized by the third two-way valve 100. Since the pressure of the refrigerant flowing into the suction side of the compressor 31 is reduced by the third two-way valve 100, the sound of the refrigerant at this time is reduced. The fourth two-way valve 74 is installed so that the direction from the compressor 31 to the fourth two-way valve 74 is set as the forward direction so as not to cause flow resistance during the cooling operation.
Even if the two-way valve 76 is opened,
Does not flow to the compressor suction while being decompressed by the two-way valve 74.

At time t4, at time t5, the fourth two-way valve 7
Before opening 4, the fifth two-way valve 76 is closed.

At time t5, the fourth two-way valve 74 is opened with both the fifth two-way valve 76 and the third two-way valve 100 closed. At this time, the high-pressure refrigerant gas that has been discharged from the compressor is discharged to the second bypass passage 83, and the pressure slightly decreases.

At time t6, the third two-way valve 100 is opened. As a result, the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor flows into the exterior heat exchanger 38, and the pressure is reduced.

At time t7, the fifth two-way valve 76 is opened.
As a result, the high-pressure refrigerant in the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38 flows into the compressor suction. Here, the fifth two-way valve 76 was opened with the third two-way valve 100 opened,
When the pressure of the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38 has not decreased to a level that does not cause a problem, the third two-way valve 100 is closed and the fifth two-way valve 76 is closed as shown by a broken line as in the case of FIG. Is opened, the refrigerant in the exterior heat exchanger 38 flows into the compressor suction side while being depressurized by the third two-way valve 100.

At time t8, the operation stop control is completed, and the compressor 31, the fourth two-way valve 74, the second two-way valve 7
8. The energization of the fifth two-way valve 76, the first two-way valve 77, the electric expansion valve 34, and the third two-way valve 100 is stopped.

Therefore, also in the second embodiment, when the cooling operation is stopped, the high-pressure refrigerant is sealed between the first two-way valve 77, the second two-way valve 75 and the expansion valve 34, and the flow noise of the high-pressure refrigerant is reduced. Is suppressed. Further, while the high-pressure refrigerant in the outside heat exchanger 38 is depressurized by the third two-way valve 100 in the closed state, the fifth two-way valve 76
Through the compressor 31 to the suction side of the compressor 31. Therefore, the refrigerant flow noise is suppressed by the pressure reduction by the third two-way valve 100, and the pressure on the suction side of the compressor 31 is increased. Further, the high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor 31 once flows into a part of the pipes 103 and 105 and the second bypass passage 83 to be slightly reduced in pressure, and then flows into the exterior heat exchanger 38. The flow noise can be suppressed, and the pressure on the discharge side of the compressor 31 can be reduced. Therefore, also in the second embodiment, it is possible to make the pressure balance between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 31 appropriate while suppressing the refrigerant flow noise, and to prevent the mechanical lock.

Next, when the heating operation is stopped, when the operation stop signal is issued at time t1, the compressor 31 is stopped and at the same time, the second two-way valve 78, the first two-way valve 77, and the electric expansion valve 34 are stopped. Is closed. As a result, most of the refrigerant that has been operating at a high pressure that causes the refrigerant noise is sealed between the first two-way valve 77, the second two-way valve 78, and the expansion valve.
During the heating operation, the third two-way valve 100 can perform the heating operation without any problem whether it is in the closed state or the open state. Therefore, during the heating operation until time t2 when the compressor 31 stops, the third two-way valve 100 is closed. In order to prevent the liquid from returning to the compressor suction,
The two-way valve 76 is closed.

At time t2, the closed fourth two-way valve 7
4, the high pressure refrigerant on the compressor discharge side is
Is discharged to the bypass path 83.

At time t3, the third two-way valve 100 is opened, and the high-pressure refrigerant discharged to the second bypass passage 83 flows into the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38.

At time t4, the third two-way valve 100 is closed.

At time t5, the fifth two-way valve 76 is opened with the third two-way valve 100 closed. Thereby, similarly to the above, the high-pressure refrigerant in the exterior heat exchanger 38
The pressure is reduced by the closed third two-way valve 100 and flows into the compressor suction. The refrigerant noise at this time is reduced, and the pressure difference between the compressor suction side and the discharge side is reduced.

At time t6, the operation stop control is completed, and the compressor 31, the fourth two-way valve 74, the second two-way valve 7
8. The energization of the fifth two-way valve 76, the first two-way valve 77, the electric expansion valve 34, and the third two-way valve 100 is stopped.

Therefore, even when the heating operation is stopped, most of the high-pressure refrigerant is confined by the first two-way valve 77, the second two-way valve 75, and the expansion valve 34, so that the refrigerant flow noise can be suppressed. Further, the high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor 31 is temporarily supplied to the pipe 103, a part of the pipe 105 and the second pipe.
After flowing into the bypass passage 83 and being slightly depressurized, it flows into the outside heat exchanger 38, so that the pressure on the discharge side of the compressor 31 can be reduced and the flow noise of the refrigerant can be suppressed. Furthermore, since the pressure is reduced by the third two-way valve 100 from the outside heat exchanger 38 and flows into the suction side of the compressor 31, the pressure on the suction side of the compressor 31 can be increased while suppressing the refrigerant flow noise. For this reason, the pressure balance between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 31 can be maintained while suppressing the refrigerant flow noise, and the mechanical lock at the time of restart can be prevented.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of a vehicle air conditioner according to the third embodiment. This embodiment is shown in FIG.
The fourth two-way valve 77 as the first valve of the first embodiment is referred to as a first check valve 70 in FIG. 9, and the second two-way valve 78 as the second valve in FIG. In FIG. 9, the second check valve 7
This is an example in which 1 is replaced. The first check valve 70 allows the flow of the refrigerant from the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment to the heat exchanger 33 inside the heat radiation vehicle, and prevents the reverse flow. Therefore, during the heating operation in which the exterior heat exchanger 38 operates at a low pressure, it acts as a means for preventing the flow of the refrigerant from the heat radiation interior heat exchanger 33 to the exterior heat exchanger 38 even when the compressor is stopped, and performs cooling. During the operation, the compressor discharge pressure and the operating pressure of the exterior heat exchanger 38 decrease slightly at the same time as the compressor stops. Therefore, as a means for preventing the refrigerant flow from the heat radiation interior heat exchanger 33 to the exterior heat exchanger 38. Works.

The second check valve 71 allows the flow of the refrigerant from the four-way valve 73 to the heat-exchange vehicle interior heat exchanger 33 and prevents the reverse flow. Therefore, during the cooling operation in which the high-pressure refrigerant flows from the exterior heat exchanger 38 to the heat radiation interior heat exchanger 33, the refrigerant flow from the heat radiation interior heat exchanger 33 to the four-way valve 73 is prevented, including when the compressor is stopped. Act as a means,
During the heating operation, the compressor discharge pressure slightly decreases at the same time as the compressor is stopped.
And acts as a means for preventing the flow of the refrigerant from the valve to the four-way valve 73.

Thus, when the operation is stopped, the first check valve 70
Since the high-pressure refrigerant is sealed between the first check valve 71 and the expansion valve 34, the same operation and effect as those of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 can be obtained. Further, in this embodiment, since the check valves are used as the first and second valves, the structure and control are simplified.
The refrigerant flow during the cooling / heating operation of the third embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment of FIG. 2 by switching the four-way valve 73.

When the cooling / heating operation is stopped, FIGS.
It works like a time chart. That is, the operation of the third embodiment when the cooling / heating operation is stopped is performed by the first check valve 7.
The operation is the same as the operation shown in the time charts of FIGS. 4 and 5 except that the control of the second check valve 71 is eliminated.

Therefore, also in the third embodiment, the first
Functions and effects substantially similar to those of the embodiment can be obtained. In addition, the control is simplified because the check valves 70 and 71 are not controlled.

FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of a vehicle air conditioner according to a fourth embodiment. In this embodiment, in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a portion between the outside heat exchanger 38 of the pipe 107 and the second two-way valve 77, and the expansion valve 34 and the liquid tank 36 of the pipe 111 are provided. An auxiliary pipe 81 is connected to the auxiliary pipe 81, and a seventh two-way valve 90 and a second expansion valve 91 are interposed in the auxiliary pipe 81.

Also in the fourth embodiment, the refrigerant flow during the cooling / heating operation is changed by switching the four-way valve 73 to the first flow in FIG.
It is performed in substantially the same manner as in the embodiment. In this embodiment, the refrigerant does not flow through the seventh two-way valve 90 during the cooling operation. However, during the heating operation, the seventh two-way valve 90 is opened and a part of the refrigerant flowing out of the liquid tank is exchanged with the outside heat exchanger. The heat is also passed through the vessel 38 to absorb heat from outside air to enhance the heating capacity.

The operation of the fourth embodiment when the cooling / heating operation is stopped is performed as shown in the time charts of FIGS. The fourth embodiment differs from the first embodiment of FIG.
The control is the same as the time charts of FIGS. 4 and 5 except that the control of 0 is added. Therefore, in FIGS. 13 and 14, only the control unit of the seventh two-way valve 90 will be described.

That is, during the cooling operation, the seventh two-way valve 9
0 is a closed state and is kept closed even after the compressor is stopped. For this reason, most of the refrigerant that has been operating at a high pressure, which causes the refrigerant flow noise, is mostly supplied to the first two-way valve 77 and the second two-way valve 7.
8, the expansion valve 34 and the seventh two-way valve 90 are hermetically sealed. During the heating operation, the opening and closing of the seventh two-way valve 90 is controlled in accordance with the thermal environment condition and the operating state. When the compressor is stopped, the closed state is set at the time t1, and the closed state is maintained thereafter. Therefore, most of the refrigerant that has been operating at a high pressure that causes the refrigerant noise is sealed by the first two-way valve 77, the second two-way valve 78, the expansion valve 34, and the seventh two-way valve 90. You. Therefore, in the fourth embodiment, in addition to having substantially the same operation and effect as the first embodiment, the heating capacity during the heating operation can be further increased.

FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of a vehicle air conditioner according to a fifth embodiment. This embodiment is obtained by applying the means of the fourth embodiment of FIG. 12 to the second embodiment of FIG. That is, the auxiliary pipe 81 is provided, and the seventh two-way valve 90 and the second expansion valve 91 are interposed.

The refrigerant flow during the cooling / heating operation of the fifth embodiment is substantially the same as that of the second embodiment. When the cooling operation is stopped, the refrigerant does not flow through the seventh two-way valve 90. However, during the heating operation, the seventh two-way valve 90 is opened and a part of the refrigerant flowing out of the liquid tank 36 is transferred to the exterior heat exchanger 38. By flowing, it can absorb heat from inside air and increase the heating capacity.

The operation of the fifth embodiment when the cooling / heating operation is stopped is performed as shown in the time charts of FIGS. This fifth embodiment is the same as the operation of the second embodiment shown in the time charts of FIGS. 7 and 8 except that the control of the seventh two-way valve 90 is added to the second embodiment. Only the control part of the seventh two-way valve 90 will be described. That is, the seventh two-way valve 90 is in the closed state during the cooling operation, and is kept closed even after the compressor is stopped. For this reason, most of the refrigerant that has been operating at a high pressure that causes the refrigerant noise is sealed by the first two-way valve 77, the second two-way valve 78, the expansion valve 34, and the seventh two-way valve 90. You. During the heating operation, the opening and closing of the seventh two-way valve 90 is controlled in accordance with the thermal environment condition and the operation state. When the compressor is stopped, it is set to the closed state as shown in FIG. 17, and is kept closed thereafter. For this reason, most of the refrigerant that has been operating at a high pressure, which causes the refrigerant noise, is mostly supplied to the first two-way valve 77, the second two-way valve 78, the expansion valve 34, and the seventh
And the two-way valve 90. Therefore, the fifth embodiment has substantially the same operation and effect as the second embodiment, and can further increase the heating capacity during the heating operation.

FIG. 18 is a cycle configuration diagram of a vehicle air conditioner according to the sixth embodiment. This embodiment is shown in FIG.
In contrast to the second embodiment, the first two-way valve 77 of FIG.
Is replaced by a first check valve 70. The first check valve 70 allows the flow of the refrigerant from the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment to the heat exchanger 33 inside the heat radiation vehicle, and prevents the reverse flow. Therefore, during the heating operation in which the exterior heat exchanger 38 operates at a low pressure, it functions as a means for preventing the flow of the refrigerant from the heat radiation exterior heat exchanger 33 to the exterior heat exchanger 38 even when the compressor is stopped. During the cooling operation, the compressor discharge pressure and the vehicle exterior heat exchanger
Since the operating pressure of the vehicle interior slightly decreases, the heat exchanger 3
3 serves as a means for blocking the flow of the refrigerant from the outside heat exchanger 38 to the outside heat exchanger 38. Therefore, when the operation is stopped, the high-pressure refrigerant is sealed by the first check valve 70, the second two-way valve 75, and the expansion valve 34. The operation during the cooling / heating operation of the sixth embodiment is performed in substantially the same manner as in the second embodiment of FIG.

The operation at the time of stopping the cooling / heating operation is performed based on the time charts of FIGS. In this case, the sixth embodiment is the same as the time charts of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 except that the control of the fourth two-way valve 77 is eliminated. Therefore, the sixth embodiment has substantially the same operation and effect as the second embodiment, and the configuration and control are simple because the control of the first check valve 70 is not required.

FIG. 21 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of a vehicle air conditioner according to the seventh embodiment. This embodiment corresponds to the third aspect of the present invention. The configuration of this embodiment is different from the second embodiment of FIG. 2 in that the fourth two-way valve 74 is eliminated and the three-way valve 32 is provided between the pipes 103 and 105 and the first bypass passage 80. . Therefore, the refrigerant flow for the cooling / heating operation is switched by the three-way valve 32. Also in the seventh embodiment, the first two-way valve 77 and the second two-way valve 78 are closed at the same time as the compressor is stopped when the operation is stopped. Further, an electric expansion valve is used as the expansion valve 34, and the valve opening is controlled by the control device 43. Further, the fifth two-way valve 76 and the first
The two-way valve 77 and the second two-way valve 78 are closed. The third two-way valve 100 is opened and the three-way valve 32 is cooled in consideration of safety in the event that power cannot be supplied due to an unexpected situation. Shall be on the side.
Further, the third two-way valve 100 is set so that the direction from the third two-way valve 100 to the exterior heat exchanger 38 is a free direction so that the flow of the refrigerant does not become a resistance during the cooling operation.

At the time of the cooling operation, the three-way valve 32 is set so that the discharge side of the compressor 31 and the outside heat exchanger 38 communicate with each other, and the second two-way valve is set so that the refrigerant does not flow through the first bypass passage 80. The fifth two-way valve 7 is closed so that the refrigerant in the exterior heat exchanger 38 is not sucked into the compressor 31.
6 is closed, and the third two-way valve 100 and the first two-way valve 77 are opened so that the refrigerant flows through the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment to the heat exchanger 33 for heat radiation. Therefore, during the cooling operation, the refrigerant flows from the compressor 31 to the three-way valve 32 to the third two-way valve 1.
00 → outside heat exchanger 38 → first two-way valve 77 → heat dissipation heat exchanger 33 → liquid tank 36 → expansion valve 34 → heat absorption heat exchanger 35 → compressor 31. The exterior heat exchanger 38 radiates the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 31 to the outside air, and the remaining heat is transmitted to the radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger 33 by air introduced by the blower fan 37 or when the vehicle travels. Radiates heat to the air introduced by the ram pressure to generate warm air, and the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 converts the heat of the air introduced by the blower fan 37 or the air introduced by the ram pressure when the vehicle travels into the refrigerant. Absorb heat to make cold air.

During the heating operation, the three-way valve 32 is connected so that the discharge side of the compressor 31 communicates with the first bypass passage 80.
The second two-way valve 78 is opened so that the refrigerant flows through the first bypass passage 80, and the third two-way valve 78 is opened so that the outside heat exchanger 38 and the suction side of the compressor 31 communicate with each other. The one-way valve 100 and the fifth two-way valve 76 are opened, and the first two-way valve 7 is opened.
The first two-way valve 77 is closed so that the refrigerant does not flow into the outside heat exchanger 38 after passing through. Therefore, during the heating operation, the refrigerant is supplied from the compressor 31 → the three-way valve 32 → the second two-way valve 78 → the heat exchanger 33 for heat dissipation inside the vehicle → the liquid tank 36.
→ The expansion valve 34 → the heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 → the compressor 31 circulates. Then, the heat-radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger 33 radiates the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 31 to the air introduced by the blower fan 37 or the air introduced by the ram pressure at the time of traveling for the vehicle to generate warm air. The heat absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 absorbs the heat of the air introduced by the blower fan 37 or the air introduced by the ram pressure during traveling for the vehicle into the refrigerant to produce cool air.

The operation when the cooling / heating operation is stopped is shown in FIGS.
It is performed according to the time chart.

First, when the cooling operation is stopped, as shown in FIG. 22, when the cooling operation stop signal is issued at time t1, the compressor 31 is turned off, and the second two-way valve 78 is kept closed and the first two-way valve 78 is closed. The direction valve 77 and the expansion valve 34 are closed. As a result, most of the refrigerant that has been operating at a high pressure that causes the refrigerant noise is sealed between the first two-way valve 77, the second two-way valve 78, and the expansion valve 34.

At time t2, the three-way valve 32 is switched from the cooling side to the heating side, and the opened third two-way valve 100 is closed.

At time t3, the fifth two-way valve 76 is opened with the third two-way valve 100 closed. As a result, FIG.
As in the case of the first embodiment, the high-pressure refrigerant in the exterior heat exchanger 38 flows into the compressor suction while being depressurized by the third two-way valve 100. Since the pressure of the refrigerant flowing into the compressor suction is reduced by the third two-way valve 100, the sound of the refrigerant at this time is reduced. Since the three-way valve 32 remains on the heating side, the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor does not flow into the compressor suction side at the same time as the fifth two-way valve 76 is opened.

At time t4, the fifth two-way valve 76 is closed.

At time t5, the three-way valve 32 is switched from the heating side to the cooling side with both the fifth two-way valve 76 and the third two-way valve 100 closed. At this time, the high-pressure refrigerant gas on the compressor discharge side is discharged to the second bypass passage 83, and the pressure decreases.

At time t6, the third two-way valve 100 is opened, and the high-pressure refrigerant in the second bypass passage 83 flows into the outside heat exchanger 38 to lower the pressure.

At time t7, the fifth two-way valve 76 is opened to flow into the high-pressure refrigerant compressor suction side in the exterior heat exchanger 38. In this embodiment, the third two-way valve 100
The fifth two-way valve 76 is opened in the state where
If the pressure of the refrigerant flowing into the exterior heat exchanger 38 has not decreased to a level that does not cause a problem, the third two-way valve 100 is closed as shown by a broken line in the drawing, and 5
By opening the two-way valve 76, the refrigerant in the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38 can be caused to flow into the compressor suction while the pressure in the third two-way valve 100 is reduced.

At time t8, the operation stop control is completed, and the compressor 31, the three-way valve 32, the fifth two-way valve 76, the first
The energization of the two-way valve 77, the second two-way valve 78, the electric expansion valve 34, and the third two-way valve 100 is stopped.

Therefore, when the cooling operation is stopped, the first two-way valve 77
Most of the high-pressure refrigerant is sealed between the high-pressure refrigerant and the second two-way valve 78 and the expansion valve 34, so that flow noise due to the high-pressure refrigerant can be suppressed. The high-pressure refrigerant in the exterior heat exchanger 38 is depressurized by the third two-way valve 100 and flows into the suction side of the compressor 31 to reduce the flow noise and reduce the pressure on the suction side of the compressor 31. Can be enhanced. The high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 31 is caused to flow into the pipe 103, a part of the pipe 105 and the second bypass passage 83, and then into the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment. The pressure on the discharge side of the compressor 31 can be reduced while suppressing the flow noise of the refrigerant. Therefore, the pressure balance between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 31 can be maintained while suppressing the flow noise of the refrigerant, and the mechanical lock at the time of restart can be prevented.

When the heating operation is stopped, as shown in FIG. 23, when the operation stop signal is issued at time t1, the compressor 31
Is turned off, the second two-way valve 78, the first two-way valve 77, and the electric expansion valve 34 are closed. As a result, most of the refrigerant operating at a high pressure causing the refrigerant noise
Is sealed between the two-way valve 77, the second two-way valve 78, and the expansion valve. During the heating operation, the third two-way valve 100 can perform the heating operation without any problem whether it is in the closed state or the open state. Therefore, during the heating operation until time t2 when the compressor 31 is completely stopped, the third two-way valve 100
Close. Further, the fifth two-way valve 76 is closed to prevent the liquid from returning to the suction of the compressor.

At time t2, the three-way valve 32 is switched from the heating side to the cooling side, so that the high-pressure refrigerant sucked by the compressor is discharged to the second bypass passage 83.

At time t3, the third two-way valve 100 is opened to allow the high-pressure refrigerant in the second bypass passage 83 to flow into the outside heat exchanger 38.

At time t4, the third two-way valve 100 is closed.

At time t5, the fifth two-way valve 76 is opened with the third two-way valve 100 closed. As a result, the high-pressure refrigerant in the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle interior is removed by the third two-way valve 10.
It flows into the compressor suction side while being decompressed at 0, and the pressure difference between the suction and discharge of the compressor 31 decreases.

At time t6, the operation stop control is completed, and the compressor 31, the three-way valve 32, the fifth two-way valve 76, the first
The energization of the two-way valve 77, the second two-way valve 78, the electric expansion valve 34, and the third two-way valve 100 is stopped.

Therefore, when the heating operation is stopped, the first two-way valve 7
Most of the high-pressure refrigerant is sealed by the seventh, second two-way valve 78, and the expansion valve 34, and flow noise due to the high-pressure refrigerant is suppressed. The high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor 31 is temporarily supplied to the pipe 103, a part of the pipe 105, and the second bypass passage 83.
And then flow into the exterior heat exchanger 38, so that the pressure on the discharge side of the compressor 31 can be reduced while suppressing the flow noise.

Next, the high-pressure refrigerant in the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment flows into the suction side of the compressor 31 while being decompressed by the third two-way valve 100, reduces flow noise and reduces the pressure on the suction side of the compressor 31. Can be enhanced. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 31 while suppressing the flow noise of the refrigerant, and to prevent mechanical lock at the time of restart.

FIG. 24 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of a vehicle air conditioner according to the eighth embodiment. This embodiment has substantially the same configuration as the seventh embodiment of FIG. On the other hand, in the eighth embodiment, the first two-way valve 7 of the seventh embodiment shown in FIG.
7. Instead of the second two-way valve 78, a first check valve 70 and a second check valve 71 are provided. When the operation is stopped, most of the high-pressure refrigerant is hermetically sealed by the first check valve 70, the second check valve 71, and the expansion valve 34. The operation of the eighth embodiment during the cooling / heating operation is substantially the same as the operation of the seventh embodiment in FIG.

The operation when the cooling / heating operation is stopped is shown in FIG.
This is performed according to the time chart of FIG. In this case, since the control of the first check valve 70 and the second check valve 71 is eliminated, the time charts of FIGS.
2, the first two-way valve 77 in the time chart of FIG.
And the control of the second two-way valve 78 is eliminated. Therefore, in this embodiment, in addition to having substantially the same operation and effect as the seventh embodiment, the structure and control are simplified because the first check valve 70 and the second check valve 71 are not controlled.

FIG. 27 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of a vehicle air conditioner according to the ninth embodiment. This ninth embodiment is different from the fourth embodiment shown in FIG.
27 is replaced with a first check valve 70 and a second check valve 71 in FIG. In this embodiment, as in the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 12, when the operation is stopped, the first check valve 70, the second check valve 71, the expansion valve 34, and the seventh two-way valve 90 are used to supply high-pressure refrigerant. Most will be sealed.
The operation at the time of the cooling / heating operation is substantially the same as that of the fourth embodiment, and the operation at the time of stopping the cooling / heating operation is performed as shown in the time charts of FIGS. 28 and 29
Since the time chart of the ninth embodiment has the first check valve 70 and the second check valve 71, the control of the first two-way valve 77 and the second two-way valve 78 in FIGS. It is the same as the one without. Therefore, in this embodiment, substantially the same functions and effects as those of the fourth embodiment can be obtained. Also,
The configuration and control are simplified because the first check valve 70 and the second check valve 71 are not controlled.

FIG. 30 shows a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of a vehicle air conditioner according to the tenth embodiment. This embodiment has substantially the same configuration as the fifth embodiment in FIG. On the other hand, in the tenth embodiment, a first check valve 70 is used instead of the first two-way valve 77 in FIG. Therefore, most of the high-pressure refrigerant is sealed by the first check valve 70, the second two-way valve 78, the expansion valve 34, and the seventh two-way valve 90 when the operation is stopped as in the fifth embodiment. Will be. The operation during the cooling / heating operation of the tenth embodiment is substantially the same as that of the fifth embodiment in FIG. The operation when the cooling / heating operation is stopped is shown in FIGS.
2 is performed as shown in the time chart. In this case, since the control of the first check valve 70 is not required in the tenth embodiment of FIG. 30, the time charts of FIGS.
6, which is the same as the time chart of FIG. 17 except for the control of the first two-way valve 77. Therefore, also in this embodiment, substantially the same operation and effect as those of the fifth embodiment can be obtained. Further, in this embodiment, the configuration and control are simplified because the control of the first check valve 70 is not required.

FIG. 33 shows a refrigeration cycle configuration of a vehicle air conditioner according to the eleventh embodiment. This eleventh
The embodiment has substantially the same configuration as the sixth embodiment in FIG. On the other hand, in the eleventh embodiment, the second bypass passage 83 is connected between the outside heat exchanger 38 and the first check valve 70. The second bypass passage 83 has a fifth two-way valve 76 for blocking the flow from the exterior heat exchanger 38 to the suction side of the compressor 31 and allowing the flow in the opposite direction, and the second bypass passage 83 from the suction side of the compressor 31. A third two-way valve 100 is provided to block the flow toward the exterior heat exchanger 38 and allow the flow in the opposite direction. During the cooling operation, the fourth two-way valve 74 is opened, and the second two-way valve 78 and the fifth two-way valve 7 are opened.
6. The third two-way valve 100 is closed. In the heating operation, the fourth two-way valve 74 and the third two-way valve 100 are closed, and the second two-way valve 78 and the fifth two-way valve 7 are closed.
6 open. Therefore, the refrigerant flow during the cooling / heating operation is substantially the same as in the sixth embodiment of FIG. The operation at the time of stopping the cooling / heating operation is performed according to the time charts of FIGS.

When the cooling operation is stopped, as shown in FIG.
When the operation stop signal is issued at
Most of the high-pressure refrigerant is sealed between the first check valve 70, the second two-way valve 78, and the expansion valve 34 by simultaneously closing the expansion valve 34 to become FF.

At time t2, the fifth two-way valve is opened with the fourth two-way valve 74 open and the third two-way valve 100 closed. As a result, the high-pressure refrigerant in the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment and on the suction side of the compressor 31 is discharged to the third two-way valve 1.
After passing through 00, the pressure is reduced and flows into the suction side of the compressor 31.

At time t3, energization of the compressor 31, the fourth two-way valve 74, the second two-way valve 78, the fifth two-way valve 76, the expansion valve 34, and the third two-way valve 100 is stopped. Is done.

As described above, the high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor 31 and the high-pressure refrigerant in the exterior heat exchanger 38 flow into the suction side of the compressor 31 while being decompressed by the third two-way valve 100, and reduce the flow noise of the refrigerant. The pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 31 can be reduced while suppressing the pressure. Therefore, mechanical lock at the time of restart can be prevented while suppressing the flow noise of the refrigerant.

When a heating stop signal is issued at time t1 as shown in FIG. 35 when the heating operation is stopped, the compressor 31 is turned off, the second two-way valve 78 is closed, and the expansion valve 34 is fully closed. Part of the high-pressure refrigerant is sealed between the first check valve 70, the second two-way valve 78 and the expansion valve 34.

At time t2, the fourth two-way valve 74 is opened with the fifth two-way valve 76 open and the third two-way valve 100 closed. As a result, the high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor 31 is decompressed by the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment, and then further decompressed by the third two-way valve 100 so that the compressor 3
1 flows into the suction side.

At time t3, energization of the compressor 31, the fourth two-way valve 74, the second two-way valve 75, the fifth two-way valve 76, the expansion valve 34, and the third two-way valve 100 is stopped. Is done.

As a result, the high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor 31 is removed from the outside heat exchanger 38 and the third two-way valve 1.
Since the pressure is reduced in two stages at 00 and flows into the suction side of the compressor 31, the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 31 can be reduced while suppressing the flow noise of the refrigerant. Therefore, mechanical lock at the time of restart can be prevented while suppressing the flow noise of the refrigerant. In this embodiment, substantially the same functions and effects as those of the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 18 can be obtained. Further, in this embodiment, when the high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor 31 is depressurized and flows into the suction side, it always flows in one direction to the exterior heat exchanger 38, so that the flow noise of the refrigerant is further suppressed. be able to.

FIG. 36 shows a refrigeration cycle configuration of a vehicle air conditioner according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
This embodiment has substantially the same configuration as the eighth embodiment in FIG. On the other hand, in the twelfth embodiment, the second bypass 83
Is the refrigerant outflow side of the exterior heat exchanger 38 and the first check valve 70
Is connected between the Second bypass 83
Is provided with a third two-way valve 100 and a fifth two-way valve 76. The third two-way valve 100 blocks the flow from the suction side of the compressor 31 to the exterior heat exchanger 38 and allows the flow in the opposite direction. The fifth two-way valve 76 blocks a flow from the exterior heat exchanger 38 toward the suction side of the compressor 31 and allows a reverse flow.

During the cooling operation, the three-way valve 32 is switched as shown by the dotted line, and the fifth two-way valve 76 and the third two-way valve 100 are closed as shown in the time chart of FIG.
The expansion valve 34 opens. During the heating operation, the three-way valve 3
2 is switched as shown by the solid line in FIG. 36, the fifth two-way valve 76 and the expansion valve 34 are opened as shown in the time chart of FIG. 38, and the third two-way valve 100 is closed. In this embodiment, the operation is substantially the same as in the eighth embodiment shown in FIG.

The operation when the cooling / heating operation is stopped is shown in FIG.
This is performed as shown in the time chart of FIG.

When the cooling operation is stopped, as shown in FIG.
1, the compressor 31 is turned off, the expansion valve 34 is fully closed, and most of the high-pressure refrigerant is supplied to the first check valve 70, the second check valve 71, and the expansion valve 3.
4 and sealed.

At time t2, the three-way valve 32 is set to the cooling side and the fifth two-way valve 7 is closed with the third two-way valve 100 closed.
6 is opened. As a result, the high-pressure refrigerant in the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment and on the suction side of the compressor 31 passes through the third two-way valve 100 and is decompressed in a state where the pressure is reduced.
To the suction side of

At time t3, energization of the compressor 31, the three-way valve 32, the fifth two-way valve 76, the expansion valve 34, and the third two-way valve 100 is stopped.

That is, the operation when the cooling operation is stopped in this embodiment is performed in substantially the same manner as in the eleventh embodiment in FIG. 33, and the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 31 while suppressing the flow noise of the refrigerant. Can be reduced, and mechanical lock at the time of restart can be prevented.

When the heating operation is stopped, when the operation stop signal is issued at time t1 as shown in FIG.
1 is turned off, the expansion valve 34 is fully closed, and most of the high-pressure refrigerant is sealed between the first check valve 70, the second check valve 71, and the expansion valve 34.

At time t2, the three-way valve 32 is switched to the setting on the cooling side with the fifth two-way valve 76 opened and the third two-way valve 100 closed. As a result, the high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor 31 is removed from the outside heat exchanger 3.
After the pressure is reduced at 8, the pressure is further reduced at the third two-way valve 100 and flows into the suction side of the compressor 31.

At time t3, the compressor 31, the three-way valve 32, the fifth two-way valve 76, the expansion valve 34, and the third two-way valve 1
The energization to 00 is stopped.

Therefore, even when the heating operation is stopped, the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 31 can be reduced while suppressing the flow noise of the refrigerant. That is, in this embodiment, substantially the same operation and effect as those of the eighth embodiment can be obtained. In this embodiment, the compressor 3
When the one high-pressure refrigerant is decompressed and flows into the suction side, the refrigerant is always caused to flow in one direction to the exterior heat exchanger 38, so that the refrigerant flow noise can be further suppressed.

In each of the above embodiments, by closing a predetermined valve immediately after the operation is stopped, most of the refrigerant operating at a high pressure is sealed in the middle of the cycle, and when the cooling operation is stopped, the refrigerant is connected to the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 31. The high-pressure refrigerant remains in the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38, and the high-pressure refrigerant remains on the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 31 when the heating operation is stopped or. And the compressor 31
The high-pressure refrigerant remaining on the refrigerant discharge side is temporarily discharged to the outside heat exchanger 38 to reduce the pressure, and further closed third two-way valve 100
To reduce the pressure difference when the refrigerant is mixed, thereby reducing the refrigerant flow noise.

On the other hand, the high-pressure refrigerant remaining in the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38 also passes through the closed two-way valve 100 to reduce the pressure of the refrigerant. By flowing the refrigerant to the side, the pressure difference at the time of mixing the refrigerant is reduced, thereby reducing the refrigerant flow noise.

FIG. 39 shows a refrigeration cycle of a vehicle air conditioner according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.
This embodiment is an example when applied to a general heat pump type cooling and heating device. That is, as shown in FIG. 39, this device includes a compressor 31, a four-way valve 73,
5. A heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment and an expansion valve 34 are provided. A twelfth two-way valve 102 is provided between the four-way valve 73 and the vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 as a passage opening / closing means for a vehicle exterior heat exchanger. The twelfth two-way valve 102 is a four-way valve 7
The direction from 3 toward the vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 is a forward direction,
In the closed state, the flow of the refrigerant in the direction from the four-way valve 73 to the heat exchanger 35 in the vehicle compartment is blocked to allow reverse flow. An eleventh two-way valve 101 as a passage opening / closing means for the exterior heat exchanger is provided between the four-way valve 73 and the exterior heat exchanger 38.
Is provided. The eleventh two-way valve 101 has a forward direction from the four-way valve 73 to the exterior heat exchanger 38, and in a closed state, blocks the refrigerant flow from the four-way valve 73 to the exterior heat exchanger 38 and reverses the flow. Is allowed.

The eleventh two-way valve 101 and the twelfth two-way valve 102 are opened when power is not supplied to allow the refrigerant to flow. Further, an electric expansion valve is used as the expansion valve 34, and the valve opening is controlled by the control device 43.

During the cooling operation, the eleventh two-way valve 101 opens, the twelfth two-way valve 102 opens, as shown in FIG.
The expansion valve 34 is opened, and the four-way valve 73 is switched to the cooling side as shown by the solid line in FIG. Therefore, during the cooling operation, the refrigerant flows from the compressor 31 → the four-way valve 73 → the eleventh two-way valve 10.
1 → External heat exchanger 38 → Expansion valve 34 → Indoor heat exchanger 35 → Twelfth two-way valve 102 → Four-way valve 73, circulates through compressor 31 and external heat exchanger 38
The heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from 1 is radiated to the outside air, and the vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 absorbs the heat of the air introduced by the blower fan 37 or the air introduced by the ram pressure when the vehicle is running into the refrigerant. Make cold air.

At the time of the heating operation, as shown in FIG. 41, the eleventh two-way valve 101 is opened, the twelfth two-way valve 102 is opened, and the expansion valve 3 is opened.
When 4 is open, the four-way valve 73 is switched to the heating side as shown by the dotted line in FIG. Therefore, during the heating operation, the refrigerant flows from the compressor 31 → the four-way valve 73 → the twelfth two-way valve 102 → the interior heat exchanger 35 → the expansion valve 34 → the exterior heat exchanger 38 → the first.
1, the two-way valve 101 → the four-way valve 73 → the compressor 31 circulates, and the vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 uses the blower fan 37 to introduce the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 31 or the ram when the vehicle is running. Hot air radiated by the introduced air is generated by the pressure, and the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 38 absorbs heat from the outside air.

The operation of the cooling / heating device when the cooling / heating operation is stopped is performed according to the time charts of FIGS.

When the cooling operation is stopped, as shown in FIG.
When the operation stop signal is issued in step 1, the compressor 31 is turned off, the twelfth two-way valve 102 is closed, and the expansion valve 34 is fully closed. Thus, most of the refrigerant that has been operating at a low pressure during the cooling operation is sealed between the twelfth two-way valve 102 and the expansion valve 34.

At time t2, the eleventh two-way valve 101 is closed. At time t3, the four-way valve 73 is switched from the cooling side to the heating side with the eleventh two-way valve 101 closed. Thereby, the discharge side of the compressor 31 is connected to the heat exchanger 35 side of the vehicle interior and the suction side of the compressor 31 and the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle interior. Since the eleventh two-way valve 101 in the closed state cannot block the flow from the exterior heat exchanger 38 to the compressor 31, the high-pressure refrigerant in the exterior heat exchanger 38 is released from the eleventh two-way valve. After passing through 101, it flows into the suction side of the compressor 31. At this time, the closed state of the eleventh two-way valve 101 functions as a pressure reducing unit, the pressure of the refrigerant flowing into the suction side of the compressor 31 is reduced, and the refrigerant flow noise is also reduced. On the other hand, the first
The two-way valve 102 is connected to the four-way valve 73 from the outside heat exchanger 35.
Therefore, the high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor 31 is stopped by the twelfth two-way valve 102 and does not flow into the vehicle interior heat exchanger 35.

At time t4, the four-way valve 73 is switched from the heating side to the cooling side, and at time t5, the eleventh two-way valve 10
1 is opened. As a result, the discharge side of the compressor 31 is connected to the outside heat exchanger 38 side, and the compressor 3
The high pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the first heat exchanger 3
It is discharged to the 8 side and slightly decompressed.

At time t6, the eleventh two-way valve 101 is closed.

At time t7, the four-way valve 73 is switched from the cooling side to the heating side with the eleventh two-way valve 101 closed. The discharge side of the compressor 31 is the heat exchanger 3
5, the suction side of the compressor 31 is located outside the vehicle heat exchanger 3.
8 and is closed in the same manner as at time t3.
Since the first two-way valve 101 cannot block the flow from the exterior heat exchanger 38 to the compressor 31, the high-pressure refrigerant in the exterior heat exchanger 38 passes through the eleventh two-way valve 101. Then, the pressure is reduced and flows into the suction side of the compressor 31.

At time t8, the compressor 31, the eleventh
Two-way valve 101, a twelfth two-way valve 102, an expansion valve 34,
The energization of the four-way valve 73 is stopped.

Therefore, also in this embodiment, most of the low-pressure refrigerant is supplied to the twelfth two-way valve 102 and the expansion valve 34 when the cooling operation is stopped.
And the flow noise caused by the high-pressure refrigerant flowing into the low-pressure refrigerant side can be suppressed. Further, the high-pressure refrigerant in the exterior heat exchanger 38 is depressurized and the compressor 3
1 and the high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor 31 is once flowed into the exterior heat exchanger 38 to reduce the pressure, and then the eleventh two-way valve 101 is caused to flow backward to reduce the pressure. Therefore, the pressure on the suction side of the compressor 31 can be increased while suppressing the flow noise of the refrigerant. Therefore, compressor 3
By reducing the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of No. 1, mechanical lock at the time of restart can be prevented.

When the heating operation is stopped, when the operation stop signal is issued at time t1 as shown in FIG. 41, the compressor 31 is turned off, the eleventh two-way valve 101 is closed, and the expansion valve 34 is completely turned off. Closes. As a result, most of the refrigerant operating at a low pressure during the heating operation becomes the eleventh two-way valve 1.
01 and the expansion valve 34 are sealed.

At time t2, the twelfth two-way valve 102 is closed.

At time t3, the four-way valve 73 is switched from the heating side to the cooling side with the twelfth two-way valve 102 closed. As a result, the discharge side of the compressor 31 is connected to the heat exchanger 38 outside the vehicle compartment, and the suction side of the compressor 31 is connected to the heat exchanger 35 side of the vehicle interior. Since the twelfth two-way valve 102 in the closed state cannot block the flow from the vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 to the compressor 31, the high-pressure refrigerant in the vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 is released from the twelfth two-way valve. After passing through 102, it flows into the compressor suction side. At this time, the twelfth two-way valve 102 in the closed state functions as pressure reducing means, and the pressure of the refrigerant flowing into the suction side of the compressor 31 is reduced, so that the refrigerant noise is reduced. On the other hand, since the eleventh two-way valve 101 in the closed state blocks the flow from the four-way valve 73 to the exterior heat exchanger 38, the high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor 31 is supplied to the eleventh two-way valve 101. It is not stopped and flows into the outside heat exchanger 38. At time t4, the four-way valve 73 is switched from the cooling side to the heating side, and at time t5, the twelfth two-way valve 102 is opened. As a result, the discharge side of the compressor 31 and the side of the vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 are connected, and the high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor 31 is discharged to the vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 to be slightly depressurized.

At time t6, the twelfth two-way valve 102 is closed.

At time t7, the four-way valve 73 is switched from the heating side to the cooling side with the twelfth two-way valve 102 closed. The discharge side of the compressor 31 is the exterior heat exchanger 3
On the 8th side, the suction side of the compressor 31
Side and is in the closed state as in the case of time t3.
The two-way valve 102 cannot block the flow from the vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 to the compressor 31, so that the high-pressure refrigerant in the vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 passes through the twelfth two-way valve 102. Then, it flows into the suction side of the compressor 31. At this time, the twelfth two-way valve 102 in the closed state functions as pressure reducing means, and the pressure of the refrigerant flowing into the suction side of the compressor 31 is reduced, so that the refrigerant flow noise is also reduced.

At time t8, the compressor 31, the eleventh
Two-way valve 101, a twelfth two-way valve 102, an expansion valve 34,
The energization of the four-way valve 73 is stopped.

Therefore, most of the refrigerant operating at the low pressure when the heating operation is stopped is sealed between the eleventh two-way valve 101 and the expansion valve 34, and the flow noise caused by the high-pressure refrigerant flowing into the low-pressure refrigerant side. Can be suppressed. Also,
The high-pressure refrigerant in the vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 is supplied to the twelfth two-way valve 1.
02 flows into the suction side of the compressor 31 while being decompressed by 02. Therefore, the flow noise of the refrigerant can be reduced, and the pressure on the suction side of the compressor 31 can be increased. Further, the high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor 31 is once flowed into the vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 to reduce the pressure, and twelfthly, the two-way valve 102 is reversely flowed to reduce the pressure, and then flows into the suction side of the compressor 31. Therefore, also in this case, the flow noise of the refrigerant is reduced and the pressure on the suction side of the compressor 31 can be increased.

Therefore, even when the heating operation is stopped, the flow noise of the refrigerant is reduced, the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 31 can be reduced, and the mechanical lock at the time of restart can be prevented.

In each of the above embodiments, the electric expansion valve is used as the expansion valve 34. However, even when the temperature type expansion valve is used, the internal pressure of the vehicle interior heat exchanger 35 increases after the compressor 31 is stopped. Since the valve is closed, a similar effect can be obtained.

[0206]

As is clear from the above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the cooling and heating capacity can be improved by the stable control without being affected by the climatic condition outside the vehicle compartment, and the electric power is not required without a significant design change. Also suitable for automobiles. Moreover, a four-way valve,
By switching the first valve, the second valve, and the third valve, when the cooling / heating operation is stopped, the high-pressure refrigerant is confined and the flow noise is suppressed by reducing the pressure, thereby reducing the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor. Noise can be significantly suppressed. For this reason, even when the hermetic compressor is used, mechanical lock due to seizure of the bearing or the like at the time of restart can be suppressed while reducing the flow noise of the refrigerant.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the cooling and heating capacity can be improved by stable control without being affected by the climatic conditions outside the vehicle compartment, and it is suitable for electric vehicles and the like without requiring a significant design change. In addition, the switching of the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve, and the flow path opening / closing means suppresses the flow noise of the refrigerant by confining the high-pressure refrigerant and reducing the pressure when the cooling / heating operation is stopped. The pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor can be reduced. Therefore, even when a hermetic compressor is used, mechanical lock due to seizure of the bearing at the time of restart can be achieved with a small flow noise of the refrigerant.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the cooling and heating capacity can be improved by stable control without being affected by the climatic conditions outside the vehicle compartment, and the present invention is suitable for electric vehicles and the like without requiring a significant design change. In addition, when the cooling / heating operation is stopped, the three-way valve, the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, and the flow path opening / closing means are switched to reduce the refrigerant flow noise by confining the high-pressure refrigerant and reducing the pressure, thereby reducing the suction of the compressor. Pressure difference between the pressure side and the discharge side can be reduced. Therefore, even when a hermetic compressor is used, mechanical lock due to seizure of the bearing at the time of restart can be achieved with a small flow noise of the refrigerant.

[0209] According to the invention of claim 4, in addition to the effect of any of the inventions of claims 1 to 3, the high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor is temporarily sent to the heat exchanger outside the vehicle with the flow path opening and closing means closed. The refrigerant is discharged, and then the flow path opening / closing means is opened to allow the refrigerant to flow into the exterior heat exchanger. Therefore, the speed at which the refrigerant flows into the exterior heat exchanger is reduced, and the refrigerant flow noise can be reduced. Therefore, noise can be further reduced.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of any one of the first to third aspects, since a two-way valve is used as the flow path opening / closing means, the cycle can be formed at low cost by utilizing the characteristics of the two-way valve. can do.

According to the sixth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effects of any one of the first to third aspects, the flow path opening / closing means is opened when the power is not supplied, so that the compressor can be operated even if the power is not supplied due to an unexpected situation. A cycle stop due to an increase in the pressure on the discharge side does not occur.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, cooling and heating can be performed by switching between the four-way valve, the passage opening / closing means for the exterior heat exchanger, and the passage opening / closing means for the interior heat exchanger. Further, when the cooling / heating operation is stopped, the flow noise is reduced by the confinement of the low-pressure refrigerant and the pressure-reducing action of the high-pressure refrigerant, and the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor can be reduced. Therefore, even when a hermetic compressor is used, mechanical lock due to seizure of the bearing at the time of restart can be achieved with low flow noise.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the seventh aspect of the present invention, the high-pressure refrigerant on the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor is supplied to the outside heat exchanger side in a state in which the exterior heat exchanger flow passage opening / closing means is closed. The refrigerant is discharged, and then the flow passage opening / closing means is opened to allow the refrigerant to flow into the exterior heat exchanger. Therefore, the speed at which the refrigerant flows into the exterior heat exchanger is reduced, and the refrigerant flow noise at that time can be reduced. Therefore, noise can be further reduced.

According to the ninth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the seventh aspect, the cycle can be formed at a low cost because a two-way valve is used as the passage opening / closing means for the exterior heat exchanger.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the seventh aspect, the passage opening / closing means of the external heat exchanger is opened when the power is not supplied, so that even if the power is not supplied due to an unexpected situation, the cooling is performed. During operation, it is possible to prevent the cycle from being stopped due to an increase in the discharge pressure of the compressor.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the cooling / heating operation can be performed by switching the four-way valve, the expansion means, the exterior heat exchanger passage opening / closing means, and the interior heat exchanger passage opening / closing means. Further, when the heating operation is stopped, the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor can be reduced while the flow noise is reduced by the confinement of the low-pressure refrigerant and the pressure-reducing action of the high-pressure refrigerant. Therefore, even when a hermetic compressor is used, mechanical lock due to seizure of the bearing at the time of restart can be achieved with low flow noise.

According to the twelfth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the eleventh aspect, the high-pressure refrigerant on the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor is supplied to the vehicle interior heat exchanger with the interior heat exchanger passage opening / closing means closed. After discharging, the flow passage opening / closing means is opened to flow into the vehicle interior heat exchanger, so that the speed at which the refrigerant flows into the vehicle interior heat exchanger is reduced, and the flow noise at that time can be reduced. Therefore, noise can be further reduced.

According to the thirteenth aspect, in addition to the effects of the eleventh aspect, a two-way valve is used as the vehicle interior heat exchanger passage opening / closing means, so that the cycle can be formed at low cost.

According to the fourteenth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effects of the eleventh aspect, the vehicle interior heat exchanger flow path opening / closing means is opened when the power is not supplied, so that even if the power is not supplied due to an unexpected situation, the heating can be performed. During operation, it is possible to prevent the cycle from being stopped due to an increase in the discharge pressure of the compressor.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall view of a vehicle air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cycle configuration diagram of the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a time chart when the cooling operation is stopped in the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a time chart when the heating operation is stopped in the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of a second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a time chart when the cooling operation is stopped in the second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a time chart when the heating operation is stopped in the second embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of a third embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a time chart when the cooling operation is stopped in the third embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a time chart when the heating operation is stopped in the third embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a time chart when the cooling operation is stopped in the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a time chart when the heating operation is stopped in the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a time chart when the cooling operation is stopped in the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a time chart when the heating operation is stopped in the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 18 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a time chart when the cooling operation is stopped in the sixth embodiment.

FIG. 20 is a time chart when the heating operation is stopped in the sixth embodiment.

FIG. 21 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of a seventh embodiment.

FIG. 22 is a time chart when the cooling operation is stopped in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 23 is a time chart when the heating operation is stopped in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 24 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of an eighth embodiment.

FIG. 25 is a time chart when the cooling operation is stopped in the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 26 is a time chart when the heating operation is stopped in the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 27 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of a ninth embodiment.

FIG. 28 is a time chart when the cooling operation is stopped in the ninth embodiment.

FIG. 29 is a time chart when the heating operation is stopped in the ninth embodiment.

FIG. 30 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of a tenth embodiment.

FIG. 31 is a time chart when the cooling operation is stopped in the tenth embodiment.

FIG. 32 is a time chart when the heating operation is stopped in the tenth embodiment.

FIG. 33 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of an eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 34 is a time chart when the cooling operation is stopped in the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 35 is a time chart when the heating operation is stopped in the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 36 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of a twelfth embodiment.

FIG. 37 is a time chart when the cooling operation is stopped in the twelfth embodiment.

FIG. 38 is a time chart when the heating operation is stopped in the twelfth embodiment.

FIG. 39 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of a thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 40 is a time chart when the cooling operation is stopped in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 41 is a time chart when the heating operation is stopped in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 42 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of a conventional heat pump air conditioner.

FIG. 43 is a cycle configuration diagram of a cooling / heating device proposed by the present applicant.

[Explanation of symbols]

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 31 compressor 32 three-way valve 33 heat-radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger 34 expansion valve (expansion means) 35 heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger 38 exterior vehicle heat exchanger 73 four-way valve 74 fourth two-way valve (first valve) 76 fifth two-way valve (fourth valve) 77 first two-way valve (first and third valves) 78 second two-way valve (second valve) 83 second bypass passage (Bypass path) 100 Third two-way valve (flow path opening / closing means) 101 Eleventh two-way valve (flow path opening / closing means for exterior heat exchanger) 102 Twelfth two-way valve (flow path for interior heat exchanger) Opening and closing means)

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-6-143992 (JP, A) JP-A-4-151324 (JP, A) JP-A-7-232547 (JP, A) JP-A-6-278451 (JP, A) JP-A-6-229639 (JP, A) JP-A-4-36353 (JP, A) JP-A-59-21955 (JP, A) JP-A-56-151847 (JP, A) 2-130808 (JP, U) JP-A 48-73849 (JP, U) JP-A 61-197453 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B60H 1/32 624

Claims (14)

(57) [Claims] 1. A compressor for adding work to a refrigerant, an exterior heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and outside air, and a heat radiator for radiating heat of the refrigerant to air introduced by a blowing means to generate warm air. A vehicle interior heat exchanger, an expansion unit connected to a refrigerant outflow side of the heat radiation interior vehicle heat exchanger and adiabatically expanding the refrigerant, and a refrigerant outflow side of the expansion unit and a refrigerant suction side of the compressor. A heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger that is connected and absorbs the heat of the air introduced by the blowing means into the refrigerant to produce cool air; One end of the heat exchanger is connected to the refrigerant inflow side of the heat-dissipating interior heat exchanger, and the discharge side of the compressor is selectively switched between the exterior heat exchanger and the heat-dissipation interior heat exchanger. Connected to one or the other A four-way valve connected between the other end of the exterior heat exchanger and the refrigerant inflow side of the heat radiation interior heat exchanger, from the heat radiation interior heat exchanger to the exterior heat exchanger. A first valve for blocking the flow of refrigerant, and connected between the four-way valve and the refrigerant inflow side of the heat-dissipating interior heat exchanger, from the heat-dissipating interior heat exchanger to the four-way valve. A second valve for blocking a refrigerant flow, connected between the four-way valve and one end of the exterior heat exchanger, and in a closed state, prevents a refrigerant flow from the four-way valve to the exterior heat exchanger; Channel opening / closing means for allowing the refrigerant flow in the opposite direction, operation stop means for issuing an operation stop signal in response to detection of a state requiring operation stop, and at least when the operation stop signal is issued from the operation stop means. The first valve, the second valve, and the expansion means are fully closed, and Switching the four-way valve according to the state of the cycle, flowing the high-pressure refrigerant on the compressor refrigerant discharge side to the outside heat exchanger side, switching the four-way valve according to the state of the cycle, the inside of the outside heat exchanger Control means for causing the high-pressure refrigerant to flow into the refrigerant suction side of the compressor via the flow path opening / closing means in a closed state. 2. A compressor for adding work to the refrigerant, an exterior heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and outside air, and a heat radiator for radiating heat of the refrigerant to the air introduced by the blowing means to generate warm air. A vehicle interior heat exchanger, an expansion unit connected to a refrigerant outflow side of the heat radiation interior vehicle heat exchanger and adiabatically expanding the refrigerant, and a refrigerant outflow side of the expansion unit and a refrigerant suction side of the compressor. Provided, a heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger that absorbs the heat of the air introduced by the air blowing means into a refrigerant to produce cool air, and between a refrigerant discharge side of the compressor and one end of the vehicle exterior heat exchanger. A first valve connected thereto; a second valve connected between a refrigerant discharge side of the compressor and a refrigerant inflow side of the heat radiation interior heat exchanger; and the other end of the exterior heat exchanger. And the refrigerant inflow side of the heat-radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger A third valve connected to the heat-radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger to prevent the flow of refrigerant from the vehicle interior heat exchanger to the vehicle exterior heat exchanger; and a bypass connecting the refrigerant suction side of the compressor to the vehicle exterior heat exchanger. A fourth valve provided in the bypass passage and capable of preventing a refrigerant flow from the external heat exchanger to the refrigerant suction side of the compressor in a closed state; and a fourth valve and the external heat of the vehicle. Flow path opening / closing means connected between the refrigerant inflow side of the exchanger and a refrigerant flow from the refrigerant suction side of the compressor toward the vehicle exterior heat exchanger in the closed state to allow a reverse refrigerant flow; An operation stop means for issuing an operation stop signal in response to detection of a state requiring an operation stop; at least an operation of the second valve, the third valve, and the expansion means when an operation stop signal is issued from the operation stop means; And fully closed Open the first valve in accordance with the state, the high-pressure refrigerant of the compressor refrigerant discharge side flows into the vehicle exterior heat exchanger side, the fourth in accordance with the state of the cycle
Control means for opening the valve of the above, and flowing the high-pressure refrigerant in the exterior heat exchanger into the refrigerant suction side of the compressor via the flow path opening / closing means in a closed state. Air conditioning unit. 3. A compressor for adding work to the refrigerant, an exterior heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and outside air, and a heat radiator for radiating heat of the refrigerant to the air introduced by the blowing means to generate warm air. A vehicle interior heat exchanger, an expansion unit connected to a refrigerant outflow side of the heat radiation interior vehicle heat exchanger and adiabatically expanding the refrigerant, and a refrigerant outflow side of the expansion unit and a refrigerant suction side of the compressor. A heat-absorbing vehicle interior heat exchanger that absorbs the heat of the air introduced by the air blowing means into a refrigerant to generate cool air; a refrigerant discharge side of the compressor; one end of the vehicle exterior heat exchanger; A three-way valve connected to the refrigerant inlet side of the vehicle interior heat exchanger and connecting the discharge side of the compressor to one of the exterior heat exchanger and the heat radiation interior heat exchanger by selective switching Outside of the cabin A second heat exchanger connected between the other end of the heat exchanger and the refrigerant inflow side of the heat-radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger to prevent a flow of refrigerant from the heat-radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger to the vehicle exterior heat exchanger. A second valve that is connected between the three-way valve and the refrigerant inflow side of the heat-radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger, and that blocks a refrigerant flow from the heat-radiating vehicle interior heat exchanger to the three-way valve; A valve, a bypass connecting the refrigerant suction side of the compressor and the exterior heat exchanger, and a refrigerant flow provided in the bypass and in a closed state from the exterior heat exchanger to the refrigerant suction side of the compressor. A third valve capable of preventing air leakage, and a third valve connected between the third valve and a refrigerant inflow side of the external heat exchanger, and in a closed state, the external heat exchanger from a refrigerant suction side of the compressor. Opening and closing the flow path to block the refrigerant flow toward Means, an operation stop means for issuing an operation stop signal in response to detection of a state requiring an operation stop, at least when the operation stop means issues an operation stop signal, at least the first valve, the second valve, and With the expansion means fully closed, the three-way valve is switched according to the state of the cycle, the high-pressure refrigerant on the compressor refrigerant discharge side flows to the outside heat exchanger side of the vehicle, and the third valve is switched according to the state of the cycle. Control means for opening and flowing the high-pressure refrigerant in the exterior heat exchanger to the refrigerant suction side of the compressor via the flow path opening / closing means in a closed state. 4. The cooling and heating device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the control unit controls the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor while the passage opening / closing unit is closed. A cooling and heating device for a vehicle, wherein the refrigerant flows in the direction of an outdoor heat exchanger, and then the flow passage opening / closing means is opened to allow a refrigerant to flow into the outdoor heat exchanger. 5. The cooling / heating device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the flow passage opening / closing means has a direction with respect to a flow of the refrigerant flowing therein, and the flow of the refrigerant in a closed state. , A two-way valve acting as a pressure reducing means. 6. The cooling and heating device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the flow passage opening / closing means is opened when power is not supplied to allow the flow of the refrigerant. Vehicle heating and cooling equipment. 7. A compressor for adding work to the refrigerant, an exterior heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the outside air, an interior heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the inside air, and a refrigerant suction side of the compressor. Connected to the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor, the exterior heat exchanger and the interior heat exchanger, and selectively switching the discharge side of the compressor to the exterior heat exchanger and the interior heat exchanger. A four-way valve connected to any one of: an expansion means provided between the exterior heat exchanger and the interior heat exchanger for adiabatically expanding a refrigerant; and the four-way valve and the exterior heat exchanger. Provided between the four-way valve in the closed state to block the refrigerant flow from the four-way valve to the exterior heat exchanger and allow reverse refrigerant flow, Between the heat exchangers in the cabin A flow path opening / closing means for a vehicle interior heat exchanger which, in a closed state, blocks a refrigerant flow from the four-way valve to the vehicle interior heat exchanger and allows a reverse refrigerant flow; Operation stop means for issuing an operation stop signal in response to the detection of, when the cooling operation stop signal is issued from the operation stop means, at least the vehicle interior heat exchanger flow path opening / closing means and the expansion means are fully closed, and the cycle Switching the four-way valve according to the state of the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the outside heat exchanger side, and switching the four-way valve according to the state of the cycle to switch the high-pressure refrigerant inside the outside heat exchanger. And a control means for causing the refrigerant to flow into the refrigerant suction side of the compressor via the exterior heat exchanger flow path opening / closing means in a closed state. 8. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 7, wherein the control unit is configured to supply the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the vehicle with the vehicle exterior heat exchanger flow path opening / closing unit closed. A cooling and heating device for a vehicle, characterized in that it flows in the direction of an outdoor heat exchanger. 9. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 7, wherein the exterior heat exchanger passage opening / closing means has a directionality with respect to a refrigerant flow flowing inside, and allows the refrigerant flow in a closed state. In this case, the two-way valve acts as a pressure reducing means. 10. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 7, wherein the exterior heat exchanger passage opening / closing means is opened when power is not supplied to allow a refrigerant flow. Air conditioning unit. 11. A compressor for adding work to the refrigerant, a vehicle exterior heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the outside air, a vehicle interior heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the inside air, and a refrigerant suction side of the compressor Connected to the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor, the exterior heat exchanger, and the interior heat exchanger, and selectively discharges the refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the exterior heat exchanger and the interior heat exchanger. A four-way valve to be discharged to any one of: an expansion means provided between the exterior heat exchanger and the interior heat exchanger for adiabatically expanding refrigerant; and the four-way valve and the exterior heat exchanger. Provided between the four-way valve in the closed state to block the refrigerant flow from the four-way valve to the exterior heat exchanger and allow reverse refrigerant flow, The heat exchanger in the vehicle interior And a flow path opening / closing means for a vehicle interior heat exchanger which, in a closed state, blocks a refrigerant flow from the four-way valve toward the vehicle interior heat exchanger and allows a reverse refrigerant flow. Operation stop means for issuing an operation stop signal in response to detection of a necessary state, and when a heating operation stop signal is issued from the operation stop means, at least the vehicle exterior heat exchanger flow path opening / closing means and the expansion means are fully closed. Switching the four-way valve according to the state of the cycle, flowing the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the interior heat exchanger side, and switching the four-way valve according to the state of the cycle, within the interior heat exchanger Control means for causing high-pressure refrigerant to flow into the refrigerant suction side of the compressor via the vehicle interior heat exchanger flow path opening / closing means in a closed state. 12. The air conditioner for a vehicle according to claim 11, wherein the control unit is configured to supply the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the vehicle with the vehicle interior heat exchanger passage opening / closing unit closed. A cooling and heating device for a vehicle, characterized by flowing in a direction of an indoor heat exchanger. 13. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 11, wherein the vehicle interior heat exchanger passage opening / closing means has a directionality with respect to a refrigerant flow flowing inside, and allows the refrigerant flow in a closed state. In this case, the two-way valve acts as a pressure reducing means. 14. The cooling and heating device for a vehicle according to claim 11, wherein the passage opening / closing means for the vehicle interior heat exchanger is opened when electricity is not supplied to allow the flow of the refrigerant. Vehicle air conditioner.