JP3332268B2 - Thermal storage floor heating system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a regenerative floor heating apparatus in which a heat storage material is embedded in a mortar layer together with a heating element to heat a floor surface.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional heat storage floor heating uses heat generated by using inexpensive midnight power for the purpose of realizing energy saving, improving the balance between day and night electricity demand, and reducing electricity bills. As a heat storage material, a latent heat storage material that has a larger amount of heat storage per unit volume than a sensible heat storage material such as concrete or brick and can store and release heat at a constant temperature is often used. A thermal storage floor heating device is constructed using thermal storage panels made of materials.
Conventional heat storage panels for floor heating include, for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 60-122683 and Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 62-1852.
In a container made of plastic or the like as proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 31, Na ₂ SO ₄ .10H ₂ O, CaCl _2.
A latent heat storage material made of an inorganic salt having water of crystallization such as 6H ₂ O is sealed therein.

[0003]

However, when a latent heat storage material utilizing the latent heat required for a phase transition between a solid phase and a liquid phase is sealed in a container made of plastic or the like as in the prior art, the liquid undergoes a phase transition due to the phase transition. In such a case, there is a problem in handling, such as a need to take care to prevent the water from flowing out of the container.

Therefore, a latent heat storage material has been proposed which has a property that the heat storage material does not flow out when the latent heat storage material becomes liquid due to phase transition, that is, it does not require the use of a container. The heat storage material is, for example, an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer having a density of less than 0.925 g / cm 3 and a crystalline organic compound melt-mixed,
An example of their use are shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. In FIGS. 7 and 8 , when using a latent heat storage material that does not require the use of a container in the regenerative floor heating device, the heat storage material 3 was formed into a plate shape and laid on the base floor 1 such as a concrete slab. A heat storage material 3 is placed on a heat insulating material layer 2, the heat storage material 3 is buried together with a heating element 4 in a mortar layer 5, and the heat storage material 3 is stored by heating the heat storage material 3 with the heating element 4. However, the heat storage material 3 expands in volume while the heat storage material 3 is storing heat, and a force generated by the volume expansion acts on the mortar layer 5. At this time, since the volumetric expansion of the heat storage material 3 cannot be released, the entire mortar layer 5 floats from the heat insulating material layer 2 by the force generated by the volume expansion (the state of FIG. 7 ), and in some cases, the mortar There was a problem that a crack 20 was formed in the layer 5 (the state shown in FIG. 8 ).

[0005] In a regenerative floor heating system, the amount of heat generated from the heater, which is a heating element, is stored in the heat storage material at night using cheap electric power such as midnight power, and the heat stored in the heat storage material is radiated during the day. Because the system is designed to heat for 24 hours, the amount of heat generated from the heater, which is a heating element, during the time period when midnight power can be used is efficiently transferred to the heat storage material to store heat. This is an important point to consider.

Further, in the buried type heat storage type floor heating apparatus, mortar is cast on the heat storage material so that a mortar layer of 30 to 150 mm is formed, and heavy objects such as furniture are placed on the mortar floor. In many cases, the buried heat storage panel is subjected to a considerable load, and in consideration of this point, the conventional heat storage panel disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Nos. 60-122683 and 62-185231 is used. In the case of using a soft sodium sulfate-based heat storage material as proposed, the heat storage material may be placed in a container made of plastic or the like to improve the load resistance, or as another means, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-1458.
As shown in the conventional example of Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-62, a measure is taken to improve the load resistance by using a metal frame having a U-shaped cross section having an opening. However, in this conventional example, when the mortar is cast, the mortar enters through the opening of the metal frame, and the mortar is directly stacked on the heat storage material. Although it is possible to protect the heat storage material with a metal frame against the load, the volume expansion of the heat storage material cannot be escaped, and the mortar layer floats from the heat insulating material layer due to the force generated by the volume expansion. In some cases, the mortar layer may be cracked.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to prevent a mortar floor from being lifted up or cracked by volume expansion of a heat storage material, and to efficiently store heat. It is an object of the present invention to provide a regenerative floor heating device that can store heat in a material and requires a small load bearing performance of the heat storage material itself.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention relates to a foundation floor 1 made of a concrete slab or the like.
A heat insulating material layer 2 is provided on the heat insulating material layer 2. A heat storage material 3 and a heating element 4 which change in volume in the course of melting and solidification are provided on the heat insulating material layer 2, and a mortar cast on the heat insulating material layer 2 is provided. In the regenerative floor heating device in which the heat storage material 3 and the heating element 4 are embedded in the layer 5, the heat storage material 3 is covered with a frame 6 having a U-shaped cross section without openings on the top and side surfaces. Buried in layer 5,
The internal volume of the frame 6 is set to be larger than the volume of the heat storage material 3 when the volume of the heat storage material 3 expands .
One side is brought into contact, and elasticity is formed between the heat storage material 3 and the heat insulating material layer 2.
A cushion material 7 having elasticity of the cushion material.
The force is expressed as “self-weight of heat storage material <elasticity of cushion material <mortar
The characteristic is that it is set to satisfy the condition of
It is assumed that.

[0009]

[0010]

According to the present invention, a heat storage material 3 having a volume change in the course of melting and solidification is covered with a U-shaped frame 6 and buried in a mortar layer 5, and the internal volume of the frame 6 is reduced. Is set so as to be larger than the volume when the heat storage material 3 expands in volume, so that even if the heat storage material 3 expands in volume, the heat storage material 3 is absorbed in the space in the frame 6 and lifts the mortar layer 5. In addition, a crack can be prevented from being generated, and a load from above can be supported by the frame 6, so that the heat storage material 3 itself has a small load-bearing performance. Also, the frame
The frame 6 is made of gold by bringing one side of the heat storage material 3 into contact with the body 6.
If it is made of metal, heat conduction can be performed efficiently. In addition, a cushion material 7 having elasticity is disposed between the heat storage material 3 and the heat insulating material layer 2, and the elastic force of the cushion material 7 is calculated as "self-weight of heat storage material <elastic force of cushion material <self-weight of mortar".
The heat storage material 3 is set so as to satisfy the following condition.
Even if the volume expands in a state where the cushion member 7 is in contact with the frame member 3, the cushion member 7 can absorb the volume expansion within the frame 3.

[0011]

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The heat storage material used in the present example is a material in which paraffin is dispersed in polyethylene, and a heat storage material that does not become liquid even when paraffin is melted is used, which is formed into a plate shape without using a container. I have. As an example,
A heat storage material is used in which an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer having a density smaller than 0.925 g / cm ³ (hereinafter, referred to as “copolymer A”) and a crystalline organic compound are melt-mixed.

Further, from the viewpoint that the shape of the heat storage body is maintained and the strength is increased when the temperature is increased, the copolymer A, the crystalline organic compound, and the ethylene-α-olefin copolymer having a density higher than that of the copolymer A are used. Coalescence (hereinafter, “copolymer B”)
), And at least one of high-density polyethylene may be melt-mixed. Further, an inorganic filler may be dispersed in the above two types of molten mixtures.
This inorganic filler is desirably at least one of a metal, a metal salt and carbon black, for example. Preferably, the metal salt is, for example, at least one metal hydroxide of aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, or at least one of alumina, talc and bentonite.

[0014] The density of the copolymer A used in this embodiment is 0.
If it is 925 g / cm ³ or more, it is difficult to reduce exudation of the heat storage material even with an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer. Even if the density is less than 0.925 g / cm ³ ,
Unless the copolymer is an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer, it is difficult to reduce the exudation of the heat storage material. When the density of the copolymer A is 0.
When it is smaller than 88 g / cm ³ , the heat storage body can have transparency when the crystalline organic compound is melted.

The copolymer B used in this embodiment has a higher density than the copolymer A, and is JIS-K6
760, including medium density polyethylene. If the density is lower than that of the copolymer A, the effect of maintaining the shape may not be increased. The density of the copolymer A is 0.89 g /
When the size is smaller than ³ cm ³ , the crystallinity is reduced, so that the addition of the copolymer B is particularly effective for maintaining strength and shape. The density of the copolymer B is desirably 0.910 g / cm.
³ or more.

The ethylene-α-olefin copolymer includes, for example, ethylene, propylene, butene-1,
Examples thereof include, but are not limited to, copolymers of α-olefin such as pentane, hexene-1, 4-methylpentene-1, and octene-1 with α-olefin at a ratio of about several mol%. Further, as the high-density polyethylene used in this example, those specified in JIS-K6760 can be mentioned. If high-pressure low-density polyethylene is used instead of high-density polyethylene, the shape of the heat storage body cannot be maintained.

The latent heat storage material used in this embodiment is a crystalline organic compound. Examples of the crystalline organic compound include an organic compound having a melting point of 90 ° C. or less and a latent heat of 20 kcal / kg or more.
Alpha olefin copolymers and those having compatibility with high-density polyethylene are desirable. Specific examples thereof include at least one selected from crystalline alkyl hydrocarbons (paraffin, paraffin wax), crystalline fatty acids and crystalline fatty acid esters. One is. As the crystalline organic compound, for example, a compound having an appropriate melting point (or freezing point) is selected and used according to the temperature of heat storage and / or heat radiation of the heat storage body. Preferably, the melting point of the crystalline organic compound, ethylene-α-olefin copolymer to be blended,
It is below the melting point of high-density polyethylene.

The temperature at which heat is stored in the heat accumulator according to the present embodiment is 110 when the melting temperature of the ethylene-α-olefin copolymer to be blended is, for example, 110 to 120 ° C.
It is necessary to be less than or equal to ° C. To efficiently store heat at this heat storage temperature, the melting point of the crystalline organic compound to be compounded is 90.
It is desirable that the temperature be less than or equal to ° C. In the present embodiment, the mixing ratio of the above resin (copolymer A; or copolymers A and B and high-density polyethylene) and the crystalline organic compound is appropriately set according to the use of the heat storage element and is particularly limited. However, for example, from the viewpoint of securing the heat storage amount and securing the heat storage material carrying capacity, (resin: 10 to 70 parts by weight, crystalline organic compound: 30 to 90 parts)
Parts by weight). However, the total of the resin and the crystalline organic compound is 100 parts by weight . The present invention is illustrated in FIGS. 1-6. The heat storage material 3 has the above properties.
Paraffin is dispersed in polyethylene so that it does not become liquid even when paraffin is melted. This heat storage material 3 is formed into a plate shape as shown in FIG. 2 without using a container. The heat storage material 3 has an advantage that a container is unnecessary, but has a disadvantage that a volume change due to expansion and contraction at the time of phase transition is large. FIG. 3A shows a state in which the heat storage material 3 formed in a plate shape is cooled, and FIG. 3B shows a cross section in which the heat storage material is heated. In FIG. It can be seen that the volume V11 at the time is larger by ΔV and the volume is expanded.

The frame 6 has a U-shaped cross section as shown in FIG.
With no openings on the top and side
is there. The frame 6 is made of a metal material having good thermal conductivity such as aluminum.
When this metal frame 6 is covered
Volume V of the formed space ₆Is the plate shape shown in FIG.
V during heating of the heat storage material 3 formed in₁₁Bigger than
It is configured to: By the way, as described above,
Since the U-shaped frame 6 has no openings on the top and side surfaces,
Prevents penetration of mortar into internal space when mortar is poured
It is made possible to secure the space.

Next, a description will be given of an example in which a regenerative floor heating device is constructed by using the above-mentioned members. A heat insulating material layer 2 made of expanded polystyrene, expanded polyurethane, or the like is laid on a base floor 1 made of a concrete slab or the like, and a heat storage material 3 formed in a plate shape is placed thereon. A frame 6 having a U-shaped cross section is placed over the mortar, and the mortar is further placed on the mortar for 30 to 30 seconds.
The mortar layer 5 is formed by casting with a thickness of 150 mm to constitute a regenerative floor heating device .

In the regenerative floor heating apparatus having the above-described configuration, the mortar is cast by covering the heat storage material 3 with the frame 6 having no openings on the top and side surfaces. Intrusion can be prevented, so that a space portion having a volume V6 larger than the volume V11 when the heat storage material 3 expands in the mortar layer 5 can be formed. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the floor when the heat storage material 3 is heated and expanded in volume. Since the volume V6 of the space formed by the metal frame 6 is configured to be larger than the volume V11 when the heat storage material 3 expands when the heat storage material 3 is heated, when the heat storage material 3 expands in volume. However, a space portion remains in the mortar layer 5, and the force generated when the heat storage material 3 expands does not adversely affect the mortar layer 5. Therefore, unlike the conventional case, the mortar layer 5 does not rise or the mortar layer 5 does not crack. Further, the load of the mortar layer 5 is received by the frame body 6, and the heat storage material 3 can be protected from the load.

The onset Netsutai 4 a is a heater Yes and disposed in contact with the upper surface of the frame 6 made of good thermal conductivity material such as aluminum, the heating element 4 generates heat, the frame 6 is It acts like a soaking plate and the whole is heated evenly,
In addition, since the heat storage material 3 is in contact with the frame 6, the heat storage 3 is efficiently heated from the entire surface of the frame 6 and stored. Then, it is provided with a cushioning material 7 separate part between the heat storage material 6 and the heat insulating material layer 2 as means for contacting one side of the heat storage material 3 to the frame 6. A material is selected in which the elastic force of the cushion member 7 is larger than the own weight of the heat storage material 3 but smaller than the own weight of the mortar. Therefore, in the installed state, since the elastic force of the cushion material 7 is larger than the own weight of the heat storage material 3, the heat storage material 3 is supported by the cushion material 7 and one surface of the heat storage material 3 is pressed against the frame 6. . From this state, when the heater serving as the heating element 4 disposed at intervals is started to be energized, the heat generated from the heater serving as the heating element 4 is conducted to the mortar layer 5 and the frame 6. 6 is made of a metal such as aluminum which has several stages of better heat conductivity than mortar, so that the temperature rises quickly, and furthermore, it serves as a heat equalizing plate and is heated in a state where the temperature unevenness of the entire surface is small. Here, in this embodiment, since one surface of the heat storage material 3 is in contact with the frame 6, the heat storage material 3 is thermally conducted from the entire surface and is efficiently stored, so that the heat storage material 3 The thermal conductivity to the substrate will be improved.

Next, when the heat storage material 3 is heated and heat storage is started, an expansion generating force due to volume expansion is generated inside the heat storage body 3, and this force simultaneously acts on the cushion material 7, the frame 6 and the mortar layer 5. . The force generated by this volume expansion is large enough to lift the entire mortar layer 5, and in order not to lift the mortar layer 5, the cushioning material 7 must first be deformed with a force smaller than the weight of the mortar layer 7 itself. some, but according to the present invention, since the elastic force of the cushion member 7 are then selected becomes smaller material than the self-weight of the mortar layer, the cushion as shown in FIG. 5 also volume expansion member 7
There is not above up Rukoto have mortar layer 5 by deforming. Note that when the elastic force of the cushion member 7 is self-weight greater than the mortar not deformed cushioning material 7 as shown in FIG. 6, undesirably disadvantageously mortar layer 5 is lifted. Here, in the present invention, in consideration of the above points, the specific gravity of the heat storage material 3 is about 0.9 g / cm3 because it is a mixture of paraffin and polyethylene, and the specific gravity of the mortar is about 2.2 g / cm3. Therefore, the material of the cushioning material 7 does not deform under a load of 1 g / cm2 or less.
A material having an elastic force that is deformed by a load of 2 g / cm2 or more is selected. By selecting the cushion material 7 of such a material, the volume expansion of the heat storage material 3 during the phase transition can be absorbed by the cushion material 7 .

[0024]

As described above, according to the present invention, the heat storage material is covered with a U-shaped cross-section frame having no openings at the top and side portions, and is buried in the mortar layer. Is set to be larger than the volume when the heat storage material expands in volume, so even if the heat storage material expands in volume, it is absorbed in the space inside the frame and lifts the mortar layer or causes cracks Heat can be efficiently stored in the heat storage material.
There is an advantage that the load from above can be supported by the frame, the load resistance of the heat storage material itself can be small, and a heat storage material that does not require reinforcement by a container or the like can be used. In addition, the heat storage material
By contacting one side of the metal frame as a frame
When used, the frame also functions as a heat equalizing plate and heat conduction efficiency is improved.
It will be. Also, the elastic between the heat storage material and the insulation layer
A cushion material having an elastic property,
Is determined as “self-weight of heat storage material <elasticity of cushion material <mole
By setting it to meet the condition of
The heat storage material can be brought into contact with the frame by using the
When the heat storage material expands in volume,
And in this case lift the mortar layer,
Alternatively, it can prevent cracks from occurring.

[0025]

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a thermal storage floor heating equipment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a heat storage material used in the first embodiment.

3A and 3B are cross-sectional views of the same heat storage material when cooling, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view when heat storage is performed.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a frame used in the above.

FIG. 5 shows the volume of heat storage material in the regenerative floor heating device of FIG .
It is sectional drawing of the state which expanded .

FIG. 6 shows a problem when a cushion is used .
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a comparative example .

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a mortar layer is lifted in a conventional example .

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a crack has occurred in a conventional example .

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Foundation floor 2 Heat insulating material layer 3 Heat storage material 4 Heating element 5 Mortar layer 6 Frame 7 Cushion material

Continuation of front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F24D 11/00 F24D 13/02

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A heat insulating material layer is provided on a foundation floor made of a concrete slab or the like, and a heat storage material and a heating element which change in volume in the course of melting and solidification are installed on the heat insulating material layer. In a regenerative floor heating apparatus in which a heat storage material and a heating element are embedded in a mortar layer cast in a mortar layer, a heat storage material is covered with a U-shaped cross-sectional frame having no openings on the upper surface and side surfaces. Embedded in the mortar layer, the inner volume of the frame is set to be larger than the volume when the heat storage material expands, and one side of the heat storage material is brought into contact with the frame, and the heat storage material and the heat insulating material layer
A cushion material having elasticity is provided between the
A regenerative floor heating apparatus characterized in that the elastic force of the heat storage material is set so that the following condition is satisfied: self-weight of heat storage material <elastic force of cushion material <self-weight of mortar .