JP3444738B2 - Drilling rig for rectangular section shield machine - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an excavator for a rectangular cross-section shield machine for excavating a tunnel having a rectangular cross section.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A shield excavator for excavating a tunnel having a circular cross section has been well known, but a shield excavator for excavating a tunnel having a rectangular cross section has been proposed with emphasis on the efficiency of the excavation area. This shield machine is, for example, a swing drum type in which a cylindrical cutter drum is swung by a swing arm, or a rotary type in which a triangular cutter head of a roulo is eccentrically rotated.
There is a link type in which a circular cutter head is moved along a rectangular direction by a parallel link together with its rotary drive device.

[0003]

However, the swing drum type has a small drum area with respect to the face to be excavated,
There was a problem that the collapsed earth pressure of the face could not be maintained due to the cutter head. Further, in the rotary type, only a tunnel having a square cross section can be excavated, and when excavating a tunnel having a rectangular cross section, it is necessary to use two cutter heads together, and there is a problem that the structure is complicated. Further, in the link type, it is necessary to provide a heavy-weight and large-capacity cutter head with a drive device to the end effector, and the cutter head with a drive device is moved in a pressure chamber that holds the collapsed earth pressure while taking in sand and sand. There was a problem that a large amount of power was needed for this.

The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, has a simple structure and can easily excavate a tunnel having a rectangular cross section, does not require a large driving force, and uses a cutter head to cut face collapse earth pressure. Another object of the present invention is to provide an excavating device for a rectangular cross-section shield machine capable of sufficiently holding the excavator.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is a rectangular plate-shaped cutter having an excavation surface smaller than the shield body in the front part of the shield body having a rectangular cross section. A cutter driving device that forms a parallel link manipulator with a plurality of telescopic actuators in which a head is arranged and a front end portion is rotatably connected to the cutter head and a rear end portion is rotatably connected to a shield body. The cutter driving device is configured to excavate the natural ground by reciprocating the cutter head in a space including a plane orthogonal to the shield axis.

According to the above construction, the cutter head driving device composed of the parallel link manipulator drives the plurality of telescopic actuators to reciprocate the cutter head in the vertical and horizontal directions and in the turning direction, thereby excavating the natural ground, and The cutter head can be moved in any direction and at any angle and direction with respect to the excavation plane that is perpendicular to the direction and the shield axis, parallel to the excavation plane, and can be used for linear and curved excavations, digging and expansion. Arbitrary excavation forms such as excavation are possible. Further, since the cutter head side, which is the end effector, can be made light by being composed of only a plurality of telescopic actuators, the driving force of the telescopic actuator can be small with a simple structure. Further, the pressure receiving area of the cutter head that holds the collapsed earth pressure is wide, and the tunnel having a rectangular cross section can be stably excavated.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the cutter head having the above structure, the columnar frames are combined in a lattice shape to form a cutter face plate, and a space between the columnar frames is formed in the earth and sand intake port. It has a large number of cutter bits.

According to the above construction, the cutter head has a simple structure and can secure the necessary strength over the front surface, and the inlets for excavated earth and sand can be evenly arranged, and the cutter head can be reciprocally moved with a small stroke. Even when excavating a mountain, excavated soil can be reliably taken in and discharged.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the parallel link manipulator of the cutter driving device is constituted by a set of two telescopic actuators, and the base end portions of the telescopic actuators of each set are respectively viewed from the front. In addition to connecting to the shield body near the corners of the vertically long rectangle, the tip ends of two telescopic actuators of each adjacent group are connected to the cutter head near the corners of the vertically long rhombus when viewed from the front, respectively. The main body is formed in a horizontally long rectangular cross section.

According to the above construction, since the rectangular cutter head is supported by the telescopic actuator at four locations in the vicinity of the four corners of the rhombus, the excavation reaction force and the face collapse earth pressure applied to the rectangular cutter head can be uniformly maintained. It is possible and has extremely good stability as compared with a general two-to-three set parallel link manipulator. Further, since the inner quadrangle of the base end side connecting portion of the telescopic actuator of the shield body can be widened, the degree of freedom of arrangement of the soil discharging device, the stirring device and the like can be improved. Furthermore, by making the connecting part with the shield body on the base end side of the telescopic actuator near the corner position of the vertically long rectangle, and the connecting part with the cutter head at the tip end of the telescopic actuator near the corner position of the vertically long rhombus, the cutter The range of movement of the head can be wide in the horizontal direction,
It is most suitable for excavating a horizontally long rectangular tunnel.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Here, an embodiment of an excavating device for a rectangular cross-section shield machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a rectangular cutter head 2 having a slightly smaller height and a smaller lateral width is arranged at the front portion of the shield body 1 having a horizontally long rectangular cross section. A parallel link manipulator composed of hydraulic cutter drive cylinders 3A to 3H, which is a total of eight telescopic actuators, is connected between the cutter head 2 and the cutter head 2 to form a cutter head drive device 4.

In the shield body 1, a pressure partition wall 5 is formed with a pressure chamber 6 for holding the collapsed earth pressure of the face, and although not shown, the pressure partition wall 5 has a mud feeding pipe, a mud drain pipe, and a sand / sand mixing device.
Alternatively, an earth discharging device including a screw feeder is provided.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the cutter head 2 is formed by connecting a plurality of columnar frames 12 in a rectangular frame frame 11 at predetermined intervals so as to be connected in an oblique lattice pattern. A through space surrounded by the frame frame 11 and the columnar frame 12 is configured as the earth and sand intake 13. A large number of cutter bits 1 are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the frame 11 and the front surface of the columnar frame 12 at predetermined intervals.
4, 15 are projected.

The parallel link manipulator constituting the cutter head driving device 4 is, as shown in FIGS.
The base end portions of the eight cutter drive cylinders 3A to 3H are connected to the pressure partition wall 5 of the shield body 1 serving as a platform in the vicinity of the corners of a rectangle R that is vertically long in a front view via a rotary joint 21. Cutter drive cylinders 3B, 3C, 3
F and 3G are cutter drive cylinders 3A, 3D and 3 with inner side
It is connected and supported at a position projecting forward from E and 3H. In addition, the tips of the cutter drive cylinders 3A to 3H are
The cutter head 2 which is an end effector is connected to the back surface of the cutter head 2 in the front view near the corners of the elongated diamond D via a rotary joint 22, and the cutter drive cylinders 3B, 3C, 3 on both the left and right sides are connected.
F and 3G are cutter drive cylinders 3A, 3D and 3 with inner side
It is connected and supported at a position projecting forward from E and 3H.

In the operation of the cutter head 2 by this parallel link manipulator, as shown in FIGS. 9 (a) to 9 (c), the center C of the cutter head 2 is in a range M indicated by hatching, which is wide in the left-right direction when viewed from the front. It can be seen that the operating range can be secured. Therefore, by the arrangement and configuration of the cutter driving cylinders 3A to 3H having the above-described configuration, it is possible to secure the optimum operating range m for excavating a tunnel having a horizontally long rectangular cross section.

The rotary joints 21 and 22 of the cutter drive cylinders 3A to 3H may be spherical joints or universal joints, but in this embodiment, the rotary range is wide in the lateral direction and narrow in the vertical direction. As shown in, a spherical bush specification joint is used. That is, the pressure partition wall 5 or the mounting member 23 of the cutter head 2 is provided with a pair of fixed brackets 24, and the cutter drive cylinders 3A to 3H are provided with movable brackets 25 that are loosely fitted between the fixed brackets 24. There is. A spherical bush 26 is rotatably fitted in a spherical recess 25a formed in the movable bracket 25, and a pin hole 26a is formed in the spherical bush 26. Then, the support pin 27 is penetrated through the pin hole of the fixed bracket 24 and the pin hole 26a of the spherical bush 26 so that the pressure partition wall 5 or the cutter head 2 and the cutter drive cylinder 3A.
.About.3H are connected. Therefore, the cutter drive cylinders 3A to 3H can rotate in a wide range in the left-right direction around the support pin 27, and can rotate in a narrow range in the up-down direction in a plane including the axis of the support pin 27 by the spherical bush 26. be able to.

In the above structure, the cutter drive control unit (not shown) controls the pressure oil supplied and discharged from the hydraulic pump to control the expansion and contraction of the cutter drive cylinders 3A to 3H, so that the cutter head 2 is in the plane orthogonal to the shield axis. It reciprocates in the left and right direction and in the up and down direction, and if necessary, makes an arc motion or a rectangular swivel motion to excavate the ground by the cutter bits 14 and 15 and take the excavated earth and sand into the pressure chamber 6 from the earth and sand intake 13 Shield body 1 by earth removal device
To the rear of. In addition, the cutter head 2 extends and contracts each of the cutter drive cylinders 3A to 3H so that the cutter head 2 is translated in the front-rear direction or tilted with respect to a plane orthogonal to the shield axis, depending on the soil quality and excavation conditions. By doing so, it is possible to excavate well.

According to the above-described embodiment, since the cutter head 2 is directly attached to the end effector of the parallel link manipulator constituted by the eight cutter driving cylinders 3A to 3H, the driven part is lightweight and has a small capacity. , The excavation speed of the cutter drive cylinders 3A to 3H can be increased to enable efficient excavation, and the movement in the pressure chamber 6 for accommodating the excavated earth and sand is facilitated, and the power of the cutter drive cylinders 3A to 3H is increased. It can be used effectively. In addition, the operation of the cutter head 2 can be arbitrarily set, and the operation of the cutter head 2 can be arbitrarily set according to the soil quality, which provides a high degree of freedom. Also, the area of the cutter head 2 can be arbitrarily set according to the soil quality and excavation conditions, and the area for receiving the collapsed earth pressure can be widened.

In the above embodiment, the shield machine for excavating a tunnel having a horizontally long rectangular cross section is shown, but of course, a shield machine for excavating a tunnel having a vertically long rectangular cross section may be used.

[0021]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the cutter head driving device including the parallel link manipulator drives the plurality of telescopic actuators to swivel the cutter head vertically and horizontally. It is possible to excavate the ground by reciprocating the direction, and to move the cutter head in all directions and in the direction tilted with respect to the excavation plane perpendicular to the front-back direction and the shield axis, and further in the inclined state. It is possible to perform arbitrary excavation forms such as straight line excavation, curved excavation, extra excavation and extended excavation. Further, since the cutter head side, which is the end effector, can be made light by being composed of only a plurality of telescopic actuators, the driving force of the telescopic actuator can be small with a simple structure. Further, the pressure receiving area of the cutter head that holds the collapsed earth pressure is wide, and the tunnel having a rectangular cross section can be stably excavated.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the cutter head can have a simple structure to secure necessary strength over the front surface, and the inlets for excavated earth and sand can be uniformly arranged, so that the cutter head can be made to have a long stroke. Even if the ground is excavated by a small reciprocating motion, the excavated earth and sand can be reliably taken in and discharged.

Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, since the rectangular cutter head is supported by the telescopic actuator at four positions in the vicinity of the four corners of the rhombus, the excavation reaction force applied to the rectangular cutter head and the ground collapse pressure are uniform. It is possible to hold the same, and is extremely stable as compared with a general two-to-three set parallel link manipulator. Further, since the inner quadrangle of the base end side connecting portion of the telescopic actuator of the shield body can be widened, the degree of freedom of arrangement of the soil discharging device, the stirring device and the like can be improved. Furthermore, by making the connecting part with the shield body on the base end side of the telescopic actuator near the corner position of the vertically long rectangle, and the connecting part with the cutter head at the tip end of the telescopic actuator near the corner position of the vertically long rhombus, the cutter The moving range of the head can be wide in the lateral direction, which is most suitable for excavation of a horizontally long tunnel having a rectangular cross section.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a rectangular cross-section shield machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an operation of the shield machine.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing a cutter head of the shield machine.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line I-I shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic front view showing the shield machine.

FIG. 6 is a schematic side sectional view showing the shield machine.

FIG. 7 is a schematic plan sectional view showing the shield machine.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a rotary joint of the shield machine.

9A to 9C are explanatory views of the operating range of the cutter driving device, in which FIG. 9A is a front view, FIG. 9B is a bottom view, and FIG.
(C) is a side view.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Shield body 2 cutter head 3A-3H cutter drive cylinder 4 cutter drive 5 Pressure partition 11 frame 12 columnar frame 13 Sediment intake 14,15 cutter bits 21,22 swivel joint

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-8-210086 (JP, A) JP-A-8-210085 (JP, A) JP-A-8-53995 (JP, A) (58) Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21D 9/08 E21D 9/06 301

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A rectangular plate-shaped cutter head having an excavation surface smaller than that of the shield body is arranged at a front portion of a shield body having a rectangular cross section, and a front end portion is rotatably connected to the cutter head and a rear end portion. A cutter driving device that constitutes a parallel link manipulator by a plurality of telescopic actuators whose parts are rotatably connected to the shield body is provided, and the cutter driving device is used by the cutter driving device in a space including a surface orthogonal to the shield axis. An excavating device for a rectangular cross-section shield excavator, which is configured to excavate the ground by reciprocating. 2. A cutter head, wherein columnar frames are combined in a lattice shape to form a cutter face plate, a space between the columnar frames is formed in a sediment intake port, and a large number of cutter bits are projected on these columnar frames. An excavating device for a rectangular cross-section shield machine according to claim 1. 3. A parallel link manipulator of a cutter driving device is constituted by two sets of eight telescopic actuators, and the base ends of the telescopic actuators of each set are located near the corners of a vertically long rectangle in front view. In addition to being connected to the shield body, the tip ends of two telescopic actuators, one from each adjacent group, were connected to the cutter head in the vicinity of the corners of the vertically elongated rhombus in front view to form the shield body in a horizontally long rectangular cross section. The excavation device for a rectangular cross-section shield machine according to claim 1 or 2.