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JP3470710B2 - Evaluation method for liquid-repellent surface - Google Patents
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JP3470710B2 - Evaluation method for liquid-repellent surface - Google Patents

Evaluation method for liquid-repellent surface

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Publication number
JP3470710B2
JP3470710B2 JP2001236742A JP2001236742A JP3470710B2 JP 3470710 B2 JP3470710 B2 JP 3470710B2 JP 2001236742 A JP2001236742 A JP 2001236742A JP 2001236742 A JP2001236742 A JP 2001236742A JP 3470710 B2 JP3470710 B2 JP 3470710B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
dye
liquid
repellent
stress
sphere
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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JP2001236742A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2002116128A (en
Inventor
拓也 近藤
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Priority to JP2001236742A priority Critical patent/JP3470710B2/en
Publication of JP2002116128A publication Critical patent/JP2002116128A/en
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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 【0001】 【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、撥液処理における
撥液膜の存在の有無を判別する方法に関し、特に染料入
り液滴を撥液処理面およびその近傍に噴霧し、凝固した
微細な染料球に接触による応力を負荷し、同球の形態変
化によって接触の有無を判断する評価方法に関する。 【0002】 【従来の技術】一般に、内燃機関等の燃料噴射弁等で
は、バルブの開閉によって、確実に燃料を遮断または適
量の流量を流さなければならない。その際、燃料中には
オイル、添加物、水分等の異物が存在し、これが凝集ま
たは化学反応を起こして堆積しデポジットと称する堆積
物が、燃料等の流れの障害となる。このため、エンジン
部品へのデポジット付着防止のため、部品表面にフルオ
ロアルキルシラン等の撥液膜を形成する技術が開発され
ている。この分野の公知技術として、特開平6−841
6号公報には、インクジェット記録方法として、インク
を吐出するヘッドのノズルオリフィスに撥水処理を施す
ことにより、目詰まり信頼性を向上する技術が開示され
ている。 【0003】この時、撥液膜が適正に形成されているか
否かを判断・評価することが品質管理上重要となる。か
かる撥液処理膜の検出方法として、干渉法、オージェ分
光分析法がある。どちらも研究室レベルの手法であり、
製品製造等の品質管理に適用するのは形状制限・高コス
ト・高度ノウハウの必要等によって困難である。すなわ
ち、干渉法では、基材表面と薄膜表面で反射する光同士
の干渉によって生じる干渉縞から薄膜の厚さを求める手
法であり、試料には数十cm角の平坦面が必要となる。ま
た、本手法は撥液膜の厚さを測定する方法で、表面の撥
液性を直接測定するものではない。 【0004】一方、オージェ分光分析法は、入射電子線
に対して試料表面から出てくるオージェ電子を捉える手
法である。したがって、撥液膜に含まれる物質の存在を
検出することができる。しかし、観察するためには試料
ステージに乗る数cm角に試料を予備加工しなければなら
ない。また、観察にも高度な技術と経験を必要とし、多
くの工数がかかり、コストも高くなる。また、本手法は
撥液膜の成分を測定する方法で、表面の撥液性を直接測
定するものではない。そこで、もっと簡単に撥液処理領
域と未処理領域の分別を可能とし、製品製造時の品質管
理を容易にする工夫が求められている。 【0005】 【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は、撥液
処理領域と未処理領域の分別方法を開発し、非破壊的
に、かつ簡単に撥液膜が適性に形成されているか否かを
判断・評価できる撥液膜処理表面の評価方法を提供す
る。 【0006】また、本発明の他の目的は、前記染料入り
液滴に応力を負荷した状態での発色の差を検討し、接触
応力の判定を可能とする撥液処理表面の評価方法を提供
することにある。 【0007】 【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的は、撥液膜の
他物質との接触の有無を判断する方法であって、撥液処
理部に染料入り液滴を噴霧し乾燥させ、応力を負荷し染
料色を現出させることによって判断することを特徴とす
る撥液処理表面の評価方法によって達成される。 【0008】 【発明の実施の形態】本発明は、分別可視化手法を基本
にさらに接触応力計測膜への応用を達成するものであ
る。先ず、中間の臨界表面張力を有する染料入り液滴
(染料液滴)を基材表面に噴霧すると、基材表面は染料
液滴より撥液性が低いため濡れて塗膜状となる。一方、
撥液処理面に噴霧すると、撥液処理面の撥液性が高いこ
とから、染料液滴は弾かれて球状となる。これら両者
は、液滴の状態では区別は付き難いが、乾燥することに
より、塗膜状のものは染料自体の色が現出するのに対
し、球状のものは黒い点となって染料自体の色とは異な
って観察される。このことは、目視等により撥液膜の存
在の有無を確認でき、簡単に撥液膜処理領域と未処理領
域との分別ができることになる。 【0009】本発明は、前記方法によって、乾燥により
球状となった染料に圧力が負荷されると、染料が潰れ、
圧力の大きさにより偏平状へと変化する。この結果、染
料の色が明確に現れ、どの部分が接触したかが容易に判
る。この方法は、感圧紙と異なり供試品の表面に直接形
成する方式であり曲面部にも容易に適用でき、相手形状
に依らないため汎用性が高い。 【0010】以下、本発明についてさらに詳述する。 【0011】本発明では、水溶系染料をスプレー法で吹
付ける方法が基本となる。そして、乾燥時間の大幅短縮
を可能とする溶剤系染料を用いる手法と吹付け量の均一
化を可能とするインクジェット吹付け法(インクジェッ
ト印刷法の応用)を組合わせる方法である。表1にこれ
らをまとめて示す。 【0012】 【表1】 【0013】本発明の技術的特徴は、感圧性表面の形成
による接触応力計測膜への応用としての評価方法であ
る。この場合、撥液膜処理面で球状に凝固した微細な染
料球は、応力を負荷すると潰れて平面状になる。そして
応力が大きいほど平坦になる性質を利用する。先ず、部
品の評価部位表面に撥液処理を施した後、スプレー法を
用いて微細染料凝固球を形成し、そこに何かが接触すれ
ば、同球が平面状になり染料色が発現することになる。
この時、接触の有無が分るだけでなく、発色領域の染料
の形態を詳細に観察することにより、接触応力の大きさ
を推定することも可能となる。 【0014】また、本発明の応用として、撥液処理面で
球状に凝固した微細な染料球は、溶液の存在する環境に
おいては容易に潰れ易くなる性質を利用する。例えば、
用紙面に水溶性の微細染料凝固球を形成し、そこに指が
接触すれば、指先の水分、例えば汗等によって同球が潰
れ易くなり、簡単に平面状になり染料色が発現する。こ
れを利用すれば、押捺紙への適用も可能となる。なお、
本発明の染料は、水溶系染料としては、それ自体の構造
に水溶性基を有するもの、または界面活性剤等により溶
液内で安定な集合体を形成するものであれば良い。ま
た、染料の有機溶剤系とは、例えば四塩化炭素、トリク
ロロエチレン等の塩素系および炭化水素系の有機溶剤を
使用するものであれば良く、特にこれらに限定するもの
ではない。 【0015】以下、本発明について実施例の添付図面に
よってさらに説明する。 【0016】 【実施例】本発明の実施例として、ステンレス製部品表
面に撥液膜としてフルオロアルキルシラン(FAS膜処
理)を形成する場合の分別を行った。この時、ステンレ
ス表面の表面張力は約50mN/mであり、FAS膜表面
のγcは約20mN/mである。そこで、両表面の臨界表
面張力γcの中間値を持つ染料液滴を使用することにし
た。この染料液滴は、ステンレス表面上では完全に濡
れ、FAS膜表面上では球状になる。本実施例では、通
常のX−Yレコーダ等に用いられる赤色の水溶性インク
を用いた。この臨界表面張力γcは、前記のとおり中間
値として約40mN/mとした。 【0017】本実施例は、感圧性表面の形成のため、す
なわち接触応力計測膜への応用として、乾燥後、押し応
力を付与したものである。本実施例の液滴の変化を図1
(a)および(b)の模式図に示す。染料液滴について
は、撥液膜処理を施した部品の評価部位表面にスプレー
法を用いて微細染料凝固球を形成し、そこに、部材を押
付けると染料球は潰れて平面状になる。すなわち、図1
(a)のように、被検体2に液滴1を滴下し乾燥後、部
材4で押付け力3を液滴1に付与する。この押付け力3
によって、図1(b)のように、黒点状を呈していた染
料球は染料色を示すようになる。また、押付け応力が大
きいほど染料球は平坦になる。したがって、接触の有無
を判定するだけでなく、接触応力の大きさを半定量的に
推定することも可能となる。そのためには、図2に示す
ような染料球径の平均増加割合と押付け応力との関係を
求める必要がある。図2は押付け応力と押付け後の染料
球径の増加量との関係を示し、染料球径の変化から押付
け応力を換算することが可能となる。 【0018】評価に際しては、先ず染料色を発した部位
の詳細観察を行い、染料球の形状変化の有無を調べる。
平均球径が増すと、接触があったと判断できる。さらに
染料球径の変化割合より、接触応力の大きさを推定でき
る。本実施例は、いわゆる感圧紙としての機能を有する
もので、染料球が粉体および点状の色発現体であれば良
く、さらにその確認が目視で不可能の時は、100〜1
000倍に拡大してその表面を観察し、処理と未処理部
の差を判断することは勿論可能である。 【0019】以上の実施例の他に、水溶性の染料を用い
て撥液処理面に形成した微細な染料球は、湿度の高い環
境においては潰れ易くなる性質がある。例えば、図3の
ように、押付け部材が乾燥および含湿状態では、染料球
の形状変化量が異なる。すなわち、図3から、平板表面
に水溶性の微細染料の凝固球を形成し、そこに指のよう
に汗という湿気を有す部材が接触すれば、同球は潰れ易
くなり、容易に平面状になり染料色を発現させることが
できる。 【0020】 【発明の効果】本発明は、従来のオージェ分光分析法の
ように、分析用に試料を加工する必要が無く、非破壊検
査手法であり、染料液滴の色発現性によって撥液処理表
面の撥液膜の存在の有無を評価することが可能である。
また、撥液処理表面が、計画通りに撥液性を有している
か否かを短時間・低コストで評価可能である。
Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for determining the presence or absence of a liquid-repellent film in a liquid-repellent treatment, and more particularly to a method for determining the presence of a liquid droplet containing a dye and a liquid-repellent surface. The present invention relates to an evaluation method of applying a stress caused by contact to a fine dye sphere that has been sprayed and solidified in the vicinity thereof and judging the presence or absence of the contact based on a change in the shape of the sphere. 2. Description of the Related Art In general, in a fuel injection valve or the like of an internal combustion engine or the like, it is necessary to reliably shut off fuel or flow an appropriate flow rate by opening and closing the valve. At this time, foreign substances such as oil, additives, and moisture are present in the fuel, and the foreign substances cause agglomeration or a chemical reaction and are deposited. The deposits called deposits obstruct the flow of the fuel and the like. For this reason, a technology for forming a liquid-repellent film such as fluoroalkylsilane on the surface of a component has been developed in order to prevent deposits from adhering to the engine component. As a known technique in this field, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-841 is known.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-64,087 discloses a technique for improving clogging reliability by performing a water-repellent treatment on a nozzle orifice of a head for discharging ink as an ink jet recording method. At this time, it is important for quality control to determine and evaluate whether or not the liquid-repellent film is properly formed. As a method for detecting such a liquid-repellent film, there are an interference method and an Auger spectroscopic analysis method. Both are lab-level methods,
It is difficult to apply to quality control such as product manufacturing because of shape restrictions, high cost, and the need for advanced know-how. That is, the interferometry is a method of obtaining the thickness of the thin film from interference fringes generated by interference between light reflected on the surface of the base material and the surface of the thin film, and the sample requires a flat surface of several tens of cm square. Further, this method is a method for measuring the thickness of the liquid-repellent film, and does not directly measure the liquid-repellency of the surface. On the other hand, Auger spectroscopy is a technique for catching Auger electrons coming out of a sample surface with respect to an incident electron beam. Therefore, the presence of the substance contained in the liquid repellent film can be detected. However, for observation, the sample must be pre-processed to a size of several cm on the sample stage. Observation also requires advanced skills and experience, requires many man-hours, and increases costs. Further, this method is a method for measuring the components of the liquid-repellent film, and does not directly measure the liquid-repellency of the surface. Therefore, there is a need for a device that can more easily separate the liquid-repellent region from the untreated region and facilitate quality control during product manufacturing. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to develop a method for separating a liquid-repellent region from an untreated region, and to form a liquid-repellent film nondestructively and easily. Provided is a method for evaluating a liquid-repellent film-treated surface, which can determine and evaluate whether or not the surface is treated. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating a liquid-repellent treated surface, which makes it possible to determine a contact stress by examining a difference in color development when a stress is applied to the dye-containing droplet. Is to do. The object of the present invention is to provide a method for judging the presence or absence of contact with another substance of a liquid-repellent film. This is achieved by a method for evaluating a liquid-repellent surface, which is characterized by applying a stress to make a dye color appear. [0008] The present invention achieves further application to a contact stress measurement film based on a separation visualization technique. First, when a droplet containing a dye having an intermediate critical surface tension (dye droplet) is sprayed on the surface of the substrate, the surface of the substrate has a lower lyophobic property than the droplet of the dye, so that the surface of the substrate becomes wet and forms a coating film. on the other hand,
When sprayed onto the liquid-repellent surface, the dye droplets are repelled and become spherical because the liquid-repellent surface has high liquid repellency. These two are difficult to distinguish in the state of droplets, but when dried, the color of the dye itself appears in the form of a paint film, whereas the spherical form becomes a black dot and becomes a black dot. Observed differently from color. This means that the presence or absence of the liquid-repellent film can be confirmed by visual inspection or the like, and the liquid-repellent film treated area and the untreated area can be easily distinguished. According to the present invention, when a pressure is applied to a spherical dye by drying according to the above method, the dye is crushed,
It changes to a flat shape depending on the magnitude of the pressure. As a result, the color of the dye appears clearly, and it is easy to see which part has come into contact. This method differs from pressure-sensitive paper in that it is formed directly on the surface of the sample, and can be easily applied to curved surfaces, and is highly versatile because it does not depend on the mating shape. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail. In the present invention, a method of spraying a water-soluble dye by a spray method is fundamental. Then, this is a method in which a method using a solvent-based dye capable of greatly shortening the drying time is combined with an ink jet spraying method (application of an ink jet printing method) capable of equalizing the spray amount. Table 1 summarizes these. [Table 1] A technical feature of the present invention is an evaluation method as applied to a contact stress measurement film by forming a pressure-sensitive surface. In this case, the fine dye spheres solidified in a spherical shape on the liquid-repellent film-treated surface are crushed and become flat when stress is applied. The property of flattening as the stress is larger is used. First, after applying a liquid-repellent treatment to the surface of the evaluation part of the part, a fine dye coagulation sphere is formed using a spray method, and if something comes in contact with the sphere, the sphere becomes flat and a dye color is developed. Will be.
At this time, it is possible to estimate the magnitude of the contact stress by not only knowing whether or not there is a contact, but also observing the form of the dye in the coloring region in detail. Further, as an application of the present invention, a property is employed in which fine dye spheres coagulated spherically on the liquid-repellent surface are easily crushed in an environment where a solution is present. For example,
When water-soluble fine dye coagulation spheres are formed on the paper surface and a finger comes into contact therewith, the spheres are liable to be crushed by moisture at the fingertips, for example, sweat, etc., and easily become flat to exhibit a dye color. If this is used, it can be applied to imprinted paper. In addition,
The dye of the present invention may be any water-soluble dye as long as it has a water-soluble group in its own structure, or a dye that forms a stable aggregate in a solution with a surfactant or the like. The organic solvent system of the dye is not particularly limited as long as it uses a chlorine-based or hydrocarbon-based organic solvent such as carbon tetrachloride or trichloroethylene. Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings of embodiments. EXAMPLE As an example of the present invention, separation was performed when a fluoroalkylsilane (FAS film treatment) was formed as a liquid-repellent film on the surface of a stainless steel part. At this time, the surface tension of the stainless steel surface is about 50 mN / m, and γc of the FAS film surface is about 20 mN / m. Therefore, a dye droplet having an intermediate value of the critical surface tension γc of both surfaces is used. These dye droplets are completely wet on the stainless steel surface and become spherical on the FAS film surface. In this embodiment, a red water-soluble ink used for a general XY recorder or the like was used. The critical surface tension γc was about 40 mN / m as an intermediate value as described above. In this embodiment, a pressing stress is applied after drying to form a pressure-sensitive surface, that is, as an application to a contact stress measurement film. FIG. 1 shows the change of the droplet in this embodiment.
Schematic diagrams of (a) and (b) are shown. With respect to the dye droplets, fine dye coagulation spheres are formed by spraying on the surface of the evaluation site of the component subjected to the liquid-repellent film treatment, and when the member is pressed thereon, the dye spheres are crushed into a flat shape. That is, FIG.
As shown in (a), after the droplet 1 is dropped on the subject 2 and dried, a pressing force 3 is applied to the droplet 1 by the member 4. This pressing force 3
As a result, as shown in FIG. 1B, the dye sphere having a black dot shape shows a dye color. Further, the larger the pressing stress, the flatter the dye sphere. Therefore, it is possible to semi-quantitatively estimate the magnitude of the contact stress as well as determine the presence or absence of the contact. For this purpose, it is necessary to determine the relationship between the average increase rate of the diameter of the dye sphere and the pressing stress as shown in FIG. FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the pressing stress and the amount of increase in the diameter of the dye sphere after pressing. The pressing stress can be converted from the change in the diameter of the dye sphere. At the time of evaluation, first, a detailed observation of the site emitting the dye color is performed to check whether or not the shape of the dye sphere has changed.
When the average sphere diameter increases, it can be determined that contact has occurred. Further, the magnitude of the contact stress can be estimated from the rate of change of the diameter of the dye sphere. The present example has a function as a so-called pressure-sensitive paper, and the dye sphere may be a powder and a dot-like color developing body.
Obviously, it is possible to determine the difference between the treated part and the untreated part by observing the surface at a magnification of 000 times. In addition to the above-described embodiments, fine dye spheres formed on a liquid-repellent surface using a water-soluble dye have a property that they are easily crushed in a high humidity environment. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, when the pressing member is in a dry and wet state, the amount of change in the shape of the dye sphere is different. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, a coagulation sphere of a water-soluble fine dye is formed on the surface of a flat plate, and if a member having moisture, such as a finger, comes into contact with the coagulation sphere, the ball becomes easily crushed, and is easily planarized. And a dye color can be developed. According to the present invention, unlike the conventional Auger spectroscopy, there is no need to process a sample for analysis, and it is a nondestructive inspection method. It is possible to evaluate the presence or absence of a liquid-repellent film on the treated surface.
In addition, it is possible to evaluate in a short time and at low cost whether or not the liquid-repellent surface has liquid-repellency as planned.

【図面の簡単な説明】 【図1】本発明の実施例に係る押付け応力による液滴の
乾燥状態を示す図である。 【図2】本発明の実施例に係る押付け応力と染料球径の
増加量との関係を示す図である。 【図3】本発明の実施例に係る押付け応力と染料球径の
増加量との関係を、乾燥押付け部材と含湿押付け部材と
の差を示す図である。 【符号の説明】 1…液滴 2…被検体 3…押付け力 4…部材
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a drying state of a droplet due to a pressing stress according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a pressing stress and an increase amount of a dye ball diameter according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a pressing stress and an increase amount of a dye ball diameter according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a difference between a dry pressing member and a wet pressing member. [Description of Signs] 1 ... Droplet 2 ... Subject 3 ... Pressing force 4 ... Member

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭56−92433(JP,A) 特開 平4−174342(JP,A) 特開 昭63−158164(JP,A) 特開 平8−334452(JP,A) 特開 平6−8416(JP,A) 特開 昭61−8632(JP,A) 特開 平8−50088(JP,A) 実開 平7−26751(JP,U) 実開 平1−64048(JP,U) 特公 平1−53738(JP,B2) 特公 昭57−27414(JP,B2) 特公 平4−67910(JP,B2) 特許3279133(JP,B2) 石内伝治,“トマト果実の物理的特性 に関する研究 (第6報)テクスチュア (特に粘粉性)の評価法と品種間差 異”,園芸学会雑誌(園芸学会平成2年 度秋季大会研究発表),日本,園芸学 会,1990年 9月29日,第59巻、別冊 2,p.246−247 (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) G01N 13/00 - 13/04 F02M 61/00 - 61/20 F02M 65/00 JICSTファイル(JOIS)──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-56-92433 (JP, A) JP-A-4-174342 (JP, A) JP-A-63-158164 (JP, A) JP-A 8- 334452 (JP, A) JP-A-6-8416 (JP, A) JP-A-61-8632 (JP, A) JP-A-8-50088 (JP, A) JP-A-7-26751 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 1-64048 (JP, U) Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-53738 (JP, B2) Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-27414 (JP, B2) Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-67910 (JP, B2) Patent 3279133 (JP, B2) ) Ishiuchi, M., "Study on Physical Properties of Tomato Fruit (Part 6) Evaluation Method of Texture (especially Stickiness) and Differences between Cultivars", Journal of Horticultural Sciences ), Japan, Horticultural Society, September 29, 1990, Vol. 59 , Separate volume 2, p. 246-247 (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) G01N 13/00-13/04 F02M 61/00-61/20 F02M 65/00 JICST file (JOIS)

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】 【請求項1】 撥液膜の他物質との接触の有無を判断す
る方法であって、撥液膜処理部に染料入り液滴を噴霧し
乾燥させ、応力を負荷し染料色を現出させることによっ
て判断することを特徴とする撥液処理表面の評価方法。
(57) [Claim 1] A method for judging the presence or absence of contact with another substance of a liquid-repellent film, wherein a droplet containing a dye is sprayed on a liquid-repellent film processing part, dried, and subjected to stress. The method for evaluating a liquid-repellent treated surface is characterized in that a judgment is made by applying a color and causing a dye color to appear.
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JP3279133B2 (en) 1995-07-18 2002-04-30 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Evaluation method for liquid-repellent surface
JP5727414B2 (en) 2012-05-16 2015-06-03 富士通テレコムネットワークス株式会社 Multi-channel charge / discharge test system and test method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3279133B2 (en) 1995-07-18 2002-04-30 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Evaluation method for liquid-repellent surface
JP5727414B2 (en) 2012-05-16 2015-06-03 富士通テレコムネットワークス株式会社 Multi-channel charge / discharge test system and test method

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
石内伝治,"トマト果実の物理的特性に関する研究 (第6報)テクスチュア(特に粘粉性)の評価法と品種間差異",園芸学会雑誌(園芸学会平成2年度秋季大会研究発表),日本,園芸学会,1990年 9月29日,第59巻、別冊2,p.246−247

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