JP3471933B2 - Adsorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a so-called adsorption type refrigerator which uses a solid adsorbent for absorbing and regenerating a refrigerant in an absorption refrigerator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Adsorption refrigerators are easier to handle than absorption refrigerators and have the advantage that the allowable temperature range of the heat source is wide. Recently, adsorption refrigerators are widely used for exhaust heat recovery in cogeneration. Has been done. FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of an adsorption refrigerator, which includes two heat exchangers A and B used alternately as a regenerator 1a and an adsorber 1b, a condenser 2 and an evaporator 3, and both heat exchangers. In the heat exchanger that functions as the adsorber 1b by switching the cooling water and the hot water supplied to the coils 4 in the exchangers A and B at regular intervals, the solid adsorbent 5 adsorbs the refrigerant (steam), and the regenerator 1a. In the heat exchanger that acts as a unit, the solid adsorbent 5 is made to release the refrigerant, and as shown in the figure, the regenerator 1a and the condenser 2, and the adsorber 1b and the evaporator 3 are connected to each other. By
The refrigerant vapor released from the regenerator 1a is condensed in the condenser 2, and the condensed refrigerant water is supplied to the evaporator 3 through the condensed water pipe 7. On the other hand, in the evaporator 3, since the refrigerant vapor is absorbed by the adsorber 1b and the vapor pressure is kept low, the condenser 2
Refrigerant water supplied from the evaporator evaporates on the surface of the load coil 11 and removes heat of vaporization to cool the cold water used for cooling or the like.

FIG. 2 is a piping system diagram of the adsorption refrigerator shown in FIG. 1. V1 to V4 are equivalent to valves for connecting the heat exchangers A and B to the condenser 2 and the evaporator 3, respectively. V1 to v11, which are shown schematically, are a group of valves for switching between cooling water and hot water for cooling or heating both heat exchangers A and B. FIG. 3 shows a state in which the heat exchanger A acts as a regenerator and the heat exchanger B acts as an adsorber, while FIG. 4 conversely shows the heat exchanger A as an adsorber and the heat exchanger B as a regenerator. It shows a working state. That is, in one state (FIG. 3), when the refrigerant vapor is gradually adsorbed by the solid adsorbent on the side of the adsorber and the adsorption capacity is reduced, the state is switched to the other state (FIG. 4). At this time, heat is recovered from the regenerator before the high-temperature regenerator is switched to the adsorber, and the heat is used to preheat the adsorber to improve thermal efficiency.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show a conventional heat recovery / preheating method, and the switching of flow paths is performed in the order of FIG. 3 → FIG. 5 → FIG. 4 → FIG. 6 → FIG. In the following figures, condenser 2
And the evaporator 3 is omitted. Now in FIG. 3, cooling water (thick solid line) and hot water (thick broken line) of both heat exchangers A and B.
When switching between and, as shown in FIG. 5, the supply of hot water is temporarily interrupted and a certain amount of cooling water is regenerated.
And the adsorbed heat exchanger B in this order, heat is recovered from the regenerated heat exchanger A at that time, and the adsorbed heat exchanger B is preheated by this heat. When the heat recovery / preheating cycle shown in FIG. 5 is completed, the state is switched to the state shown in FIG. 4, and the heat exchanger A having completed the heat recovery serves as an adsorber and the heat exchanger B having completed the preheating serves as a regenerator. And heating is done.
This absorption / regeneration cycle lasts, for example, about 7 minutes, and the time required for the heat recovery / preheating cycle is, for example, about 10 seconds. Further, FIG. 6 shows a heat recovery / preheating cycle when shifting from the state of FIG. 4 to the state of FIG.

[0005]

However, FIGS.
The conventional method of (1) has the following problems. For example, in FIG.
At the beginning of the heat recovery / preheating cycle of the high temperature water (about 85%) in the pipes (a → A → b) before and after the regenerated heat exchanger A,
(° C.) is accumulated (see the thick broken line in FIG. 3), and the temperature inside the heat exchanger A is also high (about 80 ° C.), so high-temperature water is sent to the heat-adsorbed heat exchanger B. In the latter part of the recovery / preheating cycle, the temperature of the heat exchanger A decreases (about 50 ° C) due to heat exchange with the passing cooling water (about 31 ° C).
Therefore, the heat of the high temperature water (85 to 70 ° C.) that has passed through the regenerated heat exchanger A in the first half cycle raises the temperature of the adsorbed heat exchanger B (initially about 35 ° C.) (about 40 to 50 ° C.).
The heat recovered from the heat exchanger A (70 to 50 ° C.) in the latter half cycle is hardly used for preheating the heat exchanger B (40 to 50 ° C.) because the temperature difference is small. Did not contribute. Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention preheats B at a relatively low temperature portion of a series of water that has passed through the regenerated heat exchanger A while the adsorption heat exchanger B is at a low temperature, and It is intended to improve the heat recovery efficiency from A to B by further heating B in a series of high temperature parts of water after the temperature rises to some extent.

[0006]

As shown in FIG. 1, an adsorption refrigerator according to the present invention has two heat exchangers A and B used alternately as a regenerator 1a and an adsorber 1b, and each heat exchanger. A, B
Is provided with a condenser 2 and an evaporator 3 that are alternately communicated with each other, and the cooling water and the hot water supplied to the coils 4 in both heat exchangers A and B are switched at regular intervals to be attached around the coils 4. the solid adsorbent 5 to adsorb refrigerant, or in the adsorption refrigerator from the solid adsorbent 5 so as to release the refrigerant, Fig. 7
As shown in (a) and (b), a flexible tank 6 is added.
The heat exchangers A and B and the flexible tank 6 with each other.
Piping and bar for connecting and switching between hot water and cooling water flow paths
Add the lube groups v1, v2, ... and turn off both heat exchangers A and B.
At the time of replacement , the flow path is switched, and the water that has passed through the regenerated heat exchanger A is once allowed to flow into the flexible tube tank 6 and then further changed.
In particular to the drained water that has flowed into the coiled tank 6 by switching the flow path in the reverse direction is passed through the adsorption has been heat exchanger B
Heat from the regenerated heat exchanger A to the adsorbed heat exchanger B.
Are as hereinbefore so as to yield, also the invention of claim 2,
Similarly, as shown in FIG. 1, a regenerator 1a and an adsorber 1b are used.
Two heat exchangers A and B used alternately and each heat exchanger A and B
A condenser 2 and an evaporator 3 that are alternately communicated with each other.
The cooling water and hot water supplied to the coils 4 in the heat exchangers A and B are
It is switched at regular time intervals, and the solid particles attached around the coil 4 are fixed.
Refrigerant is adsorbed on the body adsorbent 5 or cooled from the solid adsorbent 5.
In the adsorption type refrigerator configured to release the medium, as shown in FIG.
As shown in 1 to 12, it is common to add a flexible tank 6
In addition, the heat exchangers A and B and the flexible tank 6 are connected to each other and
Pipes and valves for switching between hot water and cooling water flow paths
Addition to switch the flow paths when switching between both heat exchangers A and B
Therefore, once the water that has passed through the regenerated heat exchanger A
Ink 6 and adsorb and regenerate 1 cycle of water
It is stored in the meandering pipe type tank 6 during the period, and when the heat exchanger is switched next time, the flow path is further switched to regenerate the heat exchanger A.
The water in the flexible tank 6 is pushed out by the water flowing in through
The heat exchanger B is allowed to flow into the adsorbed heat exchanger B.

[0007]

In FIG. 7, the serpentine tank 6 is composed of a zigzag-shaped or coil-shaped water pipe, and in order to reverse the series of water that has recovered heat while passing through the regenerated heat exchanger A, It is for temporary storage, and in the same figure (a), the valve group so that the head portion of the series of water that has recovered heat and flowed into the flexible tank 6 becomes the tail when it flows out. The channels of cooling water and hot water are switched by v1 to v15. Therefore, in the same figure (b), the adsorbed heat exchanger B first shows a series of low temperature parts of water (about 50-
After being heated by 70 ° C, the high temperature part (about 70 ~
(85 ° C.), a sufficient temperature gradient is obtained between the series of water and the heat exchanger B during the entire preheating cycle, so that the heat exchange is effectively performed. According to the configuration of claim 2, the heat recovery from the heat exchanger A and the preheating of the heat exchanger B are performed only in the cycle of FIG. 11, for example, and the process proceeds to the next adsorption / regeneration cycle. The water flowing into the flexible pipe tank 6 in the heat recovery / preheating cycle 11 is pushed out by the water recovered in the regenerated heat exchanger B in the next heat recovery / preheating cycle (FIG. 12), so The temperature drop in the tank 6 is reduced and the heat recovery efficiency is improved as compared with the case of the conventional example (FIGS. 5 to 6) and the above-described example (FIG. 7) in which the water is pushed out by the cooling water.

[0008]

EXAMPLE The structure of the main body of the adsorption refrigerator according to the present invention is exactly the same as that of the conventional example shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, and two adsorbent type heats used alternately as the regenerator 1a and the adsorber 1b. It is composed of exchangers A and B, a condenser 2 and an evaporator 3. Further, as shown in FIG. 7 (a), a group of valves v1 to v15 for switching between hot water and cooling water, a serpentine tank 6 and each part. A pipe is added to connect the two to each other. Cooling water circulated and supplied from a cooling tower and hot water discharged from a cogeneration system or the like are supplied to the coils 4 in the heat exchangers A and B. The cooling water and the hot water are supplied to the valve groups v1 to v15. By switching between the heat exchangers A and B at regular intervals (about 7 minutes), the solid adsorbent 5 is supplied with the refrigerant in the absorption side heat exchanger B cooled by cooling water, for example, as shown in FIG. The regeneration side heat exchanger A, which is adsorbed and heated with warm water, is designed to release the refrigerant from the solid adsorbent, and after switching, the roles of both heat exchangers A and B are reversed as shown in FIG. It is supposed to do.

At the time of switching from the state of FIG. 3 to the state of FIG. 4, a certain amount of cooling water is regenerated before the switching between the cooling water and the hot water between the heat exchangers A and B. Bowl A
The heat is recovered from the regenerated heat exchanger A by passing the heat to the adsorbed heat exchanger B in this order, and the adsorbed heat exchanger B is preheated by the heat, which is a feature of the present invention. However, as shown in FIG. 7 (a), a certain amount of water, which has passed through the regenerated heat exchanger A and has been subjected to heat recovery, is once allowed to flow into the flexible pipe tank 6, and then, shown in FIG. 7 (b). As shown in (3), the heat is discharged in the opposite direction and passed through the adsorbed heat exchanger B to preheat the heat exchanger B.

In this embodiment, switching of the flow paths of the cooling water and the hot water is carried out by referring to FIG. 3 → FIG. 7 (a) → FIG. 7 (b) → FIG.
→ FIG. 8A → FIG. 8B → FIG. Of these, FIGS. 3 and 4 are absorption / regeneration cycles in which the refrigerating machine body is actually exhibiting the refrigerating capacity, each of which continues for about 7 minutes until the absorbing capacity decreases due to saturation of the adsorbent. Reference numeral 8 is a heat recovery cycle and a preheating cycle for reducing the temperature difference between the adsorber and the regenerator to reduce the temperature difference between them and improve the thermal efficiency.
It will be completed in about a second. At this time, the role of the tank 6, which is a feature of the present invention, is that when a part of the heat of the regenerated heat exchanger is transferred to the adsorbed heat exchanger, a series of water, which is the heat medium, is reversed in the middle of the transfer. The adsorbed heat exchanger B is first heated (about 35 ° C. to about 50 ° C.) by a series of low temperature parts (about 50 to 70 ° C.) of water that retains the recovered heat.
C.) and then heated (from about 50.degree. C. to about 60.degree. C.) by the hot part (about 70.degree.-85.degree. C.) so that there is a series of water and heat exchanger B between the entire series of preheating cycles. A sufficient temperature gradient is always obtained, and heat exchange is effectively performed.

FIGS. 9 to 10 show another embodiment of the present invention. Switching of the flow paths of the cooling water and the hot water is performed as shown in FIG. 3 → FIG. 9 (a) → FIG. 9 (b) → FIG. 4 → Fig. 10 (a) → Fig. 10
(B) → It is performed as shown in FIG. In the above-described embodiment, as can be seen by comparing FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the direction in which the high temperature water flows into the tank 6 is alternately reversed, so that, for example, FIG.
In the cycle of, the left end of the tank 6 is on the high temperature side, but in the next cycle, in FIG. 8, the right end of the tank 6 is on the high temperature side, and thus a large amount of heat is required to heat the tank itself. was there. On the other hand, in this embodiment, by increasing the number of valves v16 to v19 by four, the inflow and outflow directions to and from the tank can be made the same in both cycles of FIG. 9 and FIG. Although it is cooled each time by the cooling water (for example, around 10 ° C.), it is possible to maintain a certain level difference such as a high temperature side of 65 to 70 ° C. and a low temperature side of 35 to 40 ° C. Temperature of water head (about 85 ℃)
Can be prevented and the heat recovery efficiency can be improved.

In the description of the operation of both the above-mentioned embodiments, for simplification of description, the cooling water is sent only to the regenerated heat exchanger A in the heat recovery cycle, and only to the adsorbed heat exchanger B in the preheating cycle. However, actually, through both the heat recovery and preheating cycles, cooling water is also sent to the other heat exchanger to continue the adsorbing action and interfere with the production of cold water in the evaporator 3. I try not to come. That is, in the heat recovery cycle of FIG.
The cooling water branches from the point a, passes through the adsorbed heat exchanger B in the path indicated by the arrow, and then joins at the point b, thereby allowing the heat exchanger B to continue the adsorbing action and preheating in FIG. 7 (b). In the cycle, the cooling water branches from the point c, passes through the regenerated heat exchanger A in the path indicated by the arrow, and then joins at the point d, thereby causing the heat exchanger A to start the adsorption action. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the adsorption capacity from being lowered even for several seconds, and affecting the cold water temperature in the evaporator 3. In the present invention, the term "adsorbed heat exchanger" refers to "a heat exchanger that shifts from adsorption to regeneration".
It does not necessarily mean that the heat exchanger has stopped its adsorption action.

FIGS. 11 to 12 show still another embodiment of the present invention, in which the flow paths of the cooling water and the hot water are switched as shown in FIG.
→ FIG. 11 → FIG. 4 → FIG. 12 → FIG. In both of the above-described embodiments (FIGS. 7 to 10), when a series of water temporarily stored in the tank 6 while retaining the recovered heat is turned and discharged, it is pushed out by cooling water of low temperature (31 ° C.). Therefore, a part of the amount of heat was consumed to warm the tank 6 each time. Therefore, in this embodiment, the water that has flowed into the flexible tank 6 through the heat exchanger A that has been regenerated last time is adsorbed by 1
Water that has been stored during the regeneration cycle and that flows in through the other heat exchanger B, ie the heat exchanger B that has been regenerated this time,
It was designed to push out the water that was stored last time and let it flow out. With this configuration, during the heat recovery / preheating cycle, the tank 6 is sandwiched between the heat exchangers A and B in the cooling water path, so that the tank 6 is cooled at a low temperature (31 ° C.). At the same time as the water in the tank 6 is pushed out without entering water, the temperature of the water flowing into the tank 6 is always as high as 50 to 85 ° C., so that the thermal efficiency can be further improved. Since the heat recovery and the preheating can be performed at the same time, the time required for the heat recovery / preheating cycle can be shortened as compared with the above-mentioned both embodiments. In fact, with this method, the COP (coefficient of performance) at the time of taking out at 9 ° C is 0.7, which is equivalent to that of the absorption method (conventionally, 0.
6) can be achieved, and even if taken out at 3 ° C, CO
P = 0.6 was realized.

[0014]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the series of water that has recovered heat from the regenerated heat exchanger and has flowed into the serpentine tank flows out with the first entered portion being the last portion.
The adsorbed heat exchanger will be first heated by a series of cold parts of water and then by the hot parts, thus increasing the temperature of the adsorbed heat exchanger during the entire heat recovery and preheating cycle. There is an advantage that a sufficient temperature difference is obtained between the water and the series of water, and the heat exchange is effectively performed. Further, according to the invention of claim 2, the series of water once received in the tank is stored until the next cycle, and the stored portion is pushed out by the series of water recovered in the next cycle. Since it is replaced with water, there is an advantage that the temperature of the tank does not decrease and the thermal efficiency can be further improved, as compared with the method of pushing the water in the tank with low-temperature cooling water.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view common to a conventional example and the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a piping system diagram of the above.

FIG. 3 is a system diagram showing the operation of the first adsorption regeneration cycle of the above.

FIG. 4 is a system diagram showing the operation of the second adsorption regeneration cycle of the above.

FIG. 5 is a system diagram showing an operation of a first heat recovery / preheating cycle in a conventional example.

FIG. 6 is a system diagram showing the operation of the second heat recovery / preheating cycle of the above.

FIG. 7 shows a first heat recovery / preheating cycle according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a heat recovery cycle and (b) is a system diagram showing the operation of the preheating cycle.

FIG. 8 shows the second heat recovery / preheating cycle of the above, wherein (a) is a heat recovery cycle and (b) is a system diagram showing the operation of the preheating cycle.

FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the present invention, and (a) and (b) are system diagrams showing the operations of the first heat recovery cycle and the preheating cycle, respectively.

10 (a) and 10 (b) are system diagrams showing the operations of the second heat recovery cycle and preheating cycle in the same as above.

FIG. 11 is a system diagram showing the operation of the first heat recovery / preheating cycle in yet another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a system diagram showing an operation of a second heat recovery / preheating cycle in the above.

[Explanation of symbols]

1a regenerator 1b Adsorber 2 condenser 3 evaporator 4 coils 5 Solid adsorbent 6 serpentine tank A, B heat exchanger V1 to V4 valves v1 to v19 valves

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Nao Nagashima 4-1-2, Hirano-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka City Osaka Osaka Gas Co., Ltd. (72) Satoshi Ibe 4-1-2, Hirano-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka No.Osaka Gas Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yasuo Yonezawa 1-15-10 Himesato, Nishiyodogawa-ku, Osaka City Nishi-Yodo Air Conditioner Co., Ltd. (72) Hiroki Nakano 1-15-10 Himesato, Nishiyodogawa-ku, Osaka Nishi-Yodo Air Conditioner Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toshiya Onishi 1-15-10 Himesato, Nishi-Yodogawa-ku, Osaka City Nishi-Yodo Air Conditioner Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-2-230069 (JP, A) Sho 63-183353 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F25B 17/08

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. Two used alternately as a regenerator and an adsorber
Two heat exchangers, and a condenser and an evaporator that are alternately communicated with each heat exchanger, and switch the cooling water and hot water supplied to the coils in both heat exchangers at regular intervals. In a adsorption type refrigerator in which a solid adsorbent adhering to the periphery of a coil is made to adsorb a refrigerant, or a refrigerant is released from the solid adsorbent, in a flexible pipe tank, both heat exchangers and the flexible pipe tank.
Mutually interconnecting each other and switching between hot water and cooling water flow paths
When switching between both heat exchangers by adding piping and valve groups
After switching the flow path, the water that has passed through the regenerated heat exchanger is once allowed to flow into the flexible tank, and then the flow path is switched.
Coiled By the inflow water to flow out in the reverse direction is passed through the adsorption has been heat exchanger in the tank, regenerated heat exchanger Te
To recover the heat from the
Characteristic adsorption refrigerator. 2. A device used alternately as a regenerator and an adsorber.
Two heat exchangers and the coagulators that are in communication with each heat exchanger alternately.
Equipped with a compressor and an evaporator to supply to the coils in both heat exchangers.
Switch the cooling water and hot water at regular intervals to
Refrigerant is adsorbed to the solid adsorbent attached to the
For adsorption type refrigerators that release the refrigerant from the adsorbent
In addition, the flexible pipe tank, both heat exchangers and the flexible pipe tank
Mutually interconnecting each other and switching between hot water and cooling water flow paths
When switching between both heat exchangers by adding piping and valve groups
By switching the flow path, the water that has passed through the regenerated heat exchanger is
It is adsorbed and regenerated by inflowing water into a tandem tube tank.
It is stored in a flexible tank during the cycle, and when the heat exchanger is switched next time, the flow path is further switched and the water in the flexible tank is pushed out by the water flowing through the regenerated heat exchanger. <br /> The special feature is that it is made to flow into the heat exchanger after adsorption.
Adsorption refrigerator and butterflies.