JP3508635B2 - Doors and buildings - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a door, and more particularly to a door that prevents dew condensation. The present invention also relates to a building having this door.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a Japanese house, a building with good humidity control and dewproof property has been realized by a wooden earth wall construction.
In recent years, airtightness of buildings has been advanced, and as a result,
Condensation was more likely to occur on walls and doors.

In order to prevent dew condensation on the door, a heat insulating material may be filled inside the door and the building (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-146390).

[0004]

Condensation cannot be reliably prevented even if a heat insulating material is provided in the door. In particular, when the outer skin of the door is made of a steel plate or an aluminum plate, these serve as a heat bridge and the temperature of the interior surface of the door is lowered, so that dew condensation is likely to occur.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above conventional problems and provide a door and a building in which dew condensation is surely prevented. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a door and a building that are provided with a humidity control building material whose surface is glazed to enhance the design and have improved stain resistance.

[0006]

The door of the present invention (Claim 1) is provided with a humidity-controlling building material on at least a part of the indoor surface.
A door, wherein the humidity control building material is a fired humidity control building material.
With the humidity control building material, the surface of the body
Yes, the humidity control building material is 10 to 90 of the surface of the humidity control building material body.
The glass layer formed by the glaze is formed in the area area of
It is characterized by being a controlled humidity building material .
The door of the present invention (Claim 2) is at least the surface on the indoor side.
A door provided with a humidity control building material in a part thereof, wherein the humidity control building material is
It is a baked humidity control building material, and glaze is applied to the surface of the humidity control building material body.
A humidity-controlled building material to which a drug has been applied.
The maximum thickness of the glass layer generated by the above is 300 μm or less.
It is characterized by being a humidity control building material.

By providing the humidity control building material in this way,
Condensation on the door surface is reliably prevented.

A building of the present invention is a building having the door of the present invention , characterized in that a humidity control building material having the same appearance as the humidity control building material of the door is attached to an indoor wall around the door. It is a thing.

In this building, the action of the humidity control building material prevents dew condensation on the door and the surrounding wall. In addition, the door and its surroundings can be unified in design.

[0010] moisture control construction material used in the present invention is a calcined moisture control construction material, in which the glaze is applied to the surface of the moisture control construction material body. Since the surface of the moisture-conditioning building material is glazed, it is possible to add various decorations with a glaze and to broaden the range of designs.

Further, since the glazed surface is hard to get dirt such as hand dust and can be easily removed even if it gets dirty, the surface can be kept clean.

By glazeing the surface of the humidity-controlling building material body, the surface of the humidity-controlling building material body is covered with a glass layer by the glaze, and the moisture absorption and desorption rate is slightly slowed, but the moisture absorption and desorption capacity is almost changed. The function as a humidity control building material is not significantly impaired.

This glaze is such that the glass layer formed by the glaze is formed in an area region of 10 to 90 % of the surface of the humidity control building material main body, or the maximum thickness of the glass layer is 3 %.
Since dividing line to become less 00Myuemu, building materials humidifying after glazing preferably has a 80% or more humidity performance of building materials body humidifying before glazing.

The humidity-controlling building material used in the present invention preferably has a moisture absorption / release performance in an 8-hour cycle of 80 g / m ² or more. That is, in a house, it is necessary to cope with short-term fluctuations such as humidity generation due to cooking, bathing, heating, etc. and humidity fluctuations due to daily level temperature fluctuations. For this purpose, it is necessary that the moisture absorption and desorption rate is high. This requirement is satisfied by setting the moisture absorbing / releasing performance in the 8-hour cycle to 80 g / m ² or more (140 g / m ² or more in the moisture absorbing / releasing performance in the 24-hour cycle). The moisture absorptive and desorptive performance of this 8-hour cycle is determined as follows. A test piece whose weight is constant (variation of 0.1% or less) in a thermo-hygrostat kept at 50% relative humidity is immediately placed in another thermo-hygrostat kept at 90% relative humidity for 8 hours. Later weight increase (moisture absorption (g))
The value obtained by converting per unit area (1 m ² ) is taken as the moisture absorption amount for 8 hours. In addition, a test body whose weight is constant (variation of 0.1% or less) in a constant temperature and humidity chamber maintained at a relative humidity of 90% is quickly placed in another constant temperature and humidity chamber maintained at a relative humidity of 50%. The value obtained by converting the weight loss after 8 hours (moisture release amount (g)) per unit area (1 m ² ) is taken as the 8-hour moisture release amount.
Then, it is calculated by the following formula. Moisture absorption / desorption performance of 8 hours cycle = (8 hours moisture absorption + 8 hours moisture absorption) / 2

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. FIG. 1 is a perspective view from the indoor side of a door and a building according to an embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG.

A door frame 3 is installed on the wall 4 of the building, and the door 1 is rotatably attached to the door frame 3 by a hinge (not shown).

The door 1 includes a door body 5 in which a heat insulating material 5c is interposed between the panels 5a and 5b, and the door body 5
And the humidity-conditioning building material 2 adhered to the indoor surface thereof by an adhesive or the like. This humidity control building material 2 has 10 to 50 sides.
Although it is a rectangular plate-shaped member having a size of about cm, and the adjacent humidity-control building materials 2 are butted against each other without a gap, joints may be provided. A close-up 6 on the inner edge of the door body 5
However, the humidity control building material 2 may be distributed up to the edge of the door body 5 by omitting the parting line 6.

This door 1 is also attached to the wall 4 around the door 1.
The humidity-controlling building material 2 having the same material, size and appearance as that of the humidity-controlling building material 2 is attached by an adhesive or the like to achieve a unified design.

By providing the humidity control building material 2 in this manner, dew condensation on the indoor side surfaces of the door 1 and the wall 4 can be reliably prevented. That is, the humidity of the entire room is prevented from becoming excessively high, and the humidity in the atmosphere near the surface of the humidity control building material of the door or the wall is prevented from being oversaturated, so that dew condensation is surely prevented.

The moisture control construction material used in the present invention, that have a moisture control construction material body and the glaze layer on the surface thereof. This humidity control building material body,
Since the humidity-controlled building material is manufactured by firing, the body of the humidity-controlled building material before glazing may be fired or unfired.

The humidity control building material obtained by firing is, for example,
Kanuma soil, Osawa soil and colloidal soil, aquatic soil, miso soil, various volcanic pumice layers, diatomaceous earth, acid clay, activated clay, zeolite, halloysite, sepiolite, etc. Or silica stone, porcelain stone, wax stone, feldspar, and other glassy components are mixed in the following mixing ratios and chemical compositions, and extrusion molding or press molding is performed, and the obtained molded product is fired.

<Blending ratio (parts by weight)> Humidity-controlling raw material such as Kanuma soil: 100 Clay: 100-1000 Vitreous component: 0-500 The humidity-controlling building material used in the present invention is a molded article thus obtained. It can be produced by firing after glazing, or by unglazing the molded body and then glazing and then firing.

A groove (back foot) may be formed on the back surface of the humidity control building material. When the humidity control building material having grooves on the back surface is applied to the wall surface or the like, a ventilation path is secured between the front surface or wall surface of the door body and the back surface of the humidity control building material, and the humidity control function is enhanced.

It is particularly preferable that the humidity-conditioning building material used in the present invention keeps the original humidity-conditioning performance of the humidity-conditioning building material body high even after glazed on the surface of such a humidity-conditioning building material body. It is desired that the humidity-conditioning building material has a humidity-controlling performance of 80% or more of that of the main body of the humidity-conditioning building material before glazing. Further, the humidity-conditioning building material of the present invention preferably has a moisture absorption / desorption performance of 80 g / m ² or more in an 8-hour cycle.

As described above, it is important to control the glazed area and the glazed thickness in order to carry out the glaze while keeping the humidity control performance high. It is preferable to carry out so as to satisfy at least one of the above conditions. Glazing can be done by spraying, curtaining, printing, etc., regardless of method.

(1) The glass layer produced by the glaze is
The area area (hereinafter referred to as "glazing area ratio") occupying the surface of the main body of the humidity-controlled building material is 10 to 90 %. (2) The maximum thickness of the glass layer formed by the glaze (hereinafter simply referred to as “maximum thickness”) is 300 μm or less.

When the above-mentioned glazed area ratio exceeds 90%, the humidity control performance is remarkably deteriorated and the humidity control performance as the humidity control construction material is impaired. However, if the glazed area ratio is less than 10%, the glazed surface is too small and the effect of improving decoration and stain resistance cannot be sufficiently obtained. Thus, glazed area ratio is 10-90%, preferred
Properly is shall be the 30% to 85%.

The glazed area ratio can be examined by an ink wiping test or the like, as will be described later in the section of Examples.

Thus, the glazed area ratio is 10 to 90 %.
In that case, the maximum thickness is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 500 μm or less.

If the maximum thickness exceeds 300 μm,
When the glazed area ratio exceeds 90%, the humidity control performance is largely deteriorated, so that the maximum thickness is preferably 300 μm or less. However, if this maximum thickness is too thin, the effect of decoration and stain resistance improvement due to glaze cannot be sufficiently obtained. This maximum thickness is 10 to 100 μm when the glazed area ratio is 95 to 100%, and 20 to 2 when it is 90 to 95%.
The thickness is preferably 00 μm.

The reason why the humidity control performance can be kept high even if the entire surface of the humidity control building material body is glazed by making the glass layer thin in this way is that when a thin glass layer is formed, it occurs due to defects in the base material or the firing process. It is considered that this is because minute holes having water vapor permeability that penetrates to the humidity control building material body are likely to be generated in the glass layer due to the gas that is generated.

To apply the above-mentioned glaze area ratio and / or the maximum thickness, the glaze method, the amount of glaze used for the glaze, the specific gravity of the glaze, etc. may be appropriately adjusted.

For example, when the glaze is applied by a usual spray method or the like, the glaze area ratio can be suppressed to 90% or less by reducing the amount of glaze per unit area. Also,
Even in the case of whole surface glazing by the curtain method, the maximum thickness can be reduced by reducing the amount of glazing per unit area.

To apply this glaze, naturally, a frit is required according to the firing conditions, but in the rapid firing by the roller hearth kiln, the frit has a softening point of 1 or more than the firing temperature.
It is sufficient to select a material having a low melt temperature of 00 to 400 ° C. and an appropriate melt viscosity. If this viscosity is too low, the glass formed by glaze fills the fine pores of the main body of the humidity-controlling material exhibiting the humidity-controlling effect, and the humidity-controlling performance is greatly impaired.

Therefore, in order not to impair the humidity control performance,
The amount of glaze and the melt viscosity of the glaze (softening point of the frit) are adjusted appropriately.

In addition, there is also a method of adopting a decorative glaze method capable of performing partial glaze such as spot-like, line-like, or grid-like instead of the whole-surface glaze. For example, the printing method adheres to the humidity control building material body. Since the glaze is made to have a certain interval by the mesh, the area ratio of the glaze can be reduced. In addition, in the centrifugal method, the glaze becomes larger spots than other glaze methods and the glaze adheres, so it is possible to reduce the glaze area as well, which is effective in maintaining the humidity control performance, and at the same time, patterning by the glaze is applied. Therefore, the designability can be improved.

The glaze used for glazing may be simply a slurry having a specific gravity of about 1.01 to 1.90 obtained by mixing frit and water, and clay or a pigment may be further added to the glaze. By incorporating the pigment, the designability can be further enhanced.

In the present invention, in order to prevent the diffusion of moisture to the door body 5 and the wall 4 (for example, the base layer), a water repellent such as a silicone emulsion is roll-coated or sprayed on the back surface of the humidity control building material. It may be attached by means such as.

[0039]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples below.

Examples 1 and 2 A molding raw material having the following composition was finely ground with a mill, spray-granulated, and then press-molded with a press mold to 300 mm.
A molded body having a size of × 300 mm × 6 mm was manufactured.

<Forming raw material mixture (parts by weight)> Kanuma soil: 20 Clay: 60 Glass: 20 The obtained molded product was mixed with an alkali aluminoborosilicate frit (softening point of about 570 ° C.) and water. (Specific gravity 1.20 g / cm ³ ) was glazed with a spray gun at the amount of glaze per unit area (1 m ² ) shown in Table 1 and baked at 800 ° C. in a roller hearth kiln.

The building shown in FIG. 1 was constructed by adhering the humidity control building material composed of the obtained fired body to the door and the wall with an acrylic adhesive. The doors and walls of this building are 6 from January to June
No condensation was seen over the months. In addition, about this humidity control building material, the glazed area ratio, the maximum thickness, the humidity control performance and the moisture absorptive and desorptive performance of an 8-hour cycle were examined by the following method,
The results are shown in Table 1.

<Glazed Area Ratio> The ratio of the area where the ink was removed by applying a water-based ink on the surface and quickly wiping with a cloth soaked in water was determined by microscopic observation, image processing and the like. <Maximum thickness> It was determined by observing the fracture surface under a microscope. <Humidity control performance> Another constant temperature / humidity chamber in which the weight of the test body is kept constant (variation of 0.1% or less) in a constant temperature / humidity chamber kept at 50% relative humidity, and the relative humidity is quickly kept at 90% relative humidity. Put inside, increase the weight after 8 hours (moisture absorption amount) per unit area (1 m ² )
It was determined around the above, and the percentage of the value obtained in the same manner for the fired body obtained by firing the glaze-free molded body in the same manner was shown.

<Moisture Absorption / Desorption Performance in 8-Hour Cycle> As described above, the moisture absorption / desorption amount per 8 hours between relative humidity of 50% and 90% is converted into a unit area (1 m ² ).

Examples 3 and 4 In Example 1, instead of the alkali aluminoborosilicate type frit, an alkali silicic acid type frit (softening point 70) was used.
0 ° C.) was used, and the humidity-conditioning building material made of a fired body was bonded to the door and the wall with an acrylic adhesive in the same manner except that the amount of glaze shown in Table 1 was applied to construct the building of FIG. No condensation was found on the doors and walls of the building over the six months from January to June. The moisture-conditioned building material was examined for glazed area ratio, maximum thickness, humidity control performance, and moisture absorption / release performance in an 8-hour cycle, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0046]

[Table 1]

As shown in Table 1, each humidity-controlling building material has a humidity-controlling performance of 80% or more of the non-glazing material, and an 8-hour cycle moisture-absorption / release performance of 80 g / m ² or more.

Examples 5, 6 After the molded body obtained in Example 1 was bisqued at 750 ° C.,
A unit area shown in Table 2 (1m area) (1m area) with a soda lime glass (softening point about 680 ° C), clay and water mixed and finely ground ² ) Glazed by the amount of glaze per. The building shown in FIG. 1 was constructed by adhering a humidity control building material consisting of a fired body that was main-fired at 850 ° C. using a roller hearth kiln to the door and the wall with an acrylic adhesive. No condensation was found on the doors and walls of the building over the six months from January to June. With respect to this humidity-controlled building material, the maximum thickness, the humidity-controlling performance, and the moisture absorbing / releasing performance in an 8-hour cycle were examined in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0049]

[Table 2]

As shown in Table 2, each of the humidity control building materials has a humidity control performance of 80% or more of that of the non-glazing material, and a moisture absorption / release performance of 8 hours cycle of 8.
It is 0 g / m ² or more.

Example 7 A glaze slurry (specific gravity: 1.60) was prepared by mixing an alkaline aluminoborosilicate frit (softening point of about 670 ° C.), clay, pigment and water into the molded body obtained in Example 1 and polishing the mixture. ( ⁴ ) was glazed (decorated) with a glaze amount per unit area (1 m ² ) shown in Table 3 by printing using a mesh screen having an aperture ratio of 50%, and then baked at 900 ° C. in a roller hearth kiln. The building of FIG. 1 was constructed by adhering the humidity control building material made of the obtained fired body to the door and the wall with an acrylic adhesive. No condensation was found on the doors and walls of the building over the six months from January to June. For this humidity control construction material, the glazed area ratio,
The maximum thickness, the humidity control performance, and the moisture absorption / release performance in an 8-hour cycle were examined, and the results are shown in Table 3.

Example 8 In Example 7, an alkali aluminoborosilicate frit (softening point of about 620 ° C.) was used in place of the alkali aluminoborosilicate frit, and the glaze was applied by centrifugal glazing using a drum. A fired body was obtained in the same manner except that the amount of glaze shown in Table 3 was applied by (decoration). The building shown in FIG. 1 was constructed by adhering the humidity control building material composed of this fired body to the door and the wall with an acrylic adhesive. No condensation was found on the doors and walls of the building over the six months from January to June. Similar to Example 1, this glazed building material was examined for glazed area ratio, maximum thickness, humidity control performance and moisture absorption / release performance in an 8-hour cycle, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0053]

[Table 3]

As shown in Table 3, each humidity control building material is 8
It has a humidity control building material of 0% or more and has a moisture absorption / release performance of 80 g / m ² or more in an 8-hour cycle.

[0055]

As described in detail above, according to the door and the building of the present invention, it is possible to reliably prevent dew condensation on the indoor surface. Further , since the surface of the humidity-conditioning building material is glazed , a door and a building having improved designability and improved stain resistance are provided.

In the building of the present invention, the door and the surrounding walls have the same design, and are excellent not only in dew condensation prevention characteristics but also in aesthetics.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a door and an interior of a building according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a portion taken along the line II-II in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 door 2 humidity control building materials 3 door frames 4 walls 5 door body 6 close-up

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (56) Reference JP-A-10-68273 (JP, A) JP-A-58-143083 (JP, A) JP-A-1-113237 (JP, A) JP-A-11- 315586 (JP, A) (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E06B 3/68-3/88 E04B 1/64

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A door provided with a humidity control building material on at least a part of an interior surface thereof, wherein the humidity control building material is a fired humidity control building material.
A humidity control building material in which a glaze is applied to the surface of the main body, and the humidity control building material is a surface of 10 to 90% of the surface of the main body of the humidity control building material.
A glass layer formed by glaze is formed in the stack area.
A door characterized by being a humidity control building material . 2. A humidity control building material on at least a part of the surface on the indoor side.
And a humidity control building material , the humidity control building material being a fired humidity control building material,
A door, characterized in that it is a humidity control building material in which the surface of the main body is coated with a glaze, and the humidity control building material is a humidity control building material in which the maximum thickness of the glass layer produced by the glaze is 300 μm or less. 3. The humidity control building material according to claim 1 or 2,
Moisture absorption and desorption performance of 8 hours cycle is 80 g / m ² or more
A door characterized by that. 4. The odor according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
The humidity-controlled building material after glazed is 80% of the humidity-controlled building material body before glazed.
A door characterized by having a humidity control performance of not less than%. 5. A building having a door according to claim 1, wherein a humidity control building material having the same appearance as the humidity control building material of the door is attached to an indoor wall around the door. Characteristic building.