JP3515015B2 - Humidity environment maintenance device for protection of structural materials under the floor of a building - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for protecting a structural material under a floor of a building, which is used to improve the durability of the building and maintain a good living environment of the building. The present invention relates to a humidity environment maintaining device. 2. Description of the Related Art Under the floor of a building, for example, an underfloor ventilation port (ventilation) for ventilation is provided in a cloth foundation or a tether to provide ventilation between the underfloor space and the outside air. It is supposed that the outside air is introduced and the humidity environment under the floor is changed according to the outside air environment by securing airflow. However, by installing the underfloor ventilation holes, the high humidity outside air flows into the underfloor space. The underfloor space should be absorbed by the underfloor structural material and causing dew on the other hand, but even if dry outside air flows in, it takes a considerable amount of time to evaporate the absorbed and dewed water. Generally, it is often left in a high-humidity state, which causes factors such as decay fungi of wood-based structural materials, propagation and damage of termites, and corrosion of steel structural materials due to rusting. For example, in a wooden house, termites are often exterminated by spraying an organophosphorus insecticide, but it is effective for protecting structural materials from termites and destroying the growth environment of mites, molds and the like. Inevitably, the insecticide volatilizes indoors through the floor, causing a health hazard and deteriorating the living environment. In addition, it does not eliminate the high humidity condition of the underfloor space. The need for repeated spraying causes environmental problems and cannot be applied effectively to non-wood structural materials. Therefore, it is not appropriate to protect structural materials in underfloor space from these materials. However, various problems remain in ensuring the durability of the building and maintaining the living environment. [0004] For example, when measured in the Tokyo metropolitan area,
The relative humidity of the underfloor space in the wooden framed house having the underfloor ventilation opening from the rainy season of June to September is about 95% at the maximum, about 45% at the minimum, and about 85% on the average. It has been confirmed that the state where the relative humidity is much higher than the average humidity of 75%
%, It becomes a favorable breeding environment for wood-rotting fungi, and termites easily proliferate on wood corroded by the decay fungi. If it exceeds about 75%, it becomes a favorable breeding environment for mites and molds. Unless the high-humidity condition of the underfloor space is solved, it is not easy to secure the durability of the above building and maintain a good living environment. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the humidity environment in the underfloor space to satisfy these requirements. [0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a problem to be solved is to improve the humidity environment in the underfloor space and destroy the growth or propagation environment of rot fungi, termites, mites, molds, and the like. Another object of the present invention is to provide a humidity environment maintaining apparatus for protecting a structural material under the floor of a building, which protects structural materials, improves the durability of the building, and maintains the living environment in a good condition. [0006] In accordance with the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an air-permeable space for shielding the underfloor space from the outside air so as to prevent the introduction of the high-humidity outside air and the dry outside air. In this way, the effect of the outside air can be eliminated by making the underfloor space independent of the outside air but as a single highly airtight underfloor sealed space that communicates inside with the inside as a whole. Small or minute residual voids (for example, the gap between the cloth foundation and the base) and moisture absorption or permeability of the building material (for example, the moisture absorption of concrete) which cannot be avoided even if it is used as a closed space under the floor. A humid condition, which may be caused by the possibility of intrusion of humid and outside air or the inflow of indoor high humidity air through the floor, is installed in the underfloor sealed space to eliminate detection defects caused by air stagnation in the underfloor sealed space. As described above, a humidity sensor using a nylon ribbon that detects humidity in the state of air flow automatically and intermittently operates in a peak-cut manner during a period of deterioration of the humidity environment so that dehumidification can be completed in the space under the sealed floor. hand,
Its efficiency reduces running costs as much as possible and makes management as unnecessary as possible.
To maintain the growth or breeding environment of mites and molds so that they can be destroyed at the same time, to protect the structural materials by the above-mentioned wood and steel frame, to improve the durability of the building and thereby to maintain the good living environment. That is, the present invention relates to a concrete cloth provided with a moisture-proof coating film or a moisture-proof member on the entire surface of the outdoor side and / or the indoor side without installing an opening such as an underfloor vent. Inner communication Single high airtight underfloor seal formed by connecting the inside and outside of the building upright, such as foundations, connecting bars, etc., by sealing the raised surface of the ground surface, etc., according to the outer shape of the building, so that it is independent of the outside air and communicates the inside as a whole. Intermittent operation for maintaining the humidity environment below a predetermined relative humidity by installing in the space and the inside communicating single high airtight underfloor sealed space and completely dehumidifying the underfloor sealed space in the underfloor sealed space. An electric dehumidifier and the electric dehumidifier A humidity sensor using a nylon ribbon installed in the underfloor sealed space for automatically operating the device intermittently; a drainage means for discharging the dehumidified water dehumidified by the electric dehumidifier outside the underfloor sealed space; An exhaust duct for performing suction and discharge of air, wherein the humidity sensor is installed in the exhaust duct or in the vicinity of the suction port to perform the humidity detection in a flowing state of air at a speed of 1 m or more and 2 m or less per second, and The automatic intermittent operation of the electric dehumidifier based on the humidity detection is performed as an over-peak cut-off operation in which the humidity is in the vicinity of 70% or less during the period of deterioration of the humidity environment, and the relative humidity environment of the underfloor sealed space is maintained at or below 70%. Wood rot fungi, termites, mites,
A humid environment maintaining device for protecting a structural material under the floor of a building characterized by protecting a timber or steel structural material in the sealed space under the floor by simultaneously destroying the growth or propagation environment of mold and the like, The gist of the invention is to solve the above problems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of a building according to the present invention.
On the outer surface of the building structural material 2 such as columns, studs, etc.
A closed-cell synthetic resin foam panel, for example, a polystyrene foam panel 4 is firmly fixed by pressure-bonding, and an exterior material 5 is installed outside the panel to form the wall surface 3 and an interior material 6 is applied inside the building structural material 2. As a result, it is a woody house with high airtightness and high heat insulation employing an external heat insulation structure. Reference numeral 10 denotes an underfloor space, and the underfloor space 10 is configured such that a ground surface rising surface 11 made of a cloth foundation is continuously and continuously independent of outside air without installing an opening such as an underfloor ventilation port, and the inside as a whole. The inside communication is formed as a single highly airtight underfloor sealed space. That is, in this example, the ground surface rising surface 11 is formed on the outer shape of the building 1 by using a concrete-based cloth foundation and enclosing and sealing the outer periphery of a concrete floor in which concrete is poured along with the inner ground surface. In addition, the outer periphery is demarcated so as to form a single sealed underfloor space 10 in which the inside communicates as a whole, and it is configured to be continuously surrounded and sealed. The ground rising surface 11 is provided with a moisture-proof member by adhering it to the indoor surface as much as possible, so that the sealed under-floor space 10 is highly airtight. In the same manner as described above, the insulation is also provided by closed-cell foamed synthetic resin, particularly polystyrene foam panel 13, so that, for example, rainwater can pass through the fabric base due to the moisture absorption of the concrete-based fabric base. Thus, moisture is not released into the sealed underfloor space 10, and the high airtightness described above is ensured and the heat insulation of the ground standing surface 11 by the cloth foundation is ensured. Reference numeral 20 denotes an electric dehumidifier. The electric dehumidifier 20 is installed in the inner communicating single airtight underfloor sealed space 10 to completely dehumidify the underfloor sealed space in the underfloor sealed space. The operation is performed intermittently to maintain the humidity environment below a predetermined relative humidity. That is, in this embodiment, the electric dehumidifier 20 for maintaining the humidity environment detects the predetermined relative humidity for maintaining the humidity environment, and automatically operates the electric dehumidifier 20 intermittently. With the humidity sensor 21 installed,
The electric dehumidifier 20 includes drainage means 23 for discharging the dehumidified water dehumidified out of the underfloor sealed space, and an exhaust duct 24 for sucking and discharging air in the underfloor sealed space 10.
By arranging this in the underfloor sealed space, the relative humidity environment of the underfloor sealed space 10 is automatically maintained to form a structural material protecting humidity environment maintaining device. [0012] The electric dehumidifier of the present embodiment is a sealed underfloor space 1
0 is sucked, the air is condensed by the heat of evaporation of the refrigerant due to the compression of the compressor, and the air is condensed, and the refrigerant is discharged. On the other hand, the drainage means 23 for discharging the dehumidified water collected as condensation is discharged. The pipe is provided, and is discharged to a drainage system buried underground in the sealed underfloor space 10 by natural drainage or to the outside through the wall surface 3 by a drain-up device. The humidity sensor 21 is installed in the exhaust duct 24 or in the vicinity of its suction port, and performs the above-mentioned humidity detection in a flowing state of air at a speed of 1 m or more and 2 m or less per second. Using a polymeter that detects humidity by expansion and contraction of nylon ribbon,
An ON / OFF power switch is provided. When a predetermined humidity is detected, the power switch is turned ON to operate the electric dehumidifier 20. When the humidity falls below the predetermined humidity, the power is detected and the power switch is turned OFF, and the underfloor sealed space 10 is closed. The electric dehumidifier 20 is operated intermittently in response to a change in the humidity environment. At this time, the humidity sensor 21 discharges the humidity so as to perform the humidity detection in the above-described second-speed air flow state which improves the sensitivity. The relative humidity of the underfloor sealed space 10 is detected by being installed in the duct 24 or in the vicinity of the suction port. In the humidity sensor 21 of the polymeter using the nylon ribbon of the present embodiment,
By setting the wind speed to the preferable above-mentioned speed of 1 m or more and 2 m or less, extremely good sensitivity is exhibited, the intermittent automatic operation of the electric dehumidifier 20 is performed, and the humidity environment of the sealed underfloor space 10 can be secured and maintained. It is like that. The suction and discharge of air in the sealed underfloor space 10 is as follows.
For example, when installing an exhaust-type centralized ventilation system in the building 1, the exhaust duct 24 of the branch system is installed in the sealed underfloor space 10, or the exhaust duct 24 in which the exhaust system is installed exclusively for the sealed underfloor space 10 is similarly installed. At this time, the humidity sensor 21 may be appropriately installed inside or near the suction port in accordance with the suction force of the exhaust duct 24. With such a configuration, the electric dehumidifier 2 based on the humidity detection of the humidity sensor 21 can be used.
The automatic intermittent operation of zero is performed as a peak cut operation of over 70% or less of humidity in the deteriorating period of the humidity environment, and the relative humidity environment of the underfloor sealed space 10 is maintained at about 70% or less, and wood rot fungi and termites. The underfloor sealed space 1 is obtained by simultaneously destroying the growth or breeding environment of
0 is used to protect the wood or steel frame, in this example, the structural material of the wood. That is, in the wooden house 1, the proliferation of the decay fungi is activated around a relative humidity of about 85%, and a suitable growth or propagation environment for termites can be obtained by the propagation of the decay fungi. On the other hand, breeding of mites and molds is similarly activated around a relative humidity of about 70%, so that if the relative humidity environment of the underfloor sealed space 10 is maintained at about 70% or less, these rots may be caused. The growth or breeding environment of bacteria, termites, mites, molds, etc. can be destroyed at the same time, and the woody structural material or steel frame structural material, in this example, the decay fungi of the wooden structural material or the propagation and damage of termites The structural material can be protected from, for example, improving the durability of the building and reducing the possibility of mites migrating from under the floor to carpets on the floor, for example, causing allergies. Eliminate and good living environment Good maintenance can be made possible. In general, the humidity environment of the underfloor sealed space 10 deteriorates from the rainy season to the end of summer, and the humidity environment of the underfloor sealed space 10 hardly deteriorates except during this period. 70 for humidity detection of sensor 21
% Or less, the electric dehumidifier 20 is automatically intermittently operated, and the operation is performed in a peak cut shape corresponding to a predetermined humidity over 70% or less.
The standard running cost can be reduced to about 2 to 3000 yen per year. In the figure, reference numeral 7 denotes a window, 8 denotes a wooden floor structural material to be protected together with the structural material 2 such as the pillar stud, 9 denotes a floor finishing material, and 12 denotes a sealed underfloor space 10 in this embodiment. In order to maintain the structural strength of the building 1, the raised surface of the cloth foundation that protrudes inward as necessary to secure the structural strength of the building 1 and the concrete surface in this example, 14 The same moisture-proof member as the above-mentioned one is installed, and the polyethylene sheet of the moisture-proof member is superposed on the polystyrene foam panel 13 together with the polystyrene foam panel 13 so that the surface 11 is highly airtight.
Reference numeral 22 denotes a humidity dial for setting the detection humidity of the humidity sensor 21. Although the illustrated example is as described above, in the practice of the present invention, in order to obtain high airtightness, it is preferable to apply a moisture-proof coating film to the outdoor side and / or the indoor side of the ground standing surface. , Moisture absorption using porous charcoal, bamboo charcoal, etc. for dehumidification. For example, using an electric dehumidifier for electric adsorption, when using a humidity sensor, other than the above polymeter The detection of the relative humidity in the air flow condition by the humidity sensor is performed by using a ventilation fan installed in a sealed space under the floor, including installing a humidity sensor in the duct installed in this and near the outlet of the duct. In the implementation of the present invention, a building, a sealed underfloor space, an electric dehumidifier, a humidity sensor, a drainage means,
The specific structures, shapes, materials, numerical values, relations, and additions to the exhaust duct, the humidity environment to be maintained, and the like, as well as additions to these, may be changed as appropriate without departing from the gist of the invention. can do. [0020] Since the present invention is configured as described above, the underfloor space is shielded from the outside air, and there is no air permeability so as to prevent its introduction into any of the high humidity outside air and the dry outside air. By making the underfloor space independent of the outside air, it is possible to eliminate the influence of the outside air as a single, highly airtight underfloor sealed space that communicates with the inside as a whole while the inside is in communication with the outside air. The possibility of infiltration of high-humidity outside air due to moisture absorption or permeability of building materials and inflow of indoor high-humidity air through the floor The high humidity condition that may be caused by the above is installed in the underfloor sealed space, and the humidity is detected by the humidity sensor that detects the humidity in the air flowing state so as to eliminate the detection failure due to the air stagnation in the underfloor sealed space. An electric dehumidifier that operates automatically and intermittently in a peak-cut manner during the deteriorating environment to completely dehumidify the space under the sealed floor, effectively reducing the running cost and controlling the operation. By maintaining and destroying the growth or propagation environment of rot fungi, termites, mites, molds, etc. simultaneously by improving the humidity environment,
Provided is a humidity environment maintaining device for protecting a structural material under a floor, which protects a timber or a steel structural material in a sealed space under the floor, improves durability of the building, and maintains a good living environment. be able to.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a partial vertical sectional view of a first floor of a building. FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view showing the structure of the ground rising surface. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a relationship between a sealed underfloor space and a dehumidifying unit. FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a state where the humidity sensor is installed in an exhaust duct. [Description of Signs] 1 Building 2 Structural material 8 Floor structural material 10 Sealed space under floor 13 Moisture proof material 20 Dehumidifier 21 Humidity sensor

Continuation of front page       (56) References JP-A-9-257275 (JP, A)                 JP-A-10-183789 (JP, A)                 JP-A-11-51440 (JP, A)                 JP-A-6-281233 (JP, A)                 JP-A-1-129897 (JP, A)                 JP-A-2-154796 (JP, A)                 JP-A-8-334240 (JP, A)                 JP-A-5-26498 (JP, A)                 JP-A-62-223054 (JP, A)                 JP-A-7-49142 (JP, A)                 Hikaru 4-61236 (JP, U)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] Concrete having a moisture-proof coating or a moisture-proof member on the entire surface on the outdoor side and / or the indoor side without installing an opening such as an underfloor ventilation port. Inner communication single high airtightness that is formed continuously by being independent from the outside air and communicating with the inside as a whole by sealing and enclosing the ground rising surface such as the cloth foundation of the system, the connecting bar, etc. according to the outline of the building In the underfloor sealed space and the inner communicating single high airtight underfloor sealed space to completely dehumidify the underfloor sealed space in the underfloor sealed space to maintain the humidity environment below a predetermined relative humidity. An intermittently operated electric dehumidifier, a humidity sensor using a nylon ribbon installed in the underfloor sealed space for automatically intermittently operating the electric dehumidifier, and discharging the dehumidified water dehumidified by the electric dehumidifier outside the underfloor sealed space. Drainage means An exhaust duct for sucking and discharging air in the underfloor sealed space, wherein the humidity sensor is installed in the exhaust duct or near the suction port to detect the humidity in a flow state of air at a speed of 1 m or more and 2 m or less per second. At the same time, the automatic intermittent operation of the electric dehumidifier based on the humidity detection of the humidity sensor is performed as a peak cut-like operation of over 70% or less in the humidity environment deterioration period, and the relative humidity environment of the underfloor sealed space is reduced to 70%. % Or less, and simultaneously protects the timber or steel frame structural material in the enclosed space under the floor by simultaneously destroying the growth or propagation environment of wood rot fungi, termites, mites, molds, etc. Humidity environment maintenance device for underfloor space structural material protection.