JP3564005B2 - Iron lid - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an iron cover such as a manhole capable of exerting a non-slip action for a long period of time.
[0002]
[Prior art]
If an iron lid such as a manhole on the road surface is installed at a corner (turning corner) of the road, there is a case where a motorcycle or the like slips and falls over when it passes there with unstable cornering. . When the pattern became rainy, the frictional resistance of the iron lid surface was reduced, so that the iron cover was more likely to fall.
Therefore, various measures have been taken to prevent slippage by providing various irregularities on the iron cover (JP-A-11-131516, JP-A-11-131517, JP-A-9-235748, etc.).
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described conventional technology, the predetermined effect can be expected only in a new state or a state close to a new state, and after that, the frictional resistance of the iron lid surface is reduced and slip occurs. It was easier. Even though the iron lid was used, once the vehicle was used, the unevenness was worn and rounded as vehicles and the like moved up and down. As a result, the frictional resistance was reduced and slipping was likely to occur.
[0004]
An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an iron lid that exerts its power in preventing slippage for a long time not only under a condition near new, but also over time. .
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the gist of the invention according to claim 1 is that a main projection (1) formed to be smaller than a general surface on a surface side of a disc-shaped lid, and a small size in a plan view from the main projection. And a sub-projection (2) formed at a height from the general surface lower than the height of the main protrusion, an upper ridge formed from the circumference, a lower ridge formed from the circumference, and a middle ridge formed at a circumferential edge lower than the general surface. Part, a lower ridge and an edge projection (3) heading toward the center of the iron lid while sequentially lowering its height , and each of the upper ridges is in the form of an arcuate small block; The repeating pattern of the arcuate small blocks surrounds the circumference and a gap between the upper ridges is formed between the upper ridges at the surface height of the middle ridge. There are distributed arranged in many islands in the lid surface, further said main protrusion Masonry those disc shaped stepwise In the proof conical ridge member in the iron cover, wherein the grooves are formed to vertically split through its top center.
The iron lid according to the second aspect of the present invention is the iron lid according to the first aspect, wherein a weir (32a) slightly raised from the main body of the middle ridge is provided on an inner peripheral edge of the middle ridge near the center of the lid, and the lower ridge is provided. A weir (33a) slightly raised from the lower protruding portion main body is also provided on the inner peripheral edge of the portion near the center of the lid .
The iron cover according to the third aspect of the present invention is the iron lid according to the second aspect, wherein the main projection is a cone-shaped protruding body obtained by stacking three disk-shaped main projections, and the inclination angle of the first-stage protuberance of the main projection. Is an area in which the inclination angle of the second-stage protrusion is in the range of 20 ° to 40 °, and the edge projection portion is excluded. In the above, when the occupied area of the convex portion including both the main projection and the sub-projection is X and the occupied area of the general surface is Y, the value of X / (X + Y) is in the range of 0.1 to 0.3. There is a feature.
[0006]
When the main projections and the sub-projections having different heights are formed, the sub-projections can be made to stand by in a new state, and the timing can be shifted to abut on the vehicle tire. Even if it is reduced, the sub-projection appears to maintain the predetermined frictional force, and the slip prevention can continue to function. When a groove that is vertically divided through the center of the top of the main projection is formed, the main projection is divided and a corner is formed on the divided wall, so that the frictional force is increased and the anti-slip effect is further enhanced. In addition, when the main projections are made of a cone-shaped protruding body in which disk-shaped ones are stacked in a step-like manner, the arc edge of each protruding part formed in a step-like shape becomes a corner and a high frictional force against a vehicle tire such as a motorcycle. To
Also, when formed at the circumferential edge slightly higher than the general surface, the upper ridge, the middle ridge, the lower ridge from the circumference and the edge protrusion toward the center of the iron lid while sequentially lowering the height are provided, It makes it easy for vehicle tires to enter the iron cover from the road surface and escape from the iron cover to the road surface. Further, each of the upper ridges is formed in the shape of an arcuate small block, and the repetition pattern of the arcuate small blocks surrounds the circumference and forms a gap between the upper ridges at the surface height of the middle ridge. Then, rainwater or the like that has entered the iron lid is easily released from the gap to the outside of the iron lid.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, a weir slightly raised from the middle protruding portion main body is provided on the inner peripheral edge of the middle protruding portion on the side closer to the center of the lid. If a slightly raised weir is provided, it will be difficult for rainwater to enter the iron lid from the road surface, and rainwater discharged outside the iron lid will not return to the iron lid. A reduction in frictional resistance can be prevented.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the main projection is a cone-shaped protruding body in which disk-shaped main projections are stacked in three stages, and the first projection of the main projection has an inclination angle of 0 to 10 ° and the second projection. When the inclination angle of the portion is in the range of 10 ° to 20 ° and the inclination angle of the third raised portion is in the range of 20 ° to 40 °, when the vehicle tire passes through the surface of the iron lid, the impact is reduced and the vehicle can travel safely. . The main projection functions to prevent slippage, and has a shape that is gentle to the tire. Do not scratch tires at corners. Further, in a region excluding the edge protrusion, when the exclusive area of the convex portion including both the main projection and the sub-projection is X and the exclusive area of the general surface is Y, the value of X / (X + Y) is When it is in the range of 0.1 to 0.3, it is possible to exhibit excellent performance in preventing slippage.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the iron cover according to the present invention will be described in detail. 1 to 11 show an embodiment of the iron lid of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a partial plan view of the iron lid, FIG. 2 is a plan view of (a) a main projection, and (b) is a plan view of FIG. FIG. 3 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of the main projection, FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a temporal change of the main projection in FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a temporal change of the main projection in another mode different from FIG. 6, FIG. 6 is a plan view and a side view of the sub-projection, FIG. 7 is a plan view of the sub-projection in another mode from FIG. 6, FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged plan view of the edge projection, and FIG. 9 is FIG. XI-XI. FIG. 10 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the general surface and the main projection and the sub-projection, and FIG. 11 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship between the main projection and the sub-projection with respect to the motorcycle tire. Applies to disc-shaped iron lids that cover manholes.
[0008]
The iron lid is literally made of iron, and has a main projection 1, a sub-projection 2, and an edge projection 3 formed slightly higher than the iron lid general surface 5. As shown in FIG. 1, on the front side of the disk-shaped lid, the edge projections 3 are provided on the lid peripheral edge portion 7, and the main projections 1 and the sub-projections 2 are distributed and arranged in an island shape in other regions. The main projection 1, the sub-projection 2, and the edge projection 3 are all integrally formed with the base 6 of the iron cover.
[0009]
The main projection 1 here is a cone-shaped protruding body obtained by stacking disc-shaped ones in a step-like (three-tiered) manner. The main projection 1 is formed with a groove 4 that is vertically divided into four through the center of the top portion, as shown in FIG. Basically, the four main blocks 1a are combined into one main projection 1. Since the main projections 1 are not only stacked in a stepped manner but also divided into sector blocks 1a, even if the main projections 1 have the same size, the number of corners 11a, 12a, 13a, 14a increases, and two wheels are formed. Increases snag resistance against tire rubber.
[0010]
Regarding the specific size of the main projection 1, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, the diameter Da of the first raised portion 11 is about 12 mmφ, the diameter Da2 of the second raised portion 12 is about 10 mmφ, and the third raised portion 13 has The diameter Da3 is about 8 mmφ, the groove width d is about 2 mm, the height Ha1 of the first-stage protrusion 11 is about 1 mm, the height Ha2 of the second-stage protrusion 12 is about 2 mm, and the third-step protrusion 13 Is about 2 mm, and the total main projection height Ha is about 5 mm. The arc edges of the first-stage raised portion 11 to the third-stage raised portion 13 formed in a staircase form corner portions 11a, 12a, and 13a to increase the frictional force with respect to a vehicle tire T such as a motorcycle. The main projection 1 may have the same shape (left figure in FIG. 5), but in the present embodiment, the groove 4 is further formed to form not only the corners 11a, 12a, and 13a but also the radii of the four sector blocks 1a. The side wall portion 14 also becomes a corner portion 14a to increase the frictional force on the vehicle tire T.
[0011]
Regarding the corners 11a, 12a, and 13a of the arc edge of the main projection 1, predetermined inclination angles A, B, and C can be provided as shown in FIG. It is more preferable to set the inclination angles A to 0 to 10 °, B to 10 ° to 20 °, and C to 20 ° to 40 °. This is because when the vehicle tire T passes over the surface of the iron lid, the impact when the main projection height Ha exists when the tire is new, can be reduced to allow safe traveling. The main projection 1 functions to prevent slippage and has a shape that is gentle to the tire T. The tires T are not damaged at the corners 11a to 13a.
[0012]
The sub-projection 2 is a raised body that is smaller in size in plan view than the main projection 1 and is formed lower than the height of the main projection 1 from the general surface 5. By setting the height of the sub-projection 2 lower than the height of the back of the main projection 1, the catching resistance of the iron cover is ensured for a long time. Even if the iron lid is used, the corners 13a and 12a of the arc, the corner 14a of the radial side wall portion of the sector block 1a, and the third raised portion 13 itself are worn by use (FIG. 4). The catching resistance decreases. When such a situation occurs, the sub-projection 2 which has been unused since it is short is exposed and plays a role of restoring the snagging resistance. The height H2 of the sub-projections 2 from the general surface 5 is set within a range of 1/3 to 2/3 in a ratio (H2 / H1) to the height H1 of the main projections 1 from the general surface 5. Then, it becomes more suitable. When (H2 / H1) is in the range of 1/3 to 2/3, at the stage where the main projections 1 are worn out and the resistance is reduced, the sub-projections 2 hit the tire contact surface of the vehicle or the like in a good manner. This is because there is an effect of increasing the snagging resistance (aggregation resistance) of the tire T.
The sub-projections 2 are in principle distributed between the main projections 1. With such a configuration, slip can be effectively suppressed over the entire surface of the iron lid.
[0013]
The shape of the sub-projection 2 is substantially a pentagon of a cherry pattern in plan view as shown in FIGS. By forming such a pentagonal columnar body having the depressions 22 formed in the peripheral wall 23, the corners 23a formed by the upper surface 21 and the peripheral wall 23 are increased, and the frictional force is increased. The sub-projection 2 has a diameter Db of about 5 mmφ and a height Hb of about 2.5 mm (FIG. 6). The sub-projection 2 is not limited to the shape shown in FIG. 6, and may be formed into a shape as shown in FIG. 7, for example. However, in any case, the sub-projection 2 is smaller than the main projection 1. The reason why the sub-projection 2 is made smaller in plan view than the main projection 1 is a main raised portion where the main projection 1 acts to prevent slippage, and when the main projection 1 is worn down by use, the sub-projection 2 becomes smaller. This is because it plays a supplementary role to prevent the main projection 1 from slipping and prevent the main projection 1 from prolonging its life.
In addition, although the abrasion of the sub-projection 2 is slightly advanced, the sub-projection 2 may be assisted to increase the frictional resistance at the time of new article.
[0014]
The edge projection 3 is a raised body formed at a peripheral edge portion 7 of the circular iron lid and slightly higher than the iron lid general surface 5. The edge projection 3 moves from the circumferential edge of the iron lid toward the center of the iron lid while sequentially decreasing the height of the upper ridge 31, the middle ridge 32, and the lower ridge 33 (FIG. 1). By adopting such a configuration, the intrusion of the vehicle tire T from the road surface into the iron cover and the escape of the vehicle tire T from the inside of the iron cover to the road surface are made smooth.
The middle protruding portion 32 and the lower protruding portion 33 form a wave pattern, and the main protrusion 1 is arranged between the protruding ends from which the lower protruding portion 33 protrudes. Each of the upper ridges 31 is in the form of an arcuate small block and surrounds the circumference 7 of the iron lid in a repeating pattern of the arcuate small blocks (FIG. 8). A gap 34 having a surface height of the middle ridge 32 is formed between the upper ridges 31. This is because rainwater or the like that has entered the iron lid is easily discharged from the gap 34 to the outside of the iron lid.
A weir 32a slightly raised from the middle protruding portion main body at the inner peripheral edge of the middle protruding portion 32 closer to the center of the lid, and also slightly protruded from the lower protruding portion main body on the inner peripheral edge closer to the lid center at the lower protruding portion 33. A weir 33a is provided (FIG. 9). When these weirs 32a, 33a are provided, it becomes difficult for rainwater to enter the inside of the iron cover from the road surface, and the rainwater discharged outside the iron cover does not return to the inside of the iron cover. Of the frictional resistance can be prevented.
[0015]
In the present embodiment, the edge projections 3 are formed on the peripheral edge 7 of the surface of the circular iron lid as described above, and a large number of main projections 1 and sub-projections 2 are formed in an island shape on the surface of the iron lid surrounded by the edge projections 3. Distributed.
Although the distribution of the main projections 1 and the sub-projections 2 may be arranged regularly, as shown in FIG. 1, the density of the main projections 1 and the sub-projections 2 is increased from the center toward the circumferential portion 7 by α, β, and γ zones. It can also be changed by dividing by. The distribution patterns α to γ of the main projections 1 and the sub-projections 2 in FIG. 1 indicate not only smooth intrusion and escape to the iron cover during unstable cornering of a motorcycle, but also various tire sizes and patterns including a four-wheeled vehicle. It was completed by assuming and considering the passing line of.
[0016]
Further, in the area excluding the edge projections 3, the ratio of the exclusive area X of the convex portion to which both the main projection 1 and the sub-projection 2 are added and the exclusive area Y of the general surface 5, that is, the concave portion, is also determined. The inventor is considering.
10A shows a value of X / (X + Y) of about 0.5, FIG. 10B shows a value of X / (X + Y) of about 0.7 to 1.0, and FIG. The value of / (X + Y) is schematically represented from about 0.1 to 0.3. (A) and (c) have higher frictional resistance than (b), and the value of the concavo-convex ratio per unit area X / (X + Y) is 0.5 or less, preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.3. It has been found that it can exhibit excellent performance in stopping.
[0017]
The iron cover thus configured is provided with a main projection 1 and a sub-projection 2 which are formed slightly higher than the general surface 5 of the iron lid, and the height of the sub-projection 2 is smaller than the height of the main projection 1. Is reduced, the anti-slip action can be maintained not only in a state where the iron lid is close to a new one but also when the main projection 1 is worn to some extent and worn. Even if the iron lid is put in use, the iron itself is shaved during vehicle running or the like. The top portion (three-step raised portion 13a) is worn down, and the main projection 1 is lowered from the left to the right in FIG. 4 or FIG. In addition, the edge 12a of the protruding portion becomes round, and does not function much to prevent slip. In the product of the present invention, the non-slip function can be maintained for a long time by operating the sub-projection 2 with a time lag. That is, when the iron lid is new or close to new, the anti-slip function depends on the corners 11a to 13a of the main projection 1, and the sub-projection 2 does not contact the tire T as shown in FIG. Hold on. In the meantime, the sub protrusion 2 is not damaged in principle. Then, after a lapse of time, when the main projections 1 are worn and become short and the anti-slip function is reduced, the sub-projections 2 come out to participate and newly participate, and the decrease in the frictional resistance of the main projections 1 is reduced to the corners. 23a. At this time, the sub-projection 2 is, of course, in a new state or a new state, and its corner 23a is not yet rounded, so that it can exert its power to prevent slipping.
[0018]
The main projection 1 has a groove 4 for vertical division, and the corner 14a of the dividing wall 14 is additionally formed by the groove 4, so that even if the main projection 1 has the same size, the frictional force against the vehicle tire T is increased. As a result, slip accident prevention is further improved. Since the main projection 1 is formed of a cone-shaped protruding body in which disk-shaped ones are stacked in a step-like manner, a circular arc edge of each of the protruding parts 11 to 13 formed in a step-like manner becomes corners 11a to 13a, and is a vehicle such as a motorcycle. The frictional force with respect to the tire T is increased.
In addition, the peripheral projection 7 is formed to be slightly higher than the general surface 5, and the upper ridge 31, the middle ridge 32, and the lower ridge 33 are sequentially reduced from the circumference to the center of the iron lid while the height is gradually reduced. 3 are provided to make it easy for the vehicle tire T to enter from the road surface into the iron cover and to escape from the inside of the iron cover to the road surface. Further, each of the upper ridges 31 is formed in the shape of an arcuate small block, and the repetition pattern of the arcuate small blocks surrounds the circumference, and the surface height of the middle ridge 32 between the upper ridges 31. Since the gap 34 is formed, rainwater or the like that has entered the iron lid is easily discharged from the gap 34 to the outside of the iron lid.
When the ratio (H2 / H1) of the height H2 of the sub-projections 2 from the general surface 5 to the height H1 of the main protrusions 1 from the general surface 5 is set in the range of 1/3 to 2/3. When the main projection 1 becomes short due to wear and the anti-slip function drops, the sub-projection 2 hits the vehicle tire T at that stage. 2 can reliably cover and increase the frictional resistance. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a motorcycle and the like from falling over on the iron lid for a long time.
[0019]
Further, when the weirs 32a and 33a are provided on the edge projection 3 as in the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent rainwater from entering the inside of the iron cover, so that drainage is improved. As a result, the iron cover can maintain a predetermined frictional resistance by the main projection 1 and the sub-projection 2 even in rainy weather.
The main projection 1 is a cone-shaped protruding body obtained by stacking disk-shaped ones in a three-stage stack, and the first projection 11 of the main projection 1 has an inclination angle of 0 to 10 ° and the inclination of the second projection 12. angle of 10 ° to 20 °, the inclination angle of the third stage ridge 13 is in the range of 20 ° to 40 °, when the vehicle tire T to pass through the Tetsufuta surface, main projection height when new H a The driver can drive safely by reducing the impact when there is a vehicle. The main projection 1 functions to prevent slippage, and has a shape that is gentle to the tire. The tires are not damaged at the corners 11a to 13a. In this way, the iron lid of the present invention is extremely useful for preventing the motorcycle from falling over, since the required frictional resistance is maintained for a long period of time even if the motorcycle runs on the iron cover.
[0020]
It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, but can be variously modified within the scope of the present invention depending on the purpose and application. The shape, size, and the like of the main projection 1, the sub-projection 2, the edge projection 3, the groove 4, and the like can be appropriately selected according to the application.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the iron lid according to the present invention functions to prevent slippage for a long period of time, not only in a state near new, but also exhibits an excellent effect.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partial plan view of an embodiment of an iron lid according to the present invention.
2A is a plan view of a main projection, and FIG. 2B is a view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 2A.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of a main projection.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a temporal change of a main projection of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a temporal change of a main projection in another mode different from FIG.
6A is a plan view of a sub-projection, and FIG. 6B is a side view of the sub-projection.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of a sub-projection of another embodiment different from FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged plan view of an edge projection.
FIG. 9 is a view taken along line XI-XI of FIG.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing a relationship between a general surface and main projections and sub-projections.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory sectional view showing a positional relationship between a main projection and a sub-projection with respect to a tire of a motorcycle.
[Explanation of symbols]
Reference Signs List 1 main projection 2 sub-projection 4 groove 5 general surface H1 height of main projection from general surface H2 height of sub-projection from general surface

Claims (3)

A main projection (1) formed to be smaller than the general surface on the surface side of the disk-shaped lid; and a height smaller than the main projection in plan view, and the height from the general surface is set to the height of the main projection. The sub-projection (2) formed at a lower height than the general surface at the circumferential edge, the upper ridge, the middle ridge, and the lower ridge from the circumference, and the height of the lower portion and the height of the lower portion are sequentially reduced. And each of the upper ridges is in the form of an arcuate small block, which surrounds the circumference in a repeating pattern of the arcuate small blocks and each upper ridge while clearance surface height of the middle ridges between each other are formed, said main projection and sub projections to other areas of said edge projections are distributed arranged in many islands in the lid surface, further said main protrusion vertical component through the top center in the cone-shaped embossment member stacked those disc shaped stepwise Tetsufuta characterized in that the grooves are formed to be. A weir (32a) slightly raised from the middle ridge main body at the inner peripheral edge of the middle ridge near the lid center, and an inner peripheral edge closer to the lid center at the lower ridge also slightly raised from the lower ridge main body. The iron cover according to claim 1, further comprising a weir (33a). The main projection is a cone-shaped protruding body in which disk-shaped protrusions are stacked in three stages, and the inclination angle of the first projection of the main projection is 0 to 10 °, and the inclination angle of the second projection is 10 °. ° to 20 °, the inclination angle of the third raised portion is in the range of 20 ° to 40 °, and in a region excluding the edge projection portion, the convex portion to which both the main projection and the sub-projection are added. The iron cover according to claim 2, wherein the value of X / (X + Y) is in the range of 0.1 to 0.3, where X is the occupied area and Y is the occupied area of the general surface.

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