JP3567719B2 - Bolt press-in device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a bolt press-fitting device suitable for press-fitting a plurality of bolts provided in a housing or the like constituting, for example, an automobile differential (differential gear).
[0002]
[Prior art]
A differential gear (final reduction gear) mounted on a drive shaft of an automobile or the like includes members (such as a drive gear and a pinion) constituting a planetary gear mechanism such as a drive gear and a pinion in a housing 1 and a differential carrier 2 as shown in FIG. Is stored. Axle tubes 3 are provided on both sides of the housing 1. The housing 1 has a circular housing opening 4 on the side where the differential carrier 2 is fastened. A plurality of bolts 5 are provided at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction on the peripheral edge of the housing opening 4, that is, on the opening edge 4 a.
[0003]
These bolts 5 are used to fasten the differential carrier 2 to the housing 1. Each bolt 5 is press-fitted from the inside of the housing 1 by a press-fitting device described below into a bolt insertion hole 6 previously drilled in the opening edge 4a of the housing 1. By press-fitting the bolt 5, the space between the bolt 5 and the bolt insertion hole 6 is brought into close contact, and the oil in the housing 1 is prevented from leaking to the outside.
[0004]
A conventional device used to press-fit these bolts 5 into the bolt insertion holes 6 is a clamp mechanism 11 (partially) for fixing the housing 1 at a predetermined position like a bolt press-fitting device 10 shown in FIG. Only the number of the press-fitting units 12 corresponding to the number of the bolts 5.
[0005]
Each press-fit unit 12 includes a support member 13 for pressing the head 5 a of the bolt 5 from the inside of the housing 1, a movable member 14 provided to face the support member 13, and a support member A hydraulic cylinder (press-fitting hydraulic single ram) 15 for driving toward 13 was provided.
[0006]
These press-fit units 12 can be moved in the radial direction of the housing opening 4 by a tilting mechanism (not shown). When the support members 13 are inserted into the housing openings 4, all the support members 13 are retracted to positions near the center of the housing openings 4 by the tilting mechanism, and each support member 13 is inserted into the housing openings 4. After the insertion, all the support members 13 are moved to the back side of the opening edge 4a by moving each support member 13 toward the opening edge 4a by the tilting mechanism.
[0007]
In order to press-fit the bolt 5 into the bolt insertion hole 6 using the bolt press-fitting device 10, the bolt 5 is inserted into the bolt insertion hole 6 to some extent by a manual operation or the like prior to the press-fitting step. Each support member 13 is inserted into the housing opening 4 in a state of being retracted to a position near the center of the housing opening 4, and then each support member 13 is expanded toward the opening edge 4a, so that the support member 13 is bolted. The movable member 14 is opposed to the lower surface of the opening edge 4a of the housing 1 while being opposed to the head 5a.
[0008]
Then, a hydraulic pressure of several hundred kg / cm 2 is applied to the hydraulic cylinder 15, and the movable member 14 is pressed toward the support member 13, and the distance between the support member 13 and the movable member 14 is reduced. Of the bolt 5 is pressed into the bolt insertion hole 6 while the supporting member 13 is pressed.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional bolt press-fitting device 10 described above, the press-fitting units 12 for the number of the bolts 5 are arranged in parallel in the circumferential direction of the housing opening 4. 15 cannot be adopted. That is, the piston pressure receiving area of the hydraulic cylinder 15 is small, and to obtain a predetermined press-fitting load, the hydraulic pressure must be set to be considerably high.
[0010]
For this reason, with the increase in the pressure of the hydraulic system, there is room for improvement in terms of cost increase of the hydraulic system, measures against oil leakage, and the life of the device. Further, since the conventional press-fitting device is a dedicated machine corresponding to the type of housing, it is not suitable for multi-product production, and development of a versatile device has been desired.
[0011]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a bolt press-in device that can reduce the pressure of an actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder that generates a press-in load and that can be used for general purposes.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The bolt press-fitting device of the present invention for achieving the above object has, as described in claim 1, a circular opening which opens in a predetermined direction and an inner peripheral edge of the opening inside the opening. A housing holding mechanism for holding, at a predetermined position, a housing having an opening edge projecting in a flange shape toward the housing and having a plurality of bolt insertion holes at a predetermined pitch along the circumferential direction at the opening edge; A rotating body which is rotatable relative to the housing held by a housing holding mechanism along a circumferential direction of the opening, and wherein the bolt is provided on the rotating body so as to be disposed inside the opening and A press-fitting member capable of pressing the bolt toward the hole, a support member for supporting the opening edge of the housing, and an actuator for relatively moving the press-fitting member and the support member; And press-fitting unit, and the press-fitting unit anda pitch feed mechanism which moves to the position of the desired bolt insertion holes. The bolt press-fitting device according to the present invention, in a state in which the housing is held at a predetermined position of the device main body by the housing holding mechanism, has a pitch corresponding to a pitch circle diameter of the bolt and the like with respect to a bolt insertion hole provided in the periphery of the opening of the housing. By moving the press-fit unit by the feed mechanism, the position of the press-fit unit with respect to the bolt insertion hole is adjusted. The pitch circle diameter referred to in this specification means a center-to-center distance between a pair of bolt insertion holes forming a pair with each other on a line segment passing through the center of the housing.
[0013]
Next, a hydraulic pressure is applied to the actuator to relatively move the press-fitting member and the support member, so that the head of the bolt faces the bolt insertion hole by the press-fitting member while the support member supports the opening edge of the housing. By being pressed, the bolt is pressed into the bolt insertion hole.
[0014]
The present invention also includes a device provided with a housing holding mechanism as described in claim 2. In this case, in a preparatory stage before press-fitting the bolt, the movable support member of the housing holding mechanism fixes the housing at a predetermined position of the apparatus main body, and centers the housing with respect to the apparatus main body.
[0015]
The present invention also includes a device provided with a pitch feed mechanism as described in claim 3. By rotating a screw member of the pitch feed mechanism by a motor, a pair of press-fit units are moved in conjunction with each other by a distance corresponding to a pitch circle diameter of a bolt to be press-fitted.
[0016]
In the bolt press-fitting device according to the fourth aspect, the bolt and the press-fitting portion (for example, the opening edge of the housing) are sandwiched between the floating press-fitting member and the support member provided so as to be relatively movable in the press-fitting direction. When the bolts are press-fitted, equal loads are applied in opposite directions from both sides in the press-fitting direction, so that the bolts and the press-fitted portions are held together and press-fitted.
[0017]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a bolt press-in device 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings (FIGS. 1 to 8).
The bolt press-in device 20 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 has a device main body 22 assembled with various frame materials 21 and the like. A housing holding mechanism 23 for holding the housing 1 is provided on the upper surface side of the apparatus main body 22. As shown in FIG. 8, the housing 1 has bolt insertion holes 6 as press-fitting portions for press-fitting the bolts 5 at a predetermined pitch in a circumferential direction of the opening edge 4a.
[0018]
The housing holding mechanism 23 includes movable support members 25 arranged at four equal pitches (for example, 90 ° each) in the circumferential direction. The movable support members 25 are configured to move in the directions of expanding and contracting simultaneously in the radial direction of the housing opening 4 in synchronization with each other by an interlocking mechanism 26 described below.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 2 as a representative pair of movable support members 25 (25a, 25b) facing each other, the center C side of the housing 1 with respect to the opening edge 4a of the housing 1 is provided above each support member 25. A locking portion 30 is provided which can be contacted from above. A female screw member 31 is provided below each support member 25. The female screw member 31 is screwed to the screw shaft 32, and when the screw shaft 32 rotates, all the support members 25 advance or retreat in the axial direction of the screw shaft 32 in synchronization with each other according to the rotation direction. In a spiral motion.
[0020]
An interlocking gear 33 such as a bevel gear is attached to the screw shaft 32. The interlocking gear 33 meshes with a driving gear 35 such as a bevel gear provided on the transmission shaft 34. As shown in FIG. 1, the four screw shafts 32 are maintained in an interlocking relationship with each other via an interlocking gear 33, a driving gear 35, and a transmission shaft 34. Of these transmission shafts 34, a transmission shaft 34a located on the right side in FIG. 2 is provided with a gear 36 for rotating the transmission shaft 34a.
[0021]
The gear 36 meshes with a drive gear 38 rotated by a motor 37. The motor 37 can rotate by a predetermined amount in either the forward or reverse direction. Note that the number of the movable support members 25 is not limited to four, and it is sufficient that the movable support members 25 are provided at a plurality of positions, preferably at three or more positions, at equal pitches in the circumferential direction of the housing opening 4.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 3, a circular hole 40 is formed on the upper surface side of the apparatus main body 22, and an annular bearing portion 41 (shown in FIG. 4) is provided along the inner periphery of the hole 40. The bearing 41 supports the rotating body 42 so as to be rotatable around a center C (shown in FIG. 2) of the housing 1 in a horizontal plane.
[0023]
The rotating body 42 has a ring gear 43. The ring gear 43 meshes with the drive gear 45. The driving gear 45 can be rotated by a predetermined amount by driving means such as a motor 46 with a speed reducer. The motor 46 is rotatable in both forward and reverse directions. The driving gear 45, the motor 46, and the like constitute a rotating body driving mechanism 47 for rotating the rotating body 42 by a predetermined amount.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 4, a vertical frame 50 extending in the vertical direction is provided on the lower surface side of the rotating body 42, and a lower frame 51 extending in the front-rear direction is provided at a lower end of the vertical frame 50. In the lower frame 51, a first gear 54 and a second gear 55 are provided by bearings 52, 53 so as to be rotatable around shafts 56, 57 extending vertically, respectively.
[0025]
A toothed pulley 60 is provided on a shaft 56 of the first gear 54. A transmission belt 61 such as a toothed belt (timing belt) is wound around the pulley 60. The transmission belt 61 is also wound around a driving pulley 63 that is rotationally driven by a motor 62. The rotation of the driving pulley 63 causes the driven pulley 60 to rotate and the first gear 54 to rotate. It has become. The motor 62 can also rotate a predetermined amount in either the forward or reverse direction.
[0026]
A relay gear 65 such as a bevel gear is provided at the upper end of the shaft 57 of the second gear 55. The relay gear 65 meshes with a driven gear 66 such as a bevel gear. The driven gear 66 is fixed to a screw member 70 extending in a direction (horizontal direction) orthogonal to the drive-side shaft 57.
[0027]
On the peripheral surface of the screw member 70, a first screw portion 71 and a second screw portion 72 having a reverse screw relationship are formed on both sides of the driven gear 66. A first nut member 75 is screwed into the first screw portion 71, and a second nut member 76 is screwed into the second screw portion 72. That is, when the screw member 70 rotates in the first direction, the nut members 75 and 76 move toward each other, and when the screw member 70 rotates in the second direction, the nut members 75 and 76 move away from each other. It is configured to move in a direction. The gears 54, 55, 65, 66, the pulleys 60, 63, the belt 61, the motor 62, the screw member 70, and the like constitute a pitch feed mechanism 77 for moving the press-fit units 80, 81 described below.
[0028]
The first nut member 75 is provided in a first press-fit unit 80 described below. The second nut member 76 is provided on the second press-fit unit 81. As shown in FIG. 3, the press-fit units 80 and 81 are mounted on the rotating body 42 in a left-right pair. Since the structures and operations of these press-fit units 80 and 81 are substantially common to each other, the first press-fit unit 80 will be described below as a representative.
[0029]
The press-fit unit 80 includes a gantry 86 that can move in the horizontal direction along a guide rail 85 that extends in the horizontal direction. The guide rail 85 is provided on the vertical frame 50. The gantry 86 rotates about a vertical axis integrally with the rotating body 42.
[0030]
The gantry 86 is provided with a guide member 90 (shown in FIG. 5 and the like) extending vertically. A press-fitting member 91 is provided that can move up and down along the guide member 90. A press-fit head 92 is provided above the press-fit member 91. The press-fit head 92 is shaped to be able to contact the head 5a of the bolt 5. The press fitting member 91 is urged downward by a spring 93.
[0031]
A hydraulic cylinder 100 that functions as an actuator according to the present invention is provided below the press-fitting member 91. The inside of the hydraulic cylinder 100 is partitioned by a piston 101 into a first oil chamber 102 and a second oil chamber 103. A support member 104 is provided above the piston 101.
[0032]
The support member 104 extends vertically toward the press-fit head 92, and the upper end 105 of the support member 104 faces the press-fit head 92. The upper end 105 of the support member 104 has a shape capable of supporting the opening edge 4a of the housing 1. A receiving hole 106 having a size that allows the bolt 5 to enter therein is formed at the upper end of the support member 104. A stopper wall 110 protruding in the horizontal direction is provided at a vertically intermediate portion of the support member 104.
[0033]
The stopper wall 110 can come into contact with the receiving portion 111 provided on the gantry 86 from above. Therefore, the support member 104 is relatively movable upward with respect to the initial position where the stopper wall 110 and the receiving portion 111 are in contact with each other, and is vertically movable relative to the press-in member 91. In state. The upper sides of the press-fit member 91 and the support member 104 protrude above the rotating body 42 through holes 112 formed in the rotating body 42.
[0034]
The first oil chamber 102 and the second oil chamber 103 of the hydraulic cylinder 100 are respectively connected to a hydraulic circuit 115 having a hydraulic pump or the like functioning as a hydraulic pressure generating source, and as shown in FIG. When the pressurized oil is introduced into the first oil chamber 102, the press-in member 91 rises with respect to the support member 104, and when the oil is introduced into the second oil chamber 103 as shown in FIG. The press-in member 91 descends relatively to the member 104.
[0035]
Next, the operation and the like of the bolt press-in device 20 of this embodiment will be described.
The step of press-fitting the bolt 5 into the bolt insertion hole 6 of the housing 1 is performed with the housing 1 facing downward, that is, the housing opening 4 facing downward as shown in FIG. Prior to this press-fitting step, the bolts 5 are inserted into all the bolt insertion holes 6 to a certain depth by hand or the like.
[0036]
Then, all the movable support members 25 of the housing holding mechanism 23 are made to stand by at an initial position near the center C of the housing 1 and the housing 1 is put on the apparatus main body 22 from above. It should be inside the opening 4. Further, the press-fit units 80 and 81 are brought closer to each other by the pitch feed mechanism 77.
[0037]
Then, by operating the motor 37 of the interlocking mechanism 26 and rotating the gear 35, all the movable support members 25 are simultaneously moved in the radial direction of the opening 4 toward the opening edge 4a. By doing so, the housing 1 is fixed by the movable support members 25, and the center C of the housing 1 matches the center of the housing holding mechanism 23, that is, the center (center position) of the rotating body 42, so that the bolt is press-fitted. Accurate centering of the housing 1 with respect to the device 20 is achieved.
[0038]
Further, by driving the motor 46 of the rotating body drive mechanism 47 to adjust the rotating body 42 to the predetermined origin position with respect to the housing 1, the press-fit units 80 and 81 are set to the predetermined origin positions. Note that, as shown in FIG. 5, the distance between the press-fit head 92 and the support member 104 is increased by introducing oil into the first oil chamber 102 of the hydraulic cylinder 100.
[0039]
Next, by operating the motor 62 of the pitch feed mechanism 77 and rotating the screw member 70 in the second direction, the distance corresponding to the distance between the pair of bolts 5 and 5 to be press-fitted (that is, the bolt pitch circle diameter). The press-fit units 80 and 81 are moved by the distance. By doing so, the press-fit head 92 faces directly above the respective bolt heads 5a between the pair of bolts 5 to be press-fitted, and the upper end surface of the support member 104 is positioned directly below the opening edge 4a of the housing 1. opposite.
[0040]
After that, the pressurized oil is supplied to the second oil chamber 103 by the hydraulic circuit 115. At this time, as shown in FIG. 6, the stopper wall 110 is supported by the receiving portion 111, and the further lowering of the support member 104 is prevented, so that oil is supplied to the second oil chamber 103. 6, the press-fitting member 91 starts to fall as indicated by an arrow A in FIG. 6, and the press-fitting head 92 comes into contact with the bolt head 5a from above.
[0041]
When oil is further supplied to the second oil chamber 103 in this state, the press-fitting head 92 is in contact with the bolt head 5a, so that the support member 104 in a floating state moves upward, and the upper end of the support member 104 Reference numeral 105 contacts the lower surface of the opening edge 4a of the housing 1. Then, oil is further supplied to the second oil chamber 103 and the distance between the press-fit head 92 and the support member 104 is reduced, so that the bolt 5 is press-fitted into the bolt insertion hole 6 as shown in FIG.
[0042]
After the two bolts 5 are press-fitted in this way, oil is supplied to the first oil chamber 102, and the distance between the press-fit head 92 and the support member 104 increases, so that the press-fit head 92 is separated from the bolt head 5a. At the same time, the support member 104 moves away from the housing 1.
[0043]
After that, the motor 46 of the rotating body driving mechanism 47 rotates by a predetermined amount, and the rotating body 42 rotates by one pitch in the circumferential direction of the bolt 5, so that the rotating body 42 is adjacent to the pair of bolts 5 already press-fitted. The press-fit units 80 and 81 move to the position of the new bolt 5. Then, the above-described press-fitting process is repeated.
[0044]
The press-fitting process described above is repeated a number of times corresponding to the number of bolts 5, so that after the press-fitting of all the bolts 5 is completed, the motor 62 of the pitch feed mechanism 77 rotates in the reverse direction, so that the press-fitting units 80, 81 It moves in the approaching direction and retracts to a position where the press-fit units 80 and 81 do not interfere with the housing 1. When the motor 37 of the housing holding mechanism 23 rotates in the reverse direction, all the movable support members 25 are retracted to positions where they do not interfere with the housing 1, and the housing 1 can be taken out of the apparatus main body 22. Further, when the motor 46 of the rotating body driving mechanism 47 operates, the rotating body 42 returns to the original position. Through the above series of steps, the bolt press-in operation for one housing is completed.
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
According to the bolt press-fitting device according to the first aspect, an opening edge portion having a circular opening portion opened in a predetermined direction and projecting in a flange shape toward the inside of the opening portion is provided on an inner peripheral edge of the opening portion. In a housing having a plurality of bolt insertion holes at a predetermined pitch along the circumferential direction at the opening edge , a press-fit unit is moved to a bolt insertion hole formed at a pitch corresponding to the type of the housing, and Can be automatically press-fitted, and since an actuator having a relatively large ram diameter can be incorporated into the press-fitting unit, the pressure can be set lower than in the conventional device. This has the effect of reducing the cost and extending the life of the hydraulic system and the like of the device, as well as facilitating measures against oil leakage due to the increase in pressure. Since the position of the press-fit unit can be adjusted according to the pitch of the bolt, it is possible to cope with multi-product production according to the type of housing.
[0046]
With the housing holding mechanism as described in claim 2, the center position of the housing with respect to the apparatus body or the like can be adjusted in the preparation stage before press-fitting the bolt, and the housing can be securely positioned at a predetermined position. Can be fixed to
[0047]
With a pitch feed mechanism as described in claim 3, a pair of press-fitting units can be linked to each other and quickly moved to a position corresponding to the bolt pitch circle diameter of the bolt, and a large number of Automatic press-fitting of bolts can be performed quickly.
[0048]
According to the bolt press-fitting device described in claim 4, when the bolt is press-fitted, the support member and the press-fitting member in the floating state are uniformly applied to the press-fitting portion such as the housing and the bolt head from opposite directions from each other. The supporting member and the press-fitting member are in a flexible clamping state because the head of the bolt and the press-fitting portion are held in a pinch, so that unreasonable force such as an eccentric load is not applied to the press-fitting portion, and the press-fitting load is applied in the bolt pressing direction. It can work effectively.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a part of a bolt press-in device showing one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of a part of a housing holding mechanism in the press-fitting device shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a part of the press-fitting device shown in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view schematically showing a part of the press-fitting unit in the press-fitting device shown in FIG.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view schematically showing a state in which a press-fitting member of the press-fitting unit is slightly lowered.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state in which a support member of the press-fit unit is raised.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a housing for a differential machine.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a part of a conventional bolt press-in device and a housing.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Housing 4 ... Opening part 5 ... Bolt 20 ... Bolt press-in apparatus 23 ... Housing holding mechanism 25 ... Movable support member 42 ... Rotating body 47 ... Rotating body driving mechanism 70 ... Screw member 77 ... Pitch feed mechanisms 80 and 81 ... Press-fitting unit 91 ... Press-fit member 92 ... Press-fit head 100 ... Hydraulic cylinder 104 ... Support member

Claims (4)

It has a circular opening that opens in a predetermined direction, and has an opening edge that protrudes in a flange shape toward the inside of the opening at an inner peripheral edge of the opening, and the opening edge extends along the circumferential direction. A housing having a plurality of bolt insertion holes at a predetermined pitch, a housing holding mechanism for holding the housing at a predetermined position,
A rotating body that is relatively rotatable along the circumferential direction of the opening with respect to the housing held by the housing holding mechanism;
And having a depressible pressed member bolts toward the provided and the bolt insertion hole so as to be disposed inside the opening in the rotary member, a support member for supporting the opening edge portion of the housing A press-fit unit having an actuator that relatively moves the press-fit member and the support member;
A pitch feed mechanism for moving the press-fit unit to a position of a desired bolt insertion hole,
A bolt press-fitting device comprising: It has a circular opening that opens in a predetermined direction, and has an opening edge that protrudes in a flange shape toward the inside of the opening at an inner peripheral edge of the opening, and the opening edge extends along the circumferential direction. A housing having a plurality of bolt insertion holes at a predetermined pitch, a housing holding mechanism for holding the housing at a predetermined position,
A rotating body that is relatively rotatable along the circumferential direction of the opening with respect to the housing held by the housing holding mechanism;
A press-fitting member provided on the rotating body so as to be disposed inside the opening and capable of pressing a bolt toward the bolt insertion hole; and a supporting member for supporting the opening edge of the housing. And a press-fit unit having an actuator for relatively moving the press-fit member and the support member;
A pitch feed mechanism for moving the press-fit unit to a position of a desired bolt insertion hole,
With
Said housing holding mechanism includes a disengageably plurality of movable support member relative to the contact and separation possible and the opening edge portion in the radial direction of the opening of the housing, the opening of these movable support member in conjunction with one another it features a to Rubo belt press fitting apparatus that is provided with an interlocking mechanism for contacting and separating the radial. The press-fitting unit is provided in a pair on the rotating body, and the pitch feed mechanism synchronizes the pair of press-fitting units with each other according to a bolt pitch circle diameter of the bolt insertion hole formed in the housing. The bolt press-fitting device according to claim 1, further comprising a screw member that can be moved by moving the screw member, and a unit that rotates the screw member. The press-fitting unit includes: A support member that is relatively movable in the direction of press-fitting of the bolt and that supports a press-fit portion provided with the bolt insertion hole; and the support member in a direction that reduces the distance between the support member and the press-fit head. 2. The bolt press-in device according to claim 1, further comprising an actuator for relatively moving the press-fit member and the press-fit member.

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