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JP3571103B2 - Method for producing titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material - Google Patents
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JP3571103B2 - Method for producing titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material - Google Patents

Method for producing titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3571103B2
JP3571103B2 JP07289295A JP7289295A JP3571103B2 JP 3571103 B2 JP3571103 B2 JP 3571103B2 JP 07289295 A JP07289295 A JP 07289295A JP 7289295 A JP7289295 A JP 7289295A JP 3571103 B2 JP3571103 B2 JP 3571103B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
titanium oxide
harmful substance
removing material
substance removing
support
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JP07289295A
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JPH08266601A (en
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和千代 高岡
恭行 奥
勝志 大上
功 海老原
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Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd
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Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、酸化チタンの光触媒反応を利用し、有害物質の分解し得る酸化チタン含有有害物除去材の製造方法に関する。更に詳しくは有害物質の分解作用のある酸化チタンが支持体上に高効率で強固に保持された酸化チタン含有有害物除去材の製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、環境問題に対する関心の高まりに伴い、工業排気及び排水等工業レベルでの低濃度有害物質の除去だけでなく、日常生活の中に於ても悪臭除去の要求が増加している。そして、従来このような低濃度有害物の除去には、特に日常生活に於ける悪臭除去材としては一般的に活性炭やシリカ、アルミナ、及び金属酸化物等の複合化された無機吸着剤等が使用されている。このような吸着剤は粉体のまま使用したり、特開昭49−16056号公報のようにシート状に加工して使用することが提案されている。
【0003】
ところが、このような吸着剤を用いた除去方法では、吸着剤に有害物が吸着されるに従い、次第に吸収能力が低下して行く。そこで、実用的吸着能力を喪失した場合には、吸着材を取り替える必要があった。またそれがため、吸着能力が有効に働く期間を見極める必要があるなど、使用上の数々の問題点があった。
【0004】
これに対し、近年光触媒を用いた有害物の除去方法が注目を集めている。特開昭61−135669号公報には、酸化亜鉛等の光反応性半導体に紫外光を照射して、悪臭物質である硫黄化合物を分解する方法が開示されている。また、特公平2−62297号公報には、酸化チタンと活性炭混合物により低濃度窒素酸化物を除去する方法が開示されている。酸化チタンや酸化亜鉛等の光反応性半導体による悪臭物質の分解は、これらの活性線励起による接触悪臭物質の光触媒的酸化作用によるため、光反応性半導体は悪臭物質の分解で消費及び劣化を被らず、その能力は光曝露されている限り基本的に低下しないため、吸着剤のみを使用する場合に比べて大きな利点を有する。
【0005】
これら光反応性半導体による分解能は、分解しようとする有害物質との接触の機会が多い程向上するから、最も効果的使用形態は有害物質との接触する反応面積の減ずることのない粉体の状態で使用することである。しかしながら、実際には粉体を粉体のまま使用する訳にはゆかず、これを取り扱うためには何らかの加工が必要である。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の課題は、酸化チタンの光触媒的分解作用を利用し、酸化チタンを高効率で強固に保持した光反応性有害物除去能力を有する酸化チタン含有有害物除去材を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは上記課題を解決すべく鋭意検討した。その結果、少なくとも酸化チタン及びフィブリル化された微細繊維を水中にて凝集させて凝集体水分散液とし、更に支持体形成成分を加え混合した後に湿式抄造法でシート化すること、あるいは、該凝集体水分散液を支持体に塗設することにより、酸化チタンを高効率で強固に保持できることを見い出した。本発明はこれらの知見をもとに達成されたものである。
【0008】
即ち、本発明は少なくとも酸化チタン、フィブリル化された微細繊維、及び支持体形成成分からなる酸化チタン含有有害物除去材の製造方法であって、酸化チタン及び微細繊維を水中にて凝集させ、凝集体水分散液とし、更に支持体形成成分を混合した後、湿式抄造法にてシート化することを特徴とする酸化チタン含有有害物除去材の製造方法である。
【0009】
また、本発明は、少なくとも酸化チタン及びフィブリル化された微細繊維を支持体に塗設する酸化チタン含有有害物除去材の製造方法であって、酸化チタン及び微細繊維を水中にて凝集させ、凝集体水分散液とし、該凝集体水分散液を支持体に塗設することを特徴とする酸化チタン含有有害物除去材の製造方法である。
【0010】
以下に本発明の酸化チタン含有有害物除去材の製造方法及び酸化チタン含有有害物除去材に係わる構成要素を詳細に説明する。本発明に係わる酸化チタン含有有害物除去材は、少なくとも酸化チタン、フィブリル化された微細繊維、及び支持体形成成分によって構成される。
【0011】
本発明に係わる酸化チタンとしては、従来汎用の酸化チタン顔料の他、含水酸化チタン、水和酸化チタン、メタチタン酸、オルトチタン酸、及び水酸化チタンと呼称されているチタン酸化物、及びチタン水酸化物等が利用できる。
【0012】
本発明の製造方法で使用するこれら酸化チタンは種々の方法で製造できる。即ち、硫酸チタニル、塩化チタン、及び有機チタン化合物等を必要に応じて核形成用種子の共存下に加水分解する方法(加水分解法)、必要に応じて核形成用種子を共存させながら、硫酸チタニル、塩化チタン、及び有機チタン化合物等にアルカリ剤を添加して中和する方法(中和法)、塩化チタン及び有機チタン化合物等を気相酸化する方法(気相酸化法)、更に上記加水分解法及び中和法で得られた酸化チタンを焼成する方法(焼成法)等が挙げられる。
【0013】
本発明の製造方法で得られた酸化チタン含有有害物除去材に含有される酸化チタンは、光を照射すると酸化チタン表面にフリーラジカルを生成する。有害物が酸化チタン表面に吸着している際に光を照射すると、生成したフリーラジカルが有害物をアタックし、分解する。このプロセスは「酸化チタン」(清野学著 技報堂出版)に記載されているとおり、酸化チタンの表面水酸基がフリーラジカルの生成点となっている。このため、酸化チタンに要求される性能としては光の吸収、電荷分離の他に、表面水酸基のフリーラジカルの生成、再生等の各種性能が求められる。これらのプロセスを充分に発揮させるのには、酸化チタンの比表面積を大きくし、フリーラジカルの生成点である表面水酸基を増加させることが効果的である。更に酸化チタンの比表面積を大きくすると、有害物との接触面積も増大することから、該有害物を分解、除去するためには、その比表面積が大きいほど効果的に行われる。本発明の製造方法で得られた酸化チタン含有有害物除去材に利用される酸化チタンの比表面積は50m/g以上が好ましい。また、このような比表面積を持つ酸化チタンの粒径は30nm以下が好ましく、更に好ましくは10nm以下である。粒子の状態は一次粒子の状態で含有されていてもよいし、凝集した粒子状態となっていても、有害物の除去性能には影響はない。
【0014】
しかし上記酸化チタンは自己皮膜形成性が乏しく、また本発明に好ましく用いられる比表面積の大きな酸化チタンは粒子径が小さくて、単に支持体形成成分と共に湿式で抄造したり、予め形成された支持体上に塗設しても、目的の酸化チタンは支持体から脱離し、有効な酸化チタン含有有害物除去材を製造し得ない。そこで本発明に係わる酸化チタン含有有害物除去材を製造するにあたり、酸化チタンの支持体への担持効率及び保持強度を向上させるため微細繊維を併用する。
【0015】
本発明に係わる微細繊維とは、その1本の繊維が部分的に、もしくは全体的に径1μm以下にフィブリル化された繊維である。本発明に係わる微細繊維は、以下の各種方法で得られる繊維等を挙げることができる。
1)合成高分子液をこの高分子に対し貧溶媒となる溶媒中に剪断力をかけながら流下させ、繊維状フィブリルを沈澱させる方法(フィブリッド法、特公昭35−11851号公報)。
2)合成モノマーを重合させながら剪断をかけフィブリルを析出させる方法(重合剪断法、特公昭47−21898号公報)。
3)二種以上の非相溶性高分子を混合し、溶融押出しまたは紡糸し、切断後機械的な手段で繊維状にフィブリル化する方法(スブリット法、特公昭35−9651号公報)。
4)二種以上の非相溶性高分子を混合し、溶融押出しまたは紡糸し、切断後溶剤に浸漬して一方の高分子を溶解し、繊維状にフィブリル化する方法(ポリマーブレンド溶解法、米国特許第3,382,305号明細書)。
5)合成高分子を溶媒の沸点以上でかつ高圧側から低圧側へ爆発的に噴出させた後、繊維状にフィブリル化する方法(フラッシュ紡糸法、特公昭36−16460号公報)。
6)ポリエステル系高分子に該ポリエステルに非相溶のアルカリ可溶性成分をブレンドし、成形後アルカリにより減量加工後叩解し、繊維状にフィブリル化する方法(アルカリ減量叩解法、特開昭56−315号公報)。
7)セルロース繊維、ケブラー繊維等の高結晶性、高配向性繊維を適当な繊維長に切断後、水中に分散させ、ホモジナイザー、叩解機、サンドミル等を用いて、フィブリル化する方法(特開昭56−100801号、同59−92011号公報、米国特許第4,761,203号明細書)。
【0016】
本発明に係わる微細繊維の具体例としては、セルロース繊維を均質化装置でフィブリル化したもの(セリッシュKY−100S、ダイセル化学工業社製)、同じくケブラー繊維をフィブリル化したもの(セリッシュKY−400S、ダイセル化学工業社製)、アクリロニトリルホモポリマーから成るフィブリル繊維(カシミロンFCA、旭化成工業社製)をリファイナー等により叩解したもの、アルカリ減量叩解法によって得られたポリエステルパルプ等が挙げられる。
【0017】
本発明に係わる微細繊維としては、上記繊維の他にバクテリアセルロース離解物も使用できる。本発明で云うバクテリアセルロースとは、微生物により生産される、セルロース、セルロースを主鎖としたヘテロ多糖を含むもの、及びβ−1,3、β−1,2等のグルカンを含むものであり、バクテリアセルロース離解物はこれらを機械的に解繊して得られるもので、これらの詳細は特公平6−72394号公報等に記載されているものが利用できる。
【0018】
酸化チタンに対する微細繊維の使用量は、酸化チタン100重量部に対し1から30重量部程度が好ましく、更には2から10重量部程度が好適である。1重量部より少ないと酸化チタンの担持力が弱くなる。微細繊維は、上述したように酸化チタンを除去材マトリクスに保持させる効果を有し、使用量を増加させれば保持性が向上するが、30重量部を越えるような量を使用すると酸化チタン含有有害物除去材の製造過程で問題が生じる。
【0019】
例えば、湿式抄造法にてシート化する場合、ウェブの保水が高くなるため、ワイヤーからの脱水が困難になったり、乾燥に多大なエネルギーを必要とする。また、凝集体水分散液を支持体に塗設する場合も、保水が高くなるため、やはり、乾燥に多大なエネルギーを必要とするため好ましくない。
【0020】
酸化チタンと微細繊維との凝集体水分散液を形成させるには、単に混合するだけでもよいが、適当な凝集剤を用い、該凝集体水分散液を調整することができる。
【0021】
本発明に用いられる凝集剤としては、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化リシウム、水酸化亜鉛、水酸化アルミニウム、水酸化バリウム、及び水酸化マグネシウム等の塩基性の金属水酸化物、アルミナ、シリカ、及びジルコニア等の無機含水酸化物、硫酸アルミニウム、ポリ塩化アルミニウム、アニオンまたはカチオン変性ポリアクリルアミド、アクリル酸またはメタクリル酸含有共重合物、アルギン酸及びポリビニルリン酸及びそれらのアルカリ性塩、アンモニア、ジエチルアミン及びエチレンジアミン等のアルキルアミン、エタノールアミン等のアルカノールアミン、ピリジン、モルホリン、含アクリロイルモルホリン重合物等が挙げられる。
【0022】
これらの凝集剤は、予め酸化チタンと微細繊維とを混合した中に撹拌しながら添加してもよいし、酸化チタン分散液に凝集剤を添加して予め酸化チタンを凝集させた後、更に微細繊維を加え、凝集体を形成させてもよい。これにより凝集体水分散液が形成される。形成された凝集体の大きさにより、酸化チタン含有有害物除去材内で保持される度合、酸化チタン含有有害物除去材の均一性、及び加工性に影響を与えるため、用いる凝集剤により、添加量、方法を適宜検討する必要がある。
【0023】
次に本発明に係わる支持体形成成分について説明する。支持体形成成分とは、凝集体水分散液をシート化し、酸化チタン含有有害物除去材としたとき、その形態を保持するために必要な成分である。支持体形成成分としては繊維状のものが好ましい。その断面形状も特に制限はなく、円形のみならず楕円形、三角形、星型、T型、Y型、及び葉状等のいわゆる異型断面形状のものでもよい。更に繊維表面に空隙を持つもの、枝分かれした構造、及び芯鞘構造を有するものも使用できる。更に、支持体形成成分同士、支持体形成成分と凝集体と接着性を持つものも好ましい支持体形成成分である。
【0024】
支持体形成成分を構成するものとしては、オレフィン系樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂、ポリ酢酸ビニル樹脂、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体樹脂、ポリアミド系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニリデン樹脂、ポリビニルエーテル樹脂、ポリビニルケトン樹脂、ポリエーテル樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂、ジエン系樹脂、及びポリウレタン系樹脂等の熱可塑性合成樹脂、フェノール樹脂、メラミン樹脂、フラン樹脂、尿素樹脂、アニリン樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、アルキド樹脂、及びエポキシ樹脂等の熱硬化性合成樹脂の少なくとも1種類以上の樹脂からなる繊維が挙げられる。これらの繊維を少なくとも1種類以上用いることができる。
【0025】
更に、酸化チタン含有有害物除去材の強度を向上させるため、上記支持体形成成分の他に、木材パルプ、楮、ミツマタ、藁、ケナフ、竹、リンター、バガス、及びエスパルト等の植物繊維、フィブリル化した繊維を用いてもよい。
【0026】
更に、レーヨン等の再生繊維、アセテート等の半合成繊維、フッ素系繊維、シリコーン系繊維、ステンレスウール等の金属繊維、炭素繊維、セラミック繊維、及び各種ガラス繊維等を少量混合してもよい。しかしながら、これらの混合により酸化チタン含有有害物除去材の性能を阻害する範囲であってはならないのは言うまでもない。
【0027】
凝集体水分散液に、前記の支持体形成成分を混合した後、湿式抄造法にてシート化し、乾燥することで酸化チタン含有有害物除去材を得ることができる。
【0028】
また、本発明の製造方法としては、前記の凝集体水分散液を支持体上に塗設する方法にて酸化チタン含有有害物除去材を得ることができる。
【0029】
支持体とは、シート状のものであれば特に制限はなく、一例を挙げると、不織布状のもの、フィルム状のものが挙げられる。
【0030】
また、支持体への塗設の方法としては、凝集体水分散液への支持体の浸漬による含浸、コーターによる塗布が好ましい。本発明に係る含浸、及び塗布の方法として、コンベンショナルサイズプレス、ゲートロールサイズプレス、及びフィルムトランファー方式のサイズプレス等や、ロールコーター、エアドクターコーター、ロッド(バー)コーター、ブレードコーター、スプレーコーター、及びカーテンコーターを用いた方法等が挙げられる。
【0031】
塗設するに際しては、特開平1−111100号公報等に記載のグロー放電処理、火焔処理、プラズマ処理、電子線照射処理、紫外線照射処理、及びオゾン処理等により、支持体表面を処理した後に塗設することも好ましい方法である。また、塗設は支持体の一方の面だけでも差支えない。更に、凝集体水分散液に支持体形成成分を混合したものを用いてもよい。
【0032】
以上のようにして製造された酸化チタン含有有害物除去材は、更に他の不織布や、熱可塑性樹脂、セラミック、及び金属等のフィルムまたはシート等と積層して、複合材としても利用できる。
【0033】
【作用】
本発明は、少なくとも酸化チタン、微細繊維、及び支持体形成成分からなり、活性光を照射すると、空気中や水中の有害物を分解、除去することができる酸化チタン含有有害物除去材の製造方法である。該酸化チタン含有有害物除去材は、酸化チタンと微細繊維が凝集することによって接触しているので、その有効な表面を大きく減ずることなく使用できる。更に支持体上に均一に分散されており、光に対しても均一な反応が期待でき、その有害物の除去力を発揮することができる。また、酸化チタンは微細繊維を介して強固に保持されている。
【0034】
このような酸化チタン含有有害物除去材は、個人で適度な大きさに切断し、有害物質を除去したい場所に置き、太陽光や蛍光灯に曝露するだけで容易に有害物質を除去することができるため、悪臭の程度や設置場所に応じて手軽に効率よく使用できる。
【0035】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により更に本発明を詳細に説明するが、本発明はその主旨を越えない限りこれらに限定されるものではない。
【0036】
実施例1
酸化チタン(石原産業社製;ST−31)20重量部及び微細繊維(ダイセル化学工業社製;セリッシュKY−100S)2重量部とを水中に投入し、ミキサーで混合した後硫酸アルミニウム0.2重量部を加え、酸化チタンと微細繊維よりなる凝集体水分散液Aを作製した。
【0037】
支持体形成成分として、0.5デニール×5mmのポリエステル繊維(帝人社製;テピルス)と2デニール×5mmの芯鞘構造を有する低融点熱融着性ポリエステル繊維(ユニチカ社製;メルティー#4080)とを等重量づつ水に添加して撹拌し、均一に分散させ、支持体形成成分分散液Bとした。
【0038】
酸化チタン対支持体形成成分が固形分重量比で2対8になるように分散液A及び分散液Bを混合し、全固形分が0.2重量%となるように水を加えて調整した後、超高分子アニオン変性ポリアクリルアミドの0.1%溶液を添加して増粘させ、円網抄紙機によりウェブ化し、120℃で乾燥し、目付け量100g/mの酸化チタン含有有害物除去材(1)を作製した。
【0039】
この酸化チタン含有有害物除去材(1)を12cm×20cmの大きさに裁断し、5.6リットルの密閉できる二つの容器に入れ、一方に6Wのブラックランプを約5cmの距離から照射できるようにした。これらの容器にアセトアルデヒドの高濃度ガスを注入して容器内のアセトアルデヒド濃度を15ppmとなるように調整した後、30分後の濃度をFID検出器の付いたガスクロマトグラフィーで測定した。その結果、光を照射した方の濃度は1ppmとなったが、光を照射しなかった方は14ppmであった。
【0040】
実施例2
酸化チタン(日本アエロジル社製;P25S6)20重量部と微細繊維(ダイセル製;セリッシュKY−400S)2重量部を水中に投入し、ミキサーで混合した後ポリ塩化アルミニウム0.2重量部を加え、凝集体分散液Cを作製した。実施例1と同様の比率で分散液C及び分散液Bを混合し、実施例1と同様の方法で目付け量100g/mの酸化チタン含有有害物除去材(2)を作製した。
【0041】
この酸化チタン含有有害物除去材(2)について実施例1と同様にその除去能力を測定したところ、光を照射した方は1ppm、光を照射しなかった方は14ppmであった。
【0042】
実施例3
0.5デニール×5mmのポリエステル繊維(帝人社製;テピルス)60重量部、2デニール×5mmの芯鞘構造を有する低融点熱融着性ポリエステル繊維(ユニチカ社製;メルティー#4080)30重量部、及び針葉樹硫酸塩漂白パルプ10重量部を用い、円網抄紙機にて目付け量80g/mの支持体(3)を作製した。一方、メタチタン酸(トーケムプロダクツ社製)を濃塩酸中で解膠し、濃度20重量%、pH=1のゾルを作製した。このゾル10重量部に微細繊維(ダイセル社製;セリッシュKY−100S)2重量部を加えた後、更に水酸化ナトリウムにより分散液のpHを6に上昇させて酸化チタン凝集体分散液Dを作製した。この分散液Dを支持体(3)に酸化チタン分が20g/mになるように含浸担持させ、目付け量100g/mの酸化チタン含有有害物除去材(3)を得た。
【0043】
この酸化チタン含有有害物除去材(3)を、実施例1と同様にその除去能力を測定した。その結果、光照射した方は2ppm、光を照射しなかった方は14ppmであった。
【0044】
比較例1
酸化チタン(石原産業社製;ST−31)20重量部を水中に投入し、ミキサーにて混合し、更に実施例1で作製した分散液Bと混合した。この混合分散液に超高分子アニオン変性ポリアクリルアミド0.1%溶液を添加し、増粘させた後に抄造したところ、酸化チタン含有有害物除去材(4)は得られたが、酸化チタン含有有害物質除去材(4)抄造時に大量の酸化チタンが回収液中に漏散し、回収液は白濁した。また、酸化チタンが除去材(4)に保持されないため、抄造された酸化チタン含有有害物質除去材(4)の目付け量は82g/mであった。
【0045】
このシートのアセトアルデヒドの除去能力を測定したところ、光を照射した方は10ppm、光を照射しかった方では14ppmであった。この酸化チタン含有有害物質除去材(4)では光に除去能力が低い上に、回収液から換算された漏散した酸化チタン量は調製した量の90%を越え、酸化チタン含有有害物除去材の製造方法としては適さないものであった。
【0046】
【発明の効果】
以上の結果から、本発明の酸化チタン含有有害物除去材の製造方法によって、酸化チタンを高効率に担持する酸化チタン含有有害物除去材を製造することができ、該酸化チタン含有有害物質除去材は光を照射することによって、悪臭等の空気中の有害物質を高効率で低濃度化することができる。
[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a method for producing a titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material that can decompose harmful substances by utilizing a photocatalytic reaction of titanium oxide. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing a titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material in which titanium oxide capable of decomposing harmful substances is firmly and efficiently held on a support.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, with increasing interest in environmental issues, there has been an increasing demand for not only the removal of low-concentration harmful substances at the industrial level such as industrial exhaust and wastewater, but also the removal of offensive odors in daily life. Conventionally, in order to remove such low-concentration harmful substances, activated carbon, silica, alumina, and composite inorganic adsorbents such as metal oxides and the like are generally used as the odor removing material in daily life. It is used. It has been proposed to use such an adsorbent as powder or to process it into a sheet as disclosed in JP-A-49-16056.
[0003]
However, in the removal method using such an adsorbent, as the harmful substance is adsorbed on the adsorbent, the absorption capacity gradually decreases. Therefore, when the practical adsorption capacity is lost, it is necessary to replace the adsorbent. In addition, there are many problems in use, such as the need to determine the period during which the adsorption capacity works effectively.
[0004]
On the other hand, in recent years, a method for removing harmful substances using a photocatalyst has attracted attention. JP-A-61-135669 discloses a method in which a photoreactive semiconductor such as zinc oxide is irradiated with ultraviolet light to decompose a sulfur compound which is a malodorous substance. Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-62297 discloses a method for removing low-concentration nitrogen oxides by using a mixture of titanium oxide and activated carbon. Decomposition of malodorous substances by photoreactive semiconductors such as titanium oxide and zinc oxide is due to the photocatalytic oxidation of contact malodorous substances by excitation of these active rays, so that photoreactive semiconductors are consumed and degraded by decomposition of malodorous substances. However, since its ability does not basically decrease as long as it is exposed to light, it has a great advantage as compared with the case where only the adsorbent is used.
[0005]
Since the resolution by these photoreactive semiconductors increases as the chance of contact with the harmful substances to be decomposed increases, the most effective use form is the state of the powder that does not reduce the reaction area in contact with the harmful substances Is to use it. However, in practice, powder cannot be used as it is, and some processing is required to handle it.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material having a photoreactive harmful substance removing ability in which titanium oxide is strongly and efficiently retained by utilizing the photocatalytic decomposition action of titanium oxide.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have intensively studied to solve the above problems. As a result, at least the titanium oxide and the fibrillated fine fibers are agglomerated in water to form an aqueous dispersion of agglomerates. Further, a support-forming component is added and mixed, and then a sheet is formed by a wet papermaking method. It has been found that the titanium oxide can be firmly held with high efficiency by applying the aggregated aqueous dispersion to the support. The present invention has been achieved based on these findings.
[0008]
That is, the present invention is a method for producing a titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material comprising at least titanium oxide, fibrillated fine fibers, and a support-forming component. A method for producing a titanium oxide-containing harmful substance-removing material, which comprises forming an aggregate aqueous dispersion, further mixing a support-forming component, and forming a sheet by a wet papermaking method.
[0009]
Further, the present invention is a method for producing a titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material in which at least titanium oxide and fibrillated fine fibers are coated on a support, wherein the titanium oxide and the fine fibers are agglomerated in water, A method for producing a titanium oxide-containing harmful substance-removing material, characterized in that an aggregate water dispersion is used and the aggregate water dispersion is applied to a support.
[0010]
Hereinafter, a method for producing the titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material of the present invention and components relating to the titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material will be described in detail. The titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material according to the present invention comprises at least titanium oxide, fibrillated fine fibers, and a support-forming component.
[0011]
Examples of the titanium oxide according to the present invention include, in addition to conventional titanium oxide pigments, titanium oxide containing titanium oxide, hydrated titanium oxide, hydrated titanium oxide, metatitanic acid, orthotitanic acid, and titanium hydroxide. Oxides and the like can be used.
[0012]
These titanium oxides used in the production method of the present invention can be produced by various methods. That is, a method of hydrolyzing titanyl sulfate, titanium chloride, an organic titanium compound, and the like in the presence of seeds for nucleation as necessary (hydrolysis method). A method of adding an alkali agent to titanyl, titanium chloride, an organic titanium compound, etc. to neutralize the mixture (neutralization method), a method of vapor-phase oxidation of titanium chloride, an organic titanium compound, etc. (gas phase oxidation method), A method of firing the titanium oxide obtained by the decomposition method and the neutralization method (a firing method), and the like can be given.
[0013]
The titanium oxide contained in the titanium oxide-containing hazardous material removing material obtained by the production method of the present invention generates free radicals on the surface of the titanium oxide when irradiated with light. When light is irradiated while the harmful substance is adsorbed on the titanium oxide surface, the generated free radicals attack the harmful substance and decompose. In this process, as described in "Titanium oxide" (by Gaku Kiyono, published by Gihodo), the hydroxyl groups on the surface of titanium oxide are the generation points of free radicals. Therefore, the performance required for titanium oxide is not only light absorption and charge separation, but also various performances such as generation and regeneration of free radicals of surface hydroxyl groups. In order to sufficiently exhibit these processes, it is effective to increase the specific surface area of titanium oxide and increase the number of surface hydroxyl groups, which are free radical generation points. If the specific surface area of titanium oxide is further increased, the contact area with the harmful substance also increases. Therefore, in order to decompose and remove the harmful substance, the larger the specific surface area is, the more effective it is. The specific surface area of the titanium oxide used for the titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material obtained by the production method of the present invention is preferably 50 m 2 / g or more. The particle size of titanium oxide having such a specific surface area is preferably 30 nm or less, more preferably 10 nm or less. The state of the particles may be contained in the state of primary particles, or the state of agglomerated particles does not affect the performance of removing harmful substances.
[0014]
However, the titanium oxide has a poor self-film-forming property, and the titanium oxide having a large specific surface area, which is preferably used in the present invention, has a small particle size. Even if it is coated thereon, the target titanium oxide is detached from the support, and an effective titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material cannot be produced. Therefore, in producing the titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material according to the present invention, fine fibers are used in combination in order to improve the holding efficiency and the holding strength of the titanium oxide on the support.
[0015]
The fine fiber according to the present invention is a fiber in which one fiber is partially or entirely fibrillated to a diameter of 1 μm or less. Examples of the fine fibers according to the present invention include fibers obtained by the following various methods.
1) A method in which a synthetic polymer solution is allowed to flow down in a solvent which is a poor solvent for the polymer while applying a shearing force to precipitate fibrous fibrils (Fibrid method, Japanese Patent Publication No. 35-11851).
2) A method in which fibrils are precipitated by shearing while polymerizing a synthetic monomer (polymerization shearing method, Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-21898).
3) A method in which two or more incompatible polymers are mixed, melt-extruded or spun, cut, and fibrillated into a fibrous form by mechanical means (a split method, Japanese Patent Publication No. 35-9651).
4) A method in which two or more incompatible polymers are mixed, melt-extruded or spun, cut, and immersed in a solvent to dissolve one of the polymers and fibrillate into a fibrous form (polymer blend dissolution method, US Patent No. 3,382,305).
5) A method in which the synthetic polymer is explosively ejected from the high pressure side to the low pressure side at a temperature higher than the boiling point of the solvent and then fibrillated into a fibrous form (flash spinning method, Japanese Patent Publication No. 36-16460).
6) A method in which an alkali-soluble component incompatible with the polyester is blended with a polyester polymer, molded, reduced with an alkali, beaten, and fibrillated into a fibrous form (alkali weight-reducing beating method, JP-A-56-315). Publication).
7) A method of cutting highly crystalline and highly oriented fibers such as cellulose fibers and Kevlar fibers into appropriate fiber lengths, dispersing them in water, and fibrillating them using a homogenizer, a beater, a sand mill, or the like (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Nos. 56-100801 and 59-92011, and U.S. Pat. No. 4,761,203).
[0016]
Specific examples of the fine fibers according to the present invention include those obtained by fibrillating cellulose fibers with a homogenizer (Selish KY-100S, manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and those obtained by fibrillating Kevlar fibers (Selish KY-400S, Examples thereof include those obtained by beating fibril fibers (Cashmilon FCA, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.) composed of acrylonitrile homopolymer with a refiner or the like, and polyester pulp obtained by an alkali weight reduction beating method.
[0017]
As the fine fibers according to the present invention, bacterial cellulose disintegration products can be used in addition to the above fibers. Bacterial cellulose referred to in the present invention includes cellulose produced by microorganisms, containing cellulose, heteropolysaccharide having cellulose as a main chain, and containing glucans such as β-1,3, β-1,2 and the like, Bacterial cellulose deflocculates are obtained by mechanically defibrating them, and the details thereof described in JP-B-6-72394 can be used.
[0018]
The amount of the fine fibers to be used with respect to titanium oxide is preferably about 1 to 30 parts by weight, and more preferably about 2 to 10 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of titanium oxide. If the amount is less than 1 part by weight, the supporting force of titanium oxide becomes weak. As described above, the fine fibers have an effect of retaining titanium oxide in the matrix of the removing material, and the retention is improved by increasing the use amount. However, when the amount exceeds 30 parts by weight, the titanium oxide content is reduced. A problem arises in the manufacturing process of the harmful substance removing material.
[0019]
For example, in the case of forming a sheet by a wet papermaking method, the water retention of the web becomes high, so that dehydration from the wire becomes difficult or a large amount of energy is required for drying. Also, when the aqueous dispersion of the aggregates is applied to the support, the water retention becomes high, so that too much energy is required for drying, which is not preferable.
[0020]
In order to form an aqueous dispersion of aggregates of titanium oxide and fine fibers, the aqueous dispersion of aggregates can be prepared by simply mixing, but an appropriate aggregate can be used to prepare the aqueous dispersion of aggregates.
[0021]
As the coagulant used in the present invention, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lysium hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, barium hydroxide, and basic metal hydroxides such as magnesium hydroxide, alumina, Silica, and inorganic hydrated oxides such as zirconia, aluminum sulfate, polyaluminum chloride, anionic or cationically modified polyacrylamide, copolymers containing acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, alginic acid and polyvinylphosphoric acid and their alkaline salts, ammonia, diethylamine and Examples thereof include alkylamines such as ethylenediamine, alkanolamines such as ethanolamine, pyridine, morpholine, and acryloyl-containing morpholine polymers.
[0022]
These coagulants may be added with stirring while previously mixing the titanium oxide and the fine fibers, or the coagulant is added to the titanium oxide dispersion liquid to coagulate the titanium oxide in advance, and then finely divided. Fibers may be added to form aggregates. As a result, an aggregate aqueous dispersion is formed. Depending on the size of the formed aggregate, the degree of retention in the titanium oxide-containing hazardous material removing material, the uniformity of the titanium oxide-containing hazardous material removing material, and the processability are affected. It is necessary to consider the amount and method appropriately.
[0023]
Next, the support-forming component according to the present invention will be described. The support-forming component is a component necessary for maintaining the form when the aqueous dispersion of the aggregate is formed into a sheet and used as a titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material. The support-forming component is preferably a fibrous material. The cross-sectional shape is not particularly limited, and may be a so-called irregular cross-sectional shape such as an elliptical shape, a triangular shape, a star shape, a T shape, a Y shape, and a leaf shape. Further, those having a void on the fiber surface, those having a branched structure, and those having a core-sheath structure can also be used. Further, those having an adhesive property between the support forming components and between the support forming component and the aggregate are also preferable support forming components.
[0024]
The constituents of the support-forming component include an olefin resin, a polyester resin, a polyvinyl acetate resin, an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin, a polyamide resin, an acrylic resin, a polyvinyl chloride resin, a polyvinylidene chloride resin, Thermoplastic synthetic resins such as polyvinyl ether resin, polyvinyl ketone resin, polyether resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, diene resin, and polyurethane resin, phenol resin, melamine resin, furan resin, urea resin, aniline resin, unsaturated polyester Examples of the fiber include a resin, an alkyd resin, and a fiber made of at least one kind of thermosetting synthetic resin such as an epoxy resin. At least one kind of these fibers can be used.
[0025]
Furthermore, in order to improve the strength of the titanium oxide-containing harmful substance-removing material, in addition to the above-mentioned support-forming components, plant fibers such as wood pulp, mulberry, mitsumata, straw, kenaf, bamboo, linter, bagasse, and espart, fibrils Fibers may be used.
[0026]
Further, a small amount of regenerated fiber such as rayon, semi-synthetic fiber such as acetate, fluorine-based fiber, silicone-based fiber, metal fiber such as stainless steel wool, carbon fiber, ceramic fiber, and various glass fibers may be mixed. However, it is needless to say that the mixing thereof should not be in a range that impairs the performance of the harmful substance removing material containing titanium oxide.
[0027]
After mixing the above-mentioned support-forming component with the aqueous dispersion of aggregates, the mixture is formed into a sheet by a wet papermaking method, and dried to obtain a titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material.
[0028]
Further, as the production method of the present invention, a titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material can be obtained by applying the above-mentioned aqueous dispersion of aggregates onto a support.
[0029]
The support is not particularly limited as long as it is a sheet, and examples thereof include a nonwoven fabric and a film.
[0030]
As a method of coating the support, impregnation by dipping the support in an aqueous dispersion of aggregates, and coating with a coater are preferable. As a method of impregnation and coating according to the present invention, there are a conventional size press, a gate roll size press, a size transfer of a film transfer system, a roll coater, an air doctor coater, a rod (bar) coater, a blade coater, and a spray coater. And a method using a curtain coater.
[0031]
The coating is performed after the surface of the support is treated by glow discharge treatment, flame treatment, plasma treatment, electron beam irradiation treatment, ultraviolet irradiation treatment, ozone treatment, etc. described in JP-A-1-111100. Is also a preferred method. The coating may be performed on only one surface of the support. Further, a mixture of a water-in-aggregate dispersion and a support-forming component may be used.
[0032]
The titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material manufactured as described above can be further used as a composite material by laminating it with another nonwoven fabric, a film or sheet of thermoplastic resin, ceramic, metal, or the like.
[0033]
[Action]
The present invention provides a method for producing a titanium oxide-containing harmful substance-removing material comprising at least titanium oxide, fine fibers, and a support-forming component, and capable of decomposing and removing harmful substances in air and water when irradiated with active light. It is. Since the titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material is in contact with the titanium oxide by agglomeration of the fine fibers, it can be used without significantly reducing its effective surface. Furthermore, it is uniformly dispersed on the support, and a uniform reaction can be expected with respect to light, and the harmful substances can be removed. Further, the titanium oxide is firmly held through the fine fibers.
[0034]
Such a titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material can be cut into an appropriate size by an individual, placed in a place where harmful substances are to be removed, and easily removed by simply exposing it to sunlight or fluorescent light. Since it can be used, it can be used easily and efficiently according to the degree of foul odor and the installation location.
[0035]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto without departing from the gist thereof.
[0036]
Example 1
20 parts by weight of titanium oxide (manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd .; ST-31) and 2 parts by weight of fine fibers (manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd .; Serish KY-100S) are put into water, mixed with a mixer, and then mixed with aluminum sulfate 0.2 By weight, an aggregate aqueous dispersion A comprising titanium oxide and fine fibers was prepared.
[0037]
As the support-forming component, 0.5 denier × 5 mm polyester fiber (manufactured by Teijin Limited; Tepils) and 2 denier × 5 mm low melting point heat-fusible polyester fiber having a core-sheath structure (manufactured by Unitika Ltd .; Melty # 4080) Was added to water in equal parts by weight, and the mixture was stirred and uniformly dispersed to obtain a support-forming component dispersion B.
[0038]
The dispersion A and the dispersion B were mixed such that the weight ratio of the titanium oxide to the support-forming component was 2 to 8 in terms of solid content, and water was added so that the total solid content was 0.2% by weight. Thereafter, a 0.1% solution of ultra-high molecular weight anion-modified polyacrylamide is added to increase the viscosity, web-formed by a round paper machine, dried at 120 ° C., and a titanium oxide-containing harmful substance having a basis weight of 100 g / m 2 is removed. Material (1) was produced.
[0039]
This titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material (1) is cut into a size of 12 cm × 20 cm, placed in two 5.6 liter airtight containers, and irradiated with a 6 W black lamp from a distance of about 5 cm to one of them. I made it. A high concentration gas of acetaldehyde was injected into these containers to adjust the concentration of acetaldehyde in the containers to 15 ppm, and the concentration 30 minutes later was measured by gas chromatography equipped with an FID detector. As a result, the concentration of the sample irradiated with light was 1 ppm, but the concentration of the sample not irradiated was 14 ppm.
[0040]
Example 2
20 parts by weight of titanium oxide (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd .; P25S6) and 2 parts by weight of fine fibers (manufactured by Daicel; Selish KY-400S) are put into water, mixed with a mixer, and then 0.2 parts by weight of polyaluminum chloride is added. Aggregate dispersion liquid C was prepared. The dispersion liquid C and the dispersion liquid B were mixed at the same ratio as in Example 1, and a titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material (2) having a basis weight of 100 g / m 2 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0041]
The removal ability of this titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material (2) was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, it was 1 ppm for light irradiation and 14 ppm for no light irradiation.
[0042]
Example 3
60 parts by weight of 0.5 denier x 5 mm polyester fiber (manufactured by Teijin; Tepils) 30 parts by weight of low melting point heat-fusible polyester fiber having a core and sheath structure of 2 denier x 5 mm (manufactured by Unitika Ltd .; Melty # 4080) And a softwood sulfate bleached pulp (10 parts by weight) was used to prepare a support (3) having a basis weight of 80 g / m 2 using a round paper machine. On the other hand, metatitanic acid (manufactured by Tochem Products) was peptized in concentrated hydrochloric acid to prepare a sol having a concentration of 20% by weight and a pH = 1. After adding 2 parts by weight of fine fiber (manufactured by Daicel Corp .; Celish KY-100S) to 10 parts by weight of this sol, the pH of the dispersion is further raised to 6 with sodium hydroxide to prepare a titanium oxide aggregate dispersion D. did. This dispersion D was impregnated and supported on the support (3) so that the titanium oxide content was 20 g / m 2 , thereby obtaining a titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material (3) having a basis weight of 100 g / m 2 .
[0043]
The removal ability of this titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material (3) was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the light irradiation was 2 ppm, and the light irradiation was 14 ppm.
[0044]
Comparative Example 1
20 parts by weight of titanium oxide (manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd .; ST-31) was put into water, mixed with a mixer, and further mixed with the dispersion B prepared in Example 1. A 0.1% solution of an ultra-high molecular weight anion-modified polyacrylamide was added to this mixed dispersion, and the mixture was thickened and then paper-made. As a result, a harmful substance removing material containing titanium oxide (4) was obtained. A large amount of titanium oxide leaked into the recovery liquid during the material removal material (4) papermaking, and the recovery liquid became cloudy. In addition, since the titanium oxide was not held by the removing material (4), the basis weight of the paper-made harmful substance removing material containing titanium oxide (4) was 82 g / m 2 .
[0045]
When the ability of this sheet to remove acetaldehyde was measured, it was 10 ppm for light irradiation and 14 ppm for light irradiation. This titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material (4) has a low light-removing ability, and the amount of titanium oxide leaked from the recovered liquid exceeds 90% of the prepared amount. It was not suitable as a method for producing.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
From the above results, by the method for producing a titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material of the present invention, a titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material that supports titanium oxide with high efficiency can be produced. By irradiating light, harmful substances in the air, such as bad smells, can be reduced in concentration with high efficiency.

Claims (2)

少なくとも酸化チタン、フィブリル化された微細繊維、及び支持体形成成分からなる酸化チタン含有有害物除去材の製造方法であって、酸化チタン及び微細繊維を水中にて凝集させ、凝集体水分散液とし、更に支持体形成成分を混合した後、湿式抄造法にてシート化することを特徴とする酸化チタン含有有害物除去材の製造方法。A method for producing a titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material comprising at least titanium oxide, fibrillated fine fibers , and a support-forming component, wherein the titanium oxide and the fine fibers are aggregated in water to form an aggregate aqueous dispersion. A method for producing a titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material, further comprising mixing a support-forming component and forming a sheet by a wet papermaking method. 少なくとも酸化チタン及びフィブリル化された微細繊維を支持体に塗設する酸化チタン含有有害物除去材の製造方法であって、酸化チタン及び微細繊維を水中にて凝集させ、凝集体水分散液とし、該凝集体水分散液を支持体に塗設することを特徴とする酸化チタン含有有害物除去材の製造方法。A method for producing a titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material in which at least titanium oxide and fibrillated fine fibers are coated on a support, wherein the titanium oxide and the fine fibers are agglomerated in water to form an aggregate aqueous dispersion, A method for producing a titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material, comprising applying the aqueous dispersion of an aggregate to a support.
JP07289295A 1995-03-30 1995-03-30 Method for producing titanium oxide-containing harmful substance removing material Expired - Lifetime JP3571103B2 (en)

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JP3545145B2 (en) * 1996-11-29 2004-07-21 三菱製紙株式会社 Deodorant antibacterial sheet
JP3558807B2 (en) * 1997-01-21 2004-08-25 三菱製紙株式会社 Adsorption decomposition sheet
JP2008012432A (en) * 2006-07-05 2008-01-24 Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd Dispersion, sheet and humidity control sheet
CN113756135A (en) * 2021-08-25 2021-12-07 重庆纤维研究设计院股份有限公司 TiO 22Preparation method of photocatalyst filter paper

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