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JP3576753B2 - CFC decomposition system - Google Patents
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JP3576753B2 - CFC decomposition system - Google Patents

CFC decomposition system Download PDF

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JP3576753B2
JP3576753B2 JP15872197A JP15872197A JP3576753B2 JP 3576753 B2 JP3576753 B2 JP 3576753B2 JP 15872197 A JP15872197 A JP 15872197A JP 15872197 A JP15872197 A JP 15872197A JP 3576753 B2 JP3576753 B2 JP 3576753B2
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combustion chamber
exhaust gas
temperature
secondary combustion
decomposition
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JPH116612A (en
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喜秋 岡
光志 上出
彰男 鍛治
実 和田
宏明 磯田
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Hokkaido Prefecture
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Description

【0001】
【発明が属する技術分野】
本発明は、プラスチック、ビニール、化学製品、廃タイヤ等の産業廃棄物を焼却処理する既設の産業廃棄物処理設備を利用して有害廃棄物であるフロンを燃焼分解することにより無害化処理するフロンの分解処理システムに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
フロンは極めて安定した化合物であり、その取扱性や液化が容易である等の理由から、これまでに洗浄剤、冷媒等として各種の産業分野において多用されてきたが、地球環境保全の面からその無害化処理が、近年、大きく注目されてきている。ところで、このフロンの分解処理技術として、ロータリーキルン式やセメントキルン式による熱分解炉、或いはプラズマ炉等を用いた燃焼分解による処理方法が現在実用化に向けて開発されつつある。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし乍ら、上記した各処理方法を実施するためには大掛かりな処理設備が必要となることから、設備コストが嵩み、実用化に乏しく、設備コストが実用化に大きな障害になっているのが現状である。
【0004】
そこで、本願出願人はこの様な従来事情に鑑み、低コストにてフロンの分解処理ができないものか種々の研究を重ねてきた結果、既設の産業廃棄処理設備に着目し、本発明に至ったものであり、その目的とする処は、既設の産業廃棄処理設備の燃焼熱を利用してフロンを確実に燃焼させて分解処理することが可能で、しかも、ダイオキシン類の生成が抑制されるフロンの分解処理システムを提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を達成するための手段】
課題を達成するために本発明は、産業廃棄物を熱分解する一次燃焼室と、この一次燃焼室からの分解ガスを完全に燃焼させる二次燃焼室とを備える燃焼炉と、この燃焼炉の二次燃焼室からの排ガスの温度を急冷降下させると共に、該排ガス中に含まれている有害成分を中和して除去する排ガス処理装置とを備え、且つ、前記一次燃焼室と二次燃焼室との底部に夫々接続され、該一次燃焼室及び二次燃焼室へその底部から燃焼空気を送り込む送風装置の空気供給通路の少なくとも一方にフロン注入装置を具備し、前記排ガス処理装置に煙道を介して連絡する二次燃焼室の温度が設定温度範囲に達した時点で該二次燃焼室及び前記一次燃焼室のいずれか一方にその底部からフロンを燃焼空気と共に注入するようにし、上記排ガス処理装置は、二次燃焼室からの排ガスの温度を急冷降下させると共に、該排ガス中に含まれている有害成分を中和するするアルカリ洗浄液をシャワー状及び旋回流状に噴射する洗浄液噴射塔と、この洗浄液噴射塔からの排ガス中から中和処理され且つ液化された液分を分離して除去する液分離装置と、この液分離装置からの排ガスを煙突から大気中に誘引放出する誘引装置と、前記洗浄水噴射塔に接続され、該洗浄液噴射塔内へ前記アルカリ洗浄液を圧送する洗浄液槽とを備え、前記洗浄液噴射塔はアルカリ洗浄水をシャワー状に噴射する第1噴射器と、該アルカリ洗浄水を旋回流状に噴射する第2噴射器とを備えて、二次燃焼室からの排ガスにアルカリ洗浄水を第1噴射器にてシャワー状、第2噴射器にて旋回流状に噴射せしめて、該排ガスの温度を急冷降下すると共に、該排ガス中に含まれている有害成分を中和し、その中和された液分を液分離装置にて排ガス中から分離除去せしめた後に、該排ガスを誘引装置により煙突から大気中に排気放出するようにしたことを特徴とする。
ここで、産業廃棄物とは、プラスチック、ビニール、化学製品、廃タイヤ等が例示できる。
また、これらの産業廃棄物を燃焼させて熱分解する一次燃焼室での燃焼温度は、産業廃棄物を熱分解可能な温度であればよく、具体的には 300 ℃以上であり、さらにいえば 300 ℃〜 1000 ℃の温度範囲が好ましい。
さらに、前記一次燃焼室からの産業廃棄物の熱分解時に発生した分解ガスを完全に燃焼させる二次燃焼室での燃焼温度は、フロンの分解温度以上であればよく、具体的には 850 ℃以上であり、さらにいえば 850 ℃〜 1050 ℃の温度範囲が好ましい。
また、二次燃焼室からの排ガスの温度は、 80 ℃前後に冷却することが好ましい。
また、前記排ガス処理装置に煙道を介して連絡する二次燃焼室の温度が設定温度範囲は、 1050 ℃以上の設定温度範囲が好ましい。
この時、産業廃棄物を燃焼させて熱分解する上記一次燃焼室の温度範囲は 300 1000 ℃となり、一方、産業廃棄物の熱分解時に生じた不燃ガスを完全に燃焼させる上記二次燃焼室の温度範囲は 850 1050 ℃となる。
この 850 ℃以上の温度範囲はフロンを確実に燃焼させて分解するその分解温度以上となる。
そして、フロンの注入を開始する上記二次燃焼室の出口の設定温度範囲は 1050 1100 ℃となる。
つまり、二次燃焼室の温度(燃焼温度)がフロンの分解温度以上まで上昇する事によってフロンは確実に燃焼分解される。
斯る技術的手段によれば、フロンは産業廃棄物が燃焼して熱分解される一次燃焼室及び産業廃棄物の熱分解時に発生する分解ガス(不燃ガス)が完全に燃焼される二次燃焼室のいずれか一方へ、二次燃焼室の出口の温度がフロンの分解温度以上の設定温度範囲に達した時点でその底部から燃焼空気と混合された状態で注入される。
それにより、 一次燃焼室とフロンの分解温度以上の温度範囲で燃焼する二次燃焼室との双方の燃焼熱で、又はフロンの分解温度以上の温度範囲で燃焼する二次燃焼室の燃焼熱で空気との混合により完全に燃焼されて分解される。
つまり、フロンはその分解温度以上の燃焼熱により完全に燃焼されて分解される。そして、フロンが燃焼分解された二次燃焼室からの排ガスは煙道を通って排ガス処理装置の洗浄液噴射塔へ導入され、該洗浄液噴射塔にてアルカリ洗浄水がシャワー状及び旋回流状に噴射せしめられてその温度が急冷降下されると共に排ガス中の塩化水素( HCl )、フッ化 水素( HF )等の有害成分が中和される。
洗浄液噴射塔にて急冷且つ中和された排ガス中の有害成分の液分は該排ガスが誘引装置により誘引されて液分離装置を通過する過程で該液分離装置により排ガス中から分離除去され、該排ガスは液分が除去された後に煙突から大気中に排気放出される。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施の具体例を図面に基づいて説明する。
図1は本発明フロンの分解処理システムの構成例を示した概略図であり、Aは 300℃〜1000℃の温度範囲で燃焼する一次燃焼室1と 850〜1050℃の温度範囲で燃焼する二次燃焼室2とを備える既設の産業廃棄物処理設備の焼却炉、Bはこの焼却炉Aの二次燃焼室2の出口2-2 と煙道3を介して連絡させた排ガス処理装置、Cは一次燃焼室1と二次燃焼室2へその底部から燃焼空気を送り込む送風装置 D-1 ,D-2 の空気供給通路4,5に接続したフロン注入装置であり、このフロン注入装置Cから一次燃焼室1と二次燃焼室2とのいずれか一方又は双方へ、該二次燃焼室2の出口2-2 の温度(排ガス温度)が1050〜1100℃の設定温度範囲に達した時点で底部から燃焼空気と共にフロンを定量注入しながら 300〜1000℃の温度範囲にて燃焼する一次燃焼室と 850〜1050℃の温度範囲で燃焼する二次燃焼室との双方の燃焼熱で、又は 850〜1050℃の温度範囲で燃焼する二次燃焼室2の燃焼熱で空気との混合により完全に燃焼されて分解されるように構成してなる。つまり、一次燃焼室1と二次燃焼室2とのいずれか一方又は双方の温度(燃焼温度)がフロンの分解温度以上まで上昇する事によってフロンは確実に燃焼分解される。そして、一次燃焼室1と二次燃焼室2とのいずれか一方又は双方、又は二次燃焼室2hにおいてフロンが燃焼分解された排ガス(産業廃棄物の燃焼ガス等)は二次燃焼室2の出口2-2 から排ガス処理装置Bへ通じる煙道3を通って該排ガス処理装置Bへ導入され、この排ガス処理装置Bにおいて急冷且つ中和処理されて大気汚染防止法に基づく環境基準を満たした無害化処理されたクリーンな状態で排ガス処理装置Bの煙突3から大気中に排気放出されるように構成してなる。
【0007】
焼却炉Aは、内壁を耐火材構造とし、底部を固定床二段階燃焼式とする一次燃焼室1と二次燃焼室2とを耐火構造の連絡道6にて連絡させてなる既設の産業廃棄物処理設備であり、一次燃焼室1にプラスチック、ビニール、化学製品、廃タイヤ等の産業廃棄物、本実施例にあっては廃タイヤを投入(装填)し、 300〜1000℃の温度範囲にて燃焼分解させて焼却するようになっている。又、一次燃焼室1と二次燃焼室2との固定床二段階構造の底部には送風能力を変えたブロアー等からなる送風装置D-1 ,D-2 が空気供給通路4,5を介して夫々接続されており、送風装置D-1 から一次燃焼室1へ、そして送風装置D-2 から二次燃焼室2へその底部から燃焼空気が夫々圧送されるようになっている(図2参照)。
【0008】
図中7,8は一次燃焼室1と二次燃焼室2との炉壁下部側に夫々備えた灯油を燃料とする一次バーナーと補助バーナー(助熱バーナー)であり、一次バーナー7により一次燃焼室1に投入された廃タイヤに着火し、該廃タイヤを燃焼させて該廃タイヤの燃焼熱で一次燃焼室1を 300〜1000℃の温度範囲に維持する一方で、補助バーナー8により二次燃焼室2に導入されるくる分解ガス(不燃ガス)を燃焼させて該分解ガスの燃焼熱で二次燃焼室2を 850〜1050℃の温度範囲に維持せしめながら分解ガスを完全に燃焼させて無害化処理するようになっている。
尚、一次バーナー7は廃タイヤの燃焼が完全燃焼状態に入った時点でその運転が自動的に停止するものであり、補助バーナー8は分解ガスの燃焼により二次燃焼室2の温度が 850℃に達した時点でその運転が自動的に停止するようになっている。つまり、二次燃焼室2の温度が 850℃に達した時点で継続的に供給されてくる燃焼空気もとで分解ガスが燃焼し、この燃焼熱で二次燃焼室2が 850〜1050℃の温度範囲に維持されるものである。
【0009】
排ガス処理装置Bは、前述した二次燃焼室2の出口2-2 と断熱材が施された煙道3を介して連絡され、該二次燃焼室2から煙道3を通って導入されてくる排ガスの温度を80℃前後まで急冷降下させると共に該排ガス中に含まれている塩化水素(HCl )、フッ化水素(HF)等の有害成分を中和して除去する炭酸ナトリウム溶剤(Na2CO3)からなるアルカリ洗浄液Mをシャワー状及び旋回流状に噴射する洗浄液噴射塔9と、この洗浄液噴射塔9からの排ガス中から中和処理され且つ液化された塩(NacI)、フッ化ナトリウム(NaF )等の液分を分離して除去する液分離装置10と、この液分離装置10からの排ガスを煙突11から大気中に誘引放出する誘引装置12と、前記洗浄水噴射塔9内の底部中心からその略全高に亘り立設する第1噴射器13とその入口9-1 近傍における塔壁に周方向数カ所に備えた第2噴射器14とに液供給通路15,16にて夫々接続され、該第1噴射器15へ定量ポンプ17にて、第2噴射器16へ高圧ポンプ18にてアルカリ洗浄液を夫々圧送する洗浄液槽19とを備えてなる(図3参照)。
【0010】
而して、排ガス処理装置Bによれば、二次燃焼室2から煙道3を通って洗浄液噴射塔9内へ 850〜 950℃にて導入される排ガスにアルカリ洗浄水をシャワー状、そして旋回流状に噴射せしめて該排ガスの温度を80℃前後まで急冷降下せしめると共に、該排ガスとの接触により該排ガス中に含まれている塩化水素(HCl )、フッ化水素(HF)等の有害成分を中和すると共に、中和され且つ液化された塩 (NacI)、フッ化ナトリウム(NaF )等の排ガス中の液分は排ガスが液分離装置10を通過する過程で該液分離装置10により排ガス中から分離除去され、液分が除去された後排ガスは誘引装置12により誘引されて煙突11から大気中に排気放出される。
【0011】
フロン注入装置Cは、温風ヒーター20により38〜40℃に加温保持される恒温ボックス21内に台秤22を設け、この台秤22上にフロンが充填されているボンベ23を載せて、表示盤24の重量表示部25にてボンベ23内のフロンの残留量を確認できるようにしてある。又、ボンベ23から焼却炉Aを連絡するフロン供給通路26には流量計・減圧弁を備える調節弁27と、産業廃棄物処理設備の運転を自動制御する制御盤28に接続されて該制御盤28から出力されてくるの開弁・閉弁信号により開閉する電磁弁29とが備えられていて、フロンの注入開始とその注入停止とが自動制御されるようになっている(図4及び図7参照)。つまり、二次燃焼室2の出口2-2 の温度(排ガス温度)が該出口2-2 に設置されている熱電対等からなる温度センサー30に検出され、この温度センサー30から出力されてくる温度信号が1050℃に達した時点で制御盤28から電磁弁29に開弁信号が出力されてフロンの注入が自動的に開始するようになっており、恒温ボックス21内の38〜40℃に加温されているボンベ23から焼却炉Aの一次燃焼室1と二次燃焼室2との夫々の酸素供給通路4,5に前記フロン供給通路Cを夫々接続し(図5及び図6参照)、制御盤28から出力される開弁信号の伴う前記電磁弁29の開弁動作により一次燃焼室1と二次燃焼室2へその底部から燃焼酸素と共にフロンを供給し得るように既設の産業廃棄物処理設備に付設具備してなる。
【0012】
因みに、本発明のフロンの分解処理システムは図7に示した自動運転フロー並びに図8に示した運転ブロック図に順次で運転され、フロンの燃焼分解を行うものである。
【0013】
次に、以上の如くフロン注入装置Cを接続具備し且つ排ガス処理装置Bを接続具備した既設の産業廃棄物処理設備を用いて行ったフロンの分解実験結果を以下に説明する。この時の運転条件を表1に示す。
【0014】
【表1】

Figure 0003576753
ここで、フロン注入量は廃タイヤの組成をもとに計算される。つまり、廃タイヤの80%(揮発分量)が燃料総重量に当たるとしてその2%をフロンの注入量として算出される。
又、フロンの注入のための温度条件が満たされている時間は、廃タイヤが分解燃焼している2時間30分に等しかった。この間に燃焼する重量は廃タイヤに含まれる揮発分量に略等しいと考えられ、その重量は、
1800Kg×0.8 =1440Kg
である。この2%がフロンの注入量となるため
1440Kg×0.02=28Kg
となり、2時間30分の間に注入されなければならないため1時間当たりの注入量は、
28Kg/2.5=11Kg/h (2.04m3 /h)
と算出される。
【0015】
実験例1 (一次燃焼室へのフロンの注入)
空気供給通路5からの継続的な燃焼空気の供給のもとで補助バーナー7により着火される二次燃焼室2の燃焼開始から該二次燃焼室2の出口2-2 温度(排ガス温度)が1050℃に達して時点でフロン注入装置Cの電磁弁29を開弁し、一次燃焼室1の底部から同室に燃焼空気(一次空気)を供給する空気供給通路4を通して該空気と共に該一次燃焼室1へその底部からフロンの注入を開始した。この時のフロンの注入は図9のフロン分解時の温度履歴に示したように、二次燃焼室2の出口2-2 の温度(排ガス温度)が1050℃以上に維持されている区間内で行われた。又、この時のフロンの滞留時間フローは図10に示した実験フローのように、最大燃焼時でおよそ6秒(燃焼量が低くなると滞留時間は長くなる)である。
尚、二次燃焼室2の出口2-2 の開閉蓋31はスタートアップと同時に自動的に閉じられてフロンの注入中においてその閉蓋状態が継続するものである(図2参照)。
【0016】
而して、実施例1によれば、一次燃焼室1へその底部から燃焼空気と共に混合されながら注入されたフロンは廃タイヤの燃焼熱で 300〜1000℃の温度範囲に維持される一次燃焼室1で燃焼分解されると共に、該一次燃焼室1の廃タイヤの熱分解時に発生する分解ガスと共に該分解ガスの燃焼熱で 850〜1050℃の温度範囲に維持される二次燃焼室2へ導入され、該二次燃焼室2にて更に燃焼分解され、更に未分解フロンは排ガス処理装置Bに連絡する 850〜 950℃に加熱される煙道3内を通る過程で分解される。フロンが燃焼分解された後の排ガスは煙道3から排ガス処理装置Bの洗浄液噴射塔9内へ導入され、該噴射塔9でアルカリ洗浄水がシャワー状、そして旋回流状に噴射せしめてその温度が80℃前後まで急冷降下せしめられ、且つアルカリ洗浄水との接触により排ガス中に含まれている塩化水素(HCl )、フッ化水素(HF)等の有害成分が中和処理されて液分離装置10を通過する過程で分離除去された後に、誘引装置12により誘引されて煙突11から大気中に排気放出される。
尚、廃タイヤの熱分解による一酸化炭素濃度が高い一次燃焼室1へフロンを注入した場合、ダイオキシン類が生成されたとしても、その後通過する二次燃焼室2の 850〜1050℃の高温領域内でほぼ完全に燃焼分解されることから、その生成を最小限に抑える事ができる。
【0017】
実験例2 (二次燃焼室へのフロンの注入)
空気供給通路5に継続的な燃焼空気の供給のもとで補助バーナー7により着火される二次燃焼室2の燃焼開始から該二次燃焼室2の出口2-2 の温度(排ガス温度)が1050℃に達して時点でフロン注入装置Cの電磁弁29を開弁し、二次燃焼室2の底部から同室に燃焼空気(一次空気)を供給する空気供給通路4を通して該空気と共に該二次燃焼室2へその底部からフロンの注入を開始した。この時のフロンの注入は図9のフロン分解時の温度履歴に示したように、二次燃焼室2の出口2-2 の温度(排ガス温度)が1050℃以上に維持されている区間内で行われた。又、この時のフロンの滞留時間は図11に示した実験フローのように、最大燃焼時でおよそ2秒(燃焼量が低くなると滞留時間は長くなる。)である。
【0018】
而して、実施例2によれば、二次燃焼室1へその底部から燃焼空気と共に混合されながら注入されたフロンは 850〜1050℃の二次燃焼室1にて更に燃焼分解されると共に、未分解フロンは排ガス処理装置Bに連絡する 850〜 950℃に加熱される煙道3内を通る過程で更に分解される。フロンが燃焼分解された後の排ガスは前述した実施例1と同様に煙道3から排ガス処理装置Bの洗浄液噴射塔9内へ導入され、該噴射塔9でアルカリ洗浄水がシャワー状、そして旋回流状に噴射せしめてその温度が80℃前後まで急冷降下せしめられ、且つアルカリ洗浄水との接触により排ガス中に含まれている塩化水素(HCl )、フッ化水素(HF)等の有害成分が中和処理されて液分離装置10を通過する過程で分離除去された後に、誘引装置12により誘引されて煙突11から大気中に排気放出されるものである。
ここで、実験例1、実験例2の双方の実験においてフロンの分解率を測定するためにフロンの分解が終了する排ガス処理装置Bの入口9-1 と排ガスが大気中に放出されるその出口、つまり煙突11との夫々の位置から排ガスを採取し、採取した排ガス中の未分解フロン濃度の比較をクロマトグラムの面積で行ったところ、両者の差はほとんどなくほぼ等しい結果が得られた事から、本実施例ではフロン分解率を排ガス処理装置Bの煙突11から採取した排ガスの分析値から算出した。斯る算出により得られたフロンの分解結果を表2に示す。
【0019】
【表2】
Figure 0003576753
表中において*1 は一次燃焼室へのフロンの注入を意味し、*2 は二次燃焼室へのフロンの注入を意味するものである。
又、表中において
Wf フロン注入量(Kg/h) Tsout 処理装置出口温度(℃)
CO 一酸化炭素濃度(ppm ) G 排ガス量(m3 /h)
O2 酸素濃度(%) Gd 乾き排ガス量(m3 /h)
Tr 二次燃焼室出口温度(℃) Cf 未分解フロン濃度(ppd )
Tsin 処理装置入口温度(℃) R フロンの分解率(−)
である。
【0020】
従って、表2から明らかなように、排ガス中の一酸化炭素濃度は排ガス処理装置Bの入口9-1 での排ガス温度が 850℃以下では燃焼中は20ppm 以下であるのに対し、 850℃では1ppm で表示上0ppm とした。そして、二次燃焼室2へのフロンの注入においてはフロンの滞留時間が一次燃焼室1へのフロンの注入に比べて短くなった分、未分解フロンが増加し、その分解率が低下した反面、排ガス温度が上昇した事により一酸化炭素濃度が極めて低くなっている事が分かる。いずれにしてもフロンの分解率は表2から明らかなように、前述した表1の実験条件よる実験の結果、 99.99%以上を達成し、フロンの燃焼分解に優れていることが分かる
【0021】
又、フロンの大気汚染防止法、フロン分解等に関わる項目の分析結果を表3に示す。表3から明らかなように、フロンを注入しても排出規制物質のブランクテストの時とほとんど変化がないことが分かる。
【0022】
【表3】
Figure 0003576753
【0023】
又、ダイオキシン類の生成量(発生量)を測定した結果を表4に示す。表4から明らかなように、ブランクテスト時で0.14ng、フロン分解テスト時(一次燃焼室へフロンを 6.5Kg/h注入)で0.51ngであり、フロンの注入によって0.34ng増加したが、二次燃焼室2の 850〜1050℃の高温領域内を通過する過程でほぼ完全に燃焼分解されることから、その生成を最小限に抑える事ができる。又、ダイオキシン類の生成量は一酸化炭素濃度が一次燃焼室1よりもかなり低い二次燃焼室2へのフロンの注入により更に軽減することができる。
【0024】
【表4】
Figure 0003576753
【0025】
尚、上記した実施例詳述においてはアルカリ洗浄液として炭酸ナトリウム溶剤(Na2CO3)を用いたが、溶剤の交換・廃水処理を考慮し、カルシウム系の溶剤を用いるも自由であり、限定されるものではない。
【0026】
【発明の効果】
本発明のフロンの処理分解システムは叙上の如く構成してなるから、下記の作用効果を奏する。
フロンは産業廃棄物が燃焼して熱分解される一次燃焼室及び産業廃棄物の熱分解時に発生する分解ガスが完全に燃焼される二次燃焼室のいずれか一方へ、二次燃焼室の温度が設定温度範囲に達した時点でその底部から燃焼空気と混合された状態で注入される。それにより、 300℃以上の温度範囲で産業廃棄物が燃焼する一次燃焼室とこの一次燃焼室から導入されてくる分解ガスが燃焼する二次燃焼室との双方の燃焼熱で、又は 850℃以上の温度範囲で分解ガスが燃焼する二次燃焼室の燃焼熱で空気との混合により完全に燃焼されて分解される。つまり、フロンは燃焼空気と混合された状態でその分解温度以上の燃焼熱により完全に燃焼分解される。そして、フロンが燃焼分解された排ガスは排ガス処理装置へ導入され、該排ガス処理装置にてアルカリ洗浄水がシャワー状及び旋回流状に噴射せしめられてその温度が急冷降下されると共に排ガス中の塩化水素(HCl )、フッ化水素(HF)等の有害成分が中和され、急冷且つ中和された排ガス中の有害成分の液分は該排ガス中から分離除去され、液分が除去された後に排ガスは煙突から大気中に排気放出される。
【0027】
従って、プラスチック、ビニール、化学製品、廃タイヤ等の産業廃棄物を焼却処理する焼却炉の一次燃焼室と二次燃焼室との双方の燃焼熱、又は二次燃焼室の燃焼熱によりフロンを完全に燃焼分解されることができることから、従来のようなロータリーキルン式やセメントキルン式による熱分解炉、或いはプラズマ炉等の設備コストが嵩む大掛かりな処理設備でなくとも前記産業廃棄物を焼却処理する既設の産業廃棄物処理設備を用いた本発明のフロンの分解処理システムよりフロンを確実に燃焼させて分解処理することができる。又、フロン注入装置を一次燃焼室及び二次燃焼室へその底部から燃焼空気を送り込む送風装置の空気供給通路の少なくとも一方に接続することで付設し得るようにしてなることから、簡単且つ容易にフロン注入装置を既設の産業廃棄物処理設備に付設することができる。よって、低コストでフロンを大気汚染防止法に基づく環境基準を満たした無害化処理することが可能となり、この種のフロンの分解処理分野において実用化する上で好都合となる等の効果が期待できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明のフロンの分解処理システムの構成全体の実施の一例を示した概略図
【図2】一次燃焼室と二次燃焼室とを備える焼却炉を示した概略図
【図3】排ガス処理装置を示した概略図
【図4】フロン注入装置を示した概略図
【図5】一次燃焼室に連絡する酸素供給通路にフロン注入装置のフロン供給通路を接続した状態の要部の概略図
【図6】二次燃焼室に連絡する酸素供給通路にフロン注入装置のフロン供給通路を接続した状態の要部の概略図
【図7】本発明のフロンの分解処理システムの自動運転フロー
【図8】本発明のフロンの分解処理システムの運転ブロック図
【図9】本発明のフロンの分解処理システムのフロン分解時の温度履歴
【図10】一次燃焼室へのフロンの注入による燃焼分解時の実験フロー
【図11】二次燃焼室へのフロンの注入による燃焼分解時の実験フロー
【符号の説明】
A…焼却炉 B…排ガス処理装置
C…フロン注入装置 D-1 ,D-2 …送風装置
1…一次燃焼室 2…二次燃焼室
3…煙道 4,5…空気供給通路[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a chlorofluorocarbon which is detoxified by burning and decomposing chlorofluorocarbon using an existing industrial waste treatment facility for incinerating industrial waste such as plastic, vinyl, chemical products and waste tires. A decomposition processing system.
[0002]
[Prior art]
CFCs are extremely stable compounds and have been widely used in various industrial fields as detergents, refrigerants, etc. because of their easy handling and liquefaction. In recent years, detoxification treatment has received a great deal of attention. Meanwhile, as a technique for decomposing CFCs, a pyrolysis furnace of a rotary kiln type or a cement kiln type, or a processing method of combustion decomposition using a plasma furnace or the like is currently being developed for practical use.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since large-scale processing equipment is required to carry out each of the above-described processing methods, the equipment cost is increased, the practical use is poor, and the equipment cost is a major obstacle to practical use. Is the current situation.
[0004]
In view of such a conventional situation, the applicant of the present application has conducted various studies as to whether or not the fluorocarbon can be decomposed at a low cost.As a result, the present inventors have focused on the existing industrial waste treatment equipment and arrived at the present invention. The purpose is to use the heat of combustion of existing industrial waste treatment equipment to reliably burn and decompose fluorocarbons, and to reduce the production of dioxins. To provide a disassembly processing system.
[0005]
[Means for achieving the object]
In order to achieve the object, the present invention provides a combustion furnace including a primary combustion chamber for thermally decomposing industrial waste, a secondary combustion chamber for completely burning the decomposition gas from the primary combustion chamber, and a combustion furnace for the combustion furnace. An exhaust gas treatment device for rapidly cooling and lowering the temperature of the exhaust gas from the secondary combustion chamber, and neutralizing and removing harmful components contained in the exhaust gas; and the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber And a flon injection device in at least one of the air supply passages of a blower that feeds combustion air from the bottom to the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber, and a flue gas is provided to the exhaust gas treatment device. When the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber communicated with the first combustion chamber reaches a set temperature range, Freon is injected into one of the secondary combustion chamber and the primary combustion chamber together with combustion air from the bottom thereof, and the exhaust gas treatment is performed. Equipment is secondary A washing liquid jet tower that rapidly cools and lowers the temperature of the exhaust gas from the firing chamber and injects an alkaline cleaning liquid for neutralizing harmful components contained in the exhaust gas into a shower and a swirling flow, and from the cleaning liquid jet tower. A liquid separating device for separating and removing a liquid component neutralized and liquefied from the exhaust gas of the above, an attracting device for attracting and discharging the exhaust gas from the liquid separating device from the chimney to the atmosphere, and the washing water injection tower A cleaning liquid tank for pumping the alkaline cleaning liquid into the cleaning liquid injection tower, wherein the cleaning liquid injection tower sprays the alkaline cleaning water in a shower form, and a swirling flow of the alkaline cleaning water. A second injector that injects the alkaline cleaning water into the exhaust gas from the secondary combustion chamber in a shower shape with the first injector and in a swirl flow with the second injector. Cool down the temperature At the same time, the harmful components contained in the exhaust gas are neutralized, and the neutralized liquid component is separated and removed from the exhaust gas by a liquid separation device. It is characterized in that the exhaust gas is released.
Here, examples of the industrial waste include plastic, vinyl, chemical products, and waste tires.
The combustion temperature in the primary combustion chamber, in which these industrial wastes are burned and thermally decomposed, may be any temperature at which the industrial wastes can be thermally decomposed, specifically, 300 ° C or higher. A temperature range from 300 ° C to 1000 ° C is preferred.
Further, the combustion temperature in the secondary combustion chamber for completely burning the decomposition gas generated during the thermal decomposition of the industrial waste from the primary combustion chamber may be at least the decomposition temperature of chlorofluorocarbon, specifically 850 ° C. above, and the preferably further speaking 850 ° C. ~ a temperature range of 1050 ° C..
Further, the temperature of the exhaust gas from the secondary combustion chamber is preferably cooled to about 80 ° C.
The temperature of the secondary combustion chamber which communicates with the exhaust gas treatment device via a flue is preferably set to a temperature range of 1050 ° C. or more.
At this time, the temperature range of the primary combustion chamber for burning and thermally decomposing industrial waste is 300 to 1000 ° C., while the secondary combustion chamber for completely combusting the noncombustible gas generated during the thermal decomposition of industrial waste. the temperature range the 850 ~ 1050 ℃.
This temperature range of 850 ° C. or higher is equal to or higher than the decomposition temperature at which flon is reliably burned and decomposed.
The set temperature range at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber at which the injection of chlorofluorocarbon is started is 1050 to 1100 ° C.
That is, by increasing the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber (combustion temperature) to a temperature equal to or higher than the decomposition temperature of chlorofluorocarbon, fluorocarbon is reliably decomposed and decomposed.
According to such technical means, CFCs are used in a primary combustion chamber in which industrial waste is burned and thermally decomposed, and in a secondary combustion in which decomposed gas (incombustible gas) generated during thermal decomposition of industrial waste is completely burned. When the temperature at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber reaches a set temperature range equal to or higher than the decomposition temperature of chlorofluorocarbon, it is injected into one of the chambers from the bottom thereof while being mixed with combustion air.
Thereby, Combustion heat of both the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber that burns in a temperature range equal to or higher than the decomposition temperature of CFCs, or the combustion heat of the secondary combustion chamber that burns in a temperature range equal to or higher than the decomposition temperature of CFCs and air It is completely burned and decomposed by mixing.
In other words, CFCs are completely burned and decomposed by combustion heat higher than the decomposition temperature. The flue gas from the secondary combustion chamber, in which the chlorofluorocarbons are decomposed, is introduced into the cleaning liquid injection tower of the exhaust gas treatment device through the flue, and the alkaline cleaning water is injected in the form of a shower and swirling flow in the cleaning liquid injection tower. allowed are hydrogen chloride in the flue gas with its temperature is rapidly cooled lowered (HCl), harmful components such as hydrogen fluoride (HF) is neutralized.
The liquid component of the harmful components in the exhaust gas quenched and neutralized in the washing liquid injection tower is separated and removed from the exhaust gas by the liquid separator in a process in which the exhaust gas is attracted by the attractor and passes through the liquid separator. The exhaust gas is discharged to the atmosphere from the chimney after the liquid component is removed.
[0006]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a CFC decomposition treatment system according to the present invention, where A is a primary combustion chamber 1 that burns in a temperature range of 300 ° C. to 1000 ° C. An incinerator of an existing industrial waste treatment facility having a secondary combustion chamber 2; B is an exhaust gas treatment device connected to an outlet 2-2 of the secondary combustion chamber 2 of the incinerator A through a flue 3; Is a CFC injection device connected to the air supply passages 4 and 5 of the blowers D-1 and D-2 for feeding combustion air from the bottom to the primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 2. When the temperature (exhaust gas temperature) at the outlet 2-2 of the secondary combustion chamber 2 reaches one or both of the primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 2 reaches a set temperature range of 1050 to 1100 ° C. A primary combustion chamber that burns in a temperature range of 300 to 1000 ° C while quantifying the injection of CFCs with combustion air from the bottom It is completely combusted by the combustion heat of both the secondary combustion chamber burning in the temperature range of 50 ° C. and the combustion heat of the secondary combustion chamber 2 burning in the temperature range of 850 to 50 ° C. and mixed with air. It is configured to be disassembled. That is, by increasing the temperature (combustion temperature) of one or both of the primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 2 to the decomposition temperature of chlorofluorocarbon or more, chlorofluorocarbon is reliably decomposed by combustion. Then, exhaust gas (combustion gas of industrial waste, etc.) in which chlorofluorocarbon is burned and decomposed in one or both of the primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 2 or in the secondary combustion chamber 2 h is supplied to the secondary combustion chamber 2. The exhaust gas was introduced into the exhaust gas treatment device B through the flue 3 leading to the exhaust gas treatment device B from the outlet 2-2, and was quenched and neutralized in the exhaust gas treatment device B to meet the environmental standards based on the Air Pollution Control Law. The exhaust gas is discharged into the atmosphere from the chimney 3 of the exhaust gas treatment device B in a clean state after the harmless treatment.
[0007]
The incinerator A has an existing industrial waste in which the primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 2 whose inner walls have a refractory material structure and whose bottom has a fixed-bed two-stage combustion system are connected via a communication path 6 of a fire-resistant structure. It is a waste treatment facility. In the primary combustion chamber 1, industrial waste such as plastic, vinyl, chemical products, and waste tires, and in this embodiment, waste tires are charged (loaded), and the temperature is set to a temperature in a range of 300 to 1000 ° C. They are burned and decomposed for incineration. At the bottom of the two-stage fixed bed structure of the primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 2, blowers D-1 and D-2, which are composed of blowers or the like having different blowing capacities, are provided via air supply passages 4 and 5, respectively. The combustion air is pumped from the bottom to the primary combustion chamber 1 from the blower D-1 and to the secondary combustion chamber 2 from the blower D-2 (FIG. 2). reference).
[0008]
In the figure, reference numerals 7 and 8 denote a primary burner and an auxiliary burner (auxiliary heat burner) which use kerosene as fuel and are provided on the lower side of the furnace wall of the primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 2, respectively. The waste tire placed in the chamber 1 is ignited, the waste tire is burned, and the primary combustion chamber 1 is maintained in a temperature range of 300 to 1000 ° C. by the combustion heat of the waste tire. Combustion of the cracked gas (non-combustible gas) introduced into the combustion chamber 2 and complete combustion of the cracked gas while maintaining the secondary combustion chamber 2 in the temperature range of 850 to 1050 ° C. by the heat of combustion of the cracked gas. Detoxification treatment is performed.
The operation of the primary burner 7 is automatically stopped when the combustion of the waste tire enters a complete combustion state, and the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber 2 is reduced to 850 ° C. by the combustion of the decomposition gas. , The operation is automatically stopped at the time of reaching. That is, when the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber 2 reaches 850 ° C., the decomposition gas is burned under the continuously supplied combustion air, and the combustion heat causes the secondary combustion chamber 2 to reach a temperature of 850 to 1,050 ° C. It is maintained in a temperature range.
[0009]
The exhaust gas treatment device B is connected to the outlet 2-2 of the secondary combustion chamber 2 through a flue 3 provided with a heat insulating material, and is introduced from the secondary combustion chamber 2 through the flue 3. Sodium carbonate solvent (Na2CO3) which rapidly cools down the temperature of incoming exhaust gas to around 80 ° C and neutralizes and removes harmful components such as hydrogen chloride (HCl) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) contained in the exhaust gas. Washing liquid jet tower 9 for spraying an alkaline cleaning liquid M consisting of water in the form of a shower and swirling flow, and salt (NacI) and sodium fluoride (NaF) that have been neutralized and liquefied from the exhaust gas from the cleaning liquid jet tower 9. A liquid separating apparatus 10 for separating and removing liquid components such as liquid, an attracting apparatus 12 for attracting and discharging the exhaust gas from the liquid separating apparatus 10 from a chimney 11 to the atmosphere, and a bottom center in the washing water jet tower 9. In the vicinity of the first injector 13 and its inlet 9-1, which are erected almost over the entire height. The liquid supply passages 15 and 16 are connected to a second injector 14 provided at several locations in the circumferential direction on the tower wall, and a high-pressure pump is connected to the first injector 15 by a metering pump 17 and a second injector 16. A cleaning liquid tank 19 for pressure-feeding the alkaline cleaning liquid at 18 is provided (see FIG. 3).
[0010]
Thus, according to the exhaust gas treatment apparatus B, the alkaline cleaning water is showered and swirled in the exhaust gas introduced at 850 to 950 ° C. from the secondary combustion chamber 2 through the flue 3 into the cleaning liquid injection tower 9 at 850 to 950 ° C. By injecting in a stream, the temperature of the exhaust gas is rapidly cooled to about 80 ° C, and harmful components such as hydrogen chloride (HCl) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) contained in the exhaust gas due to contact with the exhaust gas. The liquid components in the exhaust gas such as salt (NacI) and sodium fluoride (NaF) that have been neutralized and liquefied are separated by the liquid separator 10 while the exhaust gas passes through the liquid separator 10. After being separated and removed from the inside and the liquid component is removed, the exhaust gas is attracted by the attracting device 12 and exhausted from the chimney 11 to the atmosphere.
[0011]
The CFC injection device C is provided with a platform scale 22 in a constant temperature box 21 heated and maintained at 38 to 40 ° C. by the hot air heater 20, and a cylinder 23 filled with Freon is placed on the platform scale 22, and the display panel The remaining amount of Freon in the cylinder 23 can be confirmed on the weight display section 25 of 24. A control valve 27 having a flow meter and a pressure reducing valve is connected to a CFC supply passage 26 connecting the incinerator A from the cylinder 23 and a control panel 28 for automatically controlling the operation of the industrial waste treatment equipment. An electromagnetic valve 29, which opens and closes in response to a valve opening / closing signal output from the valve 28, is provided so that the start and stop of the injection of Freon are automatically controlled (see FIGS. 4 and 4). 7). That is, the temperature (exhaust gas temperature) at the outlet 2-2 of the secondary combustion chamber 2 is detected by the temperature sensor 30 such as a thermocouple installed at the outlet 2-2, and the temperature output from the temperature sensor 30 is detected. When the signal reaches 1050 ° C, the control panel 28 outputs a valve opening signal to the solenoid valve 29 to automatically start the injection of CFCs. The CFC supply passages C are respectively connected to the oxygen supply passages 4 and 5 of the primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 2 of the incinerator A from the heated cylinder 23 (see FIGS. 5 and 6). The existing industrial waste is supplied to the primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 2 together with the combustion oxygen from the bottom thereof by the valve opening operation of the solenoid valve 29 accompanied by the valve opening signal output from the control panel 28. It is attached to the processing equipment.
[0012]
Incidentally, the CFC decomposition treatment system of the present invention is operated sequentially according to the automatic operation flow shown in FIG. 7 and the operation block diagram shown in FIG.
[0013]
Next, a description will be given below of the results of a fluorocarbon decomposition experiment performed using an existing industrial waste treatment facility connected and equipped with a chlorofluorocarbon injection device C and an exhaust gas treatment device B as described above. Table 1 shows the operating conditions at this time.
[0014]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003576753
Here, the Freon injection amount is calculated based on the composition of the waste tire. In other words, assuming that 80% (amount of volatile components) of the waste tire corresponds to the total weight of the fuel, 2% thereof is calculated as the injection amount of Freon.
The time during which the temperature condition for the injection of Freon was satisfied was equal to 2 hours 30 minutes during which the waste tire was decomposed and burned. The weight burned during this time is considered to be substantially equal to the amount of volatile matter contained in the waste tire, and its weight is
1800Kg × 0.8 = 1440Kg
It is. Because this 2% is the amount of Freon injection
1440Kg × 0.02 = 28Kg
And the amount of injection per hour is
28Kg / 2.5 = 11Kg / h (2.04m3 / h)
Is calculated.
[0015]
Experimental Example 1 (Injection of chlorofluorocarbon into the primary combustion chamber)
From the start of combustion of the secondary combustion chamber 2 ignited by the auxiliary burner 7 under the continuous supply of combustion air from the air supply passage 5, the temperature of the outlet 2-2 (exhaust gas temperature) of the secondary combustion chamber 2 decreases. When the temperature reaches 1050 ° C., the solenoid valve 29 of the CFC injection device C is opened, and the primary combustion chamber and the primary combustion chamber are passed through the air supply passage 4 for supplying combustion air (primary air) from the bottom of the primary combustion chamber 1 to the same chamber. Injection of Freon was started from the bottom of No. 1. As shown in the temperature history at the time of chlorofluorocarbon decomposition in FIG. 9, the injection of chlorofluorocarbon at this time is performed in a section where the temperature (exhaust gas temperature) of the outlet 2-2 of the secondary combustion chamber 2 is maintained at 1050 ° C. or more. It was conducted. Further, the flow of the residence time of the chlorofluorocarbon at this time is approximately 6 seconds at the time of the maximum combustion (the residence time becomes longer as the combustion amount becomes lower) as in the experimental flow shown in FIG.
The opening / closing lid 31 at the outlet 2-2 of the secondary combustion chamber 2 is automatically closed at the same time as the start-up, and the closed state is maintained during the injection of Freon (see FIG. 2).
[0016]
Thus, according to the first embodiment, the chlorofluorocarbon injected into the primary combustion chamber 1 from the bottom thereof while being mixed with the combustion air is maintained in the temperature range of 300 to 1000 ° C. by the combustion heat of the waste tire. 1 and is introduced into the secondary combustion chamber 2 which is maintained in a temperature range of 850 to 50 ° C. by the combustion heat of the decomposition gas together with the decomposition gas generated at the time of thermal decomposition of the waste tire in the primary combustion chamber 1. Then, it is further burned and decomposed in the secondary combustion chamber 2, and the undecomposed chlorofluorocarbon is further decomposed in the process of passing through the flue 3 heated to 850 to 950 ° C., which is connected to the exhaust gas treatment device B. The flue gas after the combustion and decomposition of the chlorofluorocarbon is introduced into the cleaning liquid jet tower 9 of the flue gas treatment apparatus B from the flue 3, and the alkali cleaning water is jetted in the jet tower 9 in the form of a shower and a swirling flow. Is rapidly cooled down to around 80 ° C, and harmful components such as hydrogen chloride (HCl) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) contained in the exhaust gas are neutralized by contact with alkaline washing water, and the liquid is separated. After being separated and removed in the process of passing through 10, it is attracted by the attracting device 12 and discharged from the chimney 11 into the atmosphere.
In addition, when chlorofluorocarbon is injected into the primary combustion chamber 1 having a high carbon monoxide concentration due to the thermal decomposition of waste tires, even if dioxins are generated, the high temperature region of 850 to 1,050 ° C. of the secondary combustion chamber 2 which passes thereafter. Since it is almost completely decomposed by combustion, its production can be minimized.
[0017]
Experimental Example 2 (Injection of chlorofluorocarbon into the secondary combustion chamber)
The temperature (exhaust gas temperature) at the outlet 2-2 of the secondary combustion chamber 2 from the start of combustion of the secondary combustion chamber 2 ignited by the auxiliary burner 7 under the continuous supply of combustion air to the air supply passage 5 When the temperature reaches 1050 ° C., the solenoid valve 29 of the CFC injection device C is opened, and the secondary air and the secondary air are passed through the air supply passage 4 for supplying combustion air (primary air) from the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber 2 to the same chamber. Injection of chlorofluorocarbon into the combustion chamber 2 was started from the bottom. As shown in the temperature history at the time of chlorofluorocarbon decomposition in FIG. 9, the injection of chlorofluorocarbon at this time is performed in a section where the temperature (exhaust gas temperature) of the outlet 2-2 of the secondary combustion chamber 2 is maintained at 1050 ° C. or more. It was conducted. Further, the residence time of the chlorofluorocarbon at this time is about 2 seconds at the time of the maximum combustion (the residence time becomes longer as the combustion amount becomes lower) as shown in the experimental flow shown in FIG.
[0018]
Thus, according to the second embodiment, Freon injected into the secondary combustion chamber 1 from the bottom thereof while being mixed with the combustion air is further decomposed in the secondary combustion chamber 1 at 850 to 1050 ° C. The undecomposed chlorofluorocarbon is further decomposed in the course of passing through the flue 3 which is connected to the exhaust gas treatment device B and is heated to 850 to 950 ° C. The flue gas after the combustion and decomposition of the chlorofluorocarbon is introduced from the flue 3 into the cleaning liquid jet tower 9 of the exhaust gas treatment device B in the same manner as in the first embodiment, where the alkaline cleaning water is showered and swirled. When sprayed in a stream, the temperature is rapidly cooled down to around 80 ° C, and harmful components such as hydrogen chloride (HCl) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) contained in exhaust gas due to contact with alkaline washing water are removed. After being neutralized and separated and removed in the process of passing through the liquid separating device 10, the material is attracted by the attracting device 12 and discharged from the chimney 11 to the atmosphere.
Here, in order to measure the decomposition rate of chlorofluorocarbon in both experiments of Experimental Example 1 and Experimental Example 2, the inlet 9-1 of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus B where the decomposition of chlorofluorocarbon is completed and the outlet thereof where the exhaust gas is discharged into the atmosphere. In other words, the exhaust gas was sampled from each position with the chimney 11, and the undecomposed CFC concentration in the collected exhaust gas was compared on the area of the chromatogram. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the CFC decomposition rate was calculated from the analysis value of the exhaust gas collected from the chimney 11 of the exhaust gas treatment device B. Table 2 shows the result of the decomposition of CFCs obtained by such calculation.
[0019]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003576753
In the table, * 1 indicates the injection of chlorofluorocarbon into the primary combustion chamber, and * 2 indicates the injection of chlorofluorocarbon into the secondary combustion chamber.
In the table, Wf CFC injection amount (Kg / h) Tsout Processing unit outlet temperature (° C)
CO Concentration of carbon monoxide (ppm) G Exhaust gas amount (m3 / h)
O2 Oxygen concentration (%) Gd Dry exhaust gas amount (m3 / h)
Tr Secondary combustion chamber outlet temperature (° C) Cf Undecomposed CFC concentration (ppd)
Tsin treatment unit inlet temperature (℃) R Decomposition rate of CFCs (-)
It is.
[0020]
Therefore, as is clear from Table 2, the concentration of carbon monoxide in the exhaust gas is 20 ppm or less during the combustion when the exhaust gas temperature at the inlet 9-1 of the exhaust gas treatment device B is 850 ° C. or less, while the concentration is 850 ° C. The display was set to 0 ppm at 1 ppm. In addition, in the injection of chlorofluorocarbon into the secondary combustion chamber 2, since the residence time of chlorofluorocarbon is shorter than the injection of fluorocarbon into the primary combustion chamber 1, undecomposed chlorofluorocarbon increases and the decomposition rate decreases. It can be seen that the concentration of carbon monoxide was extremely low due to the rise in the exhaust gas temperature. In any case, as can be seen from Table 2, the decomposition rate of CFCs is 99.99% or more as a result of the experiment under the experimental conditions in Table 1 described above, indicating that the decomposition of CFCs is excellent.
In addition, Table 3 shows the analysis results of items related to the Fluorocarbon Air Pollution Control Law, chlorofluorocarbon decomposition, and the like. As is evident from Table 3, even if CFCs were injected, there was almost no change from the time of the blank test for emission control substances.
[0022]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003576753
[0023]
Table 4 shows the results of measuring the amount of dioxins produced (the amount produced). As is clear from Table 4, it was 0.14 ng in the blank test and 0.51 ng in the chlorofluorocarbon decomposition test (injection of 6.5 kg / h of chlorofluorocarbon into the primary combustion chamber). Since it is almost completely burned and decomposed in the process of passing through the high temperature range of 850 to 1050 ° C. in the combustion chamber 2, its generation can be minimized. Further, the amount of dioxins generated can be further reduced by injecting chlorofluorocarbon into the secondary combustion chamber 2 where the concentration of carbon monoxide is considerably lower than that of the primary combustion chamber 1.
[0024]
[Table 4]
Figure 0003576753
[0025]
In the detailed description of the above embodiment, a sodium carbonate solvent (Na2CO3) was used as an alkaline cleaning solution. However, in consideration of solvent replacement and wastewater treatment, a calcium-based solvent may be used freely, and is not limited. Absent.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
Since the processing and decomposition system for chlorofluorocarbon of the present invention is configured as described above, the following operational effects can be obtained.
The temperature of the secondary combustion chamber is reduced to either the primary combustion chamber, where the industrial waste is burned and thermally decomposed, or the secondary combustion chamber, where the decomposition gas generated during the thermal decomposition of the industrial waste is completely burned. When the temperature reaches the set temperature range, it is injected from the bottom thereof in a state of being mixed with the combustion air. As a result, the heat of combustion in both the primary combustion chamber in which industrial waste burns in the temperature range of 300 ° C or higher and the secondary combustion chamber in which cracked gas introduced from this primary combustion chamber burns, or 850 ° C or higher Is completely burned and decomposed by mixing with air by the heat of combustion of the secondary combustion chamber in which the decomposed gas burns in the temperature range of In other words, CFCs are completely decomposed by combustion in a state of being mixed with the combustion air by combustion heat at or above the decomposition temperature. The flue gas from which the chlorofluorocarbons are decomposed is introduced into the flue gas treatment device, where the alkaline cleaning water is injected in a shower or swirl flow, and the temperature of the flue gas is rapidly cooled. The harmful components such as hydrogen (HCl) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) are neutralized, and the quenched and neutralized harmful components in the exhaust gas are separated and removed from the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas is discharged from the chimney into the atmosphere.
[0027]
Therefore, CFCs can be completely eliminated by the heat of combustion in both the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber of the incinerator for incineration of industrial waste such as plastic, vinyl, chemical products, and waste tires, or by the combustion heat of the secondary combustion chamber. Since it can be decomposed by combustion, it is not necessary to use a conventional rotary kiln type or cement kiln type pyrolysis furnace, or a large-scale processing facility such as a plasma furnace, which requires large equipment costs. The CFC decomposition treatment system of the present invention using the industrial waste treatment equipment described above can reliably burn and decompose CFCs. Also, since the CFC injection device can be attached by connecting to at least one of the air supply passages of a blower for feeding combustion air from the bottom to the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber, it is simple and easy. The CFC injection device can be attached to an existing industrial waste treatment facility. Accordingly, it is possible to detoxify chlorofluorocarbon at low cost and satisfy environmental standards based on the Air Pollution Control Law, and it is expected to be advantageous in practical use in this kind of chlorofluorocarbon decomposition treatment field. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an entire configuration of a CFC decomposition treatment system of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an incinerator having a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an exhaust gas treatment device. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a chlorofluorocarbon injection device. FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a main part of a state in which a CFC supply passage of a CFC injection device is connected to an oxygen supply passage connected to a secondary combustion chamber. FIG. 7 An automatic operation flow of a CFC decomposition treatment system of the present invention. FIG. 8 is an operation block diagram of the chlorofluorocarbon decomposition processing system of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a temperature history of chlorofluorocarbon decomposition processing system of the present invention at the time of decomposition of fluorocarbon. Experiment flow [Figure 11] Experimental flow during combustion decomposition by injecting CFCs [Explanation of symbols]
A: Incinerator B: Exhaust gas treatment device C: Freon injection device D-1, D-2: Blower device 1: Primary combustion chamber 2: Secondary combustion chamber 3: Flue 4, 5 ... Air supply passage

Claims (1)

産業廃棄物を熱分解する一次燃焼室と、この一次燃焼室からの分解ガスを完全に燃焼させる二次燃焼室とを備える燃焼炉と、この燃焼炉の二次燃焼室からの排ガスの温度を急冷降下させると共に、該排ガス中に含まれている有害成分を中和して除去する排ガス処理装置とを備え、且つ、前記一次燃焼室と二次燃焼室との底部に夫々接続され、該一次燃焼室及び二次燃焼室へその底部から燃焼空気を送り込む送風装置の空気供給通路の少なくとも一方にフロン注入装置を具備し、前記排ガス処理装置に煙道を介して連絡する二次燃焼室の温度が設定温度範囲に達した時点で該二次燃焼室及び前記一次燃焼室のいずれか一方にその底部からフロンを燃焼空気と共に注入するようにし、上記排ガス処理装置は、二次燃焼室からの排ガスの温度を急冷降下させると共に、該排ガス中に含まれている有害成分を中和するするアルカリ洗浄液をシャワー状及び旋回流状に噴射する洗浄液噴射塔と、この洗浄液噴射塔からの排ガス中から中和処理され且つ液化された液分を分離して除去する液分離装置と、この液分離装置からの排ガスを煙突から大気中に誘引放出する誘引装置と、前記洗浄水噴射塔に接続され、該洗浄液噴射塔内へ前記アルカリ洗浄液を圧送する洗浄液槽とを備え、前記洗浄液噴射塔はアルカリ洗浄水をシャワー状に噴射する第1噴射器と、該アルカリ洗浄水を旋回流状に噴射する第2噴射器とを備えて、二次燃焼室からの排ガスにアルカリ洗浄水を第1噴射器にてシャワー状、第2噴射器にて旋回流状に噴射せしめて、該排ガスの温度を急冷降下すると共に、該排ガス中に含まれている有害成分を中和し、その中和された液分を液分離装置にて排ガス中から分離除去せしめた後に、該排ガスを誘引装置により煙突から大気中に排気放出するようにしたことを特徴とするフロンの分解処理システム。 A combustion furnace having a primary combustion chamber for thermally decomposing industrial waste and a secondary combustion chamber for completely burning the decomposition gas from the primary combustion chamber, and the temperature of exhaust gas from the secondary combustion chamber of the combustion furnace. An exhaust gas treatment device for quenching and lowering and neutralizing and removing harmful components contained in the exhaust gas, and connected to bottoms of the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber, respectively, At least one of the air supply passages of the blower that feeds combustion air from the bottom to the combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber is provided with a CFC injection device, and the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber that communicates with the exhaust gas treatment device via a flue. When the temperature reaches a set temperature range, chlorofluorocarbon is injected into the one of the secondary combustion chamber and the primary combustion chamber together with the combustion air from the bottom thereof, and the exhaust gas treatment device includes an exhaust gas from the secondary combustion chamber. Quench the temperature of A washing liquid jet tower for injecting an alkaline cleaning liquid for neutralizing harmful components contained in the exhaust gas into a shower and a swirling flow, and a neutralization treatment from the exhaust gas from the cleaning liquid jet tower; A liquid separator for separating and removing the liquefied liquid component, an attracting device for attracting and discharging the exhaust gas from the liquid separator from the chimney to the atmosphere, and connected to the washing water jet tower, wherein A cleaning liquid tank for pressure-feeding the alkaline cleaning liquid, wherein the cleaning liquid injection tower includes a first injector for injecting the alkaline cleaning water in a shower shape, and a second injector for injecting the alkaline cleaning water in a swirling flow. In addition, an alkaline washing water is injected into the exhaust gas from the secondary combustion chamber in a shower shape by a first injector and in a swirling flow by a second injector to rapidly cool down the temperature of the exhaust gas and to reduce the temperature of the exhaust gas. Included in Harmful components are neutralized, and the neutralized liquid component is separated and removed from the exhaust gas by a liquid separation device, and then the exhaust gas is exhausted to the atmosphere from a chimney by an attraction device. Characteristic CFC decomposition system.
JP15872197A 1997-06-16 1997-06-16 CFC decomposition system Expired - Fee Related JP3576753B2 (en)

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