JP3579704B2 - Underwater shield method and shield machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an underwater shield method and a shield machine.
[0002]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, in the construction of underwater tunnels, a submerging method, a shield method, and the like have been used. The submerged tunnel using the shield method has the advantages of a small amount of excavated soil and no need for a large-scale frame-building yard. However, it has disadvantages such as large earth covering and a large planned height of the tunnel. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to reduce the earth covering in the underwater shield construction method and efficiently backfill the segment tunnel constructed behind the shield machine.
[0003]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
[0006]
As a means of the present invention as a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention as a means of the present invention is to propel the shield machine underwater while assembling the segment at the rear, and let the earth and sand on the face side of the shield machine removed during propulsion flow into the shield machine. The present invention provides an underwater shield construction method characterized by penetrating a skin plate of a shield machine, communicating inside and outside, and backfilling the existing rear segment through a backfill pipe reaching the existing rear segment.
[0007]
Also, in the underwater shield method described above, part of the earth and sand that has flowed into the shield machine is used for backfilling the existing segment behind, and the other part is from the rear of the tunnel through the mud exhaust equipment inside the shield machine. To provide an underwater shield method characterized by carrying out.
[0008]
Then, part of the earth and sand on the face side of the shield machine is removed by means of excavation from above the water, and the shield machine is propelled underwater while assembling the segments at the rear. was flowing in the shield machine, communicates with the inside and outside through the skin plate of the shield machine, and wherein the backfill behind the existing segment through the pipe backfill reaching behind the existing segment, water shield Provide construction methods.
[0009]
Further, in the shield machine used in the underwater shield method described above , a means for taking in the earth and sand on the face side of the shield machine into the shield machine, and penetrating through the skin plate of the shield machine to the inside and outside, to the existing segment at the rear. and characterized in that it has a, a backfill tube for conveying to ambient behind the existing segments sediment captured in the shield machine reached, providing shielding machine.
[0010]
Also, in the shield machine used in the underwater shield method described above , a means for taking in the earth and sand on the face side of the shield machine into the shield machine, and penetrating through the skin plate of the shield machine to the inside and outside, to the existing segment at the rear. A backfill pipe for transporting a portion of the earth and sand that has arrived and taken into the shield machine to the periphery of the existing segment at the rear , and a mud discharging facility for carrying another portion of the earth and sand taken in from the rear of the tunnel. Provide a specially-designed shield machine. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0011]
Embodiment 1 of the present invention
<A> Structure of Shield Machine As shown in FIG. 1, the shield machine 100 of the first embodiment has a structure in which a cutter device is not provided on the front surface. A partition wall 110 is provided on the front surface of a cylindrical or rectangular skin plate, and a sediment intake 111 is opened on the bottom side. In addition, a cutting port 112 is provided on the outside so as to receive the earth and sand intake port 111 as necessary. In addition, a cutter device or a stirring device may be provided in order to easily take in the earth and sand.
[0012]
Inside the sediment intake port 111, a sediment intake device 120 is provided, and one end of a mud discharge pipe 121 reaching a predetermined earth removal place behind the tunnel communicates therewith. In the shield machine 100, in addition to the shield jack 130 and the automatic segment assembling apparatus 131, equipment necessary for construction of the shield tunnel, such as a sludge drainage equipment, is provided.
[0013]
<B> Propulsion of the shield machine While assembling the segment 200 behind the shield machine 100, the shield machine 100 is propelled by the shield jack 130. At this time, the earth covering is propelled with zero or very small. The earth and sand on the face side of the shield machine 100 is excavated by excavation means such as a dredger 300 on the water. Thereby, the propulsive force of the shield machine 100 can be reduced.
[0014]
The earth and sand left uncut near the bottom of the shield machine 100 among the earth and sand on the face side is allowed to flow into the earth and sand intake device 120 from the earth and sand intake port 111, and is discharged from the rear of the tunnel through the exhaust pipe 121. As described above, the excavation by the dredger 300 and the inflow of earth and sand by the propulsive force of the shield machine 100 can remove the earth and sand on the face side, so that it is not necessary to provide a cutter device on the front surface of the shield machine 100. Although not shown, a jet-type or mechanical-type earth and sand stirring device may be provided in the vicinity of the earth and sand inlet 111 toward the outside to facilitate earth and sand intake.
[0015]
A movable worktable 210 is continuously installed at the bottom of the completed tunnel, and a mud pipe 121 or the like is mounted thereon so that the shield machine 100 can follow the propulsion. Also, in order to prevent the tunnel from floating before backfilling, a weight carriage 220 that moves forward following the propulsion of the shield machine 100 is installed.
[0016]
<C> Backfill existing segments Back excavated by dredging ship 300 Sediment excavated by dredging vessel 300 is sequentially transported to the periphery of existing existing segment 200 behind by water, and backfilled sediment 400 is obtained. Therefore, the existing segment 200 can be efficiently backfilled following the propulsion of the shield machine 100.
[0017]
As a specific example of the conveying means, a belt conveyor barge 310 is connected to the rear of the dredger 300, and on these ships, a hopper 320 for charging earth and sand, a belt conveyor 330 for conveying, and around the existing segment 200 in the rear. It is conceivable to use a plurality of tremie pipes 340 into which earth and sand are charged. In addition, it is preferable to improve the soil quality by fluidizing the excavated earth and sand or mixing the solidified material in the middle of the conveying means.
[0018]
Embodiment 2 of the present invention
<A> Structure of Shield Machine As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the shield machine 500 according to the second embodiment has a structure in which a cutter device is not provided on the front surface. A partition 510 is provided on the front surface of the skin plate, and a sediment intake 511 is opened on the bottom side. Further, in front of the partition wall 510, a blade port 512 is provided to protrude outward so as to receive the sediment intake port 511. In addition, a cutter device or a stirring device may be provided in order to easily take in the earth and sand.
[0019]
A sediment intake device 520 is provided inside the sediment intake port 511, and communicates with a sediment sorting plant 530 installed in a tunnel by a sediment intake pipe 521. The sediment sorting plant 530 has a function of selecting a necessary amount for backfilling of the sediment taken in, and the unnecessary portion is transferred to a predetermined discharging site behind the tunnel through a drainage facility such as a drainage pipe 531. It is carried out.
[0020]
The required amount of earth and sand is sent to an earth and sand improvement plant 540 or the like, where the soil quality is improved by fluidization or mixing of a solidifying material. In addition, one end of the backfill pipe 550 communicates with the earth and sand improvement plant 540. The backfill tube 550 penetrates, for example, the upper surface of the skin plate of the shield machine 500 and reaches the existing segment 600 at the rear.
[0021]
The backfill pipe 550 has a plurality of branch pipes 551 that are branched on the segment 600 and extend downward so that backfill can be performed uniformly and efficiently. At this time, the backfill pipe may be composed of a plurality of independent pipes. Further, a moving device 552 such as a roller is provided in the backfill tube 550 on the segment 600 so as to follow the propulsion of the shield machine 500.
[0022]
In the shield machine 500, in addition to the shield jack 560, the automatic segment assembling device 561, etc., equipment necessary for constructing the shield tunnel is provided.
[0023]
<B> Propulsion of the shield machine The shield machine 500 is propelled by the shield jack 560 while assembling the segment 600 behind the shield machine 500. At this time, the earth and sand on the face side of the shield machine 500 is taken into the earth and sand intake device 520 from the earth and sand intake port 511 by the propulsive force.
[0024]
As described above, since the sediment on the face side can be removed by taking in the earth and sand by the propulsive force of the shield machine 500, it is not necessary to provide a cutter device on the front surface of the shield machine 500. Although not shown, a jet-type or mechanical-type earth and sand stirring device may be provided in the vicinity of the earth and sand intake port 511 toward the outside to facilitate earth and sand intake.
[0025]
A movable workbench 610 is continuously installed at the bottom of the completed tunnel, and a sediment sorting plant 530, a sediment improvement plant 540, and a mud pipe 531 are mounted thereon to promote the shield machine 500. Be able to follow. In order to prevent the tunnel from floating before backfilling, a weight carriage 620 that moves forward following the propulsion of the shield machine 500 is installed.
[0026]
<C> The sediment taken into the back-filled sediment intake device 520 of the existing rear segment is sent to the sediment sorting plant 530 via the sediment intake pipe 521, and unnecessary parts are sequentially sent to the rear of the tunnel via the drainage pipe 531. Excavate. The necessary portion is improved in the earth and sand improvement plant 540, and is sequentially conveyed to the periphery of the existing segment 600 at the rear through the backfill pipe 550 to obtain the backfill soil 700. Therefore, the existing segment 600 can be efficiently backfilled following the propulsion of the shield machine 500.
[0027]
Third Embodiment of the Invention
When propelling using the shield machine 500 according to the second embodiment, a part of the face earth and sand may be excavated from the water by the dredger 300 as used in the first embodiment. The amount of dredged soil from the water and the amount of soil taken into the shield machine 500 are balanced, and part of the excavated soil is disposed of as dredged soil via the water.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
<B> The face-side earth and sand can be successively conveyed around the existing segment at the rear through a conveying means on the water or a backfill pipe in the shield machine. Therefore, the existing segment can be efficiently backfilled following the propulsion of the shield machine.
[0029]
<B> Since backfilling is performed sequentially following the propulsion, the period during which the segments are exposed to the water can be shortened, and the safety of the tunnel during construction is improved.
[0030]
<C> In the case where the cutter device is not provided on the front surface of the shield machine, it is economical and requires less trouble.
[0031]
<D> Since the shield machine is excavated with zero or very small earth cover, the planned height of the tunnel can be reduced and the total length of the tunnel can be shortened.
[0032]
<E> In some cases, the disposal cost of excavated soil can be reduced by excavating part of the face earth and sand from the water and disposing it as dredged soil.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;

Claims (5)

Propelling the shield machine underwater while assembling segments behind,
The earth and sand on the face side of the shield machine removed during propulsion flow into the shield machine,
An underwater shield method, characterized by penetrating the skin plate of the shield machine and communicating inside and outside, and backfilling the existing segment at the back via a backfill pipe reaching the existing segment at the rear. In the underwater shield method according to claim 1,
Underwater shield method, in which part of the earth and sand that has flowed into the shield machine is used for backfilling the existing segment behind, and the other part is carried out from the back of the tunnel through the mud exhaust equipment inside the shield machine. . A part of the soil on the face side of the shield machine is removed by means of excavation from the water, and the shield machine is propelled underwater while assembling segments behind,
The other part of the earth and sand on the face side of the shield machine removed during propulsion flows into the shield machine,
An underwater shield method, characterized by penetrating the skin plate of the shield machine and communicating inside and outside, and backfilling the existing segment at the back via a backfill pipe reaching the existing segment at the rear. A shield machine used in the underwater shield method according to claim 1,
Means for taking the earth and sand on the face side of the shield machine into the shield machine,
A backfill pipe that penetrates through the skin plate of the shield machine and communicates inside and outside, reaches the existing segment at the rear, and conveys the earth and sand taken into the shield machine to the periphery of the existing segment at the back, and A shield machine. A shield machine used in the underwater shield method according to claim 2,
Means for taking the earth and sand on the face side of the shield machine into the shield machine,
A backfill pipe that penetrates through the skin plate of the shield machine and communicates inside and outside, reaches a rear existing segment, and conveys a part of the earth and sand taken into the shield machine around the rear existing segment,
A shield machine, comprising: a sludge discharging device for discharging another portion of the sediment taken in from behind the tunnel.

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