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JP3591845B2 - Paint composition - Google Patents
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JP3591845B2 - Paint composition - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP3591845B2
JP3591845B2 JP05572391A JP5572391A JP3591845B2 JP 3591845 B2 JP3591845 B2 JP 3591845B2 JP 05572391 A JP05572391 A JP 05572391A JP 5572391 A JP5572391 A JP 5572391A JP 3591845 B2 JP3591845 B2 JP 3591845B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
coating composition
weight
coating
partially hydrolyzed
coating film
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JP05572391A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH04275379A (en
Inventor
隆一 三浦
俊一 児玉
規智子 小林
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AGC Inc
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Asahi Glass Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は塗料組成物に関し、さらに詳しくは、塗膜外観及び塗膜性能に優れた被膜を与える、例えば自動車上塗塗料として好適に使用でき、硬い埃や洗車によって生じる擦傷や、公害である酸性雨に対して優れた抵抗性を有する塗料組成物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
自動車上塗としては従来アルキドメラミン樹脂塗料,アクリルメラミン樹脂塗料等が使用されているが、耐候性の点で必ずしも十分とはいえず長期間の美観を維持するために、ワックスがけを入念におこなっているが、満足できるものではなかった。かかる問題点を解決するためにフルオロオレフィン,シクロヘキシルビニルエーテル,アルキルビニルエーテル及びヒドロキシアルキルビニルエーテルを共重合してなる共重合体を含む被膜組成物が提案されている(特開昭 58−136662号公報参照)。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、この被膜組成物はメラミンやイソシアネートなどで硬化した場合に耐候性に優れた塗膜は得られるものの、硬い埃や洗車によって生じる擦傷や、公害である酸性雨に対して、より優れた抵抗性をもつことを期待されている。
【0004】
一方過去に、フルオロエチレンと水酸基含有ビニルエーテルとを主成分モノマーとして共重合してなる含フッ素共重合体と、エチルシリケートの部分加水分解物などの縮合ケイ酸との混合物が擦傷防止の表面処理剤として検討されている。しかし、硬化収縮時の亀裂発生のため、塗膜厚みがおおむね 5μm以下であり、自動車上塗塗料として使用し、酸性雨遮断性などの耐薬品性の点で下塗塗料を保護するのに十分な塗膜厚みを得ることができなかった。また、架橋密度が大きいために、塗膜硬度は高いものの、小石などの飛散に対するチッピング性などが不良なことが判っている。また、塗装方法が主としてディッピングによるなど、従来の自動車用塗装設備を利用できないなどの問題点がある。
【0005】
したがって、本発明の目的は前記した従来の自動車用上塗塗料の問題点を解決し、塗膜外観及び塗膜性能(例えば、耐候性,硬化性,リコート密着性など)に優れ、硬い埃や洗車によって生じる擦傷や酸性雨に対し優れた抵抗性を有する塗膜を与える塗料組成物を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、(A)水酸基価45〜110mgKOH/g、酸価5〜12mgKOH/gである含フッ素共重合体100重量部、並びに(B)アルコキシシランの部分加水分解縮合物または金属アルコキシドの部分加水分解縮合物5〜200重量部、を含有してなることを特徴とする塗料組成物を提供する。
【0007】
本発明の塗料組成物に配合される共重合体(A)は、水酸基価45〜110mgKOH/g、酸価5〜12mgKOH/gの共重合体である。かかる共重合体の使用によって所望の塗膜性能が得られる機構は必ずしも明確ではないが、共重合体中にカルボキシル基を導入することにより内部触媒の働きをするため、(B)のアルコキシシランの部分加水分解縮合物または金属アルコキシドの部分加水分解縮合物との一液型での均一混合を可能ならしめ、また架橋反応を、自動車用ライン塗装条件である140℃前後、30分前後の焼付条件での硬化を可能ならしめると考えられる。
【0008】
また(B)のアルコキシシランの部分加水分解縮合物または金属アルコキシドの部分加水分解縮合物の硬化時に生じる収縮による亀裂の発生を防ぎ、塗膜としての耐チッピング性低下などの脆さを防ぐ適度な柔軟性を与えたり、塗膜の耐久性,塗膜外観,硬化時の速度制御などに、水酸基価,酸価の調整が必要である。
【0009】
上記共重合体(A)の水酸基価は45〜110mgKOH/g、酸価は 5〜12mgKOH/g でなければならず、水酸基価が45mgKOH/g 未満であったり、酸価が 5mgKOH/g 未満であったりすると、硬化性が不足して塗膜性能が不良になるので好ましくなく、逆に水酸基価が110mgKOH/gを越えたり、酸価が12mgKOH/g を越えたりすると、硬化が過度になりすぎて塗膜が脆くなるので好ましくない。
【0010】
なお、ここで水酸基価及び酸価はそれぞれ以下のようにして測定したものをいう。
水酸基価:樹脂全重量とOH基含有モノマー量より計算
酸価:JIS−K−5400 8.5A 法
【0011】
本発明の塗料組成物に使用される(A)の含フッ素共重合体は、特公昭61−49323 号公報に記載された方法などにより製造が可能である。例えば、テラフルオロエチレン、クロロトリフルオロエチレンなどのフルオロオレフィンと、ヒドロキシアルキルビニルエーテル,ヒドロキシアルキルアリルエーテルなどの水酸基含有単量体とを共重合せしめる方法、あるいは、フルオロオレフィンと、ビニルアルコールのカルボン酸エステルの如き、加水分解により水酸基を発現する単量体を共重合した後、加水分解する方法などにより水酸基含有含フッ素共重合体を製造し、しかる後、多塩基酸無水物などを、該水酸基含有含フッ素共重合体の水酸基の量よりも少ない量にて、反応せしめることにより、水酸基および酸基を有する含フッ素共重合体が製造される。
【0012】
また、特開平1−268706号、特開平1−268707号、特開平1−268708号、特開平2−58555 号などに記載された方法、すなわち、フルオロオレフィン、水酸基含有単量体およびカルボキシル基含有単量体を共重合することにより、製造することも可能である。
【0013】
本発明における(A)の含フッ素共重合体は、水酸基価および酸価が上記範囲内にあれば、アルキルビニルエーテル、シクロアルキルビニルエーテル、アルキルアリルエーテル、カルボン酸ビニルエステルなどの単量体が共重合されていてもよい。
【0014】
また、本発明における(A)の含フッ素共重合体は、数平均分子量(GPCでポリスチレン換算で計算)が3000〜10000 の範囲にあるものが好ましい。数平均分子量が3000より小さいものは塗膜の耐久性が低下して好ましくない。また数平均分子量が10000 より大きいものは塗膜の外観が不良となる(例えば、鮮映性が悪くなる)ため好ましくない。
【0015】
また、(B)の成分は部分加水分解縮合物であることが重要である。アルコキシシランまたは金属アルコキシドを加水分解しないで使用すると、(A)成分との混合不均一、塗装時のハジキなどが発生し、添加量を増すと水酸基とアルコキシル基とのアンバランスを生じ、また、促進用触媒を添加しても前記焼付条件では十分でなく、アルコキシシランまたは金属アルコキシドによる収縮を生じ、単純な(A)成分の硬化剤としての役割を果たすのみで、本来の強靭性,耐擦傷性,耐薬品性を十分に発揮し得ない。貯蔵安定性もあり、混和性もある部分加水分解縮合物として使用することにより、本発明の成果を十分に発揮し得るものと考えられる。
【0016】
(B)の成分におけるアルコキシシランとしては、テトラアルコキシシラン,トリアルコキシシラン,ジアルコキシシランなどがあるが、塗膜の耐擦傷性などを考慮すると、テトラアルコキシシラン単独またはテトラアルコキシシランを主成分とし、若干のトリアルコキシシランまたはジアルコキシシランを含有することが好ましい。また、トリアルコキシシランまたはジアルコキシシランを併用することにより、硬化収縮時の亀裂発生を防止する適度の柔軟性が付与されることが期待できる。
【0017】
かかるアルコキシシランとしては、テトラブトキシシラン,テトラエトキシシラン,テトラメトキシシラン,テトラキス(2−メトキシエトキシ)シランなどが例示される。経済的には、テトラエトキシシランが安価に入手可能であることから好ましい。しかしながら、アルコキシル基の炭素数の小さいものは、硬化時に発生するアルコールが下地塗膜に悪影響(メタリックむらの発生など)を起こすことがある。一方、アルコキシル基の炭素数の大きいものは、硬化時に発生するアルコールの揮発性が悪く、塗膜中に残存するおそれがある。好ましくは、炭素数4〜8程度のアルコキシル基を有するシランである。
【0018】
また、(B)の成分がチタン,ジルコニウム,アルミニウムから選ばれる金属のアルコキシドの部分加水分解縮合物であってもよい。それぞれの金属により粘性及び塗膜の透明性(屈折率),耐薬品性,着色性,硬化速度に特徴があり、性能と経済性により選択して使用される。
また、前記アルコキシシランと同様に、金属のアルコキシドのアルコキシル基の炭素数が1〜12、特に3〜8であるものの部分加水分解縮合物が好ましい。具体的には Ti(O・i−C, Ti(O・n−C, Ti[OCHCH(C)C, Zr(O・i−C, Zr(O・n−C, Zr[OCHCH(C)C, Al(O・i−C , (i−CO)Al(sec−CO),(sec−CO)Al などの部分加水分解縮合物が挙げられる。
【0019】
アルコキシシランまたは金属アルコキシドの部分加水分解は、通常行なわれるように所望の塗料としての貯蔵安定性や塗膜物性に応じた計画量の水の添加によって行なわれる。通常、アルコキシシランまたは金属アルコキシドと水を均一系において反応させるため、エタノール,イソプロパノール,ブタノール,エチルセルソルブなどのアルコール系溶剤を添加して行なわれる。また、塩酸,リン酸などの無機酸や、酢酸,トルエンスルホン酸などの有機酸が触媒として使用される。
【0020】
テトラエトキシシランやテトラブトキシシランなどの部分加水分解は、市販の部分加水分解縮合物を使用しても良いが、単純なアルコールなどを溶剤としたシリカゾルでは粒子表面がアルコキシル基でないものがあり、本発明の(A)成分との間に架橋反応を形成し得ないので十分な塗膜の強度,耐薬品性なども発揮し得ないため、注意を要する。
【0021】
(A)成分 100重量部に対して(B)成分の固形分を 5〜200 重量部、好ましくは10〜100 重量部加えることにより本発明の効果が発揮されるが、(B)成分がこれ以下の場合は架橋が不十分でもあり、耐擦傷性に対する塗膜強度が十分でなく、これ以上であると塗膜が脆くなり、耐チッピング性などが劣る他、固形分として10〜20μm以上塗布された場合に硬化収縮による亀裂を生じる。
【0022】
さらに(A)成分及び(B)成分を必須成分とするが、この他にアクリル樹脂その他の合成樹脂または天然樹脂、メラミン,イソシアネート,アミン,エポキシ,アルコキシシラン,金属アルコキシドなどの硬化剤や触媒及び着色顔料、補強用顔料なども、塗料としての貯蔵安定性や(A)成分と(B)成分との反応硬化を著しく妨げない範囲で加えられてよいことはもちろんである。
【0023】
本発明の塗料組成物は一般的な塗料の調製方法にしたがって調合することができる。例えば、前記した(A)成分,(B)成分,硬化剤及びその他の任意成分、例えば着色材料,レベリング剤,沈降防止剤,色分かれ防止剤,消泡剤,ハジキ防止剤,顔料分散剤,紫外線吸収剤,酸化防止剤などを分散混合することによって調合することができる。
【0024】
このようにして調製した塗料組成物は、着色顔料を配合してソリッドカラー塗料としたり、着色顔料を全く配合しないか、透明性を失わない程度に配合してクリヤー塗料として使用できる。
【0025】
クリヤー塗料は、アクリルメラミン樹脂塗料などのメタリックベース塗料と組合せて、2コート1ベークメタリック塗膜を形成することができる。また、アクリルメラミン樹脂塗料などの2コート1ベークメタリック塗膜やアルキドメラミン樹脂塗料などのソリッドカラー塗膜の上に、サンディングなしに 5〜35μmのクリヤー塗料を塗装することによっても、下地との密着性,リコート密着性及び塗膜外観,グロスリテンション,撥水性が良く、変色,褪色しにくいなどの耐候性に非常に優れた塗膜を得ることができる。特に本発明の組成物を用いることにより、膜厚が 5〜20μmでも耐候性が良く外観の良好な塗膜が得られる。
【0026】
【実施例】
以下に実施例を挙げて本発明を具体的に説明するが、かかる実施例により本発明は何ら限定されるものでない。
【0027】
[実施例1]
内容積 2.5リットルのステンレス製撹拌機付きオートクレーブ(耐圧30kg/cm)にキシレン 946g,エタノール 266g,シクロヘキシルビニルエーテル(以下、CHVEという)106 g、エチルビニルエーテル(以下、EVEという)61g,ω−ヒドロキシブチルビニルエーテル(以下、HBVEという)131 g,炭酸カリウム 5.5g、t−ブチルパーオキシピバレート50%キシレン溶液4mlを仕込み、冷却脱気とチッ素ガスによる加圧を繰返して溶存空気を除去する。しかるのちにクロロトリフルオロエチレン(以下、CTFEという) 328g をオートクレーブ中に導入し昇温する。オートクレーブ内の温度が65℃に達した時点で圧力 4.0kg/cmG を示す。
【0028】
その後オートクレーブを水冷し、反応を停止した。室温に達した後、未反応モノマーをパージし、オートクレーブを開放する。得られたポリマーを減圧乾燥により単離した。
【0029】
ポリマー収量は 607g,ポリマー濃度33%,モノマー反応率97%であった。得られたポリマーの固有粘度(テトラヒドロフラン中、30℃)は、0.040dl/g 、GPCで測定したポリスチレン換算の重量平均分子量、数平均分子量及びその比はそれぞれ 18000,6200,2.90であった。この共重合体の13C NMRスペクトルにより同定定量したポリマー組成は、CTFE/CHVE/EVE/HBVE(モル%)=50/15/15/20であった。
【0030】
引き続いて、蒸留によりエタノールを除去し、ろ過により炭酸カリウムを除去した後、無水コハク酸11g、トリエチルアミン 0.1gを加え、70℃にて加熱撹拌を行い、水酸基価90mgKOH/g ,酸価10mgKOH/g の樹脂を得て、これをキシレンにて固形分65%とした。
【0031】
この含フッ素共重合体溶液 154重量部にテトラエトキシシランの部分加水分解縮合物 HAS−1(シリカ分20重量%)(コルコート(株))を50重量部、キシレンを250 重量部配合し、塗料組成物を得た。この塗料組成物を用いて後述の評価を行った。
以下の実施例および比較例には、塗料組成物の変更点のみを記述する。
【0032】
[実施例2]
実施例1の HAS−1が 250重量部である塗料組成物。
【0033】
[実施例3]
実施例1の HAS−1が 500重量部であり、キシレンの追加なしの塗料組成物。
【0034】
[実施例4]
実施例3において、含フッ素共重合体溶液を、実施例1の方法に準じて製造し、数平均分子量6000,水酸基価110mgKOH/g , 酸価2 mgKOH/g の含フッ素共重合体溶液(固形分65%)154 重量部とし、HAS−1 を1000重量部にえた塗料組成物。
【0035】
[実施例5]
実施例2にさらにアルキルエーテル化メラミン樹脂としてコーバン20 SE 60(三井東圧化学(株))50重量部が添加された塗料組成物。
【0036】
[実施例6]
実施例3にさらにアクリル樹脂としてヒタロイド3004(日立化成(株))(固形分50%,水酸基価 30 mg KOH/g )50重量部が添加された塗料組成物。
【0037】
[実施例7]
実施例3において、HAS−1 に代えて、あらかじめテトラブトキシシランに加水分解後のシリカ固形分が10%になるように計算された量のブタノールと水および触媒として1規定の塩酸を1重量%用いて反応し、調製されたテトラブトキシシラン部分加水分解縮合物 100重量部を使用した塗料組成物。
【0038】
[実施例8]
実施例3において、HAS−1 に代えて、あらかじめテトラブトキシシランとCHSi(O−nC の重量比が80/20でその加水分解後のシリカ固形分が10%となるように計算された量のブタノールと水および触媒として1規定の塩酸を1重量%用いて反応し、調製されたテトラブトキシシランとCHSi(O−nC の部分加水分解縮合物 100重量部を使用した塗料組成物。
【0039】
[実施例9]
実施例3において HAS−1に代えて、あらかじめテトラブトキシチタンに加水分解後の酸化チタンとしての固形分が 5%となるように計算された量のブタノールと水および触媒としてパラトルエンスルホン酸を0.01重量%用いて反応し、調製されたテトラブトキシチタンの部分加水分解縮合物 100重量部を使用した塗料組成物。
【0040】
[実施例10]
実施例9におけるテトラブトキシチタンに代えて、テトラブトキシジルコニウムを使用した塗料組成物。
【0041】
[実施例11]
実施例9におけるテトラブトキシチタンに代えて、トリイソプロポキシアルミニウムを使用した塗料組成物。
【0042】
[比較例1]
実施例5において HAS−1を使用しない塗料組成物。
【0043】
[比較例2]
実施例3において含フッ素共重合体溶液を使用しない塗料組成物。
【0044】
[比較例3]
実施例1において HAS−1が10重量部である塗料組成物。
【0045】
[比較例4]
実施例3において HAS−1が1500重量部である塗料組成物。
【0046】
[比較例5]
実施例3の含フッ素共重合体溶液に代えて、数平均分子量 15000,水酸基価 54mgKOH/g ,酸価 0mgKOH /g の含フッ素共重合体溶液(固形分60%)を167 重量部使用した塗料組成物。
【0047】
[比較例6]
実施例1の HAS−1に代えて、テトラエトキシシランを使用した塗料組成物。
【0048】
[比較例7]
実施例3の HAS−1に代えて、テトラエトキシシランを使用した塗料組成物。
【0049】
[比較例8]
実施例3の含フッ素共重合体溶液に代えて、クロロトリフルオロエチレンとヒドロキシブチルビニルエーテルとを1対1のモル比で2−ブタノール中で重合後(数平均分子量6000)固形分65%に調整したもの(水酸基価240mgKOH/g ,酸価
0mgKOH /g )を使用した塗料組成物。
【0050】
上記実施例1〜11、比較例1〜8の塗料組成物について、アルミニウム板にバーコーターにより乾燥塗膜厚み20μmになるよう塗布し、140 ℃のオーブンで30分間加熱硬化を行った。
【0051】
この塗膜について外観で透明性,艶の有無,亀裂発生の有無で評価(良を○、不良を×)した。密着性は、カミソリにて1 mm間隔で10本切り込みを入れ、これに直角方向に同様の操作を行った後、表面にセロテープを貼りつけ、次いでこれをはがし、良不良で判定(良を○、不良を×)した。
【0052】
硬化性は、塗膜表面をキシレンを浸み込ませたガーゼにて30回強く拭き、溶出するものを×、わずかに表面異常が認められるものを△、異常のないものを○とした。
【0053】
折り曲げ性は、直径5 mmの棒に塗面を上にして 180°折り曲げた時の割れ,剥離の発生の有無を判定(剥離無を○、剥離有を×)した。
【0054】
硬度は、各種かたさの鉛筆にて、JIS K−5400 6.14 (鉛筆引っかき試験)にしたがって試験した結果である。
【0055】
耐擦傷性は、家庭用のクレンザーにて水を含ませたスポンジで30回拭いた結果で、傷のひどいものを1点、ないものを5点として判定した結果であって、傷つきにくさと、傷の回復とのバランスを示している。
【0056】
耐酸性は、10%硫酸を0.5 g 塗膜表面に落し、70℃で24時間経過後、異常の有無で判定(異常無を○、異常有を×)した。塗膜自体の耐酸性及び保護機能が十分でなければ異常となる。
【0057】
これらの結果を表1に示した。(表1中、透明性の欄に*のあるものはハジキがあったことを示す)
【0058】
【表1】

Figure 0003591845
【0059】
表1で容易にわかるように、本発明の範囲でなければ、比較例1,3の如く、テトラエトキシシランの部分加水分解縮合物がなかったり少量の場合、硬度は発揮できず、メラミンなどの別の硬化剤がなければ硬化性も不十分である。比較例2,4の如く、テトラエトキシシランの部分加水分解縮合物が過多であり、またはそれのみである時には、この塗膜厚みでは自身の硬化収縮により亀裂が入る。また塗膜に艶色が得られない。比較例5の如く、酸価のない含フッ素樹脂を用いる時は相溶性も悪く、透明で艶のある塗膜が得られないばかりでなく、硬化性も不十分である。比較例6,7の如く、加水分解を行わないエチルシリケート原体を用いる時は、硬度も十分に発揮されず、加熱硬化も本条件では十分に行われず、合せて塗膜のハジキなどの問題を生じる。比較例8の如く、HAS−1 との相溶性と硬化性を高い水酸基価で補ったものは硬度は出るが、この塗膜厚みでは塗膜自身の硬化収縮により亀裂が入り、擦傷の回復力がない。
【0060】
以上の如く、本発明の範囲内であればこれらの塗膜は自動車用上塗塗料としての性能上問題がない。また耐候性としてはサンシャインウェザーオメーター(スガ試験機製)にていずれも3000時間異常は生じていないので十分である。
【0061】
【発明の効果】
本発明の塗料組成物は、耐候性に優れ、かつ、耐擦傷性に優れるため、自動車用上塗塗料として有用である。[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a coating composition, and more particularly, to a coating composition having excellent coating appearance and performance, which can be suitably used, for example, as a top coating for automobiles, abrasion caused by hard dust or car washing, and acid rain which is a pollution. The present invention relates to a coating composition having excellent resistance to a coating composition.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Alkyd melamine resin paint, acrylic melamine resin paint, etc. are conventionally used as automotive topcoats, but they are not always sufficient in terms of weather resistance and are carefully waxed to maintain long-term beauty. But it was not satisfactory. In order to solve such problems, a coating composition containing a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing fluoroolefin, cyclohexyl vinyl ether, alkyl vinyl ether and hydroxyalkyl vinyl ether has been proposed (see JP-A-58-136662). .
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when this coating composition is cured with melamine, isocyanate, etc., a coating excellent in weather resistance is obtained, but it has better resistance to abrasion caused by hard dust and car washing and acid rain which is a pollution. It is expected to have sex.
[0004]
On the other hand in the past, and fluoroethylene and hydroxyl group-containing vinyl ether and fluorine-containing copolymer obtained by copolymerizing as a main component monomer, the surface mixture of preventing abrasion of the condensation silicate such as partially hydrolyzed ethyl silicate It is being studied as a treatment agent. However, due to the occurrence of cracks during curing shrinkage, the thickness of the coating film is generally 5 μm or less, and it is used as an automotive top coating and has sufficient coating to protect the undercoat in terms of chemical resistance such as acid rain barrier properties. The film thickness could not be obtained. Further, it has been found that although the coating film hardness is high because of the high crosslinking density, the chipping property against scattering of pebbles and the like is poor. In addition, there is a problem that the conventional coating equipment for automobiles cannot be used because the coating method is mainly by dipping.
[0005]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional topcoat for automobiles, to provide excellent coating film appearance and coating film performance (eg, weather resistance, curability, recoat adhesion, etc.), hard dust and car wash. An object of the present invention is to provide a coating composition which gives a coating film having excellent resistance to abrasion and acid rain caused by the coating.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention, of (A) hydroxyl value 45~110mgKOH / g, an acid value 5~12mgKOH / g 100 parts by weight of the fluorine-containing copolymer is, and (B) an alkoxysilane partially hydrolyzed condensate or metal alkoxide providing coating composition characterized by containing a 5 to 200 parts by weight, of the partially hydrolyzed condensate.
[0007]
The copolymer (A) blended in the coating composition of the present invention is a copolymer having a hydroxyl value of 45 to 110 mgKOH / g and an acid value of 5 to 12 mgKOH / g. It is not necessarily clear desired mechanism coating film performance can be obtained by the use of such copolymers, to the inner workings of the catalyst by introducing a carboxyl group in the copolymer, the alkoxysilane (B) Uniform mixing in a one-pack type with partial hydrolysis condensate or partial hydrolysis condensate of metal alkoxide is possible, and the crosslinking reaction is carried out under baking conditions of about 140 ° C. and about 30 minutes, which are automotive line coating conditions. It is considered possible to cure with
[0008]
Further , it is possible to prevent the occurrence of cracks due to shrinkage generated during the curing of the partially hydrolyzed condensate of alkoxysilane (B) or the partially hydrolyzed condensate of metal alkoxide, and to prevent brittleness such as reduction in chipping resistance as a coating film. It is necessary to adjust the hydroxyl value and the acid value in order to provide a high degree of flexibility and to control the durability of the coating film, the appearance of the coating film, and the speed during curing.
[0009]
The copolymer (A) must have a hydroxyl value of 45 to 110 mg KOH / g and an acid value of 5 to 12 mg KOH / g, and have a hydroxyl value of less than 45 mg KOH / g or an acid value of less than 5 mg KOH / g. If it is present, the curability becomes insufficient and the coating film performance becomes poor, which is not preferable. Conversely, if the hydroxyl value exceeds 110 mgKOH / g or the acid value exceeds 12 mgKOH / g, the curing becomes excessive. It is not preferable because the coating film becomes brittle.
[0010]
Here, the hydroxyl value and the acid value refer to those measured as follows.
Hydroxyl value: Calculated from the total weight of resin and the amount of OH group-containing monomer. Acid value: JIS-K-5400 8.5A method
The fluorine-containing copolymer (A) used in the coating composition of the present invention can be produced by the method described in JP-B-61-49323. For example, Te preparative La fluoroethylene, and fluoroolefin such as chlorotrifluoroethylene, hydroxyalkyl vinyl ether, a method allowed to copolymerizing the hydroxyl group-containing monomers such as hydroxyalkyl allyl ether or a fluoroolefin, a vinyl alcohol carboxylic After copolymerizing a monomer that expresses a hydroxyl group by hydrolysis, such as an acid ester, a hydroxyl group-containing fluorinated copolymer is produced by a hydrolysis method or the like, and thereafter, a polybasic acid anhydride or the like is prepared. The reaction is carried out in an amount smaller than the amount of the hydroxyl group of the hydroxyl group-containing fluorine-containing copolymer, whereby a fluorine-containing copolymer having a hydroxyl group and an acid group is produced.
[0012]
Also, the methods described in JP-A-1-268706, JP-A-1-268707, JP-A-1-268708, JP-A-2-58555, etc., namely, a fluoroolefin, a hydroxyl-containing monomer and a carboxyl-containing monomer It can also be produced by copolymerizing monomers.
[0013]
In the present invention, when the hydroxyl value and the acid value are within the above-mentioned ranges, monomers such as alkyl vinyl ether, cycloalkyl vinyl ether, alkyl allyl ether and vinyl carboxylate are copolymerized with the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) in the present invention. It may be.
[0014]
Further, the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) in the present invention preferably has a number average molecular weight (calculated in terms of polystyrene by GPC) of from 3,000 to 10,000. Those having a number average molecular weight of less than 3000 are not preferred because the durability of the coating film is reduced. Further, those having a number average molecular weight of more than 10,000 are not preferred because the appearance of the coating film becomes poor (for example, the sharpness deteriorates).
[0015]
It is important that the component (B) is a partially hydrolyzed condensate. If the alkoxysilane or metal alkoxide is used without hydrolysis, non-uniform mixing with the component (A), cissing at the time of coating or the like will occur, and if the amount added is increased, an unbalance between the hydroxyl group and the alkoxyl group will occur. Even if a catalyst for promotion is added, the above-mentioned baking conditions are not sufficient, and shrinkage due to an alkoxysilane or metal alkoxide occurs, and only the role of a simple curing agent of the component (A) is exerted. Cannot exhibit sufficient resistance and chemical resistance. It is considered that the effects of the present invention can be sufficiently exerted by using as a partially hydrolyzed condensate which has both storage stability and miscibility.
[0016]
As the alkoxysilane in the component (B), there are tetraalkoxysilane, trialkoxysilane, dialkoxysilane, and the like. In consideration of the scratch resistance of the coating film, tetraalkoxysilane alone or tetraalkoxysilane as a main component is used. It is preferable to contain some trialkoxysilane or dialkoxysilane. In addition, by using trialkoxysilane or dialkoxysilane in combination, it is expected that appropriate flexibility for preventing crack generation during curing shrinkage is provided.
[0017]
Such alkoxysilanes, tetrabutoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, tetramethoxysilane, etc. tetrakis (2-methoxyethoxy) silane. Economically, tetraethoxysilane is preferred because it is available at low cost. However, when the alkoxyl group has a small number of carbon atoms, the alcohol generated during curing may have an adverse effect on the underlying coating film (such as the occurrence of metallic unevenness). On the other hand, those having a large number of carbon atoms in the alkoxyl group have poor volatility of the alcohol generated during curing and may remain in the coating film. Preferably, it is a silane having an alkoxyl group having about 4 to 8 carbon atoms.
[0018]
The component (B) may be a partially hydrolyzed condensate of an alkoxide of a metal selected from titanium, zirconium and aluminum. Each metal has characteristics such as viscosity, transparency (refractive index) of the coating film, chemical resistance, coloring property, and curing speed, and is selected depending on performance and economy.
Further, as in the case of the alkoxysilane, a partially hydrolyzed condensate of a metal alkoxide having 1 to 12, particularly 3 to 8 carbon atoms in an alkoxyl group is preferable. Specifically Ti (O · i-C 3 H 7) 4, Ti (O · n-C 4 H 9) 4, Ti [OCH 2 CH (C 2 H 5) C 4 H 9] 4, Zr ( O · i-C 3 H 7 ) 4, Zr (O · n-C 4 H 9) 4, Zr [OCH 2 CH (C 2 H 5) C 4 H 9] 4, Al (O · i-C 3 Partial hydrolysis condensates such as H 7 ) 3 , (i-C 3 H 7 O) 2 Al (sec-C 4 H 9 O), and (sec-C 4 H 9 O) 3 Al are exemplified.
[0019]
The partial hydrolysis of the alkoxysilane or metal alkoxide is carried out by adding a planned amount of water according to the storage stability and physical properties of the coating as desired, as is usually done. Usually, an alcoholic solvent such as ethanol, isopropanol, butanol or ethyl cellosolve is added in order to react the alkoxysilane or metal alkoxide with water in a homogeneous system. In addition, inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid, and organic acids such as acetic acid and toluenesulfonic acid are used as catalysts.
[0020]
For the partial hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane or tetrabutoxysilane, a commercially available partially hydrolyzed condensate may be used.However, in the case of a silica sol using a simple alcohol or the like as a solvent, the particle surface is not an alkoxyl group. Care must be taken because a cross-linking reaction cannot be formed with the component (A) of the invention, so that sufficient strength and chemical resistance of the coating film cannot be exhibited.
[0021]
The effect of the present invention is exhibited by adding 5 to 200 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 100 parts by weight of the solid component (B) to 100 parts by weight of the component (A). In the following cases, crosslinking is also insufficient, and the coating strength with respect to the scratch resistance is not sufficient. If it is more than this, the coating film becomes brittle, the chipping resistance is poor, and the solid content is 10 to 20 μm or more. Cracks due to cure shrinkage.
[0022]
Although further components (A) and component (B) as essential components, the addition to the acrylic resin other synthetic resins or natural resins, melamine, isocyanate, amine, epoxy, alkoxy silane, a curing agent and a catalyst and such a metal alkoxide Needless to say, a coloring pigment, a reinforcing pigment, and the like may be added within a range that does not significantly hinder the storage stability as a paint and the reaction curing of the component (A) and the component (B).
[0023]
The coating composition of the present invention can be prepared according to a general coating preparation method. For example, component (A), component (B), a curing agent and other optional components such as coloring materials, leveling agents, anti-settling agents, anti-segregation agents, defoamers, anti-cissing agents, pigment dispersants, It can be prepared by dispersing and mixing an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant and the like.
[0024]
The paint composition thus prepared can be used as a solid color paint by blending a color pigment, or a clear paint by blending no color pigment at all or to such an extent that transparency is not lost.
[0025]
The clear paint can form a two-coat one-bake metallic coating in combination with a metallic base paint such as an acrylic melamine resin paint. Adhesion with the base can also be achieved by applying a 5-35 μm clear paint without sanding on a 2-coat 1-bake metallic paint such as acrylic melamine resin paint or a solid color paint such as alkyd melamine resin paint. It is possible to obtain a coating film which is excellent in weatherability such as good properties, recoat adhesion and coating film appearance, gloss retention, water repellency and hardly discoloration or fading. In particular, by using the composition of the present invention, a coating film having good weather resistance and good appearance can be obtained even when the film thickness is 5 to 20 μm.
[0026]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.
[0027]
[Example 1]
946 g of xylene, 266 g of ethanol, 106 g of cyclohexyl vinyl ether (hereinafter, referred to as CHVE) and 61 g of ethyl vinyl ether (hereinafter, referred to as EVE) were placed in a 2.5-liter autoclave with a stirrer made of stainless steel (withstand pressure of 30 kg / cm 2 ). 131 g of hydroxybutyl vinyl ether (hereinafter, referred to as HBVE), 5.5 g of potassium carbonate, and 4 ml of a 50% xylene solution of t-butyl peroxypivalate were charged, and dissolved air was removed by repeating cooling degassing and pressurization with nitrogen gas. I do. Thereafter, 328 g of chlorotrifluoroethylene (hereinafter referred to as CTFE) is introduced into the autoclave and the temperature is raised. When the temperature in the autoclave reaches 65 ° C., the pressure shows 4.0 kg / cm 2 G.
[0028]
Thereafter, the autoclave was cooled with water to stop the reaction. After reaching room temperature, unreacted monomers are purged and the autoclave is opened. The obtained polymer was isolated by drying under reduced pressure.
[0029]
The polymer yield was 607 g, the polymer concentration was 33%, and the monomer conversion was 97%. The intrinsic viscosity of the obtained polymer (in tetrahydrofuran at 30 ° C.) was 0.040 dl / g, and the weight average molecular weight and number average molecular weight in terms of polystyrene measured by GPC were 18,000, 6200, and 2.90, respectively. Was. The polymer composition identified and quantified by 13 C NMR spectrum of this copolymer was CTFE / CHVE / EVE / HBVE (mol%) = 50/15/15/20.
[0030]
Subsequently, ethanol was removed by distillation, and potassium carbonate was removed by filtration. Then, 11 g of succinic anhydride and 0.1 g of triethylamine were added, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 70 ° C. to give a hydroxyl value of 90 mg KOH / g and an acid value of 10 mg KOH / g. g of resin was obtained, and this was made up to a solid content of 65% with xylene.
[0031]
To 154 parts by weight of this fluorinated copolymer solution, 50 parts by weight of a partially hydrolyzed condensate of tetraethoxysilane (having a silica content of 20% by weight) (Colcoat Co., Ltd.) and 250 parts by weight of xylene were blended. A composition was obtained. The following evaluation was performed using this coating composition.
In the following Examples and Comparative Examples, only the changes of the coating composition are described.
[0032]
[Example 2]
A coating composition in which HAS-1 of Example 1 is 250 parts by weight.
[0033]
[Example 3]
HAS-1 of Example 1 is 500 parts by weight and the coating composition without the addition of xylene.
[0034]
[Example 4]
In Example 3, a fluorinated copolymer solution was produced according to the method of Example 1 and had a number average molecular weight of 6000, a hydroxyl value of 110 mgKOH / g, and an acid value of 2 mgKOH / g (solids). min 65%) and 154 parts by weight, the coating composition was E varying hAS-1 to 1000 parts by weight.
[0035]
[Example 5]
A coating composition obtained by adding 50 parts by weight of Koban 20 SE 60 (Mitsui Toatsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) as an alkyl etherified melamine resin to Example 2.
[0036]
[Example 6]
A coating composition in which 50 parts by weight of Hitaloid 3004 (Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) (solid content: 50%, hydroxyl value: 30 mg KOH / g) is further added to Example 3 as an acrylic resin.
[0037]
[Example 7]
In Example 3, butanol and water were used instead of HAS-1 in an amount previously calculated so that the silica solid content after hydrolysis into tetrabutoxysilane was 10%, and 1 N hydrochloric acid as a catalyst was added at 1% by weight. A coating composition using 100 parts by weight of a partially hydrolyzed condensate of tetrabutoxysilane prepared by reacting with the above.
[0038]
Example 8
In Example 3, instead of HAS-1, silica solids after the hydrolysis of 10% in advance by weight of tetrabutoxysilane and CH 3 Si (O-nC 4 H 9) 3 is 80/20 Reaction of butanol with water and 1 N hydrochloric acid as a catalyst in an amount of 1% by weight as calculated above, and partial hydrolysis and condensation of tetrabutoxysilane and CH 3 Si (O-nC 4 H 9 ) 3 A coating composition using 100 parts by weight of a product.
[0039]
[Example 9]
In Example 3, butanol and water were used instead of HAS-1 in an amount previously calculated so that the solid content as titanium oxide after hydrolysis to tetrabutoxytitanium was 5%, and paratoluenesulfonic acid was used as a catalyst. A coating composition using 100 parts by weight of a partially hydrolyzed condensate of tetrabutoxytitanium prepared by reacting with 0.11% by weight.
[0040]
[Example 10]
A coating composition using tetrabutoxyzirconium in place of the tetrabutoxytitanium in Example 9.
[0041]
[Example 11]
A coating composition using triisopropoxy aluminum instead of titanium tetrabutoxy in Example 9.
[0042]
[Comparative Example 1]
The coating composition which does not use HAS-1 in Example 5.
[0043]
[Comparative Example 2]
A coating composition which does not use a fluorine-containing copolymer solution in Example 3.
[0044]
[Comparative Example 3]
A coating composition according to Example 1, wherein HAS-1 is 10 parts by weight.
[0045]
[Comparative Example 4]
A coating composition according to Example 3, wherein HAS-1 is 1500 parts by weight.
[0046]
[Comparative Example 5]
167 parts by weight of a fluorinated copolymer solution having a number average molecular weight of 15,000, a hydroxyl value of 54 mg KOH / g, and an acid value of 0 mg KOH / g (solid content: 60%) instead of the fluorinated copolymer solution of Example 3 Composition.
[0047]
[Comparative Example 6]
A coating composition using tetraethoxysilane in place of HAS-1 in Example 1.
[0048]
[Comparative Example 7]
A coating composition using tetraethoxysilane in place of HAS-1 in Example 3.
[0049]
[Comparative Example 8]
Instead of the fluorinated copolymer solution of Example 3, chlorotrifluoroethylene and hydroxybutyl vinyl ether were polymerized in 2-butanol at a molar ratio of 1: 1 (number average molecular weight: 6000), and the solid content was adjusted to 65%. A coating composition using the following (hydroxyl value 240 mgKOH / g, acid value 0 mgKOH / g).
[0050]
The coating compositions of Examples 1 to 11 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8 were applied to an aluminum plate by a bar coater so as to have a dry coating thickness of 20 μm, and were heated and cured in an oven at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes.
[0051]
This coating film was evaluated in terms of appearance in terms of transparency, glossiness, and occurrence of cracks (good for 、, poor for x). Adhesion was determined by making 10 cuts at 1 mm intervals with a razor, performing the same operation at right angles to the cut, attaching a cellophane tape to the surface, and then peeling it off. , Defective).
[0052]
Regarding the curability, the coating film surface was strongly wiped 30 times with a gauze impregnated with xylene, eluted: x, eluted with slight surface abnormality, and △ without abnormality.
[0053]
The bendability was determined by the presence or absence of cracking and peeling when the rod was bent 180 ° with the coated surface facing up on a rod having a diameter of 5 mm (O for no peeling and X for peeled).
[0054]
The hardness is a result of a test using a pencil of various hardness in accordance with JIS K-5400 6.14 (pencil scratch test).
[0055]
The abrasion resistance is the result of wiping 30 times with a sponge soaked in water with a household cleanser. The result was determined as 1 point with severe damage and 5 points with no damage. Shows a balance with wound healing.
[0056]
The acid resistance was determined by dropping 0.5 g of 10% sulfuric acid on the surface of the coating film and determining whether there was any abnormality after 24 hours at 70 ° C. ((: no abnormality, x: abnormal). If the acid resistance and the protective function of the coating film itself are not sufficient, it will be abnormal.
[0057]
Table 1 shows the results. (In Table 1, those marked with * in the transparency column indicate that there was cissing.)
[0058]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003591845
[0059]
As can be easily understood from Table 1, if not within the scope of the present invention, as in Comparative Examples 1 and 3, when there is no or a small amount of a partially hydrolyzed condensate of tetraethoxysilane, the hardness cannot be exhibited, and melamine and the like cannot be exhibited. Without another curing agent, the curability is also insufficient. As in Comparative Examples 2 and 4, when the amount of the partially hydrolyzed condensate of tetraethoxysilane is excessive or only the amount, cracks are caused by the curing shrinkage of the film at this coating thickness. Also, a glossy color cannot be obtained in the coating film. When a fluorine-containing resin having no acid value is used as in Comparative Example 5, the compatibility is poor, and not only a transparent and glossy coating film cannot be obtained, but also the curability is insufficient. As in Comparative Examples 6 and 7, when an ethyl silicate raw material that does not undergo hydrolysis is used, the hardness is not sufficiently exhibited, and the heat curing is not sufficiently performed under the present conditions. Is generated. As shown in Comparative Example 8, when the compatibility with HAS-1 and the curability were supplemented with a high hydroxyl value, the hardness was increased, but at this film thickness, cracks were formed due to the curing shrinkage of the film itself, and the abrasion recovery power There is no.
[0060]
As described above, these coatings have no problem in performance as an automotive topcoat within the scope of the present invention. In addition, the weather resistance is sufficient because no abnormality has occurred for 3000 hours with a sunshine weather ometer (manufactured by Suga Test Instruments).
[0061]
【The invention's effect】
Since the coating composition of the present invention has excellent weather resistance and excellent scratch resistance, it is useful as a top coating for automobiles.

Claims (4)

(A)水酸基価45〜110mgKOH/g、酸価5〜12mgKOH/gである含フッ素共重合体100重量部、並びに(B)アルコキシシランの部分加水分解縮合物または金属アルコキシドの部分加水分解縮合物5〜200重量部、を含有してなることを特徴とする塗料組成物。(A) a hydroxyl value 45~110mgKOH / g, 100 parts by weight of the fluorine-containing copolymer having an acid value of 5~12mgKOH / g, and (B) alkoxysilane of the silane partial hydrolytic condensate, or metal alkoxide partial hydrolysis condensation coating composition characterized by containing a 5 to 200 parts by weight, of the object. (B)の成分が、テトラアルコキシシランの部分加水分解縮合物である請求項1記載の塗料組成物。The coating composition according to claim 1 , wherein the component (B) is a partially hydrolyzed condensate of a tetraalkoxysilane. (B)の成分が、テトラアルコキシシランと、トリアルコキシシランまたはジアルコキシシランとの部分加水分解縮合物である請求項1記載の塗料組成物。The coating composition according to claim 1 , wherein the component (B) is a partially hydrolyzed condensate of a tetraalkoxysilane and a trialkoxysilane or a dialkoxysilane. (B)の成分が、チタン,ジルコニウム,アルミニウムから選ばれる金属のアルコキシドの部分加水分解縮合物である請求項1記載の塗料組成物。The coating composition according to claim 1 , wherein the component (B) is a partially hydrolyzed condensate of an alkoxide of a metal selected from titanium, zirconium, and aluminum.
JP05572391A 1991-02-28 1991-02-28 Paint composition Expired - Lifetime JP3591845B2 (en)

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JP3591845B2 true JP3591845B2 (en) 2004-11-24

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DE69423719T2 (en) * 1993-07-14 2000-07-27 Asahi Glass Co. Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo COATING RESIN COMPOSITION
JP2945949B2 (en) * 1994-06-28 1999-09-06 工業技術院長 Room-temperature-curable coating sol composition and method for producing fluorocopolymer / silica glass hybrid using the same
JP4081929B2 (en) * 1998-08-04 2008-04-30 Jsr株式会社 Photocurable resin composition and cured film
KR100391012B1 (en) * 1999-12-14 2003-07-12 서일화학 주식회사 Elastomeric paint compostion having low friction and high heat resistance
JP4062392B2 (en) 2000-08-04 2008-03-19 信越化学工業株式会社 Silicone resin for coating composition, method for producing the same, coating composition and article having this cured film
JP2003003117A (en) * 2001-06-21 2003-01-08 Jsr Corp Gas barrier coating composition and gas barrier coating film
US9175177B2 (en) 2007-01-23 2015-11-03 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Coating composition
CN101970587B (en) 2008-03-14 2014-03-12 旭硝子株式会社 Coating agent composition
CN102361944B (en) 2009-03-25 2014-12-10 大金工业株式会社 Low-polluting room-temperature-curable coating composition
JP5672232B2 (en) 2009-03-31 2015-02-18 ダイキン工業株式会社 Room temperature curable resin coating composition
WO2018181427A1 (en) 2017-03-30 2018-10-04 日東電工株式会社 Heat-shielding heat insulating substrate
CN118421140A (en) * 2024-03-26 2024-08-02 国电电力新疆新能源开发有限公司 Anti-icing coating and preparation method and application thereof

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