JP3594774B2 - Filter unit - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a filter unit that can be easily attached to an existing drain pipe or the like and used, and thereby to a filter unit that can realize an excellent water purification function using an existing tubular object.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, as part of the restoration of the natural environment, it has been strongly required to purify the water quality of rivers, lakes, or the sea. As an object for which purification is required, for example, paddy field scraping is the work of adding water and fertilizer prior to planting rice, plowing the soil of the field, flattening the soil surface, and restoring the ground strength This method has been used for a long time. When this scraping is performed, a large amount of mud flows into the river in a relatively short time from the agricultural drainage channel. Discharge of such a large amount of muddy water into a river poses a problem of adverse effects on the natural environment, as well as discharge of groundwater and rainwater generated during civil engineering work.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, muddy water purification has been mainly performed in a state where pollutants have spread. For this reason, the required purification technology is extremely difficult, and as a result, there is a problem that the installation scale is large, the initial cost and the cost required for maintenance are high, and the human labor is also large.
The inventors according to the present application have made extensive studies to realize simple and effective purification at a place where muddy water is generated using existing water guide equipment, and as a result, have completed the present invention. .
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and is a filter unit that can perform effective muddy water purification at a sludge generation source by being easily attached to an existing drain pipe or the like. The purpose is to provide.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is a filter unit installed in a drain pipe for purifying waste water flowing through the drain pipe, wherein the filter unit has a cylindrical filter and the filter housed therein. And a water-permeable spacer that separates the drain pipe and the filter to form a flow path, and is provided at the upstream end of the spacer to expose the upstream end face of the filter and to drain into the gap between the spacer and the drain pipe. And a sealing member for sealing the downstream end surface of the filter.
According to the present invention, all the wastewater flowing through the drainage pipe passes through the filter and is discharged through the spacer, so that muddy water and the like can be reliably removed and the wastewater can be purified.
[0005]
The invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that an opening from the upstream end face to the downstream end face of the filter is formed at the center of the filter.
According to the present invention, since drainage reaches the downstream side of the filter with low resistance, even if clogging occurs in any part of the filter, purified water can be discharged from other parts.
[0006]
The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the filter is made of a nonwoven fabric.
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, manufacture is easy and the aperture diameter of a filter can be adjusted concentrically.
[0007]
The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the opening diameter of the filter is largest in the innermost layer in the circumferential direction and smallest in the outermost layer.
According to the present invention, the purification proceeds while being sequentially captured from the mud component having a large particle diameter in the waste water, so that the life of the filter can be maintained long.
[0008]
The invention described in claim 5 is characterized in that the spacer is formed spirally and / or linearly in the extending direction of the filter.
According to the present invention, a gap between the spacer and the drain pipe is secured, and purified water can be discharged from the gap.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In each of the drawings, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding portions, and redundant description will be omitted.
FIG. 1 is a schematic side sectional view showing a state in which a filter unit according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached to a drain pipe, and partially shows an end surface thereof. FIG. 2 is a front view of the filter unit shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from the upstream side in the flow direction.
[0010]
In these figures, the filter unit 1A can be used by being installed in an existing drainage pipe, for example, an earth pipe 100, and has a cylindrical filter 2 made of a nonwoven fabric that is sequentially laminated and wound. The filter 2 has the largest hole diameter in the innermost layer in the circumferential direction and the smallest hole diameter in the outermost layer. An opening 3 is formed at the center of the filter unit 1A, and serves to spread muddy water flowing into the filter unit 1A in the extending direction of the earth pipe 100.
[0011]
A holding member 4 for holding the form of the filter 2 is arranged on the outer periphery of the filter 2. The filter 2 is housed inside the outer periphery of the holding member 4, and the earth pipe 100 and the filter 2 are separated from each other. A spacer 5 forming a flow path is provided spirally in the extending direction of the filter 2. The holding member 4 need not be used as long as the shape of the filter 2 can be maintained by the spacer 5.
[0012]
A cover 6 is provided on the end face on the upstream side in the flow direction of the filter unit 1A in order to prevent muddy water from directly flowing into the gap between the filter unit 1A and the earth pipe 100. On the other hand, on the downstream side in the flow direction of the filter unit 1A, a sealing member 7 for preventing muddy water from directly leaking from the opening 3 is mounted.
[0013]
When the filter unit 1A is mounted on the earth pipe 100, the end of the filter unit 1A provided with the sealing member 7 is directed to the downstream side of a drain pipe or the like, and the end provided with the cover 6 of the filter unit 1A is connected to the end. It is inserted into the earth pipe 100 toward the upstream side. At this time, the cover 6 is attached to the end of the clay pipe 100 so that muddy water does not flow into the gap between the filter unit 1A and the clay pipe 100. With this cover 6, all wastewater including muddy water is introduced into the filter 2.
[0014]
The mud introduced into the filter 2 oozes in the outer peripheral direction of the filter 2 to purify the mud, and the purified water to be treated is discharged from the gap defined between the spacer 5 and the inner wall of the earth pipe 100. Is done. Here, since the opening 3 is formed in the center of the filter 2, the muddy water spreads downstream of the earth pipe 100 in the flow direction through the opening 3. Therefore, even if clogging occurs in any part of the filter 2, the downstream filter 2 can be effectively used. Further, a sealing member 7 for preventing the muddy water from leaking directly from the opening 3 is provided at the downstream end of the filter unit 1A in the flow direction, so that the muddy water always passes through the filter 2 and is discharged. Will be done.
[0015]
As described above, the filter 2 maximizes the opening diameter of the innermost layer and minimizes the opening diameter of the outermost layer. The opening diameter of the innermost layer of the filter 2 is desirably 150 μm to 500 μm, and more desirably, 150 μm to 300 μm. If the opening diameter of the filter 2 is less than 150 μm, sand particles in the muddy water may cause clogging, shortening the life of the filter 2, which is not desirable. If the opening diameter of the filter 2 exceeds 500 μm, the muddy water component is not sufficiently captured. This is because it cannot be done.
[0016]
On the other hand, the opening diameter of the outermost layer of the filter 2 is preferably in the range of 20 μm to 60 μm in order to capture fine particles of the SS (suspended matter, suspended solids) in muddy water. is there.
The above-mentioned opening diameter can achieve a desired opening diameter by winding a plurality of nonwoven fabric sheets having various different opening diameters in multiple layers.
Furthermore, the reason why the opening diameter of the innermost layer of the filter 2 is increased to increase the porosity is mainly to secure the trapped amount of SS, and it is also possible to achieve the spread of the muddy water in the extending direction of the earth pipe 100. .
[0017]
The height of the spacer 5 in the circumferential direction is preferably, for example, about 5 mm to 50 mm, and desirably 1% to 15% of the diameter of the filter 2. If the height of the spacer 5 is less than 5 mm, the amount of discharge becomes small, and if it exceeds 50 mm, the filter 2 must be reduced in the limited earth pipe 100, and the amount of use of the filter 2 is efficiently secured. This is because it becomes difficult.
Further, the diameter of the opening 3 is desirably in the range of 20% to 50% of the diameter of the filter 2. If the diameter of the opening 3 is too small, uniform introduction of drainage into the filter 2 cannot be achieved, and if it is too large, the amount of the filter 2 used cannot be ensured. It is desirable to adopt a desired value.
[0018]
The filter 2 can be manufactured by laminating and winding a nonwoven fabric, and includes, for example, a sealing means (for example, a heat seal, an ultrasonic seal or a high-frequency seal), an adhesive means (for example, an adhesive), or a suturing means. A plurality of nonwoven fabrics can be laminated (for example, using a sewing machine or the like). Alternatively, it may be produced by winding a non-woven fabric and binding it with a string or the like.
FIG. 3 is a schematic partial perspective view showing a state in which the nonwoven fabric before the cover of the filter unit similar to that shown in FIG. The spacers 5 shown in FIG. 3 are not spirally formed as shown in FIG. 1, but are provided in a rib shape at predetermined intervals (the same applies to FIGS. 4 to 7 described later).
In the figure, the filter 2 can be fixed at a plurality of locations by winding the non-woven fabric and tying it with a string 8. Next, the filter 2 is inserted into the spacer 5 having the holding member 4 to obtain the filter unit 1A.
[0019]
As a fiber constituting the nonwoven fabric, for example, a fiber made of a thermoplastic resin such as polyolefin, polyester, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, or polyvinylidene chloride, or a composite fiber containing these thermoplastic resins can be used. In addition, in consideration of disposal after using the filter unit 1A, biodegradable materials such as cellulosic fibers, cotton fibers, rice husks, and straws can be suitably used.
[0020]
FIG. 4 is a schematic partial perspective view showing a filter unit 1B according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, rice hulls 8 are filled in a low-density nonwoven fabric 2a having a large opening diameter, and a filter is constituted by the rice husks 8 and the low-density nonwoven fabric 2a to form a filter unit 1B. By using the rice husk 8 in the center of the filter, the muddy water can easily pass through, so that the muddy water can be spread to the end of the filter unit 1B, and the muddy water can be sufficiently purified.
[0021]
FIG. 5 is a schematic partial perspective view showing a filter unit 1C according to still another embodiment of the present invention. This filter unit 1C is basically the same as that in FIG. 4 except that the filter is composed of rice husk 8, a low-density nonwoven fabric 2a having a large opening diameter, and a high-density nonwoven fabric 2b having a small opening diameter. As a result, since the opening diameter of the innermost layer can be made larger than that of the outermost layer, the purification proceeds while the muddy water is sequentially captured from those having a large particle diameter, so that the filter life can be extended. There are advantages.
[0022]
FIG. 6 is a schematic partial perspective view showing a filter unit 1D according to still another embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, a filter is formed by covering a straw 9 with a high-density nonwoven fabric 2b having a small opening diameter, thereby forming a filter unit 1D.
With such a configuration, the opening diameter can be increased from the outermost layer to the innermost layer, and the same effect as that of FIG. 5 can be obtained. In the case of the filter unit 1D using the straw 9, similarly to FIG. 5, it is possible to use a low-density nonwoven fabric and a high-density nonwoven fabric together.
[0023]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples.
[Example]
First, in order to form a central opening, a mesh-shaped hollow cylindrical member 10 having a diameter of 30 mm was used, and the following four types of nonwoven fabric were sequentially wound and tied with a string to obtain a filter having a length of 2 m. The filter unit 1E provided with the hollow cylindrical member 10 is schematically shown in an exploded manner in FIG. In this figure, the following multiple nonwoven fabric layers: a first layer 2c, a second layer 2d, a third layer 2e, and a fourth layer 2f are sequentially wound around the hollow cylindrical member 10.
[0024]
First layer: A nonwoven fabric composed of 50% of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) having a fineness of 4 denier (d) and 50% of polyethylene terephthalate having a fineness of 5 denier, and having a surface density of 250 g / m ² and a thickness of 9 mm was produced. This nonwoven fabric was wound three times around the mesh cylindrical member 10 so as to have a thickness of 21 mm.
Second layer: A 1.5-mm-thick nonwoven fabric made of 100% polyethylene terephthalate having an areal density of 160 g / m ^{2 and} a denier of 3 denier and an acrylic binder having an areal density of 10 g / m ² was formed on the first layer with a thickness of 4 mm. It was wound three times to a thickness of 0.5 mm.
[0025]
Third layer: (1) Nonwoven fabric of 50% polyethylene terephthalate having a fineness of 3 denier and 50% polyethylene terephthalate having a fineness of 6 denier;
(2) Non-woven fabric of 90% polyethylene terephthalate with 2 denier and 10% rayon fiber with 2 denier;
(3) A nonwoven fabric composed of 30% rayon fiber having a fineness of 1.4 denier, 40% rayon fiber having a fineness of 3 denier, and 30% vinylon fiber having a fineness of 5 denier.
These three layers (1) to (3) were stacked, and a nonwoven fabric having an area density of 240 g / m ² and a thickness of 2.8 mm was wound three times to a thickness of 8.4 mm.
Fourth layer: A nonwoven fabric made of 100% cotton having a thickness of 0.4 mm and an areal density of 60 g / m ² was wound twice so as to have a thickness of 0.8 mm.
[0026]
The opening diameter of the first layer is 250 μm (substantially 300 μm depending on the tension), the opening diameter of the second layer is 100 μm, the opening diameter of the third layer is 90 μm, and the opening diameter of the fourth layer is 40 μm. Was.
The pore diameter was measured by a porometer (manufactured by Coulter) by a bubble point method (nitrogen gas injection method) using nitrogen.
[0027]
After the sealing member 7 was attached to the end of the filter thus produced on the downstream side in the flow direction, the filter was inserted into the spacer 5 having the holding member 4. Next, a cover 6 was provided on the end face on the upstream side in the flow direction of the filter to obtain a filter unit.
After this filter unit was scraped for two hours for one brush of a paddy field (a section of a paddy field), as shown in FIG. 1, it was inserted into a clay pipe 100, and the cover 6 was brought into close contact with the end face of the clay pipe 100. The average flow rate of the mud flowing into the filter unit was 17.5 liter / min, and the filtration test time was about 4 hours.
[0028]
The SS of the muddy water flowing from the upstream of the filter unit during this test time was about 2811.5 g, and the amount of SS captured by the filter unit was 1068.4 g. In addition, this trapped amount was indicated by an increase in dry weight after the test, and the removal rate of the filter unit was 38%. Therefore, it became clear that SS can be removed with high efficiency.
[0029]
In the above-described embodiment, the spiral and rib spacers are described as the water-permeable spacers that house the filter 2 and separate the drain pipe and the filter 2 to form a flow path. The invention is not limited to this. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of rod-shaped members 12 may be linearly provided on the frame member 11 in the extending direction of the filter so as to form a cylindrical outer peripheral surface, and may be used as a spacer. Further, in the case of such a rod-shaped spacer, it is also possible to design such that unevenness is provided on the contact surface of each rod-shaped member 12 with the earth pipe 100 so that the purified water can be uniformly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the filter 2.
[0030]
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the purification at the time of scraping has been exemplified. However, the filter unit according to the present invention is not limited to this. Civil engineering, purification of drainage accompanying construction, orchard, hydroponic cultivation and other agricultural applications. The present invention can be applied to any use as long as it has a drainage form using a drain pipe such as an earthen pipe, such as rainwater treatment for a golf course, and animal cattle stalls, factory water and household wastewater treatment.
Furthermore, by adding a chemical adsorbent such as iron powder that adsorbs phosphorus and zeolite that adsorbs nitrogen and the like to form a non-woven fabric, it is also possible to perform chemical purification together.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a filter unit includes a filter, a water-permeable spacer that houses the filter therein, forms a flow path by separating a drain pipe and the filter, and an upstream side of the spacer. A cover provided at the end, exposing the upstream end face of the filter, preventing drainage from flowing into the gap between the spacer and the drain pipe, and a sealing member for sealing the downstream end face of the filter. Therefore, all the wastewater flowing through the drainpipe passes through the filter and is discharged through the spacer, so that mud water and the like can be reliably removed and the wastewater can be purified.
[0032]
In addition, since an opening is formed in the center of the filter, drainage can spread to the downstream side of the filter with low resistance, and even if clogging occurs in any part of the filter, it is purified from other parts Water can be drained.
Furthermore, since the filter is made of a non-woven fabric, it can be easily made, and the opening diameter of the filter can be adjusted concentrically.
Furthermore, since the filter has the largest pore size in the innermost layer and the smallest in the outermost layer, purification proceeds sequentially from the mud components having a large particle diameter in the wastewater, so that the filter life can be maintained long. it can.
Further, since the spacer is formed spirally and / or linearly in the extending direction of the filter, the spacer can be easily formed, and the purified water can be uniformly spread on the outer peripheral surface of the filter. To play.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic side sectional view showing a state in which a filter unit according to an embodiment of the present invention is mounted on an earthen pipe.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the filter unit according to the embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the upstream side in the flow direction.
FIG. 3 is a schematic partial perspective view showing a filter unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic partial perspective view showing a filter unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic partial perspective view showing a filter unit according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic partial perspective view showing a filter unit according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing a filter unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a spacer according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1A to 1E: Filter unit, 2: Filter, 2a: Low-density nonwoven fabric, 2b: High-density nonwoven fabric, 2c: First layer, 2d: Second layer, 2e: Third layer, 2f: Fourth layer, 3: Opening Part, 4 ... holding member, 5 ... spacer, 6 ... cover, 7 ... sealing member, 8 ... rice hull, 9 ... straw, 10 ... hollow cylindrical member, 100 ... earth pipe.

Claims (5)

A filter unit installed in a drain pipe and purifying waste water flowing through the drain pipe, wherein the filter unit is:
A cylindrical filter,
A water-permeable spacer that accommodates this filter inside, and forms a flow path by separating the drain pipe and the filter,
A cover that is provided at the upstream end of the spacer and that exposes the upstream end face of the filter and that prevents drainage from flowing into a gap between the spacer and the drain pipe,
A sealing member for sealing a downstream end surface of the filter. The filter unit according to claim 1, wherein an opening communicating from the upstream end face to the downstream end face of the filter is formed at the center of the filter. The filter unit according to claim 1, wherein the filter is made of a nonwoven fabric. 4. The filter unit according to claim 3, wherein the opening diameter of the filter is largest in the innermost layer in the circumferential direction and smallest in the outermost layer. The filter unit according to claim 1, wherein the spacer is spirally and / or linearly formed in a direction in which the filter extends.

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