JP3606558B2 - Method for manufacturing offshore columnar structure and offshore columnar structure - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a columnar offshore structure that is a core structure for constructing a seaweed bed (also referred to as an undersea forest) as a seaweed reef, for example, and is suitable as a place for seafood, and a method for producing the same. is there.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Currently, the promotion of coastal fisheries is an important issue in Japan, and the growth and aquaculture of seafood and seaweed are being promoted. However, in the coastal areas, seaweed beds disappear due to various causes, and the so-called “burning” phenomenon, in which seafood that uses the seaweed beds as a place of life, drastically decreases, is spreading throughout the country.
[0003]
Generally, seaweed grows on a relatively shallow rock surface on the seabed. However, there is no maternal algae nearby in the salmon-burned sea area, and there is no source of zoospores, etc., and the rock is covered with lime algae, making it difficult for the seaweed to grow, making it a very bad growth environment. It has become. In addition, seaweeds are originally difficult to grow in sandy mud. Therefore, in the renewal of seaweed beds in such a seawater-burned sea area and the construction of seaweed beds in sandy mud areas, in addition to seaweed transplantation, the existence of a substrate (structure) suitable for the growth and growth of these seaweeds Is essential.
[0004]
Conventionally, as an equivalent to this type of growth substrate, waste materials such as old tires, thinned wood, used electric poles, etc., assembled in various three-dimensional shapes have been proposed. In other words, it focused on its function as a fish reef. However, in recent years, the usefulness of seafood resources such as productivity and water purification function has been reviewed, and concrete structures (seaweed reefs) developed mainly for the growth of seaweeds are being put into practical use. is there. Among them, for example, the columnar structure proposed by the present applicant disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-4710 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-23593 is the seaweed growth rate, the survival rate of the grown seaweed, In terms of effective use of space and the like, it is far superior to conventional planar structures and has the effect of a fish reef. That is, this columnar structure has a three-dimensional structure in which a plurality of concrete long columns are erected at intervals from each other on the top surface of a concrete base having an appropriate shape such as a rectangle or a cross. And when performing seaweed bed construction, many columnar structures are sunk in a predetermined sea area.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in order to manufacture the above columnar structure, as in the construction of a general concrete structure, first, a formwork is assembled in accordance with the outer shape of the base, and reinforcement is arranged inside thereof. After the column body was erected at a predetermined position, concrete was placed in the formwork so as to form the foundation and at the same time be integrated with the column body. In this case, since the long columnar body is placed in an extremely unstable state until the cast concrete is completely cured, for example, a frame scaffolding is previously placed around the formwork, and a single pipe is attached to this. It was necessary to support the upper part and the middle part of the column body by laying them horizontally. Furthermore, until the strength of the cast concrete reaches a predetermined value or more, it must be cured in the supported state, and this conventional method has a large problem in workability and productivity. In addition, when a large number of columnar structures are manufactured in a short period of time, a large space during the curing period is necessary. The present invention has been made in view of these problems of the prior art, and its object is to provide a method capable of efficiently producing a columnar structure suitable as a seaweed reef or fish reef and a columnar structure obtained thereby. It is what.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problem, the method for manufacturing an offshore columnar structure according to the present invention includes a support base in an appropriately shaped concrete base in which a substantially vertical support hole opening on the upper surface side is formed during concrete placement. Inserting one end side of a column body of an appropriate length somewhat narrower than that into the support hole to make it stand in a substantially vertical shape, and the column body and the concrete base in a stable standing state by inserting the end portion, It is characterized by integrating with a curable filler filled in the gap between the two.
[0007]
Here, the concrete base is manufactured in advance as a separate member from the pillar, and the support hole provided on the upper surface thereof is formed by an appropriate punching frame when the concrete is placed. In this case, the size of the opening portion of the support hole is preferably set to a minimum size that does not hinder the insertion of the column, that is, slightly larger than the column, thereby integrating the two. In the process of conversion, the column body becomes self-supporting in a substantially vertical shape by simply inserting one end portion of the column body into the support hole, and the column body is in a stable standing state until the curable filler is cured. It can be held. This eliminates the need for large support means for holding the column in an upright state as in the conventional method of standing the column during the production of a concrete base, and the gap between the fitting portions of both is filled. Since the concrete base and the columnar body are surely integrated via a curable filler such as mortar, the workability is very good, and a columnar structure can be manufactured at low cost. Furthermore, by using a fast-curing curable filler, the concrete substrate and the column can be integrated and then moved or set immediately. This eliminates the need for a large space to be used for curing after placing concrete as in the past, and in some situations it is possible to assemble a columnar structure on a trolley and set it down as it is. The selection range of work procedures from assembly to installation is further expanded. Furthermore, when this assembling method is used, many concrete bases and pillars can be mounted on the trolley without bulking them by stacking them together, and these are assembled on the trolley. However, it may be submerged in the sea. Therefore, the number of columnar structures that can be mounted on the trolley is much larger than that of assembling in advance on land, and the use efficiency of the trolley can be improved by adopting this method. In addition to cement-based fillers such as mortar, cement milk, and underwater cement, curable fillers may be synthetic resin-based fillers such as epoxy resins, and the optimum one is selected according to the working conditions. do it. As for the filling method, an appropriate amount can be filled in the support hole of the concrete base in advance, or the gap can be filled from the opening of the support hole after the column body is inserted .
[0008]
As the shape of the concrete base used in the present invention, a rectangular shape, a cross shape, a three-pronged shape, a hexagonal shape, a circular shape or the like in a plan view has an appropriate weight and area that can support the column body in a standing state. Although there is no limitation, at least one support hole in the substantially vertical direction that opens on the upper surface side is provided. This support hole is, for example, a pipe that is somewhat larger than the outer diameter of the column body is used as a punching mold, and this is fixed to a predetermined position of the base forming mold frame, that is, a position where the column is erected Then, it can be formed by placing concrete on the part other than the punching mold. Here, for example, if the pipe wall or the like in which the tube wall is formed in a wave shape in the longitudinal direction is used, the adhesive force of the curable filler is increased. Is formed over the entire height of the concrete base so as to substantially penetrate the concrete base, it is effective in preventing the column from falling off the concrete base. Note that the depth of the support hole is not necessarily close to the height of the concrete base, and may be at least as long as the column can be held in a stable and independent state in relation to the length of the column. These can be appropriately selected according to the length and material of the column used, the height of the concrete base, and the like. Furthermore, the pipes and the like that form the support holes may not be left in the concrete base as they are, but may be removed at an appropriate time before the column bodies are integrated.
[0009]
Next, the column body standing on the concrete base can be either a cylinder or a prism. The inside of the column body is not necessarily solid and may be hollow. Examples of the material include concrete, plastic, and metal. In particular, when this columnar structure is used as a seaweed reef, it is preferable that the surface is made of concrete that is less likely to be smooth than other materials because of the ease of adhesion of seaweed to the surface of the structure. It is. Furthermore, in order to exert the maximum effect as a seaweed reef, it is desirable to apply a nourishing nourishment coating described later to the surface portion excluding the fitting portion between the pillar body and the concrete base. This coating operation can be performed in a state where the column body is horizontally placed in advance in a factory or the like. In this case, compared to the method of coating after integrating the concrete base and the column body as in the prior art. Thus, there is an advantage that the coating operation is easy and a uniform coating film can be obtained.
[0010]
Such algae nourishing paint is a paint-like composition in which ingredients useful for the growth of seaweed are blended. For example, it may be composed of a general chemical fertilizer mainly composed of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash and a paint base. The water environment improving paint already proposed by the present applicant (see JP-A-5-247378) is particularly suitable. That is, when this water environment improvement paint containing the photosynthetic bacteria, the porous particles as the carrier, and the nutrient components of the photosynthetic bacteria as main components is applied to a concrete structure or the like, the seaweed floating in the sea Since the zoospores are easy to grow on the surface of the coating, and the coatings stably release the nutrients necessary for the growth of seaweed over a long period of time, the structure coated with this paint is used to create a seaweed bed. Convenient for growing seaweed that is the core of In addition, the base that constitutes the paint is preferably an aqueous type or two-component reaction type that does not use an organic solvent in consideration of the environment, and its selection criteria include adhesion to the pillar, coating strength, and durability in the sea. Determine the water permeability that affects the elution of nutrients comprehensively. And what satisfy | fills these various conditions typically includes bases, such as an acrylic emulsion type and an epoxy type. In particular, an acrylic emulsion type that swells moderately in the sea and easily dissolves nutrients necessary for the growth of seaweed from the coating film and is advantageous in terms of cost is preferable.
[0011]
The marine columnar structure manufactured by the above method is self-supporting when the column is inserted into the support hole of the concrete substrate in the process of integrating the concrete substrate and the column until the curable filler is cured. In the meantime, there is no need for a separate support means for holding the column in an upright state, so that it is possible to manufacture at a lower cost and work efficiency than the conventional one, which is suitable for mass production. Yes. Furthermore, since the concrete base and the column can be integrated, they can be moved or laid down immediately, so there is no need for a large space for curing as in the case where the column is erected simultaneously with the formation of the conventional base. In addition, depending on the situation, it is possible to assemble a columnar structure on a trolley and set it as it is in the target sea area.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a marine columnar structure 1 according to the present invention. The illustrated marine columnar structure 1 plays the role of a seaweed reef set in the planned area in the construction of the seaweed bed. The basic structure is four cross-sections on the upper surface of the concrete base 2 having a cross shape in plan view. A circular column 3 is erected near each top of the cross. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the algae paint 4 is applied to the upper surface and each side surface of the concrete base 2 and the peripheral surface and upper end surface of each column 3. Incidentally, the width and height of the concrete base 2 are 3 m and 0.6 m, respectively. The column 3 is a hollow concrete cylinder having an outer diameter of 0.2 m, and the length of the portion exposed from the concrete base 2 is 3.4 m. In addition, the both ends of the column 3 used here are closed.
[0013]
Next, the manufacturing method of the marine columnar structure 1 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a state when the column body 3 is inserted into the concrete base 2, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the main part thereof. At each top portion of the concrete base 2, a metal pipe 5 whose inner and outer peripheral surfaces are formed in a wave shape in the longitudinal direction and whose inner diameter is somewhat larger than the outer diameter of the column body 3 is supported by the column body 3. It is buried in the vertical direction so as to penetrate the concrete base 2 as a hole. The upper surface side of the metal pipe 5 is open as it is, but the bottom surface side is closed by a cap 6. And after pouring an appropriate amount of mortar 7 into each metal pipe 5 of this concrete base 2 placed at an appropriate place on land, the fitting part with the concrete base 2 (0.6 m on the lower end side) is removed. The column 3 to which the algae paint 4 is applied is suspended by a crane or the like and inserted into the metal pipe 5 from the lower end side. With this insertion, the mortar 7 pressed at the lower end surface of the column 3 rises to the gap between the column 3 and the metal pipe 5 and becomes a solid state. Are integrated. When the gap between the column 3 and the metal pipe 5 is somewhat large, the column 3 is inserted to improve the appearance after integration, that is, as a means for improving the verticality of the column 3 with respect to the concrete base 2. Then, the pillar 3 can be surely fixed at the center of the metal pipe 5 by, for example, driving wedges into a plurality of locations on the opening side. Furthermore, if the lower end side end surface of the column body 3 is opened and a protrusion protruding upward is provided on the cap 6 on the bottom surface side so that the opening of the column body 3 fits into the protrusion, the column body 3 The lower end side can be reliably positioned at the center.
[0014]
The concrete base 2 is manufactured by assembling a cast form made of wood, steel or the like, or a cast form made of cement board or the like into a cross shape by a known method, and if necessary, a reinforcing reinforcing bar (not shown) And the metal pipe 5 may be appropriately fixed at the planned standing position of the column 3 by means, and then concrete may be placed on a portion other than the metal pipe 5. In this case, it is advisable to cover the opening of the metal pipe 5 with a cap as appropriate to prevent the intrusion of concrete. Moreover, there is no problem in changing the shape of the concrete base 2 to another shape such as a rectangular shape in plan view, and the number of column bodies 3 and their standing positions can be freely changed. Further, the algae nourishing paint 4 on the surface of the concrete base 2 may be applied at any stage before or after the integration with the pillar 3, depending on the conditions of the seaweed formation area, etc. 3 may be omitted. However, when application to the column 3 is required, it is desirable from the viewpoint of workability to be performed before the integration with the concrete base 2.
[0015]
As described above, according to the present invention, the concrete base 2 in which the support holes 5 of the column 3 are formed is prepared in advance, and the column is inserted into the lower end portion of the column 3 by adopting a method. Since the body 3 is held in a stable standing state by the concrete base 2 at the lower end portion even before integration, the conventional large-scale support means is unnecessary, and the productivity of the columnar structure 1 is greatly improved. And the manufacturing cost can be reduced. The columnar structure 1 as a seaweed reef manufactured by such a method, as shown in FIG. 4, is set in the sea area where the seaweed is established and after an appropriate period of time has passed, Then, the seaweed 8 grows around the columnar body 3 and gradually grows over the entire columnar structure 1. In this case, since the nourishing paint 4 is present on the surface of the columnar structure 1, the growth environment of the surface portion is very good for the seaweed 8, and the columnar structure 1 submerged in the sea has a relatively short period of time. Seaweed 8 grows and continues to grow well thereafter. Then, spores are released from the mature seaweed 8 and an alga bed is created around them. In addition, when constructing a seaweed bed in a place where no native seaweed is present nearby, a seaweed juvenile or an adult serving as a supply source of zoospores is attached to the columnar structure 1 itself in advance by appropriate fixing means. It is convenient to leave.
[0016]
Next, FIG. 5 is an explanatory view when the columnar structure 1 is assembled on the carriage 10. The structures of the concrete base 2 and the column 3 used here are the same as those in the above-described embodiment, and are mounted compactly in a state where they are stacked on the carriage 10. The support hole of the concrete base 2 is filled with submerged cement, while the column 3 is lifted by the crane 11, inserted into the concrete base 2 and fixed with wedges or the like, and the columnar structure 1 is put in the sea. Sunk into. Diver D is waiting in the sea, and the columnar structure 1 is installed at a predetermined location. By repeating the operations of assembling and setting up the columnar structure 1, a large number of columnar structures 1 can be efficiently installed on the seabed. In addition, in order to improve workability | operativity more, it is convenient to install the small crane for lifting the pillar 3 separately on the trolley 10 separately from the crane 11. FIG. In this case, a fast-curing filler such as an epoxy resin may be used instead of the underwater cement.
[0017]
In the above embodiment, the columnar structure 1 as a seaweed reef having a shape in which four pillars 3 are erected on a cross-shaped concrete base 2 has been described, but it is of course possible to use this as a fish reef. In addition, application of the nourishing paint is also optional. Furthermore, various modifications can be made within the technical concept of the present invention, such as appropriately changing the shape of the concrete base and the number of columns and changing the method of forming the support holes of the concrete base.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the method for producing a marine columnar structure according to the present invention, the columnar body is a structure that is self-supporting in a substantially vertical shape by being inserted into the support hole of the concrete base. Until the material is cured, a large support means for holding the columnar body in an upright state becomes unnecessary. Therefore, it can be manufactured at low cost and is optimal for mass production. Furthermore, when using a fast-curing curable filler, it is possible to move immediately after integrating the concrete base and the column, and after inserting the column by using underwater cement. It can also be sunk immediately. This eliminates the need for a wide space for curing as in the conventional method in which the formation of the base and the column body are erected at the same time, and provides a practically excellent effect such as a wider selection of work procedures. .
[0019]
Furthermore, according to the method of the present invention, the concrete base and the column mounted in the separated state are sequentially assembled while being assembled into the columnar structure on the carriage by using the fast-curing curable filler as described above. It can also be submerged in the sea. In this case, a large number of concrete bases and pillars can be mounted on the trolley without being bulky by stacking each other, so it can be mounted on the trolley compared to the method of mounting the finished product assembled on land in advance. The number of such columnar structures is remarkably increased, and it is possible not only to improve the use efficiency of the trolley but also to assemble the columnar structures without using the land yard.
[0020]
In addition, if the support hole of the concrete base is formed using, for example, a pipe having a corrugated shape in the longitudinal direction, such as a pipe having at least an inner peripheral surface, a curable filler This increases the adhesion of the material and is effective in preventing the column from coming off the concrete base.
[0021]
Furthermore, when applying a pillar body with algae coating applied to the surface part excluding the mating part with the concrete substrate, seaweed zoospores floating in the sea are likely to settle on the coating surface and Since the nutrients necessary for the growth of seaweed are stably released from the membrane over a long period of time, the columnar structure coated with this paint is convenient for growing seaweeds as the core of seaweed reef construction as a seaweed reef. It is. In particular, this application work can be performed in a factory or the like in a state where the column body is horizontally placed in advance, so that the work is performed in comparison with the conventional method of applying after the concrete base and the column body are integrated. There is an advantage that a uniform coating film can be obtained easily.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a marine columnar structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a method for producing the marine columnar structure.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a front view showing a use state of the marine columnar structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing another method of manufacturing an oceanic columnar structure according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Marine columnar structure, 2 ... Concrete base, 3 ... Column body, 4 ... Nourishing paint, 5 ... Support hole, 6 ... Cap, 7 ... Hardening filler, 8 ... Seaweed, 10 ... Dolly, 11 ... crane

Claims (5)

An approximately vertical support hole that opens to the upper surface side is formed in an appropriately shaped concrete base formed at the time of placing concrete, and one end side of a column body of an appropriate length somewhat narrower than the support hole is used as the support hole. It is inserted and self-supported in a substantially vertical shape, and the columnar body and the concrete base which are in a stable standing state by insertion of the end portion are integrated with a curable filler filled in the gap between them. A method for producing a marine columnar structure. The method for producing an offshore columnar structure according to claim 1, wherein the concrete base and the column body are mounted on a trolley in a separated state, and both are integrated on the trolley immediately before settling. The method for manufacturing a marine columnar structure according to claim 1, wherein an inner peripheral surface of the support hole is uneven. The method for producing a marine columnar structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an algae nourishing paint is applied in advance to the outer peripheral surface excluding the loosely fitting portion of the columnar body. An approximately vertical support hole that opens to the upper surface is formed in a concrete base that is formed when casting concrete, and is slightly narrower than this concrete base. A marine columnar structure characterized by comprising a pillar body integrated with a concrete base with a curable filler filled around the insertion portion in a stable standing state.

Images