【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、住宅やその他の建物における外壁目地の乾式目地材に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術と発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来、一対の外壁パネル間に形成される目地での防水は、例えば図２に示す防水構造によって図っていた。すなわち、一対の外壁パネル３１，３１間に形成される目地３０内にバックアップ材３２を設け、このバックアップ材３２の外側で、目地幅ｂより若干広い幅寸法ａに加工した軟質塩化ビニル樹脂製あるは合成ゴム製の帯状目地仕上げ材３３を目地溝３０内に圧入することにより、目地溝３０の開口部を塞いでいた。
しかし、上記のように高分子系材料からなる目地仕上げ材３３を使用する場合、経年変化により材料の弾発力が低くなるため、目地仕上げ材３３が圧接する目地溝３０の側面での水密性能の耐久性に問題があった。
【０００３】
別の従来例として、図３のように前記目地溝３０の目地幅ｂより若干広い幅寸法ａのひれ３４ａを有する合成ゴム等からなるガスケット３４を目地３０内に圧入状態に嵌め込み、弾性変形するひれ３４ａを目地溝３０の側面に圧接させるように構成したものもある。
しかし、このガスケット３４の場合も、経年変化により弾性劣化する高分子系材料の性質により、やはり水密性能の耐久性に問題がある。
【０００４】
この発明は、このような課題を解消し、水密性能とその耐久性に優れた乾式目地材を提供することを目的とする。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明の乾式目地材は、目地内の奥側に配置される受け材と、開口側に配置されるガスケットとからなり、次の構成としたものである。前記受け材は、外向きに凹となる湾曲状態で目地内に配置されて両側縁が目地内の両側面に圧接する帯状の板ばねと、この板ばねの中央に突出した結合突片と、前記板ばねの両側縁に設けられて内側へ突出する仮止め片とを有するものとする。前記ガスケットは、目地内の両側面に圧接するガスケット本体と、このガスケット本体の内面中央に沿って突設されて前記結合突片が嵌合する嵌合溝を有する中央片と、この中央片の両側に設けられて各々前記仮止め片が係脱自在に係合する仮止め片係合部とを有するものとする。前記仮止め片と仮止め片係合部とは、前記結合突片の前記嵌合溝への不完全嵌合深さで係合が可能となり、完全嵌合深さで係合が外れるものとする。
【０００６】
この構成の乾式目地材によれば、受け材とガスケットとを結合させ、受け材の板ばねをガスケットにより湾曲状態に保った状態で目地への挿入が行える。すなわち、受け材の結合突片をガスケットの嵌合溝へ中間深さまで差し込んでおき、板ばね両側縁の仮止め片をガスケットの仮止め片係合部に係合させることで、板ばねが湾曲状態に保たれる。このように板ばねを湾曲状態に保って目地に挿入することで、板ばねの幅が目地幅よりも狭くなった状態で目地内に挿入できる。そのため、板ばねのばね剛性が強くても、簡単に目地内に挿入できる。このように受け材とガスケットとが結合された乾式目地材を目地内に挿入した後、板ばねの裏面が目地の底やバックアップ材に当たった状態でガスケットをさらに押し込むと、ガスケットのみが押し込まれることになって、受け材の結合突片がガスケットの嵌合溝に完全嵌合深さまで入る。これに伴い、受け材の板ばねの仮止め片がガスケットの仮止め片係合部から外れ、板ばねが平板状に復元しようとして目地の内面に圧接する。
このようにして、板ばねの両側縁が目地内の両側面に圧接し目地の二次防水が図られる。また、ガスケット本体で一次防水が図られる。二次防水の水密性能は、湾曲状態の板ばねの両側縁を目地内の両側縁に圧接することで得るので、その耐久性が向上する。目地の両側面に圧接した板ばねにガスケットが係合するため、ガスケットの外れ防止効果が得られる。
【０００７】
前記結合突片の側面における高さ方向の中間部と、前記嵌合溝の内面には、これら結合突片と嵌合溝との完全嵌合深さで互いに噛み合う凹凸面を形成してもよい。この構成の場合、結合突片を押し込むだけで簡単かつ堅固に嵌合溝に結合させることができる。前記板ばねは金属板としてもよい。この構成の場合、板ばねの経年変化による弾性劣化が少なく、板ばねの両側縁と目地内の両側面との間の水密性能の耐久性が向上する。板ばねの両側縁における目地奥側の面には、軟質弾性体またはひれ状の弾性体を設けてもよい。この構成の場合、板ばねの両側縁の目地両側面への圧接がより密になり、それだけ水密性能が向上する。
【０００８】
【発明の実施の形態】
この発明の一実施形態を図１と共に説明する。この実施形態の乾式目地材１は、外壁材１３，１３間の目地１２内の奥側に配置される受け材２と、目地１２内の開口側に配置されるガスケット３とからなる。
前記受け材２は、外向きに凹となる湾曲状態で目地１２内に配置されて両側縁が目地１２内の両側面に圧接する帯状の金属製板ばね４と、この板ばね４の中央に突出した例えば硬質樹脂等からなる結合突片５と、前記板ばね４の両側縁に設けられて内側へ突出する仮止め片６とを有する。仮止め片６は、板ばね４の側縁を折曲した逆Ｌ字状の折曲片で構成され、その先端片部分は内側へ傾斜させてある。
前記ガスケット３は、目地１２内の両側面に圧接する帯状のガスケット本体７と、このガスケット本体７の内面中央に沿って突設されて前記結合突片５が嵌合する嵌合溝９を有する中央片８と、この中央片８の両側に設けられて各々前記仮止め片６が係脱自在に係合する仮止め片係合部１０とを有する。仮止め片係合部１０は、中央片８から一体に延びる断面Ｌ字状のものであり、その先端片部分が内向きに傾斜して板材４の仮止め片６を抜け難くしている。ガスケット本体７の幅寸法ａは、目地幅ｂより若干広い寸法としてある。
仮止め片６と仮止め片係合部１０とは、結合突片５が嵌合溝９へ中間深さまで挿入された状態で係合が可能となり、結合突片５が嵌合溝８へ完全に結合する深さで係合が外れるようにしてある。また、仮止め片６が仮止め片係合部１０に係合した湾曲状態の板ばね４の幅寸法ｃは、目地幅ｂよりも若干狭くなるようにしてある。
前記結合突片５の側面における高さ方向の中間部と、前記嵌合溝９の内面とには、これら結合突片５と嵌合溝９との完全嵌合深さで互いに噛み合う凹凸面５ａ，９ａが形成されている。これら凹凸面５ａ，９ａは、断面三角形状の突条または溝が多数本平行に並ぶ面に形成されている。また、板ばね４の両側縁における目地１２の奥側の面には、軟質弾性体１１が板ばね４の長手方向に沿って設けられている。軟質弾性体１１は、これに代えてひれ状の弾性体としてもよい。
【０００９】
この構成の乾式目地材１は次のようにして目地１２内に装着する。一対の外壁材１３，１３間に形成される目地１２内の奥側に、先ずバックアップ材１４を設ける。この後、図１（Ａ）のように受け材２とガスケット３が結合された状態の乾式目地材１を目地１２内に挿入する。すなわち、この結合状態では、受け材２の結合突片５がガスケット７の嵌合溝９へ途中の深さまで挿入され、板ばね４の仮止め片６がガスケット３の仮止め片係合部１０に係合して板ばね４が湾曲した状態となっている。この状態で、板ばね４は深く湾曲しており、板ばね４の幅寸法ｃは目地１２の幅寸法ａよりも若干狭くなっているので、この組み合わせ状態のままで受け材２とガスケット３とを目地１２内に容易に挿入できる。次いで、結合突片５が嵌合溝９に完全嵌合する深さまでガスケット３を押し込む。これにより、仮止め片６と仮止め片係合部１０との係合が外れ、板ばね４がその弾性復元力で平板状に復元しようとして湾曲が緩み、板ばね４の両側縁が目地１２内の両側面に圧接する。この圧接箇所で目地１２の二次防水が図られる。また、目地１２内の両側面に圧接するガスケット本体７で一次防水が図られる。このように、押し込み作業だけで、受け材２およびガスケット３を目地１２内に容易に装着することができる。
二次防水の水密性能は、湾曲状態の金属製板ばね４の両側縁を目地１２内の両側面に圧接させることで得るので、経時劣化が生じ難く、耐久性が向上する。また、板ばね４の両側縁には軟質弾性体１１またはひれ状の弾性体が設けられるので、板ばね４の両側縁と目地１２内の両側面との接触が一層密になり、これにより目地１２内の両側面での水密性能がさらに向上する。
さらに、結合突片５の凹凸面５ａと嵌合溝９の凹凸面９ａとの噛み合いにより、ガスケット３は受け材２に堅固に結合されるので、受け材２からガスケット３が脱落するのを確実に防止できる。
【００１０】
【発明の効果】
この発明の乾式目地材は、板ばねを主とする受け材とガスケットとで構成し、板ばねが深く湾曲した状態でガスケットに仮止め可能とし、この湾曲状態のものを目地内に挿入した後、仮止めを外して板ばねを目地内の両側面に圧接させるようにしたため、板ばねの強い圧接力で優れた水密性が得られ、ガスケットと板ばねとの二重防水で確実な水密性が得られる。また、板ばねを用いるため、経時劣化が少なく、耐久性に優れたものとなる。しかも、目地への装着が簡単に行え、またガスケットが外れ難いものとなる。
請求項２の発明の場合は、受け材の結合突片の側面における高さ方向の中間部と、ガスケットの嵌合溝の内面とに、これら結合突片と嵌合溝との完全嵌合深さで互いに噛み合う凹凸面を形成したため、結合突片を押し込むだけで簡単にかつ堅固に結合が行える。
請求項３の発明の場合は、前記板ばねを金属板としたため、板ばねの経年変化による弾性劣化が少なく、板ばねの両側縁と目地内の両側面の間の水密性能の耐久性がさらに向上する。
請求項４の発明の場合は、前記板ばねの両側縁における目地奥側の面に、軟質弾性体またはひれ状の弾性体を設けたため、板ばねの目地溝内面への接触が密になり、それだけ水密性能が向上する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】（Ａ）はこの発明の一実施形態に係る乾式目地材の斜視図、（Ｂ）は同乾式目地材を用いた目地構造の斜視図である。
【図２】従来例の斜視図である。
【図３】他の従来例の斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
１…乾式目地材、２…受け材、３…ガスケット、４…金属製板ばね、５…結合突片、５ａ…凹凸面、６…仮止め片、７…ガスケット本体、８…中央片、９…嵌合溝、９ａ…凹凸面、１０…仮止め片係合部、１１…軟質弾性体[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a dry joint material for outer wall joints in houses and other buildings.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, waterproofing at a joint formed between a pair of outer wall panels has been achieved by, for example, a waterproof structure shown in FIG. That is, a backup material 32 is provided in a joint 30 formed between the pair of outer wall panels 31 and 31, and is made of a soft vinyl chloride resin processed to a width dimension a slightly wider than the joint width b outside the backup material 32. Has closed the opening of the joint groove 30 by press-fitting a strip-like joint finish material 33 made of synthetic rubber into the joint groove 30.
However, when the joint finish material 33 made of a polymer material is used as described above, the elasticity of the material becomes low due to aging, so that the watertight performance at the side surface of the joint groove 30 where the joint finish material 33 is in pressure contact. There was a problem with durability.
[0003]
As another conventional example, a gasket 34 made of synthetic rubber or the like having a fin 34a having a width a that is slightly wider than the joint width b of the joint groove 30 as shown in FIG. In some cases, the fin 34 a is configured to be pressed against the side surface of the joint groove 30.
However, even in the case of this gasket 34, there is still a problem in the durability of the watertight performance due to the property of the polymer material that is elastically deteriorated due to aging.
[0004]
An object of the present invention is to solve such problems and provide a dry joint material excellent in water tightness and durability.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The dry type joint material of this invention consists of the receiving material arrange | positioned in the back | inner side in a joint, and the gasket arrange | positioned at an opening side, and is set as the following structure. The receiving member is disposed in the joint in a curved state that is concave outward, and a strip-shaped leaf spring in which both side edges are pressed against both side surfaces in the joint, and a coupling protrusion projecting to the center of the leaf spring, It is assumed that it has temporary fixing pieces provided on both side edges of the leaf spring and projecting inward. The gasket includes a gasket main body that presses against both side surfaces in the joint, a central piece that protrudes along the center of the inner surface of the gasket main body and has a fitting groove into which the coupling protrusion is fitted, It shall have a temporary attachment piece engaging part which is provided in both sides and each of the temporary attachment pieces engages detachably. The temporary fixing piece and the temporary fixing piece engaging portion can be engaged with an incomplete fitting depth of the coupling protrusion piece into the fitting groove, and disengaged with a complete fitting depth. To do.
[0006]
According to the dry joint material having this structure, the receiving material and the gasket are coupled, and the leaf spring of the receiving material can be inserted into the joint while being kept curved by the gasket. That is, the coupling spring piece of the receiving material is inserted into the fitting groove of the gasket up to an intermediate depth, and the leaf spring is bent by engaging the temporary fastening pieces on both side edges of the leaf spring with the temporary fastening piece engaging portions of the gasket. Kept in a state. By thus inserting the leaf spring into the joint while keeping the curved state, the leaf spring can be inserted into the joint in a state where the width of the leaf spring is narrower than the joint width. Therefore, even if the spring stiffness of the leaf spring is strong, it can be easily inserted into the joint. After inserting the dry joint material in which the receiving material and the gasket are combined in this way into the joint, if the gasket is further pushed in with the back surface of the leaf spring hitting the bottom of the joint or the backup material, only the gasket is pushed in. As a result, the coupling protrusion of the receiving material enters the fitting groove of the gasket to the full fitting depth. Along with this, the temporary fixing piece of the leaf spring of the receiving member comes off from the temporary fixing piece engaging portion of the gasket, and the plate spring comes into pressure contact with the inner surface of the joint in an attempt to restore the flat plate shape.
In this way, both side edges of the leaf spring are in pressure contact with both side surfaces in the joint, and the secondary waterproofing of the joint is achieved. In addition, primary waterproofing is achieved with the gasket body. The watertight performance of the secondary waterproofing is obtained by pressing both side edges of the curved leaf spring against both side edges in the joint, so that the durability is improved. Since the gasket is engaged with the leaf spring pressed against both side surfaces of the joint, an effect of preventing the gasket from coming off can be obtained.
[0007]
An uneven surface that meshes with each other at the full fitting depth of the coupling protrusion and the fitting groove may be formed on the intermediate portion in the height direction on the side surface of the coupling protrusion and the inner surface of the fitting groove. . In the case of this configuration, it is possible to simply and firmly join the fitting groove simply by pushing in the coupling protrusion. The leaf spring may be a metal plate. In the case of this structure, there is little elastic deterioration by a secular change of a leaf | plate spring, and durability of the watertight performance between the both-sides edge of a leaf | plate spring and both sides | surfaces in a joint improves. A soft elastic body or a fin-like elastic body may be provided on the surface of the joints on both side edges of the leaf spring. In the case of this configuration, the pressure contact with both side surfaces of the joints at both side edges of the leaf spring becomes denser, and the water tightness is improved accordingly.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The dry joint material 1 of this embodiment includes a receiving material 2 disposed on the back side in the joint 12 between the outer wall materials 13 and 13 and a gasket 3 disposed on the opening side in the joint 12.
The receiving member 2 is disposed in the joint 12 in a curved state that is concave outward, and has a strip-shaped metal leaf spring 4 in which both side edges are pressed against both side surfaces of the joint 12 and a center of the leaf spring 4. A protruding protruding piece 5 made of, for example, hard resin, and a temporary fixing piece 6 provided on both side edges of the leaf spring 4 and protruding inward are provided. The temporary fixing piece 6 is composed of an inverted L-shaped bent piece obtained by bending the side edge of the leaf spring 4, and its tip piece is inclined inward.
The gasket 3 has a strip-shaped gasket body 7 that is pressed against both side surfaces in the joint 12 and a fitting groove 9 that protrudes along the center of the inner surface of the gasket body 7 and into which the coupling protrusion piece 5 is fitted. A central piece 8 and temporary fastening piece engaging portions 10 which are provided on both sides of the central piece 8 and engage with the temporary fastening pieces 6 detachably are provided. The temporary fastening piece engaging portion 10 has an L-shaped cross section extending integrally from the central piece 8, and the tip piece portion thereof is inclined inward so that the temporary fastening piece 6 of the plate member 4 is difficult to come off. The width a of the gasket body 7 is slightly wider than the joint width b.
The temporary fixing piece 6 and the temporary fixing piece engaging portion 10 can be engaged in a state in which the coupling protrusion 5 is inserted into the fitting groove 9 to the intermediate depth, and the coupling protrusion 5 is completely inserted into the fitting groove 8. The engagement is disengaged at a depth to be coupled to. Further, the width dimension c of the curved leaf spring 4 in which the temporary fixing piece 6 is engaged with the temporary fixing piece engaging portion 10 is set to be slightly narrower than the joint width b.
An uneven surface 5 a that meshes with the intermediate portion in the height direction on the side surface of the coupling projection piece 5 and the inner surface of the fitting groove 9 with a full fitting depth between the coupling projection piece 5 and the fitting groove 9. , 9a are formed. These concavo-convex surfaces 5a and 9a are formed on a surface in which a large number of protrusions or grooves having a triangular cross section are arranged in parallel. A soft elastic body 11 is provided along the longitudinal direction of the leaf spring 4 on the inner surface of the joint 12 at both side edges of the leaf spring 4. The soft elastic body 11 may be replaced by a fin-like elastic body.
[0009]
The dry joint material 1 having this configuration is mounted in the joint 12 as follows. First, a backup material 14 is provided on the back side in the joint 12 formed between the pair of outer wall materials 13. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 1A, the dry joint material 1 in a state where the receiving material 2 and the gasket 3 are combined is inserted into the joint 12. That is, in this coupled state, the coupling projecting piece 5 of the receiving member 2 is inserted into the fitting groove 9 of the gasket 7 to a halfway depth, and the temporary fastening piece 6 of the leaf spring 4 is temporarily attached to the temporary fastening piece engaging portion 10 of the gasket 3. And the leaf spring 4 is curved. In this state, the leaf spring 4 is deeply curved, and the width dimension c of the leaf spring 4 is slightly narrower than the width dimension a of the joint 12, so that the receiving material 2 and the gasket 3 Can be easily inserted into the joint 12. Next, the gasket 3 is pushed down to a depth at which the coupling protrusion 5 is completely fitted into the fitting groove 9. As a result, the temporary fastening piece 6 and the temporary fastening piece engaging portion 10 are disengaged from each other, and the leaf spring 4 is loosened so as to be restored to a flat plate shape by its elastic restoring force, and both side edges of the leaf spring 4 are joints 12. Press contact with both sides. Secondary waterproofing of the joint 12 is achieved at this pressure contact point. Further, the primary waterproofing is achieved by the gasket main body 7 that is in pressure contact with both side surfaces in the joint 12. Thus, the receiving material 2 and the gasket 3 can be easily mounted in the joint 12 only by pushing in.
Since the watertight performance of the secondary waterproofing is obtained by pressing both side edges of the curved metal leaf spring 4 against both side surfaces in the joint 12, deterioration with time hardly occurs and durability is improved. Further, since the soft elastic body 11 or the fin-like elastic body is provided on both side edges of the leaf spring 4, the contact between the both side edges of the leaf spring 4 and both side surfaces in the joint 12 becomes more dense. The watertight performance on both side surfaces in 12 is further improved.
Further, since the gasket 3 is firmly bonded to the receiving material 2 by the engagement between the uneven surface 5a of the coupling protrusion 5 and the uneven surface 9a of the fitting groove 9, it is ensured that the gasket 3 is dropped from the receiving material 2. Can be prevented.
[0010]
【The invention's effect】
The dry joint material of the present invention is composed of a receiving material mainly composed of a leaf spring and a gasket. After the leaf spring is deeply curved, it can be temporarily fixed to the gasket, and the curved material is inserted into the joint. Because the temporary spring is removed and the leaf spring is pressed against both sides of the joint, excellent water tightness is obtained with the strong pressure contact force of the leaf spring, and the double water resistance between the gasket and leaf spring ensures reliable water tightness. Is obtained. Further, since the leaf spring is used, the deterioration with time is small and the durability is excellent. Moreover, it can be easily attached to the joint and the gasket is difficult to come off.
In the case of the invention of claim 2, the full fitting depth between the coupling protrusion and the fitting groove on the intermediate portion in the height direction on the side surface of the coupling protrusion of the receiving member and the inner surface of the fitting groove of the gasket. Since the concave and convex surfaces that mesh with each other are formed, the coupling can be easily and firmly performed simply by pushing the coupling protrusion.
In the case of the invention of claim 3, since the leaf spring is a metal plate, there is little elastic deterioration due to aging of the leaf spring, and the durability of the watertight performance between both side edges of the leaf spring and both side surfaces in the joint is further increased. improves.
In the case of the invention of claim 4, since the soft elastic body or the fin-like elastic body is provided on the joint back side surface on both side edges of the leaf spring, the contact with the joint groove inner surface of the leaf spring becomes dense, The watertight performance is improved accordingly.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a dry joint material according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a perspective view of a joint structure using the dry joint material.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a conventional example.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of another conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Dry joint material, 2 ... Receiving material, 3 ... Gasket, 4 ... Metal plate spring, 5 ... Coupling protrusion, 5a ... Uneven surface, 6 ... Temporary fixing piece, 7 ... Gasket body, 8 ... Center piece, 9 ... Fitting groove, 9a ... Uneven surface, 10 ... Temporary fastening piece engaging part, 11 ... Soft elastic body