JP3661288B2 - Hybrid type vehicle - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a hybrid vehicle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, hybrid vehicles equipped with a driving device including an internal combustion engine, an electric motor, and a generator have been provided.
In the hybrid vehicle, an engine drive mode for driving only an internal combustion engine, a motor drive mode for driving only an electric motor, an engine / motor drive mode for simultaneously driving an internal combustion engine and an electric motor, a power generation mode for driving a generator, etc. The drive device can be operated with the above (see US Pat. No. 3,566,717).
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional hybrid vehicle, if the generator rotor is rotated when power generation is not required, a generator loss occurs. Therefore, it is conceivable to stop the rotor when power generation is unnecessary, but if the rotor is to be stopped, a brake is required, and the axial dimension of the drive device is increased accordingly.
[0004]
Further, when a driving device is mounted on a front engine front wheel drive (FF) type hybrid vehicle, a steering angle cannot be sufficiently taken, and the minimum turning radius of the hybrid type vehicle becomes large.
Therefore, in order to reduce the axial dimension of the drive device, it is conceivable to arrange the brake inside the rotor in the radial direction, but an oil passage for cooling the generator coil, brake friction plate, etc. The structure becomes complicated.
[0005]
The present invention solves the problems of the conventional hybrid type vehicle, and provides a hybrid type vehicle in which the axial dimension of the drive device can be reduced and the oil passage structure can be simplified. With the goal.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, in the hybrid vehicle of the present invention, a transmission shaft that transmits the rotation from the internal combustion engine, a casing that rotatably supports the transmission shaft, a rotor that is fixed to the transmission shaft, and a casing that is fixed to the casing. A generator including a stator, a wet multi-plate brake that engages an outer friction plate supported by a rim of the rotor and an inner friction plate supported by a radially inner casing of the rotor, A groove is formed inwardly in the radial direction of the inner friction plate, and guides oil radially outward and axially, and an oil hole for supplying oil from the radially inner side to the groove.
[0007]
In another hybrid vehicle of the present invention, a bearing is further disposed between the transmission shaft and the casing that supports the inner friction plate.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of a hybrid vehicle drive device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 11 is an internal combustion engine (E / G), 12 is an output shaft that outputs the rotation generated by driving the internal combustion engine 11, and 13 is the rotation input through the output shaft 12. A planetary gear unit for shifting the speed of the planetary gear unit, 14 is an output shaft for outputting rotation after shifting in the planetary gear unit 13, 15 is a first gear fixed to the output shaft 14, and 16 is the planetary gear unit via the transmission shaft 17. 13 is a generator (G) connected to 13. The output shaft 14 has a sleeve shape and is disposed so as to surround the output shaft 12. The first gear 15 is disposed closer to the internal combustion engine 11 than the planetary gear unit 13.
[0009]
The planetary gear unit 13 includes a sun gear S, a pinion P that meshes with the sun gear S, a ring gear R that meshes with the pinion P, and a carrier CR that rotatably supports the pinion P.
The sun gear S is connected to the generator 16 via the transmission shaft 17, the ring gear R is connected to the first gear 15 via the output shaft 14, and the carrier CR is connected to the internal combustion engine 11 via the output shaft 12. .
[0010]
Further, the generator 16 is fixed to the transmission shaft 17, and is rotatably provided with a rotor 21, a stator 22 provided around the rotor 21, and a coil 23 wound around the stator 22. Consists of. The generator 16 generates electric power by the rotation transmitted through the transmission shaft 17. The coil 23 is connected to a power supply device and a battery (not shown), and supplies current to the battery for storage.
[0011]
An electric motor (M) 25 is arranged on an axis parallel to the axis of the internal combustion engine 11, and generates rotation by receiving current from the battery. A rotation of the electric motor 25 is output from 26. An output shaft 27 is a second gear fixed to the output shaft 26. The electric motor 25 includes a rotor 37 fixed to the output shaft 26 and rotatably disposed, a stator 38 disposed around the rotor 37, and a coil 39 wound around the stator 38. . The electric motor 25 generates torque by the current supplied to the coil 39. For this purpose, the coil 39 is connected to the power supply device and the battery, and current is supplied from the battery.
[0012]
A counter shaft 31 is disposed to rotate the internal combustion engine 11 and drive wheels (not shown) in the same direction, and a third gear 32 is fixed to the counter shaft 31. Further, the third gear 32 and the first gear 15 are meshed with each other, and the third gear 32 and the second gear 27 are meshed with each other. It is transmitted to the gear 32.
[0013]
Further, a fourth gear 33 having a smaller number of teeth than the third gear 32 is fixed to the counter shaft 31.
A fifth gear 35 is disposed in mesh with the fourth gear 33, a differential device 36 is fixed to the fifth gear 35, and the rotation transmitted to the fifth gear 35 is distributed by the differential device 36. , Transmitted to the drive wheel.
[0014]
Thus, not only can the rotation generated by the internal combustion engine 11 be transmitted to the third gear 32, but also the rotation generated by the electric motor 25 can be transmitted to the third gear 32. The drive device is operated in an engine drive mode for driving only the engine 11, a motor drive mode for driving only the electric motor 25, an engine / motor drive mode for driving the internal combustion engine 11 and the electric motor 25, a power generation mode for driving the generator 16, and the like. Can be operated.
[0015]
Further, by controlling the electric power generated in the generator 16, the rotational speed of the transmission shaft 17 can be controlled, and the internal combustion engine 11 and the electric motor 25 can be driven at the maximum efficiency points, respectively. Furthermore, the internal combustion engine 11 can be started by the generator 16.
Next, details of the hybrid vehicle having the above-described configuration will be described.
[0016]
FIG. 3 is a first longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hybrid vehicle driving apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a second vertical cross-sectional view of the hybrid vehicle driving apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, reference numeral 12 denotes an output shaft that outputs rotation generated by driving the internal combustion engine 11 (FIG. 2), and a flywheel 51 is fixed to the output shaft 12. The rotation transmitted from the output shaft 12 to the flywheel 51 is input to the planetary gear unit 13 through the damper device 52 and the transmission shaft 53. The planetary gear unit 13 includes a sun gear S, a pinion P meshing with the sun gear S, a ring gear R meshing with the pinion P, and a carrier CR fixed to the transmission shaft 53 and rotatably supporting the pinion P.
[0017]
The front end (right end in the figure) of the transmission shaft 53 is rotatably supported by the bearing 55 with respect to the casing 55, and the rear end (left end in the figure) with respect to the transmission shaft 17 is rotatably supported by the bearing 57. The
The output shaft 14 is rotatably supported by a bearing 58 on the outer periphery of the transmission shaft 53. The output shaft 14 has a sleeve shape, and a front end thereof is brought into contact with a flange portion 60 formed on the transmission shaft 53 via a thrust bearing 59 and a rear end thereof is brought into contact with the carrier CR via a thrust bearing 61.
[0018]
Further, a ring gear flange 62 is fixed to the rear end of the output shaft 14, and the ring gear R is fixed to the ring gear flange 62. A first gear 15 is fixed to the center of the output shaft 14.
An opening for receiving the rear end of the transmission shaft 53 is formed at the front end of the transmission shaft 17, and the transmission shaft 53 is rotatably supported by the bearing 57 disposed in the opening. The transmission shaft 17 is rotatably supported by the casing 56 by a bearing 65 in the vicinity of the front end. Further, the transmission shaft 17 projects forward from the bearing 65, and the sun gear S is spline engaged with the outer periphery of the projecting portion, and is rotatably supported by the casing 67 by the bearing 66 in the vicinity of the rear end. The transmission shaft 17 protrudes rearward from the bearing 66, and a resolver 70 is disposed on the outer periphery of the protruding portion. Since the resolver 70 is connected to the transmission shaft 17 without using a gear or the like, it is possible to prevent the positional accuracy from being lowered due to backlash. Further, since the resolver 70 is disposed on the opposite side of the internal combustion engine 11 with the generator 16 in the transmission shaft 17 interposed therebetween, the resolver 70 can be easily adjusted or detached.
[0019]
A generator 16 is disposed at the center of the transmission shaft 17. The generator 16 is fixed to the transmission shaft 17 and is rotatably arranged. The stator 22 is arranged around the rotor 21 and is fixed to a casing 56. The generator 16 is wound around the stator 22. The coil 23 is formed. The generator 16 is constituted by a magnet generator, and the rotor 21 is formed by alternately arranging the N pole and S pole of the permanent magnet 71. The generator 16 generates electric power by the rotation transmitted through the transmission shaft 17. The coil 23 is connected to a power supply device and a battery (not shown), and supplies current to the battery to store it.
[0020]
By the way, if the rotor 21 rotates when the power generation by the generator 16 is unnecessary, not only the rotation speed of the first gear 15 is lowered, but also a generator loss occurs. Therefore, by providing the brake B and engaging the brake B, it is possible to fix the rotor 21 and prevent the generator loss. In this way, the efficiency of the drive device can be increased. For this purpose, the brake B is a wet multi-plate brake and has a hydraulic servo 73. The hydraulic servo 73 can be supplied with hydraulic pressure to engage the brake B, and the hydraulic servo 73 can be drained to release the brake B.
[0021]
Further, bearings 75 and 76 are disposed at the front end and the rear end of the counter shaft 31, and the counter shaft 31 is rotatably supported by the casing 56 by the bearings 75 and 76. A third gear 32 is fixed in the vicinity of the rear end of the countershaft 31, and the third gear 32 and the first gear 15 are engaged with each other. On the other hand, the electric motor 25 includes a rotor 37 fixed to the output shaft 26 and rotatably arranged, a stator 38 arranged around the rotor 37, and a coil 39 wound around the stator 38. . The front end of the output shaft 26 is rotatably supported by the casing 55 by a bearing 78, and the rear end of the output shaft 26 is rotatably supported by the casing 67 by a bearing 79.
[0022]
The electric motor 25 is rotated by the current supplied to the coil 39. For this purpose, the coil 39 is connected to a power supply device and a battery (not shown), and current is supplied from the battery. A resolver 80 is disposed closer to the internal combustion engine 11 than the bearing 78 in the output shaft 26.
[0023]
The second gear 27 is fixed in the vicinity of the front end of the output shaft 26, and the second gear 27 and the third gear 32 are engaged with each other. Therefore, the rotation generated by the electric motor 25 is transmitted to the counter shaft 31 via the output shaft 26, the second gear 27, and the third gear 32.
Further, a fourth gear 33 is formed integrally with the counter shaft 31 in the vicinity of the front end of the counter shaft 31, and the differential device 36 is fixed to the fourth gear 33. The differential device 36 includes a differential case 81 in which the fifth gear 35 is fixed to the outer periphery, a pinion shaft 82 fixed to the differential case 81, a pinion 83 rotatably supported by the pinion shaft 82, and the pinion The rotation transmitted to the fifth gear 35 is distributed and transmitted to the side gear 84. A drive shaft 85 is fixed to the side gear 84, and the rotation distributed to each side gear 84 is further transmitted to drive wheels (not shown).
[0024]
Next, the generator 16 will be described.
FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of a main part of a drive device for a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a side view of a generator of the hybrid vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. The side view of the rotor in a form, FIG. 7 is a figure which shows the support part of the inner side board in embodiment of this invention.
[0025]
In the figure, 16 is a generator having a rotor 21, a stator 22 and a coil 23. The rotor 21 is a hub 115 spline-engaged with the transmission shaft 17, and a disk extending radially outward from the hub 115. 116, a rim 117 formed on the outer peripheral edge of the disk-shaped portion 116, a plurality of iron plates 118 fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rim 117, and a plurality of outer peripheral surfaces of the plate 118 in the circumferential direction It has the permanent magnet 71 arrange | positioned in the location. The plate 118 is held on the rim 117 by iron core stoppers 145 disposed at both ends. Further, holes 146 are formed at four locations in the circumferential direction of the disk-shaped portion 116.
[0026]
A brake B is disposed inward from the rim 117 in the radial direction. The brake B is formed by alternately arranging the outer plate 109 and the inner plates 110 and 111, and when hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic servo 73 and the outer plate 109 and the inner plates 110 and 111 are pressed against each other. When engaged, the hydraulic servo 73 is drained and released when the outer plate 109 and the inner plates 110 and 111 are not pressed against each other.
[0027]
Therefore, a sleeve-like rear support 123 as a support portion is formed in a portion corresponding to the transmission shaft 17 in the rear case 121 constituting the rear portion of the casing 56. The rear support 123 extends in the axial direction, and a bearing 66 for supporting the transmission shaft 17 is provided inside the front end (right end in the figure) of the rear support 123, and an oil seal is provided inside the rear end (left end in the figure). 125, and a resolver 70 is disposed on the rear end face.
[0028]
Further, a piston 127 of a hydraulic servo 73 is disposed on the outside of the rear support 123 so as to be able to advance and retract. The outer plate 109 and the inner plates 110 and 111 are disposed in front of the piston 127 (right side in the drawing). Arranged.
A spline 131 is formed on the inner periphery of the rim 117, and a spline 133 is formed on the outer periphery of the outer plate 109. By engaging the spline 131 and the spline 133, the outer plate 109 and the rim 117 are engaged. Can be made.
[0029]
A plurality of radially extending grooves 136 are formed at the front end of the rear support 123, and protrusions 138 and 139 are formed on the inner peripheries of the inner plates 110 and 111. The protrusions 138 and 139 are inserted into the grooves 136, respectively. By doing so, the inner plates 110 and 111 and the rear support 123 can be engaged.
Thus, since the brake B is arrange | positioned inside the rotor 21 in radial direction, the axial direction dimension of a drive device can be made small. Therefore, not only can the driving device be reduced in weight, but also the cost can be reduced. Further, when the drive device is mounted on the FF type hybrid vehicle, a sufficient steering angle can be taken, so that the minimum turning radius of the hybrid vehicle can be reduced.
[0030]
Furthermore, since the bearing 66 is disposed inside the rotor 21 in the radial direction, the axial dimension of the drive device can be further reduced.
By the way, when the generator 16 is driven, the coil 23 generates heat and the efficiency of the generator 16 decreases. Therefore, the grooves 151 extending in the axial direction are formed at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface of the casing 56, and the cooling tubes 152 are disposed in the respective grooves 151. An oil hole (not shown) is formed in a predetermined location on the side wall of the cooling tube 152, and the generator 16 can be cooled from the outer peripheral side by oil injected from the oil hole.
[0031]
The generator 16 is also cooled from the inner peripheral side. That is, the transmission shaft 17 is formed with a shaft oil passage 155 for supplying oil supplied from an oil pump (not shown) to each part of the driving device, and the oil supplied to the shaft oil passage 155 is in the radial direction. Is sent to the outside of the transmission shaft 17 through an oil hole 156 that extends to the oil chamber 156, and is supplied to an oil chamber 158 formed between the rear support 123 and the bearing 66.
[0032]
The shaft oil passage 155 is also supplied with oil from an oil passage 161 formed in the rear support 123.
When the brake B is released, the oil supplied to the oil chamber 158 lubricates the bearing 66 and flows radially outward in the groove 136, and the outer plate 109 and the inner plate 110, The brake B is cooled by being sent between the gaps between the brake B and the brake B. Thereafter, the oil is supplied to the welding groove 164 through an oil hole 163 that penetrates the rim 117 in the radial direction, and flows in the welding groove 164 in the axial direction.
[0033]
Next, the oil in the welding groove 164 flows out of the rotor 21 from both ends of the rotor 21 and then flows radially outward to cool the coil 23. The oil not supplied to the welding groove 164 flows in the axial direction along the rim 117 and then flows radially outward from both ends of the rim 117 to cool the coil 23.
On the other hand, when the brake B is engaged, the oil supplied to the oil chamber 158 tends to flow radially outward in the groove 136 after lubricating the bearing 66. Since the outer plate 109 and the inner plates 110 and 111 are in close contact with each other, the flow is prevented.
[0034]
Therefore, after lubricating the bearing 66, the oil flows axially in the groove 136, bypasses the outer plate 109 and the inner plates 110, 111, and creates a space between the inner plate 111 and the disk-like portion 116. Flows radially outward through. Thereafter, the oil is supplied to the welding groove 164 through the oil hole 163 and flows in the welding groove 164 in the axial direction.
Next, the oil in the welding groove 164 flows out of the rotor 21 from both ends of the rotor 21 and then flows radially outward to cool the coil 23. The oil not supplied to the welding groove 164 flows in the axial direction along the rim 117 and then flows radially outward from both ends of the rim 117 to cool the coil 23.
[0035]
Since the brake B is disposed inside the rotor 21 in the radial direction, the oil drained from the hydraulic servo 73 also flows outward in the radial direction when the brake B is released. Therefore, the coil 23 can be cooled by the oil.
In this way, when the brake B is released, oil is sent to the gap between the outer plate 109 and the inner plates 110 and 111 to cool the brake B, and then supplied to the coil 23 to generate power. The machine 16 can be cooled.
[0036]
When the brake B is engaged, the engagement can be performed while sliding the friction material by the oil supplied to the gap between the outer plate 109 and the inner plates 110, 111. Not only can be suppressed, but also the heat generated by the relative rotation until the engagement is completed can be removed.
[0037]
Further, when the engagement of the brake B is finished, it is not necessary to lubricate the friction material, so that the brake B itself can function as an oil path switching means and the oil path can be switched.
Further, when the brake B is engaged, the oil bypasses the outer plate 109 and the inner plates 110 and 111 and is supplied to the coil 23 through the space between the inner plate 111 and the disk-shaped portion 116. The generator 16 can be cooled.
[0038]
Further, the generator 16 can be cooled by the oil drained from the hydraulic servo 73 of the brake B.
Therefore, when the brake B is released, the oil flows radially outward in the groove 136, and when the brake B is engaged, the oil flows axially in the groove 136. Therefore, the brake B functions as an oil path switching means. Therefore, it is not necessary to form a complicated oil passage structure.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the present invention, in the hybrid vehicle, the transmission shaft that transmits the rotation from the internal combustion engine, the casing that rotatably supports the transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft are fixed. A generator including a rotor and a stator fixed to the casing, an outer friction plate supported by the rim of the rotor, and an inner friction plate supported by a radially inner casing of the rotor. A wet multi-plate brake, a groove formed radially inward of the inner friction plate, for guiding oil radially outward and axially, and supplying oil from the radially inner side to the groove An oil hole.
[0040]
In this case, since the wet multi-plate brake is disposed inward in the radial direction of the rotor, the axial dimension of the drive device can be reduced. Therefore, not only can the driving device be reduced in weight, but also the cost can be reduced. Further, when the driving device is mounted on the FF type hybrid vehicle, the steering angle can be sufficiently taken, so that the minimum turning radius of the hybrid vehicle can be reduced.
[0041]
Further, since a groove for guiding oil radially outward and axially is formed in the radially inner side of the inner friction plate, when the wet multi-plate brake is released, the groove is The oil that flows outward in the direction is sent to a gap between the outer friction plate and the inner friction plate to cool the wet multi-plate brake, and then sent to the coil via the rotor to cool the coil.
When the wet multi-plate brake is engaged, the engagement can be performed while sliding the friction material by the oil supplied to the gap between the outer friction plate and the inner friction plate. Not only can be suppressed, but also the heat generated by the relative rotation until the engagement is completed can be removed.
[0042]
In addition, when the engagement of the wet multi-plate brake is finished, it is not necessary to lubricate the friction material. it can.
Furthermore, when a wet multi-plate brake is engaged, the oil that has flowed in the axial direction through the groove flows radially outward, bypassing the outer friction plate and the inner friction plate. The plate brake is cooled and then sent to the coil through the rotor to cool the coil.
Therefore, it is not necessary to form a complicated oil passage structure for cooling the wet multi-plate brake and coil.
[0043]
In another hybrid vehicle of the present invention, a bearing is further disposed between the transmission shaft and the casing that supports the inner friction plate.
[0044]
In this case, since the bearing is disposed radially inward of the rotor, the axial dimension of the drive device can be further reduced.
Further, the oil after lubricating the bearing can be guided radially outward and axially through a groove formed radially inward of the inner friction plate.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of a main part of a drive device for a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of a drive device for a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a first longitudinal sectional view of a drive device for a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a second longitudinal sectional view of the hybrid vehicle driving apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a side view of the generator of the hybrid vehicle in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a side view of the rotor in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a view showing a support portion of the inner plate in the embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
11 Internal combustion engine 16 Generator 17 Transmission shaft 21, 37 Rotor 22, 38 Stator 23, 39 Coil 25 Electric motor 55, 56, 67 Casing 66 Bearing 109 Outer plate 110, 111 Inner plate 117 Rim 136 Groove B Brake

Claims (2)

A transmission shaft for transmitting rotation from the internal combustion engine;
A casing that rotatably supports the transmission shaft;
A generator including a rotor fixed to the transmission shaft and a stator fixed to the casing;
A wet multi-plate brake for engaging an outer friction plate supported by the rim of the rotor and an inner friction plate supported by a radially inner casing of the rotor;
A groove for guiding oil in a radially outward direction and an axial direction, and an oil hole for supplying oil from the radially inward direction to the groove; A hybrid vehicle characterized by Hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, Bearings are disposed between the casing for supporting the inner friction plate and the transmission shaft.

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