JP3662454B2 - Disc type strainer - Google Patents

Description

【００３９】

【００４０】
（２）重力式ろ過器
下記の条件にてろ過、逆洗を行なった。
１）１ｍ角×２．５ｍＨの水槽にストレーナ２５個を２００ピッチで設置
２）ろ床板 ： 厚さ、１５０ｍｍの鉄筋補強のモルタルとした。
３）ろ過材 ： ０．６ｍｍの砂：６００ｍｍ、支持層なし。
４）ろ過速度： ５ｍ／Ｈ
５）原水 ： 河川水 濁度３〜１０度
６）水逆洗 ： ０．６ｍ／ｍｉｎのみ（逆洗水はろ過水使用） １０分
７）空気逆洗： １．０ｍ／ｍｉｍ、５分→水逆洗、０．６ｍ／ｍｉｍ、１０分
【００４１】
結果：
１）ろ過は良好で、ろ過水の濁度は０．５度以下であった。
２）水逆洗；覗き窓から観察したところ、ろ過槽は均一に流動しており、濁質の排出も良好であった。
（空気逆洗→水逆洗）方式は、水逆洗後のブロー時間が約５分で終り、効果があった。
水と空気の同時逆洗を下記の条件で行なったが、装置的に何らの問題も生じなかった。
逆洗の効果は、（空気逆洗→水逆洗）方式と同程度であった。
水，０．２〜０．３ｍ／ｍｉｎ＋空気，０．８〜１．０ｍ／ｍｉｎ
【００４２】
（３）圧力式ろ過器
φ２０００×１６００ｍｍ（胴長）のろ過器について、３０ｍ³ ／Ｈで処理した。
１）集水装置の主管を２００Ａとし、枝管６５Ａ８本に（１）項のストレーナを６０個設置した。
２）前に説明したように、図１の配管４が入るように枝管に孔をあけ、下部配管部３の下端を枝管に垂直になるように溶接し、固定した。
この時、配管４の下端は枝管内に４５ｍｍ入るようにした。また、Φ４．０ｍｍの空気逆洗用孔を枝管内の配管４の最上部に、空気排出口を図１に示す１８の位置にΦ２．０ｍｍを１個設けた。
３）ストレーナは塔の下部胴長部より約５００ｍｍの位置に、図１のＬ１より約７ｍｍ上まで、モルタルで固定した。
４）その上に、ろ過層として、０．６ｍｍの砂を６００ｍｍ充填し、前記の原水について処理を行なった。
【００４３】

逆洗工程は、いずれも装置的に問題なく実施できた。
また、その効果も、▲３▼と▲４▼が良く、逆洗後のブロー工程が短くなった。
【００４４】
【発明の効果】
本発明のディスク型ストレーナを各種のろ過器の集配水装置に設備することにより、従来、処理が困難であった、使用により発生する濁質、その他の微細な物質の過器の集積による目詰まり等の除去処理が、容易に実施できるので、上水、一般用水、海水処理用のろ過器等に設備して極めて有用である。
さらに、本発明のディスク型ストレーナは、圧力式ろ過器、重力式ろ過器いずれにも適用でき、次のような効果を有する。
▲１▼ ストレーナ上部からの前記一体構造体の取出し、再挿入および固定が容易にできるシンプルなディスク型ストレーナであって、この構造体は装置新設時、定期点検時および異常時の工事点検等の作業効率が改善される。
▲２▼ この構造体のストレーナは、重力式ろ過器、圧力式ろ過器における水、および空気の均一分散を達成することができる。
▲３▼ ろ過工程、各逆洗工程を効率的に行なえ、水逆洗と同様に空気逆洗、水と空気の同時逆洗も自由にできる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明のディスク型ストレーナの基本的構造例の縦断面図を示す。
【図２】本発明のディスク型ストレーナを構成するディスクの構造例の平面図を示す。
【図３】本発明のディスク型ストレーナを構成する押えボルトの構造例を示し、（ａ）はその正面図、（ｂ）はその平面図である。
【図４】従来の縦形ストレーナの例−１を設置した圧力式ろ過器の一部縦断側面図を示す。
【図５】図４の圧力式ろ過器へ設置した従来の縦形ストレーナの例−１の縦断側面図を示す。
【図６】従来の縦形ストレーナの例−２を設置した重力式ろ過器の一部縦断側面図を示す。
【図７】従来のディスク型ストレーナのディスクの形状例の平面図を示す。
【符号の説明】
１ 上部構造体（ストレーナ本体）
２ ネジ止め部（ストレーナ本体）
３ 下部配管部（ストレーナ本体）
４ 逆洗用管
５ 振止め
６ 一体構造体
７ 受部（一体構造体）
８ 開口部（一体構造体）
９ ネジ止め部（一体構造体）
１１ ディスク積層部位
１２ 押えボルト
１３ 上部キャップ
１４ ナット
１５ ナット
１６ 空気流入口
１７ 空気排出口
１８ 空気排出口
１９ 振止め開口
２０ 水の流入、排出口
２１ ディスクの孔
２２ 中央部分（ディスク）
２３ 通路
２４ 連結部
２５ 外周部
２６ 涙滴型形状部分
２７ 最外周部
２８ ろ床板（圧力式ろ過器）
２９ 縦形ストレーナ
３０ ナット
３１ ろ過水貯留部
３２ 縦形スリット部
３３ オネジを有する配管部分
３４ 空気逆洗用配管
３５ 空気流入口
３６ 空気排出口
３７ ストレーナの通る孔
３８ ろ床板（重力式ろ過器）
３９ スリーブ
４０ スリット部（半円球部）
４１ オネジを有する配管部
４２ パッキン
４３ 縦形スリットの保護部
４４ 空気逆洗用配管
４５ 空気流入口
４６ 空気排出口
４７ ディスク中央部の孔
４８ 中央部分
４９ 開口
５０ 連結部
５１ 外周部
５２ 涙滴型形状部分
５３ 最外周部
Ｌ１ ろ床板内埋込み部長さ
Ｌ２ 下部配管部３の長さ
Ｌ３ ろ床板下の配管４の長さ
Ｌ４ 上部キャップの直径
Ｌ５ 押えボルト長さ（下部）
Ｌ６ ディスク積層体の長さ（押えボルト）
Ｌ７ ナット１４、１５相当押えボルト長さ
Ｌ８ ディスク外周部２５の（スリット部の水平方向長さ）
Ｓ すきま
Ｆ 配管４のストッパー[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a strainer used as a water collecting / distributing device for a filter, which is generally used for water treatment of waterworks, sewers, industrial wastewater, seawater, and the like, and when other liquids require a filtration step.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The water collection and distribution device collects treated water evenly during filtration by a filter, and when backwashing, it is trapped in a filter medium such as sand filled in the upper part of the strainer due to uniform water and air dispersion. It plays a role in discharging turbidity. Since the water collecting and distributing apparatus is basically an important technology for the filter, it has been improved with the progress of the filter.
The strainer method is also referred to as a nozzle method, and since the early 1940s to 1950s, the basic structure and the like have been studied and improved while being put into practical use.
The water collecting and distributing device is composed of a main pipe (mother pipe), a perforated pipe system that is connected to the main pipe and includes a branch pipe having a small hole or a slit, and a strainer system that installs a strainer having a slit on a filter bed (perforated board). The present invention is roughly classified into two types (the present invention belongs to this system).
[0003]
The above-mentioned “slit” means “gap”, and in any method, the slit width is determined so that the treated water passes and the filter medium does not pass during filtration.
On the other hand, at the time of backwashing, it is necessary to have a function of dispersing backwashing water or backwashing air as uniformly as possible and discharging turbidity trapped in the filter medium.
Also, during filtration, it is difficult for turbidity to enter the slit, and if turbidity that causes clogging or a fine filter material itself gets into the slit, they can be easily discharged. In addition, it is required to be able to implement a structure and operation method to which a backwashing method capable of discharging can be applied.
[0004]
There are various types of perforated tube systems, examples of which are shown below.
1) A small hole of about φ6-12mm is made in the branch pipe connected to the main pipe, and gravel as a support layer is laminated in the order of large → medium → small size, and then a filter medium such as sand is filled thereon. method.
2) A system in which the small-branched branch pipe is covered with a plastic net or a metal cover having a fine and uniform slit.
3) A system in which a strainer is directly installed in a branch pipe instead of a small hole, a so-called perforated pipe system and a strainer system.
In addition, there are several methods that have been changed according to the type of filter media and the operation method.
[0005]
The perforated pipe method is generally used when only water backwashing is mainly performed as backwashing.
Since the pipe resistance of air is much smaller than that of water, the pipe diameter for water cannot be used as it is. Therefore, when air backwashing is performed, a dedicated air backwashing is separately performed so that air can be uniformly dispersed. It is necessary to provide piping having an appropriate orifice hole diameter. This method is complicated because the equipment is double piping.
For this reason, a technique has been carried out in which air is directly blown into the main pipe of the water backwash pipe to obtain an effect close to “simultaneous washing of water and air”.
However, in this method, when the filter medium has a large specific gravity such as sand, it is difficult to achieve uniform dispersion because it is difficult to achieve uniform dispersion.
In addition, when there is a support layer or when the filter medium is a multilayer, mixing occurs, and it is difficult to apply a layer after backwashing, so that it is difficult to apply.
[0006]
The strainer method is generally divided into two types as described below.
(1) Vertical strainer with vertical slits
1) This system can be configured quite freely using mainly plastic materials such as a slit width of 0.15 to 1.0 mm. Also, various shapes can be manufactured and widely used.
The structure of the slit is so that it is difficult to clog, and if the outer opening width of the strainer is in the range of 0.15 to 0.5 mm, the inside of the opening immediately opens in a fan shape and is several times more than the outside. The opening width is as follows.
That is, the horizontal distance of the slit is extremely short, and turbidity etc. that have passed through the outer slit width do not accumulate in the horizontal direction of the slit, but immediately flow into filtered water or washing waste water. , So as not to cause clogging.
[0007]
At the time of backwashing, if there are a lot of turbidity etc. whose particle size is larger than the slit width in the backwashing water, clogging occurs from the inside of the slit, and it accumulates in the fan-shaped slit, There is a risk that it will not be possible.
Therefore, in general, filtered water is used as backwashing water, and backwashing with raw water containing a substance having a large amount of turbidity and a large particle size is not usually performed.
2) Pressure filter of FIG. 4;
As shown in the example of φ3000, a hole 37 through which the strainer 29 passes is opened in the filter floor plate 28, the strainer 29 is inserted, an operator also enters under the filter floor plate 28, and together with the upper worker, An installation method for narrowing, fixing, and checking the threaded portion with the nut 30 has been performed for a long time.
In this installation method, upper and lower manholes for workers to enter and exit are installed to facilitate work in the filtrate storage section 31 below the filter floor plate 28, and therefore measures such as increasing the tower height are necessary.
[0008]
However, the work efficiency is not necessarily good because it is generally necessary to work above and below the filter floor plate 28, and in particular, the work below the filter floor plate 28 is difficult.
In the strainer used in the example of FIG. 4, as shown in FIG. 5, the vertical slit portion 32 and the piping portion 33 having a male screw at the lower portion thereof are integrally formed.
A pipe 34 having an air inlet 35 and an air outlet 36 and capable of air backwashing is inserted inside the pipe portion 33 having male threads, and is fixed with an adhesive or the like. It is said.
This integrated structure is inserted into a hole 37 provided in the filter floor plate 28 from above, and is squeezed and fixed by a nut 30 under the filter floor plate 28.
The thickness of the filter floor plate 28 is about 20 to 30 mm because its area is small.
As a material of the filter floor plate 28, a steel-lined rubber lining is generally used.
[0009]
3) When the filtration area is generally a large gravity type, the number of strainers to be installed also increases.
FIG. 6 shows an example of strainer installation. Although only one strainer is shown in FIG. 6, other strainers are similarly installed.
Since the filtration area is large, the thickness L9 of the filter floor plate 38 is increased to about 100 to 200 mm, usually around 150 mm, so that it can sufficiently withstand the pressure during operation, particularly backwashing. Preliminary work to fix the vertical.
In this case, reinforcing bars and the like are also reinforced, and precast concrete, mortar or the like is injected and fixed as a fixing agent.
When a new apparatus is installed, the construction for maintaining the sleeve 39 vertically, the reinforcement work for reinforcing bars and the like, and the injection work for the fixing agent are important, and special attention is required.
However, since this work has a large number of strainers, it takes time and work efficiency is poor.
For this reason, in addition to reviewing the installation work method, there is still a need to improve the structure of the strainer itself in order to facilitate work inspections at the time of regular inspections and abnormalities.
[0010]
4) However, in the example of the improved vertical strainer in recent years (FIG. 6), the upper part fixed in the filter floor plate 38 is in the sleeve 39 having a female thread, and has a diameter of 70 mm which is almost the same structure as the example of FIG. A semi-spherical slit portion 40 and the upper part of the integral molding are inserted into a pipe portion 41 having a male thread, and an integrated structure composed of a fixed air backwash pipe 44 is screwed into the sleeve 39 from above and narrowed down. Fix it. And it can be taken out again.
This narrowing force must be properly controlled by torque management.
In the overall configuration of FIG. 6, the above-mentioned integrated structure can be inserted, fixed, and taken out as necessary by working from the top of the sleeve 39, that is, from the filter floor plate 38. Making it easy.
[0011]
The narrowing work by the nut 30 as in the examples of FIGS. 4 to 5 is eliminated.
The basic structure of the strainer of the monolithic structure of the example shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 is almost the same except that the fixing method to the filter floor plates 28 and 38 is different.
In addition, since the air inlets 35 and 45, the air outlets 36 and 46, etc. provided in the pipes 34 and 44 of the integral structure are performed by post-processing, they can have the same hole diameter and the same position as other strainers, Uniform dispersion during backwashing is achieved.
Then, (1) water backwashing, (2) air backwashing → water backwashing, (3) “simultaneous backwashing of water and air” and the like can be freely performed as necessary.
[0012]
(2) A so-called disc type strainer in which discs are laminated and slits are provided in the lateral direction 1) When the disc structure is devised and laminated, a gap of about 0.15 to 0.5 mm between adjacent discs, that is, The slit is formed.
As described above, the slit structure of the vertical strainer has an outflow side at the time of filtration if the outer side which is the inflow side at the time of filtration and the outlet side at the time of backwashing is, for example, 0.25 to 0.3 mm wide. The inside which becomes the entrance side at the time of backwashing is as large as about 1 to 2 mm and is opened in a fan shape.
The length of this fan-shaped part is about 2 to 3 mm.
On the other hand, in the disk type, the outer width of 0.25 to 0.3 mm continues horizontally, and the inner width is the same.
[0013]
There is also an example in which the length L8 of the horizontal portion is set to several tens of millimeters.
In addition, even if this horizontal part is devised and lengthened to about 20 mm, the desired slit width is obtained as an uneven shape, and a large number of holes of about 2 to 3 mm square are arranged so that there is no problem in strength. In addition, there is an example in which turbidity or the like that has entered the horizontal portion L8 can be discharged.
The example of FIG. 7 shows a state of the disc as viewed from above, and circular convex portions 52 are provided on the outer peripheral portions 51 on both the front and back sides of the disc, and when the discs are stacked, tightened and fixed, the target, for example, A slit width of 0.3 mm is obtained.
In the example of FIG. 7, the uniform slit width is obtained because there are four connecting portions 50 and four openings 49 between the disc central portion 48 and the outer peripheral portion 51, but these are uniform without any deviation. When laminated, the slit width of 0.3 mm is obtained uniformly, and the deviation is extremely small.
[0014]
However, when this layered state is disturbed (the disk moves due to repeated loading during filtration, particularly backwashing), a random layered state results in a fluctuation of about 0.24 to 0.37 mm in the original 3 mm width. , Non-uniform slit width.
Thus, if the slit width is increased, the filter medium or the like easily enters the slit when the process moves to the washing process after back washing, that is, when the filtration layer changes from the fluidized state to the fixed layer. That is, clogging is likely to occur.
Such a phenomenon is due to the fact that the disk easily moves during filtration, particularly during backwashing, because the hole 47 in the center of the disk is circular as seen in FIG.
In the initial stage of stacking, a plurality of disks were stacked in an orderly manner, but this was caused by the above-described misalignment between the disks in a short time due to disturbances such as operating conditions.
Further, if the slit width is reduced or the slit width is unevenly distributed even within one strainer, it is difficult to obtain a uniform dispersion of water and air, resulting in a phenomenon of a single flow.
Further, when the layers are laminated non-uniformly, the area of the opening 49 shown in FIG. 7 becomes non-uniform, and problems such as an increase in resistance during backwashing occur.
[0015]
2) While the disk type has water and air in the horizontal direction during backwashing, the vertical strainer has a slit in the vertical direction, so it is not in the horizontal direction during backwashing. Go up.
In this respect, the disk type is more preferable in terms of uniform dispersion during backwashing.
However, the horizontal distance L8 of the opening of the disk-type slit is considerably longer than the length of the fan-shaped portion of the vertical strainer, as described above.
In the disk type, depending on the shape of the disk, for example, in the disk shape as shown in FIG. 7, the hole 47 in the center of the disk is circular, and the shape of the disk presser bolt shown in FIG. Since it is a rod, the disk moves easily due to repeated loads during filtration and backwashing during long-term operation, etc., and the laminated state tends to be uneven. And the problem as described in said 1) will arise.
[0016]
3) As with the vertical strainer, a method of fixing the disk type with a nut under the filter floor plate is also generally used.
As in the example shown in FIG. 4, the filter floor plate 28 is used when it is thin rather than thick as shown in FIG. 6.
Water backwashing, air backwashing, and “water and air simultaneous backwashing” can be performed freely.
However, it is limited to the case of using a strainer having a structure similar to that of the vertical slit, which has an air inlet, an air outlet, an inflow of water, and an opening serving as an outlet to the bottom of the filter floor plate 28. Is done.
Disk types other than such a structure should be limited to cases where air backwashing is insufficient as described above and only water backwashing is performed.
4) In a pressure filter, installing a disk-type strainer in a multi-pipe type branch pipe is welded to the branch pipe so that the lower end of the pipe at the bottom of the strainer is vertical, and then generally mortar is injected, It is buried and fixed leaving the upper disc part of the main pipe, branch pipe and strainer.
And the backwashing method is mainly water backwashing.
[0017]
Although it is said that air backwashing can be performed, (1) the method uses the water backwashing orifice provided in the strainer piping as it is to inject air. (2) An air pipe having an orifice dedicated to air backwashing is provided for each branch pipe, and air is injected.
However, in the method (2), a large number of strainers are installed in the branch pipes, and it is difficult to uniformly distribute the air for each strainer and for each branch pipe.
Therefore, a substantially effective uniform dispersion of air is not achieved, which is quite inadequate and results in uneven air backwashing.
5) In a gravity filter, it may be said that it is impossible to provide the air pipe as described above due to its structure.
Therefore, air backwashing and “simultaneous backwashing of water and air” are not possible.
It has a pipe that can be backwashed with air with an air inlet with an appropriate hole diameter that is long under the filter floor plate, and is easy to maintain from the upper part of the strainer. This is because a disk type that can be recharged and fixed has not yet been made.
[0018]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to solve the following problems in order to be able to apply the disk type strainer to both a pressure type filter and a gravity type filter and to sufficiently fulfill its purpose.
1) A simple disk-type strainer that allows easy removal, re-insertion, and fixation of the integrated structure from the upper part of the strainer, and a structure that can improve work efficiency such as when equipment is newly installed, during periodic inspections, and during work inspections when there are abnormalities. To provide.
2) To provide a strainer for a structure capable of achieving uniform dispersion of water and air in a gravity filter and a pressure filter.
3) In order to efficiently perform the filtration step and each backwashing step, air backwashing and “simultaneous backwashing of water and air” as well as water backwashing can be performed freely.
Is an issue.
[0019]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies aimed at solving the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have found that the example of the basic structure of FIG. 1 is preferable and can solve the above problems, and have arrived at the present invention.
That is, this invention solved the said subject by the following means.
(1) The strainer body is composed of an upper structure, a screw fixing portion having a female screw, and a lower piping portion, and a receiving portion having a female screw for a disc presser bolt in the upper structure, and inflow and discharge of water and air in the lower portion. The lower piping part provided with an integrally formed integral structure having an opening for use and a screwing part having a male screw at the lower part thereof, and further having an air inlet, an air outlet, an inflow of water, an opening for discharging water, etc. A disk type strainer, wherein a pipe having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the screw is inserted and fixed inside a screwing portion having the male screw.
[0020]
(2) Screw the disc retainer bolt into the receiving part of the integrated structure and fix the disc through the retainer bolt through the bolt hole in the center of the disc. The disc type strainer according to (1), wherein the disc type strainer is narrowed down and fixed from above.
(3) When the strainer is installed in a perforated pipe type branch pipe, the lower end of the lower pipe portion of the strainer body is fixed to the branch pipe by welding or the like, and the air inlet / outlet, water flow The disk type strainer according to (1) or (2), wherein the pipe having the inlet and the outlet is set to a length that allows the pipe to enter the branch pipe.
[0021]
(4) When installing the strainer on the filter floor plate, the air inlet is formed as the integrated structure by vertically fixing and installing the vicinity of the disk stacking portion of the strainer main body to the lower end of the piping section of the main body with a fixing agent. Any one of said (1)-(3) characterized by elongating the said pipe | tube which has an air discharge port, inflow of water, the opening for discharge | emission etc. to the required position under a filter floor board. Disc type strainer.
(5) The shape of the hole through which the presser bolt passes in the center of the disc, the portion corresponding to the layer height of the disc stacking portion of the presser bolt, and the cross-sectional shape of the presser cap portion are formed in a square shape. The disc type strainer according to any one of (1) to (3).
The fixing agent (4) is preferably precast concrete or mortar reinforced with reinforcing bars. In (5) above, the cross-sectional shape of the pressing cap portion is a square so that it can cope with a change in the number of stacked disks.
[0022]
The present invention provides the above-described vertical strainer, which has been improved and put into practical use in the past. A strainer having a male screw thread in the filter floor plate is formed as a whole as a whole structure. The means for screwing and tightening is improved so that it can be applied to a disk type strainer.
In the present invention, the disc type strainer main body also has a role of a sleeve used in the above-described vertical strainer.
And, in the strainer having a role as a sleeve, a disk holding bolt is provided on the upper part of the integrated structure that is screwed, tightened and fixed, and the disk is stacked and fixed on the strainer stacking portion. .
Then, this integrated structure is taken out from the top of the filter floor plate, and can be reinserted and fixed.
[0023]
Hereinafter, a basic structural example of the disc type strainer of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
(1) The strainer body includes an upper structure 1, a screw fastening portion 2 having a female screw (not shown) inside the lower portion thereof, a lower piping portion 3 through which a water backwashing and air backwashing piping 4 is passed below, and It is composed of a backrest 5 around the periphery of the screwing portion 2. In this case, the brace 5 is provided in order for the strainer body to act as a sleeve.
(2) The strainer passes from the upper structure 1 of the main body through the lower piping section 3 of the main body, and is integrated with the air backwashing and water backwashing pipe 4, and the disk on the upper structure 1. The disc stack 10 is placed on the laminating portion 11, and the disc is pressed to hold the disc, and is composed of a presser bolt 12 for tightening and fixing, an upper cap 13, and nuts 14 and 15.
[0024]
(3) The integrated structure 6 receives the disk retainer bolt 12 and receives the receiving portion 7 having a female screw hole for fixing, a water, air inflow and discharge opening 8 thereunder, and further the screw in the lower portion. The stop portion 9 is an integrally formed integral structure.
Further, the pipe 4 for air backwashing and water backwashing with air inflow / outlet, water inflow / outlet is inserted into the inside of the screwing portion 9 and fixed with an adhesive and a physical stopper. It is made from an integrated structure.
Then, the integrated structure 6 is screwed into the screwing portion 2 on the strainer body side having a female screw on the inside, and fixed after being narrowed down.
Then, if necessary, this portion is loosened, and the integrated structure 6 can be freely removed and reinserted and fixed from the upper part of the main body with the disk laminate 10, the upper cap 13 and the nuts 14 and 15 removed. And
[0025]
(4) The disk is fixed by fixing the presser bolt 12 to the receiving part 7 having the female thread of the integrated structure 6, and then passing the disk having a hole in the center part through the presser bolt 12 to form the disk laminated body 10, and the upper part thereof. Narrow down with the double nut of cap 13 and nuts 14 and 15, and firmly fix the disc.
(5) The pipe 4 inserted inside the screwing portion 9 of the integrated structure 6 includes an air inlet 16 for air cleaning, air backwashing and water backwashing after “water and air simultaneous backwashing”. In order to discharge the air generated by backwashing in air as quickly as possible so as not to remain in the washing, for example, the air discharge port 17 having a hole diameter φ of about 2 mm, and the gap between the pipe portion 3 at the lower part of the main body and the pipe 4 In order to discharge the air of S, an air discharge port 18 having a hole diameter φ of about 1.0 to 2.0 is also provided immediately below the screwing portion 9.
Also, a vertical opening 19 is provided at the lower part of the pipe 4 to prevent the pipe 4 from swinging due to fluctuations in the water level during air backwashing or “simultaneous backwashing of water and air”.
The opening 19 may be opened to the opening 20 which is an inlet / outlet of water at the lower end of the pipe 4.
[0026]
(6) In the present invention, the shape of the hole 21 at the center of the disk and the shape of the hole at the center of the upper cap 13 are not circular, but are square, hexagonal, etc. By making the length of the presser bolt 12 corresponding to the disk stack 10 the same as the shape of the hole 21 in the center of the disk, the disk can be stacked in the same stacked state simply by stacking the disks. The stacking and fixing work can be simplified. It is possible to cope with an increase or decrease in the number of disks.
In addition, the initial position is maintained so that the disk position does not move due to fluctuations in the pressure of water, air, etc. during filtration or backwashing, resulting in a non-uniform stacking state, and fluctuations in the slit width are suppressed. doing.
By constructing in such a structure, various problems found in the conventional disk type strainer described above can be solved.
[0027]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
(1) When the strainer of the present invention is installed on a filter floor plate or a branch pipe, in order to maintain the main body in a vertical state with the disk and the integrated structure 6 removed, a swing stopper 5 is provided on the outer periphery of the strainer. .
Then, when increasing the strength of the filter floor plate, after the work of inserting the reinforcing bars, etc., after fixing the fixing agent such as mortar into the strainer, the fixing agent is injected, and after fixing, the integrated structure 6 is inserted and fixed. To do.
In this case, the tightening and fixing force of the screw fastening portions 2 and 9 is such that the outer diameter of the receiving portion 7 of the integrated structure 6 is set to a screw standard such as M12, for example, and using a fastener suitable for the dimensions, Tighten securely while controlling the tightening torque.
[0028]
In this case, the uppermost part of the receiving part 7 is placed on the disk stacking part 11 in an orderly manner. Then, for example, an M12 size disc retainer bolt 12 is screwed and fixed to the female thread portion of the receiving portion 7, and the disc is fitted into the retainer bolt 12 to form the disc laminate 10, and tightened with the upper cap 13 and nuts 14 and 15. , Fix.
When constructed in this manner, as shown in FIG. 1, the strainer main body is firmly fixed to the L1 portion in the filter floor plate by the swing stopper 5 and the fixing agent.
By such construction, the strainer body serves as a sleeve for receiving, protecting and fixing the integrated structure 6.
For example, a double hatched portion having a disk shape of the anti-rest 5 serves as a anti-vibration against a force in the vertical direction, and a vertical portion of the single oblique line serves as an anti-vibration against a lateral force.
[0029]
(2) The length of the portion L1 is about 100 to 200 mm, and is preferably 150 mm or more in terms of strength and construction work.
When the length of the L1 portion needs to be adjusted, the length L2 of the lower piping portion 3 is adjusted.
If the length of the portion L2 is set to about 70 mm, it can be lengthened or shortened, so that the adjustment of L1 can be easily performed.
It is also possible to make the upper end of L1 to be the dimension up to the stacking portion 11 of the disk by means of construction work.
Therefore, what comes out under the filter floor plate is a portion of the pipe 4 corresponding to L3 shown in FIG.
The length of the portion L3 may be about 100 to 300 mm so that it can be changed depending on the apparatus design conditions.
When the disk is installed on the filter floor plate, the pipe 4 is provided with an air inlet 16 for backwashing the air. Since this hole diameter changes with backwash conditions, it calculates and calculates | requires every apparatus design.
[0030]
Further, in order to discharge the air in the gap S between the air discharge port 17, the lower pipe portion 3 and the pipe 4 having a diameter of about 2 mm, about one each of the air discharge ports 18 is also provided in the outer peripheral portion of the gap S.
If the air remains in the water backwash process after the backwashing of the air after the backwashing of the filter floor, the remaining air is mixed into the filter medium during the backwashing of the water, disturbing the filtration layer, The filtration layer cannot be sized, and the next filtration step is adversely affected.
The air outlets 17 and 18 must have appropriate hole diameters and positions to reliably avoid such a phenomenon.
[0031]
(3) When installing in the branch pipe of a pressure type filter, this length L2 is adjusted (cut | disconnected), it is set as appropriate length L1, and the lower end of the lower piping part 3 is welded to a branch pipe. In addition, a pipe having an air inlet / outlet, a water inlet / outlet, and the like has a length that extends into the branch pipe so that water backwashing, air backwashing, and the like can be performed.
The length of L3 of the pipe 4 is governed by the diameter of the branch pipe, but 40 to 80 mm or more is necessary to achieve uniform dispersion of air.
When installing in a branch pipe, attention is paid to the hole diameters and positions of the air inlet 16 and the air outlets 17 and 18.
Further, the anti-vibration 19 of the pipe 4 may be opened to the lower end of the pipe 4.
Further, since the uniform distribution of water and air is largely governed by the horizontality of the branch pipes and the verticality of the strainer, careful attention is required for construction.
As the installation method to the branch pipe, there is a means for increasing the strength and increasing the swing prevention 19 until the lower end of the pipe 4 comes into contact with the bottom of the branch pipe, and a means for using the lower end of the lower pipe 3 as a flange.
[0032]
(4) In the present invention, the diameter of the disk is about 60 to 80 mm.
L4 in FIG. 1 indicates the diameter of the upper cap 13, which is slightly larger than the diameter of the disk.
Then, the shape of the hole 21 at the center of the disk is not a circle but a square or a hexagon, and a portion L6 having a length corresponding to the disk stack of the presser bolt 12 is made the same as the hole shape at the center of the disk. By simply laminating the disks, it is devised so that the same lamination state is obtained, and the disk lamination and fixing operations are simplified.
As a result, this laminated state can be maintained for a long time, and the slit width can be kept constant.
1) FIG. 2 shows a case where the shape of the hole at the center of the disk is a square.
FIG. 2 is a top view of one of the disks taken along the line AA in FIG. In FIG. 2, a rectangular hole (opening) 21 through which the presser bolt 12 passes is opened at the center of the disk.
[0033]
For example, in the case of a presser bolt of M12, the diameter of the hole 21 is slightly larger than the dimension inscribed in φ12 mm of the presser bolt, and the length part of the L6 square part of the presser bolt 12 and the male thread of L5 and L7 passes through. It is an easy rectangle.
The portion L5 has a male screw and enters the female screw portion of the receiving portion 7 of the integrated structure 6 so as to have a fixed length and a fixing portion.
The L7 portion only needs to have a length for the double nuts 14 and 15.
The square dimension of the square hole 21 and the presser bolt 12 may be based on a dimension circumscribing the diameter of the presser bolt. In addition, it is preferable that the square corner of the center of the disc is slightly rounded on the presser bolt to prevent deterioration of the strength of the disc.
2) The central portion 22 around the hole 21 has the same height as the teardrop-shaped portion 26 in the outer peripheral portion 25.
[0034]
The teardrop-shaped portions 26 in the central portion 22 and the outer peripheral portion 25 are provided at the same position, height, and area on the front and back of the disc.
When such discs are stacked, the stacked state is always constant, and the teardrop-shaped portion 26 in the central portion 22 and the outer peripheral portion 25 is surely overlapped.
Therefore, the target slit width, for example, 0.3 mm can be reliably obtained in the outermost peripheral portion 27 of the disk.
Further, the fluctuation of the slit width is considerably smaller and constant than before.
Thus, the fact that the variation of the slit width can be reduced and can be maintained for a long time has the following great advantages.
[0035]
For example, when backwashing water at the time of backwashing contains turbidity larger than the slit width, the conventional vertical strainer accumulates in the aforementioned fan-shaped part of the slit, and backwashing takes a short time. There is a risk that it will not be possible.
Moreover, the backwashing pressure pushes it into the narrowest part of the slit and it is firmly sandwiched between the slits, making it difficult to blow out water, etc. from the direction of filtration, which is the reverse of backwashing. There is a great risk of clogging.
However, in the disk type, the innermost slit width following the opening 23 of the outermost peripheral part 27 and the outer peripheral part 25 of the disk is almost the same in every part.
Therefore, even if turbidity larger than the slit width is included in the backwash water, the turbidity stops at the innermost part of the disk, and the risk that it cannot be backwashed is the same. The water can be easily recovered from the direction of filtration opposite to that of backwashing by blowing water or the like.
In this respect, there is a great difference between the present invention and the conventional vertical strainer and disk type with varying slit width.
[0036]
3) The connecting portion 24 that connects the central portion 22 and the outer peripheral portion 25 is necessary to increase the strength of the disc itself.
In FIG. 2, the number is four, but it may be many. In short, the total opening area of the water and air passages 23 obtained when the disks are stacked should be satisfactory in terms of flow velocity.
4) When discs are stacked, if the slit width of the outermost peripheral portion 27 of the disc is 0.3 mm, for example, the thickness of the outer peripheral portion 25 is reduced. preferable.
Since the distance L8 between the outermost peripheral portion 27 and the water or air passage 23 is a horizontal slit, the shorter one is less likely to accumulate when turbidity or the like during backwash enters. Moreover, it becomes easy to discharge | emit.
[0037]
In the present invention, the stacked state of the disks is always nearly constant, and the teardrop-shaped portion 26 having the same height at the center portion 22 and the outer peripheral portion is surely overlapped. The horizontal slit distance L8 may be reduced. If there is a problem in strength depending on the material of the disc, it is also a solution to increase the thickness of the entire disc.
Therefore, the amount of L8 can be reduced, and the number of points in the conventional cylindrical shape shown in the example of FIG. 7 can be reduced by the amount that can be reduced in the teardrop-shaped portion 26 of the present invention. Mixing and accumulation of refined filter media can be reduced.
And even when they enter the slit, air backwashing, water backwashing, and “simultaneous backwashing of water and air” can be appropriately selected and carried out, which facilitates discharge.
5) Since the teardrop-shaped portion of the convex portion on the outer peripheral portion 25 has less hydrodynamic resistance than the cylindrical shape shown in FIG. 7, the flow of water during backwashing, that is, the discharge of turbidity In addition, the number is small and the size itself is small.
This is because measures are taken in the present invention so that the disks can be reliably stacked and the stacked state can be maintained in the initial state even after long-term operation.
[0038]
【Example】
The main materials, specifications, etc. will be described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments shown in FIGS.
(1) Based on the example of the basic structure of the present invention shown in FIGS.

[0039]

[0040]
(2) Gravity filter
Filtration and backwashing were performed under the following conditions.
1) 25 strainers are installed at 200 pitch in a 1m square x 2.5mH water tank.
2) Filter floor plate: Reinforced reinforced mortar with a thickness of 150 mm.
3) Filter material: 0.6 mm sand: 600 mm, no support layer.
4) Filtration rate: 5m / H
5) Raw water: River water Turbidity 3-10 degrees
6) Water backwashing: Only 0.6 m / min (backwashing water uses filtered water) 10 minutes
7) Air backwash: 1.0 m / mim, 5 minutes → water backwash, 0.6 m / mim, 10 minutes
[0041]
result:
1) Filtration was good and the turbidity of the filtrate was 0.5 degrees or less.
2) Backwashing with water; Observing from the viewing window, the filtration tank was flowing uniformly and the turbidity was discharged well.
The (air backwash → water backwash) method was effective because the blow time after backwashing with water ended in about 5 minutes.
Although simultaneous backwashing of water and air was performed under the following conditions, there was no problem with the apparatus.
The effect of backwashing was similar to that of the (air backwashing → water backwashing) method.
Water, 0.2 to 0.3 m / min + air, 0.8 to 1.0 m / min
[0042]
(3) Pressure filter
About φ2000 × 1600mm (body length) filter, 30m ^Three Treated with / H.
1) The main pipe of the water collecting apparatus was set to 200A, and 60 strainers of the item (1) were installed in 8 branch pipes 65A.
2) As explained before, a hole was made in the branch pipe so that the pipe 4 of FIG. 1 could enter, and the lower end of the lower pipe part 3 was welded and fixed so as to be perpendicular to the branch pipe.
At this time, the lower end of the pipe 4 was placed 45 mm into the branch pipe. Further, a φ4.0 mm air backwash hole was provided at the top of the pipe 4 in the branch pipe, and an air discharge port was provided at a position of 18 shown in FIG.
3) The strainer was fixed with a mortar at a position about 500 mm from the lower body length of the tower up to about 7 mm above L1 in FIG.
4) On top of that, 600 mm of 0.6 mm sand was filled as a filtration layer, and the raw water was treated.
[0043]

All backwashing steps could be carried out without problems in terms of equipment.
Moreover, the effect was also good in (3) and (4), and the blow process after backwashing was shortened.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
By installing the disk-type strainer of the present invention in a collection and distribution device of various filters, clogging due to accumulation of excess substances of turbidity and other fine substances that have been difficult to process in the past has been difficult. Since it can be easily carried out, it is very useful to be installed in a filter for water treatment, general water, seawater treatment or the like.
Furthermore, the disc type strainer of the present invention can be applied to both pressure filters and gravity filters, and has the following effects.
(1) A simple disk-type strainer that allows easy removal, reinsertion and fixation of the integrated structure from the upper part of the strainer. This structure can be used for equipment inspections, periodic inspections, and construction inspections during abnormal conditions. Work efficiency is improved.
(2) The strainer of this structure can achieve uniform dispersion of water and air in a gravity filter and a pressure filter.
{Circle around (3)} The filtration step and each backwashing step can be performed efficiently, and air backwashing and simultaneous backwashing of water and air as well as water backwashing can be performed freely.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a basic structural example of a disk type strainer of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a structural example of a disk constituting the disk type strainer of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows an example of the structure of a presser bolt constituting the disc type strainer of the present invention, wherein (a) is a front view thereof and (b) is a plan view thereof.
FIG. 4 is a partial vertical side view of a pressure filter provided with Example 1 of a conventional vertical strainer.
5 shows a vertical side view of Example 1 of a conventional vertical strainer installed in the pressure filter of FIG.
FIG. 6 shows a partial vertical side view of a gravity filter in which Example-2 of a conventional vertical strainer is installed.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of a disk shape example of a conventional disk strainer.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Superstructure (Strainer body)
2 Screw fixing part (strainer body)
3 Lower piping (Strainer body)
4 Backwash tube
5 Anti-rest
6 Integrated structure
7 Receiving part (integrated structure)
8 Opening (integral structure)
9 Screw fixing part (integrated structure)
11 Disc stacking part
12 Presser bolt
13 Upper cap
14 nuts
15 nuts
16 Air inlet
17 Air outlet
18 Air outlet
19 Swing opening
20 Water inlet / outlet
21 disc hole
22 Center part (disc)
23 passage
24 connecting part
25 outer periphery
26 Teardrop shape part
27 outermost part
28 Filter bed (pressure filter)
29 Vertical strainer
30 nuts
31 Filtrated water storage
32 Vertical slit
33 Piping with male thread
34 Air backwash piping
35 Air inlet
36 Air outlet
37 Hole through which strainer passes
38 Filter bed (gravity filter)
39 sleeve
40 Slit (Semicircle)
41 Piping with male thread
42 Packing
43 Vertical slit protection
44 Air backwash piping
45 Air inlet
46 Air outlet
47 Hole in the center of the disc
48 Center part
49 opening
50 connections
51 outer periphery
52 Teardrop shape part
53 outermost part
L1 Length of embedded part in the filter floor
L2 Length of lower piping part 3
L3 Length of pipe 4 under the filter floor
L4 Upper cap diameter
L5 Presser bolt length (bottom)
L6 Length of disk stack (holding bolt)
L7 Nut 14, 15 equivalent presser bolt length
L8 of disc outer periphery 25 (horizontal length of slit)
S clearance
F Stopper for piping 4

Claims (5)

The strainer body is composed of an upper structure, a screw holding portion having a female screw, and a lower piping portion. In the upper structure, a receiving portion having a female screw for a disc presser bolt, and an opening for inflow and discharge of water and air in the lower portion. From the inner diameter of the lower piping part having an air inlet, air outlet, water inflow, outlet opening, etc. A disk type strainer, wherein a small outer diameter pipe is inserted and fixed inside a screwing portion having the male screw. A disk presser bolt is screwed and fixed to the receiving part of the integrated structure, the disk is passed through the presser bolt through the bolt hole in the center of the disk, and laminated on the strainer stacking part, using a presser cap and a presser bolt nut, 2. The disk type strainer according to claim 1, wherein the disk type strainer is narrowed down and fixed from above. When the strainer is installed in a perforated pipe branch pipe, the lower end of the lower pipe portion of the strainer body is fixed to the branch pipe by welding or the like, and the air inlet and outlet, water inlet and outlet are fixed. 3. The disc type strainer according to claim 1, wherein the pipe having the outlet or the like has a length that allows the pipe to enter the branch pipe. When the strainer is installed on the filter floor plate, the vicinity of the disk stacking part of the strainer body to the lower end of the piping section at the lower part of the body is fixed and installed vertically with a fixing agent. 4. The disc type strainer according to claim 1, wherein the pipe having an outlet, an inflow of water, an opening for discharging, etc. is lengthened to a necessary position under the filter floor plate. . The shape of the hole through which the presser bolt passes at the center of the disk, the portion corresponding to the layer height of the disk stacking part of the presser bolt, and the cross-sectional shape of the presser cap part are formed in a square shape. The disk type strainer according to any one of claims 3 to 4.

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