JP3663628B2 - Laser cladding method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a clad material suitable for forming a clad layer and laser cladding using the same in laser clad processing for forming a clad layer as a wear-resistant layer on a base material by irradiating a laser beam. It is about the method.
[0002]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Since the cross-sectional shape of the wire-shaped clad material used in the above-mentioned laser clad processing is circular or rectangular, a laser is applied to the clad material placed on the base material when performing laser clad processing. When light is irradiated, melting starts gradually from the laser irradiation surface of the clad material, and melts from both sides in the width direction. On the other hand, the amount of heat input is relative at the center in the width direction at the boundary surface with the base material. It may become difficult to melt due to insufficient, and as a result, there is a possibility that a non-uniform molten state.
[0003]
That is, even if a good welding state is obtained at both sides in the width direction of the clad material, there is a possibility that a welding failure may occur at the center in the width direction at the boundary surface with the base material (see FIG. 6). In order to avoid this, if the heat input to this part is increased sufficiently, the base material melts into the clad material on both sides in the width direction, which causes excessive heat input, resulting in dilution of the clad material and insufficient welding power. Defects such as cracks may occur, and the clad layer in which these defects occur is rejected in the inspection process. Therefore, in the past, there has been a problem that it is not easy to form a clad layer having a uniform welding force over the entire boundary surface with the base material. It was an issue.
[0004]
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has been made paying attention to the above-described conventional problems, and a clad material and a laser cladding capable of easily forming a clad layer having a uniform welding force over the entire boundary surface with the base material. It aims to provide a method.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention, a clad material in which the thickness of the central portion in the width direction in the cross-sectional shape is made thinner than the thickness of both side portions in the width direction is placed on the base material, and in this state the clad material and characterized in that the arrangement for irradiating a laser beam for, and the means for solving the conventional problems described above the structure of a laser cladding process this.
[0006]
Laser cladding how involved to claim 2 of the present invention, in a state being placed on the base material, a low pile clad material than the height of the high Sagahaba direction both side portions of the widthwise central portion of the cross section The configuration is used .
[0007]
Laser cladding how involved in claim 3 of the present invention has a structure in which the cross-sectional shape with a clad material that forms a concave shape, is placed on the base material toward the recessed portion of the cladding material upwardly .
[0008]
Laser cladding method according to claim 4 of the present invention, a clad material in which formed shape in accordance with the continuous shape of the cladding was in the base material placed on the cladding on the preform, It has a configuration for irradiating a laser beam to the clad material in this state.
[0009]
[Effects of the Invention]
The laser cladding method that involved in claim 1 of the present invention, when performing laser cladding processing, when placed on the base material is irradiated with a laser beam, starting gradually melted from the laser irradiation surface of the clad material, since the substantially uniformly melted over the width direction in the cross-sectional shape of the clad material, it is also in the width direction central portion as well as both sides of the width direction of the boundary surface between the base material excellent welding state is obtained, therefore, It is not necessary to increase the amount of heat input in order to avoid poor welding at the center in the width direction, and it is possible to avoid the occurrence of defects such as cracks that cause excessive heat input at both sides in the width direction.
[0010]
The laser cladding method that involved to claim 2 and 3 of the present invention, when performing laser cladding processing, when placed on the base material is irradiated with laser light, gradually starts melting from the laser irradiation surface of the clad material but Oite the cross-sectional shape of the clad material, since the height of the widthwise central portion with respect to the base material are lower than the height of the widthwise side portion (in the laser cladding method according to claim 3, clad material Because the cross-sectional shape of this is a concave shape), the amount of heat input required for melting is obtained not only on both sides in the width direction but also in the center in the width direction at the boundary surface with the base material, resulting in a substantially uniform molten state. Therefore, a clad layer having a uniform welding force can be formed on the entire boundary surface with the base material without problems such as insufficient welding force and cracks.
[0011]
In the laser cladding method according to claim 4 of the present invention, the laser beam is irradiated in a state where the clad material formed in accordance with the shape of the continuous cladding portion on the base material is placed directly on the base material. As a result, the system can be simplified and the supply control of the clad material becomes unnecessary, as the clad material supply device that can control the supply timing and supply amount of the clad material is unnecessary. There is no need to synchronize the laser beam irradiation timing with the supply of the clad material, and only the laser output needs to be controlled during the clad processing, and therefore, the cause of the quality variation is greatly reduced.
[0012]
【The invention's effect】
Width The laser cladding method that involved in claim 1 of the present invention, because has a structure described above, when performing laser cladding processing, not only the both side portions in the width direction of the boundary surface between the base material of the clad material Even in the center of the direction, it is possible to achieve a good welding state, and therefore it is possible to form a clad layer having a uniform welding force over the entire boundary surface with the base material without inconveniences such as insufficient welding force and cracks. There is a very good effect.
[0013]
The laser cladding method that involved to claim 2 and 3 of the present invention, since the configuration described above, when performing laser cladding processing is irradiated with laser light at a clad material on a base material, a cladding material becomes substantially uniform molten state throughout at the boundary surface between the base material, and thus, without causing defective such as welding lack or crack, the cladding layer having a uniform welding strength across the interface between the base material This produces a very good effect that it is possible to form
[0014]
In the laser cladding method according to claim 4 of the present invention, since it has the above-described configuration, it is possible to simplify the system and achieve a very excellent effect that it is possible to realize an improvement in quality. Is brought about.
[0015]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0016]
1 to 3 show an embodiment of a laser cladding process that involved in the present invention.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 1, the clad material 1 is intended to form a rod-like made of a copper alloy (Cu-14Ni-3Si-1.5Fe -2Cr-1Al-2V-0.5P), the cross-section of the clad material 1 the height from each boundary surface 4 of the widthwise central portion 2 and the widthwise both side portions 3 definitive in shape Chigae each other was increased in the width direction both side portions 3 than the width direction central portion 2, i.e., the cross-sectional shape The configuration is made concave.
[0018]
In this case, the height from the boundary surface 4 of the width direction central portion 2 is 2a, whereas the height from the boundary surface 4 of the width direction both side portions 3 is 3a, and the width of the width direction central portion 2 is the full width. 2a, which is half of 4a.
[0019]
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the clad material 1 is placed and fixed on a rolled aluminum flat plate 5 as a base material, and the clad material 1 is irradiated with an output of 2.5 kW from a heat source direct diode laser (not shown). By applying a laser beam L of a rectangular beam spot having a side of 1.9 mm, a processing speed of 0.4 to 1.6 m / min. Was scanned in the direction of the arrow shown in At this time, for comparison, laser clad processing was performed on the clad material (10) having a substantially square cross section under the same conditions as described above.
[0020]
The cross-sectional shape of the clad layer C (C10) obtained by this laser clad processing is shown in FIGS. In these FIG. 3 and FIG. 6, the cross-sectional shape of the clad materials 1 and (10) before melting is shown by phantom lines.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 3, in the clad material 1 according to this example, a good welding state is obtained not only in the width direction both side portions 3 on the boundary surface 4 with the aluminum rolled flat plate 5 but also in the width direction center portion 2. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, in the clad material 10 having a substantially square cross section, a good welded state is obtained at both side portions 13 in the width direction. In the center portion 12 in the width direction of the boundary surface 14, poor welding occurs. Therefore, according to the clad material 1 according to this embodiment, the entire boundary surface 4 does not cause problems such as insufficient welding force and cracks. It was proved that the formation of the clad layer C having a uniform welding force can be easily performed.
[0022]
In the above embodiment, it Chigae heights from each boundary surface 4 of the widthwise central portion 2 and the widthwise both side portions 3 definitive cross-sectional shape of the clad material 1 together, a case where the cross-sectional shape and concave shape Although shown, the cross-sectional shape of the clad material may be such that the thickness of the central portion 2 in the width direction is thinner than the thickness of both side portions 3 in the width direction so that the cross-sectional width can be uniformly melted. Like the clad material 1A shown in FIG. 4 (a), the dent in the width direction central portion 2A located between the width direction both side portions 3A is triangular, or like the clad material 1B shown in FIG. 4 (b). Furthermore, the dent of the width direction center part 2B located between the width direction both sides 3B can be made into circular arc shape. Further, the width direction central portions 2, 2 </ b> A, 2 </ b> B in the cross section crossing the continuous clad material 1 do not need to be in contact with the boundary surface 4, and are circular like the clad material 1 </ b> C shown in FIG. The width direction side portions 3C, 3C forming a joint portion, that is, the width direction side portions 3C, 3C located at a portion away from the boundary surface 4 can be the width direction central portion 2C. .
[0023]
Figure 5 shows another embodiment of Relais chromatography The cladding how involved in the present invention, in this embodiment, the laser cladding method according to the present invention the laser cladding processing relative to the valve seat of an engine The case where it is adopted is shown.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 5, the clad material 21 of this embodiment is formed by casting or press molding in accordance with the shape of a ring fitting part (cladding part) 26 formed on a valve seat (base material) 25 by boring. Alternatively, it is formed into a ring shape by sintering, and has the same cross-sectional shape as the clad material 1 in the above-described embodiment. In this laser cladding method, the clad material 21 formed into a ring shape is formed on the valve seat 25. The laser beam L is irradiated in a state of being fitted into the ring fitting portion 26.
[0025]
This laser cladding method eliminates the need for a clad material supply device that can control the supply timing and supply amount of the clad material 21, thereby simplifying the system and eliminating the need for supply control of the clad material 21. In addition, it is not necessary to synchronize the irradiation timing of the laser light L with the supply of the clad material 21, and it is sufficient to control only the laser output during the clad processing. It will be greatly reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a cross-section illustration of an embodiment shown to the cladding material of the laser cladding process that involved in the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory perspective view showing a situation where laser cladding processing is performed using the cladding material in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of a clad layer obtained by laser clad processing using the clad material in FIG.
[4] cross section illustrating an embodiment of shown to clad material other laser cladding how involved in the present invention (a), (b), is (c).
Figure 5 is a perspective explanatory view showing a situation of performing laser cladding processing by laser cladding method according to another real施例of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of a clad layer obtained by laser clad processing using a clad material of a comparative example.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 1A, 1B, 1C, 21 Clad material 2, 2A, 2B, 2C Width direction center part 3, 3A, 3B, 3C Width direction side part 4 Boundary surface 5,25 Aluminum rolled flat plate (base material)
26 Ring fitting part (cladding part)
L Laser light

Claims (4)

A clad material in which the thickness of the central portion in the width direction in the cross-sectional shape is made thinner than the thickness of both sides in the width direction is placed on the base material, and laser light is irradiated to the clad material in this state. laser cladding how to. In the state of mounting on the base material, laser cladding method according to claim 1 using a low pile clad material than the height of the high Sagahaba direction both side portions of the widthwise central portion of the cross-sectional shape. The laser cladding method according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a clad material having a concave cross-sectional shape is used, and the depressed portion of the clad material is placed on the base material facing upward . The according to the shape of a continuous object cladding on the base material formed form the clad material was placed onto the cladding on the preform, to irradiate the laser beam to the clad material in this state Les chromatography the cladding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 that.

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