JP3672383B2 - Concrete water stoppage tool - Google Patents
Concrete water stoppage tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3672383B2 JP3672383B2 JP18431296A JP18431296A JP3672383B2 JP 3672383 B2 JP3672383 B2 JP 3672383B2 JP 18431296 A JP18431296 A JP 18431296A JP 18431296 A JP18431296 A JP 18431296A JP 3672383 B2 JP3672383 B2 JP 3672383B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- concrete
- weight
- acid
- water leakage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、コンクリート養生中のアルカリ条件下で分解するコンクリート用止水用具に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般的に、コンクリート製の建築物は、所定の間隔を介して所望の形状に組み立てられた仮枠の内部にコンクリートを流し込んで打設することにより構築される。
この仮枠のコンクリートを流し込むための間隔は、その内部に所定間隔で設けられた、鉄捧を加工して成る所謂セパレーターによって保持される。
しかし、コンクリートは、養生の過程で脱水沈下及び凝固収縮するので、コンクリートとセパレーターの界面には微小間隙が生ずる場合が多く、このような微小間隙は、コンクリート壁の漏水の原因となり、特に、超深度の地下構造物の場合、このような漏水は致命的な欠陥となるという問題があった。
【0003】
このため、セパレーターの中程にゴムリング、吸水膨張作用を有するゴムパッキン、吸水膨張性ゴムと加硫ゴムの二重構造のパッキン等の止水材を設け、コンクリートとセパレーターの界面に生じる微小間隙を塞ぐようにしたセパレーターが開発された。
しかし、このような止水材付きのセパレーターを用いても、止水材の周囲に連通気泡が発生した場合や、完全に固化する前に脱枠作業を行い、セパレーターが機械的応力によりその位置が大幅に変位させられた場合、止水材の近辺にジャンガーが生じた場合などは、セパレーターの周囲からの漏水を防止することができないという問題があった。
【0004】
また、建造物が大規模な場合は、コンクリートを一度に打設せず、段階的に打設してゆく打継という工法が採用されるが、脱水沈下及び凝固収縮の割合は、段階的に打設された各コンクリートのブロックごとに異なるので、それらの打継部分にも微小間隙が生ずることが多い。
この微小間隙を塞ぐため、コンクリートを打継する際に、高吸水性樹脂を細長く紐状に成形し、それをメッシュ加工した樹脂シートで被覆して成る止水材をその打継部に挟むという方法が採用されている。
しかし、この場合でも、打設したコンクリートの表面の所定位置に上記の止水材を配置した後、打継用のコンクリートを打設する前に、その止水材が雨水等の大量の水に曝されたときには、止水材がゲル化し、コンクリートを打継した際に止水材が寸断され、防水効果を低下させるという問題がある。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従って本発明は、コンクリートとセパレーターの界面や、コンクリートの打継部に生じる微小間隔からの漏水を完全に防水し得るコンクリート用止水剤を樹脂組成物からなるフィルムや容器で被覆したコンクリート用止水用具を提供することを課題とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題の解決は、吸水性化合物から成る止水剤を被覆するフィルムや容器等の合成樹脂に、中性付近の水に対しては安定であり雨水等の水と止水剤との接触を断つ機能と、一旦コンクリートを打設した場合、コンクリートの養生過程中の条件下で分解し得る機能を持ち合わせる、樹脂組成物を開発することで成し得る。
【0010】
すなわち本発明は、以下の[1]に記載した発明である。
〔1〕(A)脂肪族ポリエステル100重量部、並びに、(B)式(1)(化8)で表される構造単位を有する重量平均分子量100〜10,000のポリアルキレングリコール、ポリビニルアルコール及びデンプンからなる群から選択された少なくとも1種1〜100重量部からなる樹脂組成物からなるフィルム又は容器でコンクリート止水剤を被覆してなるコンクリート用止水用具。
【化8】
(式中、R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子又は炭素原子数1〜6の飽和又は不飽和炭化水素基を示し、nは、1〜5の整数を示す)
【0011】
【発明の実施の態様】
本発明に係るコンクリート用止水用具は、高吸水性化合物からなる止水剤を、アルカリ条件下で分解可能な樹脂組成物からなるフィルムを被覆したもの、及び、アルカリ条件下で分解可能な樹脂組成物からなる容器内に、上記の止水剤を気密に充填したものである。
従って、この止水剤を被覆する組成物、及び、止水剤が充填されている容器を構成する樹脂組成物は、コンクリートの内部にあるときに速やかに分解が進行するものでなければならない。
【0012】
一般にコンクリート内部のpHは11〜13であるから、これらの樹脂組成物が分解可能なアルカリ条件下とは、pHが11以上の場合を示す。
従って、このアルカリ条件下で分解可能な樹脂組成物とは、pH7付近の中性の水分では分解し難く、pHが11以上のアルカリ性の水分によって速やかに加水分解が進行する樹脂組成物のことである。
このようなpH11以上のアルカリ条件下で加水分解が進行する樹脂組成物としては、脂肪族ポリエステル等が有効である。
【0013】
本発明の脂肪族ポリエステルとしては、例えば、ポリヒドロキシカルボン酸、脂肪族多価アルコールと脂肪族多塩基酸からなるポリエステル、ポリヒドロキシカルボン酸とポリエステルとの混合物、ヒドロキシカルボン酸や脂肪族多価アルコールと脂肪族多塩基酸の群から選ばれる2種以上のモノマー成分を含むランダム共重合体、及びブロック共重合体等が挙げられる。特にポリ乳酸、ポリ乳酸と他の脂肪族ポリエステルとの混合物、ポリ乳酸と他の脂肪族ポリエステルとのランダム共重合体及びブロック共重合体が好ましい。
【0014】
本発明の脂肪族ポリエステルに用いられるヒドロキシカルボン酸としては、グリコール酸、乳酸、3−ヒドロキシブチリックアシッド、4−ヒドロキシブチリックアシッド、3−ヒトロキシバレリックアシッド、5−ヒドロキシバレリックアシッド、6−ヒドロキシカプロン酸等が挙げられる。
【0015】
本発明の脂肪族ポリエステルに用いられる脂肪族多価アルコールとしては、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、1,3−ブタンジオール、1,4−ブタンジオール、3−メチル−1,5−ペンタンジオール、1,6−へキサンジオール、1,9−ノナンジオール、ネオペンチルグリコール、ポリテトラメチレングリコール、1,4−シクロヘキサンジメタノール、1,4−ベンゼンジメタノール等が挙げられ、脂肪族多塩基酸としては、コハク酸、シュウ酸、マロン酸、グルタル酸、アジピン酸、ビメリン酸、スベリン酸、アゼライン酸、セバシン酸、ウンデカンニ酸、ドデカン二酸、フェニルコハク酸、1,4−フェニレンジ酢酸等が挙げられる。これらは、一種又は二種以上含まれても良い。
【0016】
本発明で用いられる脂肪族ポリエステルの製造方法としては、例えば乳酸を触媒の存在下、非存在下、有機溶媒中で脱水重縮合する直接重合法(特開平6−65360号公報)、乳酸の環状二量体(ラクタイド)を溶融重合する間接重合法(米国特許第2758,987号)、乳酸の環状二量体とε−カプロラクトンの混合物を、触媒の存在下、溶融重合する開環重合法(米国特許第4,057,537号)等があげられるが、その方法に何等制限はない。又、一部多糖類等のような多価アルコール類と共重合させても、ジイソシアネート等の様な結合剤を用い鎖延長しても良い。
【0017】
本発明で使用する脂肪族ポリエステルの分子量は、フィルムや容器に加工できるために実質的に充分な機械物性を示すものであれば特に制限されないが、一般的には、成形加工容易性の観点から重量平均分子量として1〜50万、好ましくは3〜40万,より好ましく5〜30万が良い。重量平均分子量が1万より小さい場合、機械物性が充分でなかったり、逆に分子量が50万を超える場合、取扱い困難となったり、不経済となったりする場合がある。
これらの脂肪族ポリエステルは、コンクリート中のアルカリ条件下で加水分解が進行するが、その速度は本発明の目的を達するに十分なものではない。コンクリート養生中で速やかに加水分解をさせる為には、分解を促進する成分(分解促進剤)を添加する必要がある。
【0018】
分解促進剤としては、デンプン、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、ポリオキシテトラメチレングリコール等の式(1)(化9)で表されるポリアルキレングリコール、ポリアミノ酸等の親水性高分子化合物、無水こはく酸、ポリこはく酸イミド等のアルカリ加水分解性化合物等が挙げられる。特に、脂肪族ポリエステルへの分散性や相溶性、又脂肪族ポリエステルからのブリードアウトのしにくさという点からデンプン、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリアルキレングリコールが好適に用いられ、デンプン、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロビレングリコールがより好ましい。それらは単独で用いることができるが、デンプン及び/又はポリビニルアルコールとポリアルキレングリコールを組み合わせて用いることがより好ましく、より促進された加水分解速度を得ることができる。
【化9】
(式中、R1 及びR2 は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子又は炭素原子数1〜6の飽和又は不飽和炭化水素基を示し、nは、1〜5の整数を示す)
【0019】
脂肪族ポリエステルの分解促進剤として式(1)で表されるポリアルキレングリコールを用いた場合、pH11以上の環境において、脂肪族ポリエステルの分解速度が、ポリアルキレングリコールの分子量により、異なる場合がある。速い分解速度を得るためにポリアルキレングリコールの重量平均分子量は、100〜10000が好ましく、200〜8000がより好ましく、400〜6000がさらに好ましい。100より小さいと、脂肪族ポリエステルからブリードアウトが著しく、逆に10000より大きいと、分解促進効果があまり発現しない場合がある。
これらの分解促進剤は、単独で添加しても、2種類以上を混合して添加してもよく、その添加量は脂肪族ポリエステル100重量部に対し1〜100重量%、好ましくは5〜80重量部、より好ましくは10〜60重量部である。
【0020】
本発明での止水剤を取り囲む分解可能な脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂は、内部の止水剤に水分が到達する程度に分解すればよく、完全に分解する樹脂である必要はない。従って、分解促進剤を添加した脂肪族ポリエステルに、更に汎用の合成樹脂を添加することもできる。
この汎用の合成樹脂としては、脂肪族ポリエステルと相分離を起こさないものであれば何でもよく、例えば、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリスチレン、塩化ビニル、ナイロン等のポリアミド樹脂、ポリエチレンテレフタレート等が挙げられる。
【0021】
これらの合成樹脂は、単独で添加しても、2種類以上を混合して添加してもよく、その添加量は、所定の分解能力を確保するため、分解促進剤を添加した脂肪族ポリエステルと同量又はそれ以下が望ましい。
また、この分解可能な脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂には、強度、柔軟性、耐衝撃性等の物性を向上させるため、必要に応じて通常の汎用合成樹脂に用いられるような可塑剤や湿潤剤等の添加剤を添加することもできる。
【0022】
本発明で使用される可塑剤としては、リン酸エステル類、フタル酸エステル類脂肪族多塩基酸エステル類、多価アルコールエステル類、オキシ酸エステル類、が挙げられる。
リン酸エステル類としては、リン酸トリブチル、リン酸トリ−2−エチルヘキシル、リン酸トリフェニル、リン酸トリクレシル等が挙げられ、フタル酸エステル類としては、フタル酸ジメチル、フタル酸ジエチル、フタル酸ジブチル、フタル酸ジヘプチル、フタル酸ジオクチル、フタル酸ジ−2−エチルヘキシル、フタル酸ジイソノニル、フタル酸オクチルデシル、フタル酸ジイソデシル、フタル酸ブチルベンジル等が挙げられ、脂肪族多塩基酸エステル類としては、オレイン酸ブチル、グリセリンモノオレイン酸エステル、アジピン酸ジブチル、アジピン酸ジ−n−へキシル、アジピン酸ジ−2−エチルヘキシル、アジピン酸アルキル610、アゼライン酸ジ−2ーエチルヘキシル、セバシン酸ジブチル、セバシン酸ジ−2−エチルヘキシル等が挙げられ、多価アルコールエステル類としては、ジエチレングリコールジベンゾエート、トリエチレングリコールジ−2−エチルブチラート、グリセリントリアセテートグリセリントリプロピオネート等が挙げられ、オキシ酸エステル類としては、アセチルリシノール酸メチル、アセチルリシノール酸ブチル、ブチルフタリルブチルグリコレート、アセチレンクエン酸トリブチル等が挙げられる。
【0023】
その他、塩素化パラフィン、ジノニルナフタレン、トルエンスルホンエチルアミド、樟脳、アビエチン酸メチル等が挙げられる。これらは1種又は2種以上の混合物して用いても良い。その使用量は、目的とする柔らかさにもよるが、ポリマーに対して1〜30重量%である。
【0024】
本発明において、脂肪族ポリエステルに柔軟性を付与する目的で、他の比較的軟質なポリマーを添加することもできる。
軟質ポリマーの添加による柔軟性付与の手法は、前記可塑剤添加による方法と比較し、軟質化できることに加え、添加するポリマーの種類や量又は重量平均分子量を適宜選択することによって、実質的にブリードアウトによる経時変化がなく、好ましく用いることができる。
【0026】
本発明の樹脂組成物は、通常の押出機でペレット化した後、通常の成形機及び成形方法でフィルムや容器等に容易に成形加工することができる。容器の成形方法としては、例えば、射出成形、押出ブロー成形、押出延伸、ブロー成形、射出ブロー成形、射出延伸ブロー成形、熱成形等が、フィルムの成形方法としては、例えば、インフレーション成形、Tダイ成形等が挙げられるが、その方法に何等制限はない。
本発明では、ペレット化する際に樹脂の弾性率、引張強度、耐熱性等を向上させる目的で充填剤を添加することもできる。充填剤としては、例えばタルク、珪酸マグネシウム、炭酸カルシウム、アルミニウム粉末、シリカ、カオリナイト等が挙げられる。その添加量は、脂肪族ポリエステル100重量部に対し1〜50重量部、好まし5〜40重量部、より好ましくは10〜30重量部であり、目的とする効果が得られる最適量が適宜選択される。
【0027】
本発明において用いられる止水材用具の形状としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、中央にセパレーターを貫通させ得る孔を有する環状のもの〔商品名ゲルカプセル;シーケー(有)社製〕や、打継部に挟み得る細長い紐状のもの〔商品名ゲルフィットロープ;シーケー(有)社製〕等が挙げられる。
このコンクリート止水材用具に用いられる止水剤としては、水分を吸収して膨潤流動化するものが適しており、例えば、ポリアクリル酸及びその塩類、ポリビニルアルコール系高吸水ポリマー、アクリルニトリル系親水性架橋重合体等の有機物吸水性ポリマー、ベントナイトに代表される粘土質乾燥粉末又は粒状物等の無機質吸収粒状物が挙げられる。これらの止水剤は、単独で用いても、また、複数のものを組み合わせて用いてもよく、その使用量は、使用目的に応じて適宜決定されるものである。
【0028】
本発明において、「成形加工しても実質的にブリードアウトしない機能」とは、成形加工時及び/又は成形加工後にブリードアウトしない機能をいう。「ブリードアウト」は、「ブリード(bleed)」と同じ意味であり、プラスチックの表面にプラスチック材料との相溶性に欠ける成分、例えば着色剤、可塑剤、溶剤などが吹き出てくる現象をいい、これらがまたそれと接触する材料に可塑剤などの拡散浸透などにともなわれて移動することもいう。その詳細については、「高分子辞典(1971年・朝倉書店)」607頁左欄〜右欄に記載がある。
【0029】
【実施例】
実施例中の重量平均分子量(Mw)は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)(カラム温度;40℃、クロロホルム溶媒)により、ポリスチレン標準サンブルとの比較で求めた。
【0030】
合成例1
攪拌機、温度計を備えた500mlの4ツロフラスコに、90%−乳酸104.3gとジフェニルエーテル225.0g、金属錫2.0gを加え、130℃/140mmHgで7時間、系外に生成水を留出させながら加熱攪拌した。これにDean Stark Trapを取り付け、140℃/130mmHgで8時間共沸脱水を行なった後、モレキュラーシーブス3Aを40g充填した乾燥管を取付け、留出した溶媒が乾燥管を通って反応器に戻るようにして、130℃/17mmHgで30時間加熱還流した。反応マスを冷却後、600mlのクロロホルムに溶解し、4lのアセトンに加え再沈後、析出した固体を濾別した。次に濾塊に塩酸5gを溶解したイソプロピルアルコール (以下、IPAという。) 溶液500mlを加え、30分間攪拌し、さらにIPA500mlを加えスラッジ後濾過し、これを3回繰り返し、得られた湿ケーキを60℃/100mmHgで15時間乾燥した。得られた固体は、白色粉末状のポリ乳酸で収量は69.1g、収率は92.2%、重量平均分子量(Mw)29.5万であった。
【0031】
合成例2
攪拌機、温度計を備えた1000mlの4ツロフラスコに、90%−乳酸730.3gと亜鉛粉末5.0gを加え、130℃/50mmHgで3時間、系外に生成水を留出させながら加熱攪拌した後、さらに5mmHgまで減圧した。この時、留出する白色の乳酸の環状二量体であるラクタイドを分取した。得られたラクタイドを酢酸エチルで再結晶し精ラタタイド420.0gを得た。収率は80.0%であった。温度計、攪拌翼、窒素導入管、下部に反応マス取り出し口を備えた500mlの反応釜に、精ラクタイド200g、オタタン酸錫0.02g、ラウリルアルコール0.06gを装入し、窒素気流下、200℃/10mmHgで2時間加熱攪拌した。反応終了後、下部取り出し口からポリ乳酸の溶融物を抜き出し、冷却後ペレタイザーにてカットした。得られたポリ乳酸は、収量164.0g、収率は82.0%、重量平均分子量(Mw)は、13.8万であった。
【0032】
合成例3
乳酸の代わりに1,4−ブタンジオール50.5gとコハク酸66.5gを用いた他は合成例1と同様な方法で行なった結果、白色粉末状のポリブチレンサクシネートを得た。収量は92.2g、収率は95.0%、重量平均分子量(Mw)は12.2万であった。
【0033】
合成例4
合成例2で得られたポリ乳酸 (Mw=13.8万) 300g、合成例3で得られたポリブチレンサクシネート (Mw=12.2万) 200gをリボンブレンダーに装入、よく混合し、ポリ乳酸とポリブチレンサクシネートとの混合物 (乳酸成分は60重量%) を得た。
【0034】
合成例5
合成例1と同様な方法で得られた重量平均分子量(Mw)2.2万のポリ乳酸の反応マス (ポリ乳酸75g、ジフェニルエーテル225.0g) に合成例3で得られた重量平均分子量(Mw)12.2万のポリブチレンサクシネート18.8gを装入し、さらに130℃/17mmHgで20時間反応した他は.合成例1と同様にして行なった結果、ポリ乳酸とポリブチレンサクシネートとのブロックコポリマー (乳酸成分は80重量%) を得た。収量は87.4g、収率は93.2%、重量平均分子量(Mw)は13.5万であった。
【0035】
合成例6
乳酸の代わりに6−ヒドロキシカプロン酸104.0gを用いた他は合成例1と同様な方法で行なった結果、白色粉末状のポリカプロン酸を得た。収量は81.0g、収率は92.2%、重量平均分子量(Mw)は11.1万であった。
【0036】
合成例7
合成例2で得られたポリ乳酸 (Mw=13.8万) 300g、合成例6で得られたポリカプロン酸 (Mw=11.1万) 200gをリボンブレンダーに装入、よく混合し、ポリ乳酸とポリカプロン酸との混合物 (乳酸成分は60重量%) を得た。
【0037】
合成例8
合成例6で得たポリカプロン酸18.8gを、合成例1と同様な方法で得た重量平均分子量(Mw)11.1万のポリ乳酸の反応マス(ポリ乳酸75g、ジフェニルエーテル225.0g)に装入し、さらに130℃/17mmHgで20時間反応した他は、合成例1と同様にして行なった結果、ポリ乳酸とポリカプロン酸とのブロックコポリマー (乳酸成分は80重量%) を得た。収量は86.5g、収率は92.2%、重量平均分子量(Mw)は13.5万であった。
【0038】
実施例1
合成例1で得られたポリ乳酸80重量部とポリビニルアルコール/デンプンのポリマーアロイ[商品名マタービー:日本合成化学(株)社製]20重量部を混合し、二軸の押出機 (36mm) で温度180℃で押出し、ペレタイザーにてペレット化した。このペレットを日精樹脂工業(株)製の射出成形機を用いて、図1に示した容器を得た。
この容器を用い、その内部に止水剤としてベントナイト粒子を充填してコンクリート用止水用具1を製造し、これを長さ250mmのセパレーターに装着した。このコンクリート用止水用具を装着したセパレーターを96本用意した。次に、縦2.2m、横3m、深さ2.6mの内法を有するコンクリート製水槽を製造するための図−2に示す様な仮枠を、その内部に上記のセパレーターを適宜の間隔でセットしながら組み立て、コンクリートを打設した。
6日間の養生期間の経過後に仮枠を外し、直ちにその水槽内に注水を行い、常に2.4mの水深を保つよう注水を継続した。
注水から6時間経過した時点で、8か所のセパレーター取付位置から漏水が認められたが、注水から施工日が経過すると8か所全てからの漏水が停止した。その後、6か月間、定期的に漏水点検を行ったが、漏水は認められなかった。
【0039】
実施例2
合成例2で得られたポリ乳酸80重量部、ポリエチレングリコール(重量平均分子量は2000)20重量部を混合して樹脂組成物を得た他は、実施例1と同様に、止水用具1を製造し、これを用いてコンクリート製水槽を製造し、注水試験を行った。その結果、注水から6時間経過した時点で、8か所のセパレーター取付位置から漏水が認められたが、注水から施工日が経過すると8か所全てからの漏水が停止した。その後、6か月間、定期的に漏水点検を行ったが、漏水は認められなかった。
【0040】
実施例3
合成例1で得られたポリ乳酸70重量部、デンプン20重量部、ポリエチレングリコール(重量平均分子量は2000)10重量部を混合して樹脂組成物を得た他は実施例1と同様に、止水用具1を製造し、これを用いてコンクリート製水槽を製造し、注水試験を行った。その結果、注水から7時間経過した時点で、8か所のセパレーター取付位置から漏水が認められたが、注水から施工日が経過すると8か所全てからの漏水が停止した。その後、6か月間、定期的に漏水点検を行ったが、漏水は認められなかった。
【0041】
実施例4
合成例1で得られたポリ乳酸70重量部とポリビニルアルコール/デンプンのポリマーアロイ[商品名マタービー:日本合成化学(株)社製]20重量部、ポリエチレングリコール(重量平均分子量400が5部、重量平均分子量4000が5部)10部を混合して樹脂組成物を得た他は実施例1と同様に、止水用具1を製造し、これを用いてコンクリート製水槽を製造し、注水試験を行った。その結果、注水から5時間経過した時点で、8か所のセパレーター取付位置から漏水が認められたが、注水から施工日が経過すると8か所全てからの漏水が停止した。その後、6か月間、定期的に漏水点検を行ったが、漏水は認められなかった。
【0042】
実施例5
合成例3で得られたポリブチレンサクシネート70重量部とポリビニルアルコール/デンプンのポリマーアロイ[商品名マタービー:日本合成化学(株)社製]20重量部、ポリエチレングリコール(重量平均分子量は400)10部を混合して樹脂組成物を得た他は実施例1と同様に、止水用具1を製造し、これを用いてコンクリート製水槽を製造し、注水試験を行った。その結果、注水から5時間経過した時点で、8か所のセパレーター取付位置から漏水が認められたが、注水から施工日が経過すると8か所全てからの漏水が停止した。その後、6か月間、定期的に漏水点検を行ったが、漏水は認められなかった。
【0043】
実施例6
合成例4で得られたポリ乳酸/ポリブチレンサクシネートの混合物(重量比6/4)70重量部とポリビニルアルコール/デンプンのポリマーアロイ[商品名マタービー:日本合成化学(株)社製]20重量部、ポリエチレングリコール(重量平均分子量は1000)10部を混合して樹脂組成物を得た他は実施例1と同様に、止水用具1を製造し、これを用いてコンクリート製水槽を製造し、注水試験を行った。その結果、注水から5時間経過した時点で、8か所のセパレーター取付位置から漏水が認められたが、注水から施工日が経過すると8か所全てからの漏水が停止した。その後、6か月間、定期的に漏水点検を行ったが、漏水は認められなかった。
【0044】
実施例7
合成例5で得られたポリ乳酸/ポリブチレンサクシネートのブロックコポリマー(重量比8/2)80重量部とポリビニルアルコール/デンプンのポリマーアロイ[商品名マタービー:日本合成化学(株)社製]10重量部、ポリエチレングリコール(重量平均分子量は2000)10部を混合して樹脂組成物を得た他は実施例1と同様に、止水用具1を製造し、これを用いてコンクリート製水槽を製造し、注水試験を行った。その結果、注水から5時間経過した時点で、8か所のセパレーター取付位置から漏水が認められたが、注水から施工日が経過すると8か所全てからの漏水が停止した。その後、6か月間、定期的に漏水点検を行ったが、漏水は認められなかった。
【0045】
実施例8
合成例6で得られたポリカプロン酸80重量部とポリビニルアルコール/デンプンのポリマーアロイ[商品名マタービー:日本合成化学(株)社製]10重量部、ポリエチレングリコール(重量平均分子量は2000)10部を混合して樹脂組成物を得た他は実施例1と同様に、止水用具1を製造し、これを用いてコンクリート製水槽を製造し、注水試験を行った。その結果、注水から5時間経過した時点で、8か所のセパレーター取付位置から漏水が認められたが、注水から施工日が経過すると8か所全てからの漏水が停止した。その後、6か月間、定期的に漏水点検を行ったが、漏水は認められなかった。
【0046】
実施例9
合成例7で得られたポリ乳酸/ポリカプロン酸の混合物(重量比6/4)70重量部とポリビニルアルコール/デンプンのポリマーアロイ[商品名マタービー:日本合成化学(株)社製]20重量部、ポリエチレングリコール(重量平均分子量は2000)10部を混合して樹脂組成物を得た他は実施例1と同様に、止水用具1を製造し、これを用いてコンクリート製水槽を製造し、注水試験を行った。その結果、注水から5時間経過した時点で、8か所のセパレーター取付位置から漏水が認められたが、注水から施工日が経過すると8か所全てからの漏水が停止した。その後、6か月間、定期的に漏水点検を行ったが、漏水は認められなかった。
【0047】
実施例10
合成例8で得られたポリ乳酸/ポリカプロン酸のブロックコポリマー(重量比8/2)80重量部とポリビニルアルコール/デンプンのポリマーアロイ[商品名マタービー:日本合成化学(株)社製]10重量部、ポリエチレングリコール(重量平均分子量は2000)10部を混合して樹脂組成物を得た他は実施例1と同様に、止水用具1を製造し、これを用いてコンクリート製水槽を製造し、注水試験を行った。その結果、注水から5時間経過した時点で、8か所のセパレーター取付位置から漏水が認められたが、注水から施工日が経過すると8か所全てからの漏水が停止した。その後、6か月間、定期的に漏水点検を行ったが、漏水は認められなかった。
【0048】
比較例1
実施例1で使用したコンクリート用止水用具と同じ形状のゴムリングを装着したセパレーターを用い、実施例1と同様にコンクリート製水槽を製造し、注水試験を行った。注水から6時間経過後、数箇所のセパレーター取付位置から漏水が認められ、丸1日経過すると漏水箇所は増加し、漏水はひどくなり、止水効果は認められなかった。
【0049】
比較例2
合成例1で得られたポリ乳酸を用い、分解促進剤を用いないで実施例1と同様にコンクリート製水槽を製造し、注水試験を行った。注水から6時間経過後、数箇所のセパレーター取付位置から漏水が認められ、丸1日経過すると漏水箇所は増加し、漏水はひどくなり、止水効果は認められなかった。
【0050】
比較例3
合成例3で得られたポリブチレンサクシネートを用い、分解促進剤を用いないで実施例1と同様に止水用具1を製造し、これを用いてコンクリート製水槽を製造し、注水試験を行った。注水から6時間経過後、数箇所のセパレーター取付位置から漏水が認められ、丸1日経過すると漏水箇所は増加し、漏水はひどくなり、止水効果は認められなかった。
【0051】
比較例4
合成例6で得られたポリカプロン酸を用い、分解促進剤を用いないで実施例1と同様に止水用具1を製造し、これを用いてコンクリート製水槽を製造し、注水試験を行った。注水から6時間経過後、数箇所のセパレーター取付位置から漏水が認められ、丸1日経過すると漏水箇所は増加し、漏水はひどくなり、止水効果は認められなかった。
【0052】
比較例5
合成例1で得られたポリ乳酸80重量部とポリエチレングリコール(重量平均分子量は20000)20部を混合し、樹脂組成物を製造した他は実施例1と同様に止水用具1を製造し、これを用いてコンクリート製水槽を製造し、注水試験を行った。注水から6時間経過後、数箇所のセパレーター取付位置から漏水が認められ、丸1日経過すると漏水箇所は増加し、漏水はひどくなり、止水効果は認められなかった。
【0053】
実施例11
実施例1で容器を製造するのに使用した樹脂組成物で細長い袋状の被覆を製造し、その内部に実施例1で使用した止水剤を充愼して図3に示したコンクリート用止水用具2を製造した。次に、最終的に実施例1で製造したものと同様の大きさとなる水槽の下半分のコンクリートを打設した。このとき、打継部となる上縁は、図4に示したような段違いを形成するようにした。この下半分のコンクリートが固化したら、上記のコンクリート止水用具2を図4に示したように配置し、その上縁に向けて50mm/hの人工雨を30分に渡って降らせた後、半日放置してから、残りの上半分のコンクリートの打継を行い、水槽を完成させた。
6日間の養生期間の経過後、直ちにその水槽内に注水を行い、常に2.4mの水深を保つよう注水を継続した。注水から6時間経過した時点で、その打継部からは漏水が認められたが、注水から丸1日が経過すると漏水は停止し、その水槽の外壁面は乾燥した。その後、6か月間、定期的に漏水点検を行ったが、漏水は認められなかった。
【0054】
実施例12
合成例2で得られたポリ乳酸70重量部とポリビニルアルコール/デンプンのポリマーアロイ[商品名マタービー:日本合成化学(株)社製]20重量部、ポリエチレングリコール(重量平均分子量は2000)10部を混合し、樹脂組成物を製造した他は、実施例11と同様に止水用具2を製造し、これを用いてコンクリート製水槽を製造し、注水試験を行った。その結果、注水から6時間経過した時点で、その打継部からは漏水が認められたが、注水から丸1日が経過すると漏水は停止し、その水槽の外壁面は乾燥した。その後、6か月間、定期的に漏水点検を行ったが、漏水は認められなかった。
【0055】
比較例6
コンクリート用止水用具2に変えて、ビニロンメッシェの袋中にベンナイト粒子を詰めた市販の止水用具 (商品名ゲルフィットロープ;(有)シーケー社製) を用い、実施例11と同様にコンクリート製水槽を製造した。人工降雨によりコンクリートの打継を行う前にメッシュ内の止水剤が膨潤流動化してしまった。
【0056】
【発明の効果】
本発明に係る樹脂組成物は、コンクリート中の遊離水分で容易に加水分解する物であり、その結果止水剤が水と接触膨潤することでコンクリートとセパレーターの界面や、コンクリートの打継部に生じる微小間隙を完全に閉塞して漏水を防止する止水用具を提供可能にしたものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係わるコンクリート用止水用具1の斜視図である。
【図2】図1に示したコンクリート用止水用具1をセパレーターに装着した状態を示す斜視図である。
【図3】本発明に係わるコンクリート用止水用具2の部分破断平面図である。
【図4】図3に示したコンクリート用止水用具2の取付状態を示す縦断面図である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention decomposes under alkaline conditions during concrete curing.The present invention relates to a water stop tool for concrete.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, a concrete building is constructed by pouring concrete into a temporary frame assembled into a desired shape through a predetermined interval and placing it.
The space for pouring the concrete of the temporary frame is held by a so-called separator that is formed by machining iron deeds provided at predetermined intervals inside the temporary frame.
However, since concrete dehydrates, settles and shrinks during the curing process, there are many micro gaps at the interface between the concrete and the separator, and such micro gaps cause water leakage in the concrete wall. In the case of deep underground structures, there was a problem that such water leakage was a fatal defect.
[0003]
For this reason, a water-stopping material such as a rubber ring, a rubber packing having a water-absorbing expansion function, a double-layer packing of a water-absorbing expandable rubber and a vulcanized rubber is provided in the middle of the separator, and a minute gap generated at the interface between the concrete and the separator. A separator has been developed to block the gap.
However, even if such a separator with a water-stopping material is used, if open air bubbles are generated around the water-stopping material, or if the separator is removed before it is completely solidified, the separator is moved to its position due to mechanical stress. In the case where the water is greatly displaced, or when a janger is formed in the vicinity of the water-stopping material, there is a problem that water leakage from around the separator cannot be prevented.
[0004]
In addition, when the building is large-scale, a construction method is adopted in which concrete is not cast at a time, but is cast in stages, but the rate of dehydration and solidification shrinkage is increased in stages. Since it is different for each concrete block that has been placed, there are many cases in which a minute gap also occurs in the joint portion.
In order to close this minute gap, when concrete is handed over, a highly water-absorbent resin is formed into an elongated string shape, and a water-stopping material formed by covering it with a meshed resin sheet is sandwiched between the joint parts. The method is adopted.
However, even in this case, after placing the above water-stopping material at a predetermined position on the surface of the placed concrete, the water-stopping material is poured into a large amount of water such as rain water before placing the concrete for casting. When exposed to water, the water-stopping material gels, and when the concrete is cast, the water-stopping material is cut off, and the waterproof effect is lowered.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Accordingly, the present invention provides a waterproofing agent for concrete capable of completely waterproofing water leakage from a minute interval generated at an interface between concrete and a separator or a joint portion of concrete.A water stop tool for concrete covered with a film or container made of a resin compositionThe issue is to provide.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The solution to the above problem is that a synthetic resin such as a film or container covering a water-stopping compound made of a water-absorbing compound is stable against water near neutrality, and the water and the water-stopping agent are in contact with rainwater. It can be achieved by developing a resin composition that has the function of breaking and once decomposed, the ability to decompose under conditions of the concrete curing process.
[0010]
That is, the present invention is the invention described in [1] below.
[1] (A) 100 parts by weight of an aliphatic polyester, and (B) a polyalkylene glycol having a structural unit represented by the formula (1) (Chemical Formula 8) having a weight average molecular weight of 100 to 10,000, polyvinyl alcohol, and A resin composition comprising 1 to 100 parts by weight of at least one selected from the group consisting of starches.Film or containerCover with waterConcrete water stop tool.
[Chemical 8]
(Wherein R1And R2Each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of 1 to 5)
[0011]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The concrete according to the present inventionStopIn the water tool, a water-stopper composed of a superabsorbent compound is coated with a film composed of a resin composition decomposable under alkaline conditions, and a container composed of a resin composition decomposable under alkaline conditions. The above water-stopping agent is hermetically filled.
Therefore, the composition for covering the water-stopping agent and the resin composition constituting the container filled with the water-stopping agent must be rapidly decomposed when inside the concrete.
[0012]
Generally, since the pH inside concrete is 11 to 13, the alkaline condition under which these resin compositions can be decomposed indicates a case where the pH is 11 or more.
Therefore, the resin composition decomposable under alkaline conditions is a resin composition that is not easily decomposed by neutral moisture near pH 7, and that is rapidly hydrolyzed by alkaline moisture having a pH of 11 or more. is there.
As such a resin composition that undergoes hydrolysis under alkaline conditions of pH 11 or higher, aliphatic polyesters and the like are effective.
[0013]
Examples of the aliphatic polyester of the present invention include polyhydroxycarboxylic acid, polyester comprising an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol and an aliphatic polybasic acid, a mixture of polyhydroxycarboxylic acid and polyester, hydroxycarboxylic acid and aliphatic polyhydric alcohol. And a random copolymer containing two or more monomer components selected from the group of aliphatic polybasic acids, block copolymers, and the like. In particular, polylactic acid, a mixture of polylactic acid and another aliphatic polyester, a random copolymer and a block copolymer of polylactic acid and another aliphatic polyester are preferable.
[0014]
Examples of the hydroxycarboxylic acid used in the aliphatic polyester of the present invention include glycolic acid, lactic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, 4-hydroxybutyric acid, 3-humanoxyvaleric acid, 5-hydroxyvaleric acid, 6 -Hydroxycaproic acid and the like.
[0015]
Examples of the aliphatic polyhydric alcohol used in the aliphatic polyester of the present invention include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, neopentyl glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,4-benzenedimethanol Aliphatic polybasic acids include succinic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, vimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecanoic acid, dodecanedioic acid, phenylsuccinic acid 1,4-phenylene Acetate. These may be contained alone or in combination of two or more.
[0016]
Examples of the method for producing the aliphatic polyester used in the present invention include a direct polymerization method in which dehydration polycondensation is carried out in an organic solvent in the presence or absence of a catalyst (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-65360), cyclic lactic acid. An indirect polymerization method in which a dimer (lactide) is melt-polymerized (US Pat. No. 2,758,987), and a ring-opening polymerization method in which a mixture of a cyclic dimer of lactic acid and ε-caprolactone is melt-polymerized in the presence of a catalyst ( U.S. Pat. No. 4,057,537) is not limited. Further, it may be partially copolymerized with polyhydric alcohols such as polysaccharides, or chain extended using a binder such as diisocyanate.
[0017]
The molecular weight of the aliphatic polyester used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it exhibits substantially sufficient mechanical properties so that it can be processed into a film or a container, but in general, from the viewpoint of easy molding processing. The weight average molecular weight is 1 to 500,000, preferably 3 to 400,000, more preferably 5 to 300,000. If the weight average molecular weight is less than 10,000, mechanical properties may not be sufficient, and conversely if the molecular weight exceeds 500,000, handling may be difficult or uneconomical.
These aliphatic polyesters undergo hydrolysis under alkaline conditions in concrete, but the rate is not sufficient to achieve the object of the present invention. In order to rapidly hydrolyze during concrete curing, it is necessary to add a component (degradation accelerator) that promotes decomposition.
[0018]
Examples of the degradation accelerator include hydrophilic polymers such as starch, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyoxytetramethylene glycol, polyalkylene glycol represented by the formula (1) (chemical formula 9) and polyamino acid, Examples include alkali hydrolyzable compounds such as succinic anhydride and polysuccinimide. In particular, starch, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyalkylene glycol are preferably used in terms of dispersibility and compatibility with aliphatic polyester, and difficulty in bleeding out from aliphatic polyester. Starch, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, Polypropylene glycol is more preferred. Although they can be used alone, it is more preferable to use a combination of starch and / or polyvinyl alcohol and polyalkylene glycol, and a more accelerated hydrolysis rate can be obtained.
[Chemical 9]
(Wherein R1And R2Each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of 1 to 5)
[0019]
When the polyalkylene glycol represented by the formula (1) is used as an aliphatic polyester degradation accelerator, the degradation rate of the aliphatic polyester may vary depending on the molecular weight of the polyalkylene glycol in an environment of pH 11 or higher. In order to obtain a fast decomposition rate, the weight average molecular weight of the polyalkylene glycol is preferably from 100 to 10,000, more preferably from 200 to 8000, and further preferably from 400 to 6000. If it is less than 100, the bleed out from the aliphatic polyester is remarkably increased.
These decomposition accelerators may be added singly or as a mixture of two or more, and the addition amount is 1 to 100% by weight, preferably 5 to 80%, based on 100 parts by weight of the aliphatic polyester. Part by weight, more preferably 10 to 60 parts by weight.
[0020]
The decomposable aliphatic polyester resin surrounding the water-stopping agent in the present invention may be decomposed to such an extent that moisture reaches the internal water-stopping agent, and need not be a resin that completely decomposes. Therefore, a general-purpose synthetic resin can be further added to the aliphatic polyester to which the decomposition accelerator is added.
The general-purpose synthetic resin may be anything as long as it does not cause phase separation with the aliphatic polyester, and examples thereof include polyamide resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, vinyl chloride, and nylon, and polyethylene terephthalate.
[0021]
These synthetic resins may be added singly or as a mixture of two or more, and the amount added is an aliphatic polyester to which a decomposition accelerator is added in order to ensure a predetermined decomposition ability. The same amount or less is desirable.
In addition, the degradable aliphatic polyester resin has an improved physical property such as strength, flexibility, impact resistance, etc., so that a plasticizer, a wetting agent and the like used in a general-purpose synthetic resin are used as necessary. Additives can also be added.
[0022]
Examples of the plasticizer used in the present invention include phosphate esters, phthalate esters, aliphatic polybasic acid esters, polyhydric alcohol esters, and oxyacid esters.
Examples of phosphate esters include tributyl phosphate, tri-2-ethylhexyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, and tricresyl phosphate. Examples of phthalate esters include dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, and dibutyl phthalate. , Diheptyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, diisononyl phthalate, octyl decyl phthalate, diisodecyl phthalate, butyl benzyl phthalate, and the like. Acid butyl, glycerol monooleate, dibutyl adipate, di-n-hexyl adipate, di-2-ethylhexyl adipate, alkyl adipate 610, di-2-ethylhexyl azelate, dibutyl sebacate, dibutyl sebacate -2-ethylhexyl Examples of the polyhydric alcohol esters include diethylene glycol dibenzoate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, glycerin triacetate glycerin tripropionate, and the oxyacid esters include methyl acetylricinoleate. Butyl acetyl ricinoleate, butyl phthalyl butyl glycolate, tributyl acetylene citrate and the like.
[0023]
Other examples include chlorinated paraffin, dinonylnaphthalene, toluenesulfone ethylamide, camphor, and methyl abietic acid. These may be used alone or as a mixture of two or more. The amount used depends on the intended softness, but is 1 to 30% by weight based on the polymer.
[0024]
In the present invention, other relatively soft polymers may be added for the purpose of imparting flexibility to the aliphatic polyester.
The method of imparting flexibility by adding a soft polymer is substantially bleed by appropriately selecting the type and amount of the polymer to be added or the weight average molecular weight, in addition to being able to soften as compared with the method by adding a plasticizer. There is no change over time due to out, and it can be preferably used.
[0026]
The resin composition of the present invention can be easily formed into a film, a container, or the like by a normal molding machine and molding method after being pelletized by a normal extruder. Examples of the container forming method include injection molding, extrusion blow molding, extrusion stretching, blow molding, injection blow molding, injection stretch blow molding, and thermoforming. Examples of film forming methods include inflation molding and T-die. Examples of the method include molding, but there is no limitation on the method.
In the present invention, a filler can be added for the purpose of improving the elastic modulus, tensile strength, heat resistance and the like of the resin when pelletized. Examples of the filler include talc, magnesium silicate, calcium carbonate, aluminum powder, silica, and kaolinite. The addition amount is 1 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 40 parts by weight, more preferably 10 to 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the aliphatic polyester, and the optimum amount for obtaining the desired effect is appropriately selected. Is done.
[0027]
The shape of the water-stopping material tool used in the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, a ring-shaped one having a hole through which a separator can penetrate in the center (trade name Gel Capsule; manufactured by KK Corporation), A long and slender string-like thing that can be sandwiched between the joints (trade name Gel Fit Rope; manufactured by KK Corporation) and the like.
As the water-stopping agent used in this concrete water-stopping material tool, those which absorb water and swell and fluidize are suitable. For example, polyacrylic acid and its salts, polyvinyl alcohol-based superabsorbent polymer, acrylonitrile-based hydrophilic Organic water-absorbing polymers such as water-soluble crosslinked polymers, and inorganic absorbent particles such as clay dry powders or granules represented by bentonite. These water-stopping agents may be used alone or in combination, and the amount used is appropriately determined according to the purpose of use.
[0028]
In the present invention, “a function that does not substantially bleed out even when being molded” refers to a function that does not bleed out during and / or after molding. “Bleed-out” has the same meaning as “bleed”, and refers to a phenomenon in which a component lacking compatibility with a plastic material, such as a colorant, a plasticizer, or a solvent, blows out on the surface of the plastic. It is also said that the material moves along with the diffusion and penetration of a plasticizer or the like to the material in contact therewith. The details are described in “Polymer Dictionary (1971, Asakura Shoten)” on page 607, left column to right column.
[0029]
【Example】
The weight average molecular weight (Mw) in the Examples was determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) (column temperature; 40 ° C., chloroform solvent) in comparison with a polystyrene standard sample.
[0030]
Synthesis example 1
90% -lactic acid (104.3 g), diphenyl ether (225.0 g) and metal tin (2.0 g) were added to a 500 ml 4-throttle flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and the produced water was distilled outside the system at 130 ° C./140 mmHg for 7 hours. The mixture was stirred while heating. A Dean Stark Trap was attached to this, and after azeotropic dehydration at 140 ° C./130 mmHg for 8 hours, a drying tube filled with 40 g of Molecular Sieves 3A was attached, and the distilled solvent returned to the reactor through the drying tube. The mixture was heated to reflux at 130 ° C./17 mmHg for 30 hours. The reaction mass was cooled, dissolved in 600 ml of chloroform, added to 4 l of acetone and reprecipitated, and the precipitated solid was filtered off. Next, 500 ml of an isopropyl alcohol (hereinafter referred to as IPA) solution in which 5 g of hydrochloric acid is dissolved in the filter cake is added, stirred for 30 minutes, further added with 500 ml of IPA, filtered after sludge, and this is repeated three times. It dried at 60 degreeC / 100mmHg for 15 hours. The obtained solid was white powdery polylactic acid, and the yield was 69.1 g, the yield was 92.2%, and the weight average molecular weight (Mw) was 295,000.
[0031]
Synthesis example 2
To a 1000 ml 4-throttle flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, 730.3 g of 90% -lactic acid and 5.0 g of zinc powder were added, and stirred at 130 ° C./50 mmHg for 3 hours while distilling the produced water out of the system. Thereafter, the pressure was further reduced to 5 mmHg. At this time, lactide, a cyclic dimer of white lactic acid, was distilled off. The obtained lactide was recrystallized with ethyl acetate to obtain 420.0 g of fine ratataide. The yield was 80.0%. A 500 ml reaction kettle equipped with a thermometer, stirring blade, nitrogen inlet tube, and reaction mass outlet at the bottom was charged with 200 g of fine lactide, 0.02 g of tin oxalate, and 0.06 g of lauryl alcohol. The mixture was heated and stirred at 200 ° C./10 mmHg for 2 hours. After completion of the reaction, the polylactic acid melt was extracted from the lower outlet, cooled, and cut with a pelletizer. The obtained polylactic acid had a yield of 164.0 g, a yield of 82.0%, and a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 138,000.
[0032]
Synthesis example 3
A white powdery polybutylene succinate was obtained as a result of the same method as in Synthesis Example 1 except that 50.5 g of 1,4-butanediol and 66.5 g of succinic acid were used instead of lactic acid. The yield was 92.2 g, the yield was 95.0%, and the weight average molecular weight (Mw) was 122,000.
[0033]
Synthesis example 4
Charge 300 g of polylactic acid (Mw = 13.8 million) obtained in Synthesis Example 2 and 200 g of polybutylene succinate (Mw = 12,000) obtained in Synthesis Example 3 into a ribbon blender and mix well. A mixture of polylactic acid and polybutylene succinate (lactic acid component 60% by weight) was obtained.
[0034]
Synthesis example 5
A weight average molecular weight (Mw) obtained in Synthesis Example 3 was added to a reaction mass of polylactic acid having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 22,000 obtained in the same manner as in Synthesis Example 1 (75 g of polylactic acid, 225.0 g of diphenyl ether). Except that 18.8 g of 122,000 polybutylene succinate was charged and reacted at 130 ° C./17 mmHg for 20 hours. As a result of carrying out in the same manner as in Synthesis Example 1, a block copolymer of polylactic acid and polybutylene succinate (lactic acid component was 80% by weight) was obtained. The yield was 87.4 g, the yield was 93.2%, and the weight average molecular weight (Mw) was 135,000.
[0035]
Synthesis Example 6
A white powdery polycaproic acid was obtained as a result of the same procedure as in Synthesis Example 1 except that 104.0 g of 6-hydroxycaproic acid was used instead of lactic acid. The yield was 81.0 g, the yield was 92.2%, and the weight average molecular weight (Mw) was 111,000.
[0036]
Synthesis example 7
Charge 300 g of polylactic acid obtained in Synthesis Example 2 (Mw = 13.8 million) and 200 g of polycaproic acid obtained in Synthesis Example 6 (Mw = 111,000) into a ribbon blender and mix well. And a mixture of polycaproic acid (lactic acid component was 60% by weight).
[0037]
Synthesis Example 8
18.8 g of polycaproic acid obtained in Synthesis Example 6 was added to a reaction mass of polylactic acid having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 111,000 obtained by the same method as in Synthesis Example 1 (75 g of polylactic acid, 225.0 g of diphenyl ether). A block copolymer of polylactic acid and polycaproic acid (lactic acid component was 80% by weight) was obtained in the same manner as in Synthesis Example 1 except that the mixture was further charged and reacted at 130 ° C./17 mmHg for 20 hours. The yield was 86.5 g, the yield was 92.2%, and the weight average molecular weight (Mw) was 135,000.
[0038]
Example 1
80 parts by weight of the polylactic acid obtained in Synthesis Example 1 and 20 parts by weight of a polymer alloy of polyvinyl alcohol / starch [trade name Materby: manufactured by Nippon Gosei Kagaku Co., Ltd.] were mixed, and a biaxial extruder (36 mm) was used. Extrusion was performed at a temperature of 180 ° C., and pelletized with a pelletizer. The pellet shown in FIG. 1 was obtained using an injection molding machine manufactured by Nissei Plastic Industry Co., Ltd.
Using this container, bentonite particles were filled as a water-stopping agent to produce a water-stopping tool 1 for concrete, which was attached to a separator having a length of 250 mm. 96 separators equipped with the concrete water stop tool were prepared. Next, a temporary frame as shown in FIG. 2 for producing a concrete water tank having an internal method of 2.2 m in length, 3 m in width, and 2.6 m in depth, and the above-mentioned separators are arranged at appropriate intervals in the inside. Assemble and set concrete.
After the 6-day curing period, the temporary frame was removed, and water was immediately poured into the water tank, and water injection was continued to maintain a water depth of 2.4 m at all times.
When 6 hours had passed since water injection, water leakage was observed from 8 separator mounting positions, but when 8 days had passed since water injection, water leakage from all 8 sites stopped. Thereafter, the water leakage was regularly checked for 6 months, but no water leakage was observed.
[0039]
Example 2
In the same manner as in Example 1 except that 80 parts by weight of polylactic acid obtained in Synthesis Example 2 and 20 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol (having a weight average molecular weight of 2000) were mixed to obtain a resin composition, The concrete water tank was manufactured using this, and the water injection test was done. As a result, when 6 hours passed from the water injection, water leakage was observed from 8 separator mounting positions, but when the construction date passed from the water injection, water leakage from all 8 sites stopped. Thereafter, the water leakage was regularly checked for 6 months, but no water leakage was observed.
[0040]
Example 3
In the same manner as in Example 1, except that 70 parts by weight of polylactic acid obtained in Synthesis Example 1, 20 parts by weight of starch, and 10 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol (weight average molecular weight is 2000) were mixed to obtain a resin composition. The water tool 1 was manufactured, the concrete water tank was manufactured using this, and the water injection test was done. As a result, when 7 hours passed from the water injection, water leakage was observed from the 8 separator mounting positions, but when the construction date passed from the water injection, water leakage from all 8 sites stopped. Thereafter, the water leakage was regularly checked for 6 months, but no water leakage was observed.
[0041]
Example 4
70 parts by weight of polylactic acid obtained in Synthesis Example 1 and a polymer alloy of polyvinyl alcohol / starch [trade name Matterby: manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd.], polyethylene glycol (weight average molecular weight 400 is 5 parts, weight) Except that the resin composition was obtained by mixing 10 parts with an average molecular weight of 4000 parts), a water-stopping tool 1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, a concrete water tank was produced using this, and a water injection test was conducted. went. As a result, when 5 hours passed from the water injection, water leakage was observed from the 8 separator mounting positions, but when the construction date passed from the water injection, water leakage from all 8 sites stopped. Thereafter, the water leakage was regularly checked for 6 months, but no water leakage was observed.
[0042]
Example 5
70 parts by weight of polybutylene succinate obtained in Synthesis Example 3 and 20 parts by weight of a polymer alloy of polyvinyl alcohol / starch [trade name Materby: manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd.], polyethylene glycol (weight average molecular weight is 400) 10 A water stop tool 1 was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the resin composition was obtained by mixing the parts, a concrete water tank was manufactured using this, and a water injection test was performed. As a result, when 5 hours passed from the water injection, water leakage was observed from the 8 separator mounting positions, but when the construction date passed from the water injection, water leakage from all 8 sites stopped. Thereafter, the water leakage was regularly checked for 6 months, but no water leakage was observed.
[0043]
Example 6
70 parts by weight of a mixture of polylactic acid / polybutylene succinate obtained in Synthesis Example 4 (weight ratio 6/4) and a polymer alloy of polyvinyl alcohol / starch [trade name Materby: manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd.] 20 weights Parts and polyethylene glycol (weight average molecular weight is 1000) were mixed to produce a resin composition in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a resin composition was obtained, and a concrete water tank was produced using this. A water injection test was conducted. As a result, when 5 hours passed from the water injection, water leakage was observed from the 8 separator mounting positions, but when the construction date passed from the water injection, water leakage from all 8 sites stopped. Thereafter, the water leakage was regularly checked for 6 months, but no water leakage was observed.
[0044]
Example 7
80 parts by weight of a polylactic acid / polybutylene succinate block copolymer (weight ratio: 8/2) obtained in Synthesis Example 5 and a polymer alloy of polyvinyl alcohol / starch [trade name Materby: manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd.] 10 The water stop tool 1 is manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 10 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol (weight average molecular weight is 2000) is mixed to obtain a resin composition, and a concrete water tank is manufactured using this. The water injection test was conducted. As a result, when 5 hours passed from the water injection, water leakage was observed from the 8 separator mounting positions, but when the construction date passed from the water injection, water leakage from all 8 sites stopped. Thereafter, the water leakage was regularly checked for 6 months, but no water leakage was observed.
[0045]
Example 8
80 parts by weight of polycaproic acid obtained in Synthesis Example 6 and 10 parts by weight of a polymer alloy of polyvinyl alcohol / starch [trade name Materby: manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd.], 10 parts of polyethylene glycol (weight average molecular weight is 2000) A water stop tool 1 was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the resin composition was obtained by mixing, and a concrete water tank was manufactured using the water stop tool 1, and a water injection test was performed. As a result, when 5 hours passed from the water injection, water leakage was observed from the 8 separator mounting positions, but when the construction date passed from the water injection, water leakage from all 8 sites stopped. Thereafter, the water leakage was regularly checked for 6 months, but no water leakage was observed.
[0046]
Example 9
70 parts by weight of the polylactic acid / polycaproic acid mixture (weight ratio 6/4) obtained in Synthesis Example 7 and 20 parts by weight of a polymer alloy of polyvinyl alcohol / starch [trade name Materby: manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd.] A water stop tool 1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 10 parts of polyethylene glycol (weight average molecular weight: 2000) was mixed to obtain a resin composition. A test was conducted. As a result, when 5 hours passed from the water injection, water leakage was observed from the 8 separator mounting positions, but when the construction date passed from the water injection, water leakage from all 8 sites stopped. Thereafter, the water leakage was regularly checked for 6 months, but no water leakage was observed.
[0047]
Example 10
80 parts by weight of a polylactic acid / polycaproic acid block copolymer (weight ratio 8/2) obtained in Synthesis Example 8 and a polymer alloy of polyvinyl alcohol / starch [trade name Materby: manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd.] 10 parts by weight In addition to producing a resin composition by mixing 10 parts of polyethylene glycol (weight average molecular weight of 2000), a water-stopping tool 1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 to produce a concrete water tank, A water injection test was conducted. As a result, when 5 hours passed from the water injection, water leakage was observed from the 8 separator mounting positions, but when the construction date passed from the water injection, water leakage from all 8 sites stopped. Thereafter, the water leakage was regularly checked for 6 months, but no water leakage was observed.
[0048]
Comparative Example 1
Using a separator equipped with a rubber ring having the same shape as the concrete water-stopping tool used in Example 1, a concrete water tank was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, and a water injection test was performed. Six hours after the water injection, water leakage was observed from several separator mounting positions. After one full day, the number of water leakage increased, the water leakage became severe, and no water stop effect was observed.
[0049]
Comparative Example 2
Using the polylactic acid obtained in Synthesis Example 1, a concrete water tank was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 without using a decomposition accelerator, and a water injection test was performed. Six hours after water injection, water leakage was observed at several separator mounting positions. After one full day, the number of water leakage increased, water leakage became severe, and no water stop effect was observed.
[0050]
Comparative Example 3
Using the polybutylene succinate obtained in Synthesis Example 3, a water-stopping device 1 is manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 without using a decomposition accelerator, and a concrete water tank is manufactured using this, and a water injection test is performed. It was. Six hours after water injection, water leakage was observed at several separator mounting positions. After one full day, the number of water leakage increased, water leakage became severe, and no water stop effect was observed.
[0051]
Comparative Example 4
Using the polycaproic acid obtained in Synthesis Example 6 and without using a decomposition accelerator, the water-stopping tool 1 was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, and a concrete water tank was manufactured using this, and a water injection test was performed. Six hours after water injection, water leakage was observed at several separator mounting positions. After one full day, the number of water leakage increased, water leakage became severe, and no water stop effect was observed.
[0052]
Comparative Example 5
80 parts by weight of polylactic acid obtained in Synthesis Example 1 and 20 parts of polyethylene glycol (with a weight average molecular weight of 20000) were mixed to produce a resin composition. The concrete water tank was manufactured using this, and the water injection test was done. Six hours after water injection, water leakage was observed at several separator mounting positions. After one full day, the number of water leakage increased, water leakage became severe, and no water stop effect was observed.
[0053]
Example 11
An elongate bag-like coating is manufactured with the resin composition used for manufacturing the container in Example 1, and the water-stopping agent used in Example 1 is filled in the interior, and the concrete stopper shown in FIG. A water tool 2 was produced. Next, concrete in the lower half of the water tank having the same size as that finally produced in Example 1 was placed. At this time, the upper edge serving as the joining portion was formed to have a level difference as shown in FIG. When the concrete in the lower half is solidified, the concrete water stop tool 2 is arranged as shown in FIG. 4, and 50 mm / h of artificial rain is applied to the upper edge for 30 minutes, and then half a day. After leaving it, the remaining upper half of the concrete was handed over to complete the aquarium.
Immediately after the aging period of 6 days, water was poured into the water tank, and the water injection was continued so as to always maintain a depth of 2.4 m. When 6 hours had passed since the water injection, water leakage was observed from the joint, but when a full day had passed since the water injection, the water leakage stopped, and the outer wall surface of the tank was dry. Thereafter, the water leakage was regularly checked for 6 months, but no water leakage was observed.
[0054]
Example 12
70 parts by weight of polylactic acid obtained in Synthesis Example 2 and 20 parts by weight of a polymer alloy of polyvinyl alcohol / starch [trade name Matterby: manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd.], 10 parts of polyethylene glycol (weight average molecular weight is 2000) A water stop tool 2 was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 11 except that the resin composition was mixed, and a concrete water tank was manufactured using this, and a water injection test was performed. As a result, when 6 hours passed from the water injection, water leakage was observed from the joint portion, but when a full day had passed since the water injection, the water leakage was stopped and the outer wall surface of the water tank was dried. Thereafter, the water leakage was regularly checked for 6 months, but no water leakage was observed.
[0055]
Comparative Example 6
In place of the water stop tool 2 for concrete, a commercially available water stop tool (trade name Gelfit Rope; manufactured by KK Corporation) in which a vinylon mesche bag is packed with bennite particles is used in the same manner as in Example 11. A concrete water tank was manufactured. The water-stopping agent in the mesh swelled and fluidized before the concrete was handed over by artificial rain.
[0056]
【The invention's effect】
The resin composition according to the present invention is a product that is easily hydrolyzed with free moisture in the concrete, and as a result, the water-stop agent swells in contact with water, so that the interface between the concrete and the separator and the joint portion of the concrete The present invention makes it possible to provide a water-stopping tool that completely closes the generated minute gap and prevents water leakage.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a concrete water stop tool 1 according to the present invention.
2 is a perspective view showing a state in which the concrete water-stopping tool 1 shown in FIG. 1 is mounted on a separator. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a partially broken plan view of a concrete water stop tool 2 according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a mounting state of the concrete water stop tool 2 shown in FIG. 3;
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18431296A JP3672383B2 (en) | 1996-07-15 | 1996-07-15 | Concrete water stoppage tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18431296A JP3672383B2 (en) | 1996-07-15 | 1996-07-15 | Concrete water stoppage tool |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27756897A Division JPH10158494A (en) | 1997-10-09 | 1997-10-09 | Resin composition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1030051A JPH1030051A (en) | 1998-02-03 |
| JP3672383B2 true JP3672383B2 (en) | 2005-07-20 |
Family
ID=16151143
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18431296A Expired - Fee Related JP3672383B2 (en) | 1996-07-15 | 1996-07-15 | Concrete water stoppage tool |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3672383B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5215513B2 (en) * | 2001-04-13 | 2013-06-19 | 三井化学株式会社 | Biodegradable resin composition |
| JP5041639B2 (en) * | 2001-07-31 | 2012-10-03 | 三井化学株式会社 | Biodegradable resin composition |
| JP2012067534A (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2012-04-05 | Kyushu Institute Of Technology | Window member for composite floor slab inspection hole |
| JP5620836B2 (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2014-11-05 | ユニチカ株式会社 | Polylactic acid resin composition |
| JP6951064B2 (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2021-10-20 | 三国紙工株式会社 | Packaging material using aliphatic polyester resin composition |
-
1996
- 1996-07-15 JP JP18431296A patent/JP3672383B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH1030051A (en) | 1998-02-03 |
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