JP3673101B2 - Article fixing device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an article fixing device for fixing an article held by a group of particles made of a ferromagnetic material filled in an article fixing tank, mainly for removing electronic components from a circuit board for the purpose of recycling. The present invention relates to a circuit board fixing device for fixing a circuit board in an article fixing tank.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the necessity of recycling has been advocated in all industrial fields, and the components of waste home appliances are no exception. When a circuit board on which electronic components are mounted on a board is buried or incinerated, harmful substances contained in the board and electronic parts are eluted, resulting in pollution problems such as air, water, and soil contamination.
[0003]
Therefore, in order to disassemble the circuit board for the purpose of recycling, it is necessary to remove the electronic components mounted on the board. As an apparatus for that purpose, there is an apparatus in which a substrate is fixed with a chuck or the like, and a soldered portion of an electronic component on the substrate is immersed in a molten solder tank to give an impact by melting or scraping with a metal blade. However, these devices are limited in the shape and dimensions of a circuit board that can be fixed for removing electronic components, and have a drawback of lacking versatility.
[0004]
Therefore, recently, in a soldering surface cutting device for a circuit board, etc., a group of particles made of a ferromagnetic material is filled in an article fixing tank, and the electronic components of the circuit board are embedded in the group of grains, A device is used that fixes a circuit board by a magnetic force by arranging a pair of electromagnets so that the N pole and the S pole face each other with an electronic component interposed therebetween.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in a device that fixes a substrate by applying a magnetic force to a group of particles made of a ferromagnetic material, the shape and size range of the substrate that can be fixed is greatly expanded, increasing the versatility. It is not possible to obtain a large magnetic force that can stably fix the substrate simply by making it. In other words, most of the magnetic field lines from one of the electromagnets return to the electromagnet, and the magnetic field lines reaching the other electromagnet become small, so the magnetic flux density at the center of the article fixing tank is also reduced, and the circuit board is separated from the group of particles. Cannot be held securely in the inside. Therefore, there is a problem that the circuit board is fixed in an unstable state, and the solder surface cutting work for disassembling the circuit board cannot be stably performed.
[0006]
Therefore, the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems and ensures that articles having various shapes and sizes are held in the grain group by applying sufficient magnetic force to the grain group holding the article such as a circuit board. Thus, it is an object of the present invention to provide an article fixing device or a circuit board fixing device that can be stably fixed in a fixing layer and can easily perform, for example, a circuit board disassembly work.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the first invention of the present application is to fill a particle group made of a ferromagnetic material in an article fixing tank, bury an uneven portion of the article in the particle group, and sandwich the article. In the article fixing device for fixing the article by arranging a pair of electromagnets so that the N pole and the S pole face each other, the tip portion of the pair of electromagnets faces the article fixing tank so as to face the particle group. as well as arranged to be in contact, short-circuit connecting member formed between the base end portions of the two electromagnets of a ferromagnetic material, a block of material having a greater magnetic permeability than the magnetic permeability of the granules group, the 1 It is characterized in that it is embedded in at least one of a pair of electromagnets and the article so as to be embedded in the particle group .
[0008]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, a block made of a material having a magnetic permeability larger than that of the grain group is provided. For this reason, the magnetic field lines emitted from at least one of the electromagnets reach the other electromagnet through a block having a permeability larger than the permeability of the grain group. Therefore, even if the article located in the article fixing tank is separated from the electromagnet, a sufficient magnetic flux density can be obtained in the vicinity of the article, and the article is securely held by the particle group and stably fixed in the article fixing tank. it is possible.
[0009]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, in the article fixing apparatus, the article is a circuit board in which an electronic component is mounted on a substrate, and the electronic component is placed on a particle group in an article fixing tank. The circuit board is fixed by being embedded.
[0010]
According to the second invention, as in the first invention, a sufficient magnetic flux density can be obtained in the vicinity of the circuit board and the electronic component even if the circuit board and the electronic component located in the article fixing tank are separated from the electromagnet . The circuit board can be securely held in the particle group and stably fixed in the article fixing tank. Therefore, it is possible to easily perform the cutting work of the solder surface fixed in the state of facing upward in the particle group of the article fixing tank, and use the cutting cutter or the like to mount the electronic component mounted on the substrate. It becomes possible to remove efficiently.
[0011]
In addition, the magnetic resistance of the connecting member is made smaller than the magnetic resistance of the magnetic core of the electromagnet, or the cross-sectional shape of the magnetic core of the electromagnet is the largest of the circumscribed rectangle at each position of the embedded portion of the circuit board. It is preferable to use a substantially corresponding rectangle, and the article can be more reliably fixed by increasing the magnetic flux density at the center of the article fixing tank.
[0012]
Furthermore, it is preferable to measure the strength of the magnetic field generated in the embedded portion of the circuit board by the magnitude of the current value flowing through the coil wound around the magnetic core of the electromagnet. The magnetic flux density in the embedded portion of the circuit board that is proportional to the current value can be managed, and it is possible to stably fix the board, and the connecting member corresponding to the large and small amount of coil current It is also possible to monitor with an appropriate current value by, for example, winding a coil around any part of the above .
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an example in which the article fixing device of the present invention is specifically implemented in a circuit board fixing device used for circuit board disassembly will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0014]
1A and 1B schematically show a circuit board fixing device according to a first embodiment, wherein FIG. 1A is a plan view and FIG. 1B is a side view thereof. When removing the electronic component 6 or the like mounted on the board 5b in order to disassemble the circuit board 5, the circuit board fixing device uses, for example, a solder located on the solder surface 5a of the circuit board 5 by a cutting cutter. It constitutes a part of the solder surface cutting device for cutting.
[0015]
Reference numeral 1 denotes a non-magnetic substrate fixing tank (article fixing tank), which is filled with a particle group 2 made of a ferromagnetic material, and in which a circuit board 5 on which an electronic component 6 with a lead wire is mounted is connected to a solder surface. 5a is fixed upward in the positioning state. As the ferromagnetic material, steel balls such as iron and nickel are used. The size needs to be considered depending on the size and shape of the substrate 5b and the electronic component 6 mounted on the substrate 5b, but in the case of the circuit board 5 of home appliances, a diameter of about 2 mm to 5 mm is effective. It is also effective to mix different things.
[0016]
A notch 1a is provided at the peripheral edge of the opening of the substrate fixing tank 1, and a pair of electromagnets 3 each having a coil 9 wound around the notch 1a are arranged so that the tip parts 3c and 3c are exposed to the substrate fixing tank 1 and are granulated. It arrange | positions so that the group 2 may be contacted. As shown in FIG. 1 (b), the electromagnet 3 has an N pole and an S pole facing each other across a circuit board fixing portion 15 which is an embedded portion of the circuit board 5 on which the electronic component 6 is mounted in the board fixing tank 1. However, the magnetic poles 3 a come into contact with the particle group 2 by being disposed in the notches 1 a. Further, the magnetic poles 3b and 3b opposite to the magnetic poles 3a and 3a are short-circuited by connecting the base end portions 3d and 3d of the magnetic pole 3 with a connecting member 4 made of a ferromagnetic material. In addition, the structure arrange | positioned so that the front-end | tip parts 3c and 3c may contact the particle group 2 is not limited to the said notch 1a, For example, the opening part provided in the side surface of the board | substrate fixing tank 1 may be sufficient.
[0017]
The result of measuring the magnetic flux density in the circuit board fixing device configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0018]
FIG. 2A shows the distribution of the lines of magnetic force in the circuit board fixing device in which the electromagnet 3 is not short-circuited by the connecting member 4. In this apparatus, most of the magnetic force lines 7 emitted from one electromagnet 3 have returned to the same electromagnet 3, and the magnetic force lines 7a reaching the other electromagnet 3 are few. Therefore, the magnetic flux density becomes small in the circuit board fixing part 15 located in the central part of the board fixing tank 1, and the circuit board 5 cannot be stably fixed. On the other hand, when the electromagnet 3 is short-circuited by the connecting member 4 as shown in FIG. 2B, most of the magnetic force lines 7a of the magnetic force lines 7 coming out of the electromagnet 3 are those of the particle group 2 which is a ferromagnetic material having a small magnetic resistance. Pass the part and reach the other electromagnet 3. Therefore, a sufficient magnetic flux density can be obtained in the circuit board fixing part 15 located in the center part of the board fixing tank 1, the circuit board 5 can be stably fixed, and the work for the dismantling process can be easily performed. It can be carried out. Then, by finishing the work and stopping the current flowing through the electromagnet 3, the substrate 5b from which the magnetic coupling of the particle group 2 is released and the electronic component 6 is removed can be easily taken out from the substrate fixing tank 1.
[0019]
The measurement data of the magnetic flux density obtained by the comparative experiment is shown in FIG. The line a in the graph is a circuit board fixing device that does not short-circuit the magnetic pole 3b by the connecting member 4 shown in FIG. 2A, and the line b in the graph short-circuits the magnetic pole 3b by the connecting member 4 shown in FIG. A circuit board fixing device. As a result of a cutting experiment using a solder surface cutting device for cutting the solder surface 5a in order to remove the electronic component 6 from the substrate 5b, 150G is used when cutting the solder surface 5a with a cutting cutter rotating at 1300 rpm. It has been confirmed that cutting is possible with a magnetic flux density of. In the apparatus shown in FIG. 2B, since the magnetic flux density is 150 G or more, it was confirmed that the cutting operation with the cutting cutter was reliably performed.
[0020]
As described above, according to the first embodiment, the circuit board 5 having various shapes and dimensions is stably fixed by the magnetic force of the electromagnet 3 that can secure a sufficient magnetic flux density. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently remove the electronic component 6 attached to the substrate 5b.
[0021]
In the first embodiment, the magnetic resistance of the connecting member 4 that short-circuits the magnetic pole 3 b is preferably smaller than the magnetic resistance of the magnetic core of the electromagnet 3. If the magnetic permeability of the connecting member 4 that is short-circuited with the magnetic pole 3 b is equal, the cross-sectional area of the connecting member 4 that is short-circuited must be larger than the cross-sectional area of the magnetic core of the electromagnet 3. By doing so, the magnetic flux density in the substrate fixing tank 1 can be maximized.
[0022]
Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the cross-sectional shape of the magnetic core of the electromagnet 3 is the maximum of the rectangular cross-section circumscribed at each position of the circuit board fixing portion 15 which is the embedded portion of the circuit board 5 in the board fixing tank 1. If the rectangular shape substantially corresponds to, the magnetic flux density of the circuit board fixing portion 15 is increased, and the circuit board 5 located at the center of the substrate fixing tank 1 can be held with a sufficient magnetic force.
[0023]
Since the magnetic permeability of the particle group 2 in the substrate fixing tank 1 is smaller than the magnetic permeability of the magnetic pole 3a, the magnetic flux density of the circuit substrate fixing portion 15 is abrupt when the magnetic pole 3a and the circuit board fixing portion 15 are separated. Get smaller. Therefore, as in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 5, it is also effective to embed a block 8 made of a material having a high magnetic permeability from the magnetic pole 3a to the vicinity of the circuit board fixing portion 15.
[0024]
In order to stably fix the circuit board 5 by the circuit board fixing device, it is necessary to monitor the magnetic flux density emitted from the electromagnet 3. Although there are measuring instruments such as gauss meters, they are precision instruments and are not suitable for use in the solder surface cutting work or the like. There is a proportional relationship between the value of the current flowing in the coil 9 wound around the electromagnet 3 and the magnetic flux density generated in the circuit board fixing portion 15. Therefore, if the current value flowing through the coil 9 of the electromagnet 3 is monitored and the magnetic flux density is managed, the circuit board can be fixed stably. If the current flowing through the coil 9 is too large or too small, a coil with an arbitrary number of turns in an arbitrary part of the connecting member 4 that short-circuits the magnetic pole 3b can be monitored with an appropriate current value. It becomes possible.
[0025]
In addition to the embodiments described above, the present invention can be configured in various ways. For example, in substrate disassembly processing, it can be applied not only to a solder surface cutting device using a cutting cutter, but also to a solder surface component removing device that uses a rotating brush to remove surface-mounted components on the solder surface using a rotating brush. Can do. Further, the circuit board is not limited to the circuit board as long as the article needs to be fixed for some work and the article can be held by a group of particles made of a ferromagnetic material that is difficult to fix due to the uneven portion. When fixing the article, the uneven portion of the article can be embedded in the particle group and stably fixed in the article fixing tank in the same manner as described above.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the leading end article of the electromagnet facing the article such as the circuit board is placed in the article fixing tank, and the base end portion is short-circuited by the connecting member made of a ferromagnetic material. And a block made of a material having a permeability larger than the permeability of the grain group is embedded in the grain group between at least one of the pair of electromagnets and the article. With this, sufficient magnetic force is applied to the particle group holding the article such as the circuit board, and the articles of various shapes and dimensions are securely held by the particle group and stably fixed in the fixed layer. For example, it is possible to provide an article fixing device or a circuit board fixing device that can easily perform a circuit board disassembly work or the like.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1A is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of distribution of magnetic lines of force in the embodiment in comparison with a conventional example.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing magnetic flux density measurement data obtained by a comparative experiment in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a cross-sectional shape of a magnetic pole in the same embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a second embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Substrate fixing tank 1a Notch 2 Grain group 3 made of ferromagnetic material Electromagnets 3a and 3b Magnetic poles (N pole and S pole)
3c Tip 3d Base 4 Connecting member 5 made of ferromagnetic material Circuit board 5a Solder surface 5b Substrate 6 Electronic component 7, 7a Magnetic field line 9 Coil 15 Circuit board fixing part (embedded part of circuit board)

Claims (5)

The article fixing tank is filled with a group of particles made of a ferromagnetic material, and an uneven portion of the article is embedded in the group of grains, and a pair of N poles and S poles are opposed to each other with the article interposed therebetween. In an article fixing apparatus for fixing an article by arranging an electromagnet, a pair of electromagnets are arranged such that their tip ends face the article fixing tank and come into contact with the particle group, and the base ends of both electromagnets A block made of a material having a magnetic permeability larger than the magnetic permeability of the grain group is short-circuited between the parts by a connecting member made of a ferromagnetic material, and the block is made between at least one of the pair of electromagnets and the article. An article fixing device, wherein the article fixing device is embedded in a particle group . The magnetic resistance of the connecting member, the article holder of claim 1, wherein the smaller than the magnetic resistance of the magnetic core of the electromagnet. 3. The article fixing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the article is a circuit board having electronic parts mounted on the board, and the electronic parts are embedded in a group of particles in the article fixing tank to fix the circuit board. A circuit board fixing device.   4. The circuit board fixing device according to claim 3, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the magnetic core of the electromagnet is a rectangle substantially corresponding to the largest one of the circumscribed rectangles at each position of the embedded portion of the circuit board.   4. The circuit board fixing device according to claim 3, wherein the strength of the magnetic field generated in the embedded portion of the circuit board is measured by the magnitude of the current value flowing in the coil wound around the magnetic core of the electromagnet.

Images