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JP3678476B2 - Acid resistant filter - Google Patents
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JP3678476B2 - Acid resistant filter - Google Patents

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JP3678476B2
JP3678476B2 JP28044795A JP28044795A JP3678476B2 JP 3678476 B2 JP3678476 B2 JP 3678476B2 JP 28044795 A JP28044795 A JP 28044795A JP 28044795 A JP28044795 A JP 28044795A JP 3678476 B2 JP3678476 B2 JP 3678476B2
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Prior art keywords
acid
fiber
resistant filter
base fabric
felt
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JPH09122415A (en
Inventor
博佐 渡辺
孔基 佐々木
進 小椋
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Teijin Ltd
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Teijin Techno Products Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は耐酸性フィルターに関し、さらに詳しくは都市ゴミ焼却炉の排ガス、工場排気ガス等の排ガス中の微粒子を捕集するバッグフィルター等に利用される耐酸性フィルターに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
現在、集塵用フィルターとして種々のフィルターが知られている。一般に集塵用フィルター用繊維として、よく利用されているのは金属繊維、ガラス繊維、アラミド繊維等であるが、特にメタ型アラミド繊維がよく利用されている。メタ型アラミド繊維は、耐熱性に優れ、それを活かし、例えば都市ゴミ焼却炉などの排ガス中の微粒子などを捕集するバッグフィルター用素材として、高温状態で暴露される分野で広く使用されている。しかしながら、排ガス中には硫酸ミスト、塩酸ミストなどが含有されており、長期間高温状態で運転されるため、濾過布が劣化し、途中でバッグが破損するなどのトラブルが発生することがある。そこで、耐熱耐薬品性フィルターとして、耐熱性基布にフッ素系樹脂、シリコン樹脂、コロイダルアルミナ等を付着せしめてフィルターの耐熱性、耐薬品性、耐久性等を向上させる提案がされている。例えば「ガラス繊維などの無機質繊維クロスにシリコン、四フッ化エチレン樹脂、グラファイトなどのフィルター用処理をするに際して、予めコロイダルアルミナによる処理を施しておくか又はシリコン、四フッ化エチレン樹脂、グラファイトなどの処理と同時にコロイダルアルミナによる処理も行うことにより該クロスに対し、0.03〜5重量%の範囲でアルミナを該クロスに付着せしめてなるようにした高温用フィルタークロスの処理方法。」(特公昭47−14866号公報)、「全芳香族ポリアミド繊維及び布帛をフッ素系樹脂エマルジョンで処理し該フッ素系樹脂被膜を付与したことを特徴とする改良された全芳香族ポリアミド繊維及び布帛。」(特開昭56−107073号公報)、「芳香族ポリアミド繊維からなる繊維構造物の繊維表面が硅素、アルミニウム、リチウムの酸化物からなる群から選ばれた1以上の化合物と弗素系樹脂とで被覆されてなる耐薬品性濾材。」(特開昭61−149217号公報)等が開示されている。しかし、これらの技術をもってしても耐熱性、耐薬品性、耐久性等は万全ではない。そこで、本発明者らは、鋭意検討の結果、本発明に至ったものである。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は以上の事情を背景としてなされたものである。本発明の目的は、苛酷な酸性雰囲気中において、耐熱性、耐薬品性、耐久性等がより優れた耐酸性フィルター、特にバグフィルター用として好適な耐酸性フィルターを提供することにある。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち本発明は、「(請求項1)基布にフェルトが一体成型されてなるフィルターにおいて、基布が、フッ素系樹脂にブロックドポリイソシアネート化合物及びフェノールノボラック化合物を配合した加工剤Aで処理された基布であり、基布と一体成型されたフェルトが、無機微粒子、次いでフッ素系樹脂にフッ素化ウレタン化合物を配合した加工剤Bで処理されてなることを特徴とする耐酸性フィルター。
(請求項2)無機微粒子がアルミナである請求項1記載の耐酸性フィルター。
(請求項3)アルミナが羽毛状アルミナである請求項2記載の耐酸性フィルター。
(請求項4)基布がメタ型アラミド繊維からなる請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の耐酸性フィルター。
(請求項5)フェルトがメタ型アラミド繊維からなる請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の耐酸性フィルター。
(請求項6)メタ型アラミド繊維が立体捲縮繊維である請求項5記載の耐酸性フィルター。」である。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
基布あるいはフェルトを構成する繊維は、耐熱性フィルター用として従来知られている繊維であり、例えば炭素繊維、金属繊維、ガラス繊維、有機耐熱性繊維などである。有機耐熱性繊維としては、メタ型アラミド繊維、ポリフェニレントリアゾール繊維、ポリオキシジアゾール繊維、ポリイミド繊維、ポリベンゾイミダゾール繊維などがある。ここでメタ型アラミドとは、メタ型芳香族ジアミンとメタ型芳香族ジカルボン酸との反応により生成するポリマーあるいはそのコポリマーである。好ましく用いられる繊維は、例えばメタフェニレンジアミンとイソフタル酸ジクロライドとの反応により生成するポリメタフェニレンイソフタルアミドを主成分とするポリマーからなる繊維である。基布は織物でも編物でも不織布でもよいが、通常スクリムの形態で用いることが多い。
【0006】
フェルトを構成する繊維としては、予め捲縮が付与されている繊維が使用されるが、メタ型アラミド繊維の場合には、機械的に捲縮を付与したものより、例えば繊維の製造時に繊維横断面内に熱収縮特性の異方性を付与し、次いで弛緩熱処理して捲縮を発現させた立体捲縮繊維が好ましい。通常の機械捲縮繊維の場合には、繊維に挫屈などの物理的なダメージが大きく、酸雰囲気で且つ高湿度雰囲気に暴露されると、該ダメージ部(通常は捲縮部)から劣化が進行しやすくなって耐酸性、耐久性等が低下するが、立体捲縮繊維では、この様なダメージ部の形成がなくなり、酸・湿度雰囲気中の劣化がさらに緩和されるので好ましいものである。
【0007】
次ぎに基布の加工及びフェルトの加工に適用するフッ素系樹脂は、四フッ化エチレン(略称:PTFE)、四フッ化エチレン・パーフルオロビニルエーテル共重合体(略称:PFA)、四フッ化エチレン・六フッ化プロピレン共重合体などである。これらのフッ素系樹脂を微粒子化し、水に分散させたディスパージョンを表面処理剤として使用する。
【0008】
基布の加工に際して、このフッ素系樹脂に架橋成分として添加されるブロックドポリイソシアネート化合物は、ポリイソシアネート化合物とブロック化剤との付加物であり、加熱によりブロック成分が遊離して活性なポリイソシアネート化合物を生じるものである。ポリイソシアネート化合物としては、例えばトリレンジイソシアネート、メタフェニレンジイソシアネート、ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、ポリメチレンポリフェニルジイソシアネート、トリフェニルメタントリイソシアネート等のポリイソシアネート、あるいはこれらのポリイソシアネートと、活性水素原子を2個以上有する化合物、例えばトリメチロールプロパン、ペンタエリスリトール等とをイソシアネート基(−NCO)とヒドロキシル基(−OH)の比が1を越えるモル比で反応させて得られる末端イソシアネート基含有のポリアルキレングリコールアダクトポリイソシアネートなどである。特にトリレンジイソシアネート、ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、ポリメチレンポリフェニルジイソシアネート等の芳香族ポリイソシアネートが優れた性能を発現するので好ましい。
【0009】
ブロック化剤としては、例えばフェノール、チオフェノール、クレゾール、レゾルシノール等のフェノール類、ジフェニルアミン、キシリジン等の芳香族第2級アミン類、フタル酸イミド類、カプロラクタム、バレロラクタム等のラクタム類、アセトキシム、メチルエチルケトンオキシム、シクロヘキサンオキシム等のオキシム類あるいは酸性亜硫酸ソーダ等を用いる。
【0010】
本発明にかかる加工剤Aには、さらに耐熱性を有するフェノールノボラック化合物を添加配合するが、これは次式(化1)で表されるクレゾールノボラック型エポキシ化合物が特に好ましい。
【0011】
【化1】

Figure 0003678476
【0012】
上記(化1)を満足する化合物としては分子量1200〜1300、エポキシ価4.0〜4.5eq/kgのものが好ましい。
【0013】
加工剤A中の、ブロックドポリイソシアネート化合物及びフェノールノボラック化合物の合計の配合量は、フッ素系樹脂固形分に対し10〜20重量%が適当である。10重量%未満では、繊維に対する固着性が低下して使用時の耐久性が低下しやすい。一方20重量%を越えると、フッ素系樹脂固形分量が相対的に減少し、本来の耐酸性能を発揮し難くなる。ブロックドポリイソシアネート化合物とフェノールノボラック化合物との重量比率は、1/1〜4/1、特に2/1程度が好ましい。
【0014】
これらを配合した加工剤Aの付着量は、基布繊維重量に対し5〜15重量%が適当である。5重量%未満では、繊維表面に均一に付着させることが難しくムラとなりやすく、その部分から劣化する。一方15重量%を越えると、耐酸性は向上するが、基布が硬くなって柔軟性に欠け、フェルト成形時のニドールパンチが困難となり、良好な耐酸性フィルターが得難くなる。
【0015】
次に、フェルトの耐酸加工に使用する無機微粒子としては、アルミナ、シリカ、ジルコニウム等を用いることができるが、特にアルミナゾルが好ましい。アルミナゾル以外の無機微粒子でも効果はあるが、処理後の加工布の硬さが増加するなどの問題を生ずる。ここでいうアルミナゾルとは、5〜200mμのコロイドの大きさを有するアルミナ水和物であり、重合粒子が水中の陰イオンを安定剤として分散している懸濁液(サスペンジョン)である。特に、羽毛状粒子の集合体が好ましい。この羽毛状粒子の1個は約60万個のアルミナが重合してできたものであり、それだけ耐熱性、耐薬品性に優れている。陰イオンが粒子の表面及びその近傍に配位され、コロイドに安定性を付与している弱酸性懸濁液である。粒子形状は、羽毛状だけではなく、球状のものでも用いることができる。
【0016】
この無機微粒子の付着量は、繊維重量に対し10〜25重量%が適当である。10重量%未満では耐酸性能が充分発現しない場合がある。一方25重量%を越えると、フィルターが硬くなって折り曲げたときにクッラックが生じやすい、フェルトとしての通気性が低下しやすい等、フィルターとしての品位に問題が生じやすくなる。
【0017】
無機微粒子で処理されたフェルトは、次いで、前述したフッ素系樹脂にバインダー成分としてフッ素化ウレタン化合物を配合した加工剤Bで処理されるが、ここで使用されるフッ素化ウレタン化合物とは、脂肪族イソシアネートとパーフルオロアルキル基を構造中に有する活性水素化合物との縮合反応物を主成分とするウレタン化合物であり、下記構造式(化2)で表されるものを例示することができる。
【0018】
【化2】
Figure 0003678476
【0019】
式中、Rはアルキル基、好ましくは炭素数1〜5のアルキル基を表し、Rfはパーフルオロアルキル基、好ましくは炭素数1〜5のパーフルオロアルキル基を表す。また、nは1〜8の整数である。
【0020】
この様なフッ素化ウレタン化合物としては、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート等の脂肪族イソシアネート化合物と、β−パーフルオロアルキルエチルアルコール等のパーフルオロアルキル基を含有する活性水素化合物及び脂肪族アルコールとの反応生成物を主成分とするウレタン化合物を例示することができる。前記フッ素系樹脂とこのフッ素化ウレタン化合物との配合割合は、固形分比率で7:3〜4:6、特に約1:1が最も良好な性能を示し好ましい。このバランスが崩れて上記範囲外になると、加工樹脂被膜の硬さが硬くなりすぎたり、フェルトへの付着性が低下しやすくなる。
【0021】
加工剤Bの付着量(フッ素系ビニル重合体とフッ素化ウレタン化合物との合計量)は、繊維重量に対して5〜12重量%が適当である。5重量%未満では均一に付着させることが困難となり、フッ素系樹脂の付着が少ない部分から劣化しやすくなるため充分な耐酸性能が得られない場合がある。一方、12重量%を超える場合には、フェルト硬度が高くなりすぎてバッグ縫製時にトラブルが発生しやすくなる。
【0022】
次に本発明の製造方法について例示する。先ず、基布に、フッ素系樹脂に架橋成分としてブロックドポリイソシアネート化合物及びクレゾールノボラック型エポキシ化合物を添加した加工剤Aを付与して乾燥・熱処理し、それに繊維のカット綿を配し、ニードルパンチングを行い基布と一体化したフェルトを作る。次いで、羽毛状アルミナのアルミナゾル(濃度、約10%)に含浸し、105〜150℃で乾燥後、190〜210℃で熱処理を行い、引き続き、フッ素系樹脂にフッ素化ウレタン化合物を添加配合した加工剤B(濃度10〜20%の水分散液)中に含浸処理し、マングルで絞り、105〜150℃で乾燥し、次いで190〜210℃で熱処理を行うことにより、適度な硬さと樹脂付着量を有する耐酸性フィルターを得る。
【0023】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により、本発明を具体的に説明する。なお、実施例における性能評価は下記の方法で実施した。
【0024】
<耐酸性評価>
耐酸性フィルターサンプルを、7%硫酸水溶液中に浸漬し、80mmHgの減圧雰囲気中で3時間保持し、耐酸性フィルターのフェルト内部まで均一に硫酸を浸透させる。その後、取り出し、表面に付着した硫酸を軽く拭き取り、そのまま、200℃の熱風乾燥機中で1時間保持した。この処理前後での、フェルトの強度変化から耐酸性能を評価した。
【0025】
<フェルト硬さ>
耐酸性フィルターサンプルを巾10mmにカットし、長さ5cmのスパンを有する支持台の上に置き、その中央部に10gの荷重を置いたときの撓み量(mm)を測定して硬さを判定した。
【0026】
[実施例1〜8、比較例1〜3]
メタ型アラミド繊維(商品名:コーネックス、帝人株式会社製)からなるスクリム;タテ、ヨコとも1000デニール(撚り数;120回/m)の繊維からなる平織りメッシュ状織物(タテ、ヨコとも、15本/インチ)を、PTFE水分散液(商品名:AD−1、旭硝子株式会社製、濃度60%)100gに、ブロックドポリイソシアネート水分散液(商品名:プロミネートXC945、武田薬品工業株式会社製、濃度39%)20gとフェノールノボラックエポキシ化合物水分散液(商品名:EM125、ナガセ化成株式会社製、濃度25%)15gを添加配合した加工剤A中に浸漬、絞りを繰り返し、樹脂分を繊維重量対比表1記載の量付着させ、140℃で乾燥した後、190℃で2分間熱処理を行った。
【0027】
次いで、このスクリムを基布として、その両側に、機械捲縮を付与したメタ型アラミド繊維(商品名:コーネックス、帝人株式会社製)の、単糸繊度2デニール、繊維長76mmのカット綿を、目付け500g/m2 となるように配し、ニードルパンチングを行い、基布と一体化したフェルトを作製した。
【0028】
次に、このフェルトを羽毛状アルミナゾルの水分散液(商品名:AS−200,日産化学株式会社製、濃度10%)中に浸漬、絞りを行い、150℃で乾燥させた後、200℃で熱処理を行い、羽毛状アルミナを繊維重量に対し表1記載の量付着させた。次いで、PTFE水分散液(商品名:AD−1、旭硝子株式会社製、濃度60%)85重量部にフッ素化ウレタン化合物水分散液(商品名:AG3001、旭硝子株式会社製、濃度20%)255重量部を配合し水415重量部で稀釈した加工剤B中に浸漬、絞りを行い、150℃で乾燥、引き続き200℃で熱処理を行い、繊維重量に対して表1記載の量付着させた。結果を表1に示す。
【0029】
【表1】
Figure 0003678476
【0030】
[実施例9〜12、比較例4〜6]
実施例1で用いたと同じ基布の両側に、260℃で熱セット後310℃で弛緩熱処理して立体捲縮を発現させたメタ型アラミド繊維(商品名:コーネックス、帝人株式会社製)の、単糸繊度2デニール、繊維長76mmのカット綿を、目付け500g/m2 となるように配し、ニードルパンチングを行い、基布と一体化したフェルトを作製した。
【0031】
次に、このフェルトを実施例1と同様に処理して羽毛状アルミナゾル及び加工剤Bを繊維重量に対して表2に記載の量付着させた。結果を表2に示す。
【0032】
【表2】
Figure 0003678476
【0033】
【発明の効果】
本発明の耐酸性フィルターは、より苛酷な高温酸性雰囲気においても、優れた耐熱性、耐薬品性、耐久性等を示すので、都市ゴミ焼却炉の排ガス、工場排気ガス等の排ガス中の微粒子を捕集するバッグフィルター等に好適に使用することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an acid resistant filter, and more particularly to an acid resistant filter used for a bag filter or the like for collecting fine particles in exhaust gas such as exhaust gas from a municipal waste incinerator and factory exhaust gas.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Currently, various filters are known as dust collection filters. In general, metal fibers, glass fibers, aramid fibers, and the like are often used as filter fibers for dust collection, but meta-aramid fibers are particularly often used. Meta-type aramid fiber has excellent heat resistance and is widely used in fields exposed at high temperatures as a material for bag filters that collect fine particles in exhaust gas from municipal waste incinerators, for example. . However, since the exhaust gas contains sulfuric acid mist, hydrochloric acid mist, etc. and is operated at a high temperature for a long time, troubles such as deterioration of the filter cloth and breakage of the bag in the middle may occur. Therefore, as a heat-resistant and chemical-resistant filter, proposals have been made to improve the heat resistance, chemical resistance, durability, etc. of the filter by attaching fluorine-based resin, silicon resin, colloidal alumina or the like to a heat-resistant base fabric. For example, “When treating inorganic fiber cloth such as glass fiber with a filter such as silicon, tetrafluoroethylene resin, graphite, or the like, pretreatment with colloidal alumina or silicon, tetrafluoroethylene resin, graphite, etc. A method for treating a high-temperature filter cloth in which alumina is adhered to the cloth in the range of 0.03 to 5% by weight by performing a treatment with colloidal alumina simultaneously with the treatment. " No. 47-14866), “Improved wholly aromatic polyamide fiber and fabric obtained by treating a wholly aromatic polyamide fiber and fabric with a fluorine resin emulsion to give the fluorine resin film” (specialty). No. 56-107073), “Fiber structure comprising aromatic polyamide fibers” A chemical-resistant filter medium in which the fiber surface is coated with one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of oxides of silicon, aluminum and lithium and a fluorine-based resin "(Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-149217), etc. Is disclosed. However, even with these technologies, heat resistance, chemical resistance, durability, etc. are not perfect. Therefore, the present inventors have arrived at the present invention as a result of intensive studies.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made against the background described above. An object of the present invention is to provide an acid resistant filter that is more excellent in heat resistance, chemical resistance, durability, and the like in a severe acidic atmosphere, and particularly suitable for a bag filter.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention is “(Claim 1) In a filter in which felt is integrally formed on a base fabric, the base fabric is treated with a processing agent A in which a blocked polyisocyanate compound and a phenol novolac compound are blended with a fluororesin. An acid-resistant filter, wherein the felt integrally formed with the base fabric is treated with inorganic fine particles, and then with a processing agent B in which a fluorinated urethane compound is blended with a fluorine resin.
(2) The acid-resistant filter according to the above (1), wherein the inorganic fine particles are alumina.
(Claim 3) The acid-resistant filter according to claim 2, wherein the alumina is feather-like alumina.
(Claim 4) The acid resistant filter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the base fabric is made of a meta-type aramid fiber.
(Claim 5) The acid-resistant filter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the felt is made of a meta-type aramid fiber.
(Claim 6) The acid-resistant filter according to claim 5, wherein the meta-aramid fiber is a three-dimensional crimped fiber. Is.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The fiber constituting the base fabric or felt is a fiber conventionally known for heat-resistant filters, such as carbon fiber, metal fiber, glass fiber, and organic heat-resistant fiber. Examples of the organic heat resistant fiber include meta-type aramid fiber, polyphenylenetriazole fiber, polyoxydiazole fiber, polyimide fiber, and polybenzimidazole fiber. Here, the meta-type aramid is a polymer produced by the reaction of a meta-type aromatic diamine and a meta-type aromatic dicarboxylic acid or a copolymer thereof. The fiber preferably used is, for example, a fiber made of a polymer mainly composed of polymetaphenylene isophthalamide produced by a reaction between metaphenylenediamine and isophthalic acid dichloride. The base fabric may be a woven fabric, a knitted fabric or a non-woven fabric, but is usually used in the form of a scrim.
[0006]
As the fiber constituting the felt, a fiber that has been crimped in advance is used. However, in the case of a meta-type aramid fiber, the fiber crossing is performed at the time of fiber production. Three-dimensional crimped fibers in which anisotropy of heat shrinkage characteristics is imparted in the plane and then subjected to relaxation heat treatment to develop crimps are preferable. In the case of ordinary mechanically crimped fibers, physical damage such as buckling is large to the fibers, and when exposed to an acid atmosphere and a high humidity atmosphere, the damaged portion (usually the crimped portion) deteriorates. Although it progresses easily and the acid resistance, durability and the like are lowered, the three-dimensional crimped fiber is preferable because such a damaged portion is not formed and the deterioration in the acid / humidity atmosphere is further alleviated.
[0007]
Next, the fluororesin applied to the processing of the base fabric and felt processing is tetrafluoroethylene (abbreviation: PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene / perfluorovinyl ether copolymer (abbreviation: PFA), tetrafluoroethylene / A hexafluoropropylene copolymer. A dispersion in which these fluororesins are finely divided and dispersed in water is used as a surface treatment agent.
[0008]
The blocked polyisocyanate compound added as a crosslinking component to the fluororesin during the processing of the base fabric is an adduct of a polyisocyanate compound and a blocking agent. It is what produces the compound. Examples of the polyisocyanate compound include tolylene diisocyanate, metaphenylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, polymethylene polyphenyl diisocyanate, triphenylmethane triisocyanate and the like, or these polyisocyanates and 2 active hydrogen atoms. A polyalkylene glycol containing a terminal isocyanate group obtained by reacting a compound having at least one compound such as trimethylolpropane or pentaerythritol at a molar ratio of isocyanate group (—NCO) to hydroxyl group (—OH) exceeding 1. Adduct polyisocyanate and the like. In particular, aromatic polyisocyanates such as tolylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and polymethylene polyphenyl diisocyanate are preferable because they exhibit excellent performance.
[0009]
Examples of the blocking agent include phenols such as phenol, thiophenol, cresol and resorcinol, aromatic secondary amines such as diphenylamine and xylidine, lactams such as phthalimides, caprolactam and valerolactam, acetoxime and methyl ethyl ketone. Use oximes such as oxime and cyclohexane oxime or acidic sodium sulfite.
[0010]
The processing agent A according to the present invention further contains a phenol novolac compound having heat resistance, which is particularly preferably a cresol novolac type epoxy compound represented by the following formula (Formula 1).
[0011]
[Chemical 1]
Figure 0003678476
[0012]
The compound satisfying the above (Chemical Formula 1) is preferably a compound having a molecular weight of 1200 to 1300 and an epoxy value of 4.0 to 4.5 eq / kg.
[0013]
The total blending amount of the blocked polyisocyanate compound and the phenol novolac compound in the processing agent A is suitably 10 to 20% by weight with respect to the solid content of the fluororesin. If it is less than 10% by weight, the sticking property to the fiber is lowered and the durability during use tends to be lowered. On the other hand, if it exceeds 20% by weight, the solid content of the fluororesin is relatively reduced and it becomes difficult to exhibit the original acid resistance performance. The weight ratio of the blocked polyisocyanate compound to the phenol novolac compound is preferably 1/1 to 4/1, particularly about 2/1.
[0014]
The adhesion amount of the processing agent A containing these is suitably 5 to 15% by weight based on the weight of the base fabric fiber. If it is less than 5% by weight, it is difficult to uniformly adhere to the fiber surface, and unevenness tends to occur, and the portion deteriorates. On the other hand, if it exceeds 15% by weight, the acid resistance is improved, but the base fabric is hard and lacks flexibility, making it difficult to perform a nidol punch during felt molding, making it difficult to obtain a good acid resistance filter.
[0015]
Next, as the inorganic fine particles used for the acid resistance processing of the felt, alumina, silica, zirconium and the like can be used, but alumina sol is particularly preferable. Although inorganic fine particles other than alumina sol are effective, problems such as an increase in the hardness of the processed cloth after treatment occur. The term “alumina sol” as used herein refers to an alumina hydrate having a colloidal size of 5 to 200 μm, and is a suspension (suspension) in which polymer particles are dispersed with an anion in water as a stabilizer. In particular, an aggregate of feather-like particles is preferable. One of these feather-like particles is formed by polymerizing about 600,000 alumina, and is excellent in heat resistance and chemical resistance. It is a weakly acidic suspension in which anions are coordinated on the surface of the particle and in the vicinity thereof to impart stability to the colloid. The particle shape can be not only a feather shape but also a spherical shape.
[0016]
The adhesion amount of the inorganic fine particles is suitably 10 to 25% by weight with respect to the fiber weight. If it is less than 10% by weight, the acid resistance may not be sufficiently exhibited. On the other hand, if it exceeds 25% by weight, the filter becomes hard and cracks are likely to occur when bent, and the air permeability as a felt tends to decrease, and the quality of the filter tends to be problematic.
[0017]
The felt treated with the inorganic fine particles is then treated with a processing agent B in which a fluorinated urethane compound is blended as a binder component in the above-described fluorine-based resin. The fluorinated urethane compound used here is an aliphatic group. A urethane compound mainly composed of a condensation reaction product of an isocyanate and an active hydrogen compound having a perfluoroalkyl group in the structure, and represented by the following structural formula (Formula 2) can be exemplified.
[0018]
[Chemical formula 2]
Figure 0003678476
[0019]
In the formula, R represents an alkyl group, preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and Rf represents a perfluoroalkyl group, preferably a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. N is an integer of 1-8.
[0020]
Such a fluorinated urethane compound includes a reaction product of an aliphatic isocyanate compound such as hexamethylene diisocyanate, an active hydrogen compound containing a perfluoroalkyl group such as β-perfluoroalkylethyl alcohol, and an aliphatic alcohol. The urethane compound which has as a main component can be illustrated. The blending ratio of the fluororesin and the fluorinated urethane compound is preferably 7: 3 to 4: 6, particularly about 1: 1 in terms of solid content because it shows the best performance. If this balance is lost and falls outside the above range, the hardness of the processed resin coating becomes too hard and the adhesion to the felt tends to decrease.
[0021]
The adhesion amount of the processing agent B (the total amount of the fluorine-based vinyl polymer and the fluorinated urethane compound) is suitably 5 to 12% by weight with respect to the fiber weight. If it is less than 5% by weight, it is difficult to uniformly adhere, and since it tends to deteriorate from a portion where the fluororesin is hardly adhered, sufficient acid resistance performance may not be obtained. On the other hand, if it exceeds 12% by weight, the felt hardness becomes too high and troubles are likely to occur during bag sewing.
[0022]
Next, the production method of the present invention is illustrated. First, a processing agent A in which a blocked polyisocyanate compound and a cresol novolac type epoxy compound are added as a cross-linking component to a fluororesin is applied to a base fabric, dried and heat-treated, fiber cut cotton is arranged thereon, needle punching To make the felt integrated with the base fabric. Next, impregnated with alumina sol (concentration, about 10%) of feathery alumina, dried at 105-150 ° C., heat treated at 190-210 ° C., and subsequently processed by adding a fluorinated urethane compound to the fluororesin. By impregnating in agent B (10-20% aqueous dispersion), mangled, dried at 105-150 ° C. and then heat treated at 190-210 ° C., moderate hardness and resin adhesion amount An acid resistant filter having
[0023]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples. In addition, the performance evaluation in an Example was implemented with the following method.
[0024]
<Acid resistance evaluation>
The acid-resistant filter sample is immersed in a 7% sulfuric acid aqueous solution and held in a reduced-pressure atmosphere of 80 mmHg for 3 hours to allow the sulfuric acid to uniformly penetrate into the felt of the acid-resistant filter. Then, it took out, the sulfuric acid adhering to the surface was wiped off lightly, and it kept for 1 hour in a 200 degreeC hot-air dryer as it was. The acid resistance performance was evaluated from the change in strength of the felt before and after this treatment.
[0025]
<Felt hardness>
Cut the acid-resistant filter sample to a width of 10 mm, place it on a support base with a span of 5 cm in length, and determine the hardness by measuring the amount of deflection (mm) when a load of 10 g is placed in the center. did.
[0026]
[Examples 1-8, Comparative Examples 1-3]
A scrim made of a meta-type aramid fiber (trade name: Conex, manufactured by Teijin Ltd.); a plain woven mesh fabric made of 1000 denier (twist number: 120 times / m) for both vertical and horizontal fibers (for both vertical and horizontal, 15 Book / inch) to 100 g of PTFE aqueous dispersion (trade name: AD-1, manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd., concentration 60%), blocked polyisocyanate aqueous dispersion (trade name: Prominate XC945, manufactured by Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) , Concentration 39%) 20 g and phenol novolak epoxy compound aqueous dispersion (trade name: EM125, manufactured by Nagase Kasei Co., Ltd., concentration 25%) are added and blended in a processing agent A, which is repeatedly immersed and squeezed, and the resin content is made into fiber The amount described in Table 1 for weight comparison was adhered, dried at 140 ° C., and then heat treated at 190 ° C. for 2 minutes.
[0027]
Next, using this scrim as a base fabric, a meta-aramid fiber (trade name: Conex, manufactured by Teijin Ltd.) with mechanical crimps on both sides of the cut cotton having a single yarn fineness of 2 denier and a fiber length of 76 mm The felt was arranged so as to have a basis weight of 500 g / m 2 and needle punching was performed to produce a felt integrated with the base fabric.
[0028]
Next, this felt was immersed and squeezed in an aqueous dispersion of feathered alumina sol (trade name: AS-200, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Co., Ltd., concentration 10%), dried at 150 ° C., and then at 200 ° C. Heat treatment was performed, and feathery alumina was deposited in an amount shown in Table 1 with respect to the fiber weight. Next, PTFE aqueous dispersion (trade name: AD-1, manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd., concentration 60%) is added to 85 parts by weight of a fluorinated urethane compound aqueous dispersion (trade name: AG3001, manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd., concentration 20%) 255. It was immersed in processing agent B mixed with parts by weight and diluted with 415 parts by weight of water, squeezed, dried at 150 ° C., and subsequently heat-treated at 200 ° C. to adhere the amounts shown in Table 1 to the fiber weight. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0029]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003678476
[0030]
[Examples 9 to 12, Comparative Examples 4 to 6]
A meta-aramid fiber (trade name: Conex, manufactured by Teijin Ltd.) on which both sides of the same base fabric as used in Example 1 were heat-set at 260 ° C. and then subjected to relaxation heat treatment at 310 ° C. to express three-dimensional crimps. Then, a cut cotton having a single yarn fineness of 2 denier and a fiber length of 76 mm was arranged so as to have a basis weight of 500 g / m 2 , needle punching was performed, and a felt integrated with the base fabric was produced.
[0031]
Next, the felt was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 to deposit the feathery alumina sol and the processing agent B in the amounts shown in Table 2 with respect to the fiber weight. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0032]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003678476
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
The acid-resistant filter of the present invention exhibits excellent heat resistance, chemical resistance, durability, etc. even in a severer high-temperature acidic atmosphere, so fine particles in exhaust gas such as municipal waste incinerator exhaust gas and factory exhaust gas can be removed. It can be suitably used for a bag filter or the like to be collected.

Claims (6)

基布にフェルトが一体成型されてなるフィルターにおいて、基布が、フッ素系樹脂にブロックドポリイソシアネート化合物及びフェノールノボラック化合物を配合した加工剤Aで処理された基布であり、基布と一体成型されたフェルトが、無機微粒子、次いでフッ素系樹脂にフッ素化ウレタン化合物を配合した加工剤Bで処理されてなることを特徴とする耐酸性フィルター。In a filter in which felt is integrally molded with a base fabric, the base fabric is a base fabric treated with a processing agent A in which a blocked polyisocyanate compound and a phenol novolac compound are blended with a fluorine resin, and is integrally molded with the base fabric. An acid-resistant filter, wherein the felt is treated with inorganic fine particles, and then with a processing agent B in which a fluorinated urethane compound is blended with a fluororesin. 無機微粒子がアルミナである請求項1記載の耐酸性フィルター。The acid-resistant filter according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic fine particles are alumina. アルミナが羽毛状アルミナである請求項2記載の耐酸性フィルター。The acid-resistant filter according to claim 2, wherein the alumina is feathery alumina. 基布がメタ型アラミド繊維からなる請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の耐酸性フィルター。The acid resistant filter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the base fabric is made of a meta-type aramid fiber. フェルトがメタ型アラミド繊維からなる請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の耐酸性フィルター。The acid-resistant filter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the felt is made of a meta-aramid fiber. メタ型アラミド繊維が立体捲縮繊維である請求項5記載の耐酸性フィルター。The acid-resistant filter according to claim 5, wherein the meta-type aramid fiber is a three-dimensional crimped fiber.
JP28044795A 1995-08-31 1995-10-27 Acid resistant filter Expired - Fee Related JP3678476B2 (en)

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