JP3679103B2 - Greening system - Google Patents
Greening system Download PDFInfo
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- JP3679103B2 JP3679103B2 JP2003396680A JP2003396680A JP3679103B2 JP 3679103 B2 JP3679103 B2 JP 3679103B2 JP 2003396680 A JP2003396680 A JP 2003396680A JP 2003396680 A JP2003396680 A JP 2003396680A JP 3679103 B2 JP3679103 B2 JP 3679103B2
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- water
- layer
- drainage
- greening system
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/254—Roof garden systems; Roof coverings with high solar reflectance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/32—Roof garden systems
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Description
本発明は、ビルの屋上の緑化などに利用される緑化システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a greening system used for greening a rooftop of a building.
近年、地球温暖化防止やヒートアイランド現象緩和などの環境の観点から、ビルの屋上や一般家庭の屋上などに緑化システムを設けることが行われている。ビルの屋上などに利用可能な緑化システムとしては、例えば、防水シートの上に、保水性を有する緑化用マットを敷設し、その上に土壌を敷いたものがある(特許文献1)。 In recent years, from the viewpoint of the environment such as prevention of global warming and mitigation of the heat island phenomenon, a greening system has been provided on the rooftop of a building or the rooftop of a general household. As a greening system that can be used on the rooftop of a building, for example, there is a system in which a water-retaining greening mat is laid on a waterproof sheet, and soil is laid thereon (Patent Document 1).
ビルの屋上の緑化システムとしては、適度な保水性を有するとともに、適度な排水性が必要である。すなわち、植物を育てる以上、ある程度の水を保有する必要があるが、過剰な水を保有すると、土壌の栄養素がその水に溶出してしまったり、また緑化システムが重くなったりするので、好ましくなく適度な排水性が必要である。しかしながら、特許文献1に記載された緑化システムは、保水性に優れた緑化用マットを用いているため、適度な排水を行うことができない。一方、排水用の穴を設けるなどして排水性を向上させている緑化システムもあるが、このように穴を設けると過度な排水を招き、軽量土壌が流出し、ドレインなどを詰まらせてしまうという問題がある。 As a greening system on the roof of a building, it has an appropriate water retention and appropriate drainage. In other words, as long as plants are grown, it is necessary to retain a certain amount of water, but if excessive water is retained, soil nutrients will be eluted into the water and the greening system will become heavy. Appropriate drainage is required. However, since the greening system described in Patent Document 1 uses a mat for greening that has excellent water retention, it cannot perform proper drainage. On the other hand, there is a greening system that improves drainage by providing a hole for drainage, but if such a hole is provided, excessive drainage is caused, and light soil flows out and clogs the drain etc. There is a problem.
また、ビルの屋上の緑化システムは、断熱性にも優れている必要がある。すなわち、従来の緑化システムは、特許文献1に示すようにビルの屋上のコンクリートに直接又は防水シートなど上に緑化用マットを敷設しているので、ビルの熱が緑化用マットに伝わり、保水された水の温度が上昇し、植物の育成に影響を与えてしまう。逆に、ビルの屋上の緑化システムには、太陽光が直射するため、夏場など高温になり、その熱がビルに伝わるという問題もある。 In addition, the greening system on the roof of the building needs to be excellent in heat insulation. That is, in the conventional greening system, as shown in Patent Document 1, the greening mat is laid directly on the rooftop concrete of the building or on a waterproof sheet, etc., so that the heat of the building is transmitted to the greening mat and water is retained. The temperature of the water rises and affects plant growth. On the other hand, the rooftop greening system of the building has a problem that the sunlight is directly applied, so that the temperature becomes high in summer and the heat is transmitted to the building.
そこで、本発明は、適度な保水性を有するとともに、適度な排水性を確保し、さらに断熱性に優れた緑化システムを提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a greening system that has appropriate water retention, secures appropriate drainage, and is excellent in heat insulation.
以上の目的を達成するため、本発明は、排水性素材で構成された排水層と、該排水層の上に施設され空気層と、該空気層の上に、保水性素材で構成された保水ブロック体が面内方向に複数敷設され、各保水ブロック体の間には、前記排水性素材で構成された目地材が設けられている保水層と、を備えたことを特徴とする緑化システムである。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a drainage layer composed of a drainage material, an air layer installed on the drainage layer, and a water retention material composed of a water retention material on the air layer. A greening system comprising: a plurality of block bodies laid in an in-plane direction, and a water retention layer provided with a joint material composed of the drainage material between each water retention block body. is there.
以上のように本発明に係る緑化システムによれば、最上層に保水性素材で構成された保水ブロック体を施設したので、適度な保水性を確保することができ、またその保水ブロック体の間には、排水性素材で構成された目地材が設けて、クッション層を介して排水性素材で構成された排水層を設けたので、目地材を介して排水層に水を排水させて、適度な排水を行うことができる。また、保水層と排水層の間には、空気層を設けており、保水層と排水層の熱が空気を介して伝わるので、断熱効果を向上させることができる。 As described above, according to the tree planting system according to the present invention, since the water retaining block body made of the water retaining material is provided in the uppermost layer, it is possible to ensure an appropriate water retaining capacity, and between the water retaining block bodies. Since the joint material made of drainage material is provided and the drainage layer made of drainage material is provided through the cushion layer, the drainage layer is drained through the joint material, Can be drained. In addition, an air layer is provided between the water retention layer and the drainage layer, and heat of the water retention layer and the drainage layer is transmitted through the air, so that the heat insulation effect can be improved.
前記排水性素材は、排水性に優れた素材であって、面内方向の透水性に優れていることが好ましく、ポリエステル繊維を主原料とする不織布であることが好ましい。例えば面内方向の透水量が、3×10−1〜8×10−1cm3/sec/cmであることが好ましい。ここで、面内方向とは、平面方向のことをいい、面内方向の透水量は、ジオテキスタイルの面内方向透水性能試験方法(日本工業規格案、試料長30cm、試料幅10cm、測定時間60秒間、上載圧2kPa、動水勾配0.2)に基づいて測定した。この排水性素材は、排水層として使用する場合、透水性に優れた面内方向を水平方向にして設け、保水層の目地材として使用する場合、透水性に優れた面内方向を縦に立てて設けることが好ましい。 The drainage material is a material excellent in drainage, preferably excellent in water permeability in the in-plane direction, and preferably a nonwoven fabric mainly made of polyester fiber. For example, the amount of water permeation in the in-plane direction is preferably 3 × 10 −1 to 8 × 10 −1 cm 3 / sec / cm. Here, the in-plane direction refers to the plane direction, and the in-plane direction water permeability is the geotextile in-plane direction water permeability performance test method (Japanese Industrial Standard Draft, sample length 30 cm, sample width 10 cm, measurement time 60 Second, the measurement was performed based on an upper pressure of 2 kPa and a dynamic water gradient of 0.2). When used as a drainage layer, this drainage material is provided with the in-plane direction with excellent water permeability set in the horizontal direction, and when used as a joint material for the water retention layer, the in-plane direction with excellent water permeability is set up vertically. It is preferable to provide them.
前記保水性素材は、保水性に優れた素材であって、例えば保水量(体積に対する保水量)が、20〜35%であることが好ましく、ガラスを主原料とする発泡材であることが好ましい。また、この保水性素材には、断熱性を有することが好ましい。 The water retention material is a material excellent in water retention, and for example, the water retention amount (water retention amount relative to the volume) is preferably 20 to 35%, and is preferably a foamed material mainly made of glass. . Moreover, it is preferable that this water retention material has heat insulation.
また、前記空気層は、ポリプロピレンを主原料とし、空隙率85〜95%である素材から構成されていることが好ましく、また立体網目状又はすだれ状の構造であることが好ましい。このように立体網目状又はすだれ状の構造にしたり、空隙率を多くすることによって、クッション性を向上させることができ、その上に敷設される保水ブロックなどを守ることができる。ここで、すだれ状とは、細い円筒材が面内方向に連結された状態をいう。立体網目状にした場合、ポーラス素材で構成することがさらに好ましい。 In addition, the air layer is preferably made of a material whose main raw material is polypropylene and having a porosity of 85 to 95%, and preferably has a three-dimensional network or interdigital structure. Thus, by using a three-dimensional network or interdigital structure or increasing the porosity, cushioning properties can be improved, and a water retaining block or the like laid thereon can be protected. Here, the interdigital shape means a state in which thin cylindrical materials are connected in the in-plane direction. In the case of a three-dimensional network, it is more preferable to use a porous material.
本発明に係る緑化システムにおいて、前記保水層の上に土流出防止シートがさらに敷設されていることが好ましく、排水層の下に防根シートがさらに敷設されていることが好ましい。 In the greening system according to the present invention, it is preferable that a soil outflow prevention sheet is further laid on the water retention layer, and it is preferable that a root prevention sheet is further laid below the drainage layer.
以上のように本発明に係る緑化システムによれば、適度な保水性を有するとともに、適度な排水性を確保し、さらに断熱性に優れた緑化システムを提供することができる。 As described above, according to the greening system according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a greening system that has appropriate water retention, secures proper drainage, and is excellent in heat insulation.
次に、本発明に係る緑化システムの実施例について図面に基づいて説明する。図1は、本実施例に係る緑化システムを利用した屋上緑化の斜視図であり、図2は、その断面図である。本実施例に係る緑化システムは、排水性に優れた排水層10と、排水層10の上に施設された空気層12と、空気層12の上に敷設された保水層14と、排水層10の下に敷設された防根シート15と、保水層14の上に敷設された土流出防止シート16と、を備えており、土流出防止シート16の上に土壌を敷設することによって利用されている。 Next, an embodiment of a greening system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of rooftop greening using the greening system according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view thereof. The greening system according to the present embodiment includes a drainage layer 10 having excellent drainage, an air layer 12 provided on the drainage layer 10, a water retention layer 14 laid on the air layer 12, and a drainage layer 10. And a soil spill prevention sheet 16 laid on the water retention layer 14, and is used by laying soil on the soil spill prevention sheet 16. Yes.
排水層10は、特に面内方向の排水性に優れた排水性素材、例えばポリエステル繊維を主原料とする不織布((株)清水フェルト工業製、商品名:プロテクター法面)で構成されている。この排水性素材は、面内方向の透水性が優れており、この面内方向が水平になるように設置される。本実施例においては、この排水性素材と防根シート15を別個に構成したが、例えば排水性素材の裏面に防根シート15を張り付けるようにして構成しても良い。また、空気層12は、空隙率が85〜95%の素材、例えば、ポリプロピレン系非耐圧型立体網目状のポーラス素材から構成されている。この空気層12は、保水層14などが積層された際に厚さが2〜3mm程度になることが好ましい。 The drainage layer 10 is composed of a drainage material that is particularly excellent in drainage in the in-plane direction, for example, a nonwoven fabric (manufactured by Shimizu Felt Kogyo Co., Ltd., trade name: protector slope) made mainly of polyester fiber. This drainage material has excellent water permeability in the in-plane direction, and is installed so that the in-plane direction is horizontal. In this embodiment, the drainage material and the root prevention sheet 15 are configured separately. However, for example, the root protection sheet 15 may be attached to the back surface of the drainage material. The air layer 12 is made of a material having a porosity of 85 to 95%, for example, a polypropylene-based non-pressure-resistant three-dimensional porous material. The air layer 12 preferably has a thickness of about 2 to 3 mm when the water retaining layer 14 and the like are laminated.
保水層14は、図3に示すように保水ブロック体18を面内方向に複数敷設され、各保水ブロック体18の間を目地材20によって埋めることによって構成されている。保水ブロック体18は、平面正方形状に形成されており、保水性素材、例えばガラスを主原料とする発泡材((有)壱水陶苑製、商品名:サーマルライト)で構成されている。また、目地材20は、排水層10と同様の素材で構成されており、縦方向の排水性が向上するように面内方向を縦に立てて各保水ブロック体18の間に配置される。防根シート15は、一般的に使用されているもので良い。また、土流出防止シート16は、一般的に使用されているものでも良く、例えば天然繊維100%で構成されているものや、天然繊維あるケナフ50%と化学繊維であるポリエチレン50%から構成されているものなどがある。 As shown in FIG. 3, the water retention layer 14 is constructed by laying a plurality of water retention block bodies 18 in the in-plane direction and filling between the water retention block bodies 18 with joint materials 20. The water-retaining block body 18 is formed in a planar square shape, and is composed of a water-retaining material, for example, a foam material made mainly of glass (manufactured by Suisui Toen, trade name: thermal light). Moreover, the joint material 20 is comprised with the raw material similar to the drainage layer 10, and is arrange | positioned between each water retention block bodies 18 upright in the in-plane direction so that the drainage property of a vertical direction may improve. The root prevention sheet 15 may be a commonly used one. Moreover, the soil runoff prevention sheet 16 may be a generally used one, for example, composed of 100% natural fiber, or 50% natural fiber kenaf and 50% chemical fiber polyethylene. There are things that are.
本発明に係る緑化システムを施工する際には、先ず、図1に示すように防根シート15をコンクリートの上に敷設し、その上に排水層10を敷設する。次に、敷設された排水層10上にその縁に沿ってブロック22によって外枠を作り、その中に空気層12を敷設し、さらにその上に保水ブロック体18を面内方向に複数敷設し、その間に目地材20を敷設する。この保水ブロック体18と目地材20によって構成される保水層14の上に土流出防止シート16を敷設し、その上に土壌24を敷設することによって完成する。 When constructing the greening system according to the present invention, first, as shown in FIG. 1, a root-proof sheet 15 is laid on concrete, and a drainage layer 10 is laid thereon. Next, an outer frame is formed on the drainage layer 10 laid along the edge by the block 22, the air layer 12 is laid therein, and a plurality of water retaining block bodies 18 are laid in the in-plane direction thereon. In the meantime, the joint material 20 is laid. A soil outflow prevention sheet 16 is laid on the water retention layer 14 constituted by the water retention block 18 and the joint material 20, and the soil 24 is laid thereon.
10 排水層
12 空気層
14 保水層
16 土流出防止シート
18 保水ブロック体
20 目地材
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Drainage layer 12 Air layer 14 Water retention layer 16 Soil outflow prevention sheet 18 Water retention block body 20 Joint material
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003396680A JP3679103B2 (en) | 2003-11-27 | 2003-11-27 | Greening system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003396680A JP3679103B2 (en) | 2003-11-27 | 2003-11-27 | Greening system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2005151893A JP2005151893A (en) | 2005-06-16 |
| JP3679103B2 true JP3679103B2 (en) | 2005-08-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003396680A Expired - Fee Related JP3679103B2 (en) | 2003-11-27 | 2003-11-27 | Greening system |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP3679103B2 (en) |
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| JP2005151893A (en) | 2005-06-16 |
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