JP4475962B2 - Drainage mat for planting and planting structure using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention improves the drainage mat for planting to prevent the outflow of soil and promote drainage by laying on the bottom of flower beds and vegetable gardens. More specifically, the present invention has durability against soil pressure of the soil to be filled. In addition, the present invention relates to a drainage mat for planting having a reliable drainage function and a planting structure using the same, which has excellent surface robustness and hardly clogs.

  As is well known, in recent years, the “heat island phenomenon (which refers to thermal air pollution caused by excessive progress of artificialization in the city of increased artificial exhaust heat, increased artificial covering and loss of natural space)” is an environmental problem. As a countermeasure against this, greening campaigns such as installing flower beds on the rooftop of buildings are actively being implemented as measures against health effects such as heat stroke and increased carbon dioxide emissions.

  By the way, in such flower beds and planters and flower pots used in vegetable gardens etc. used in ordinary households, drain mats are usually laid on the bottom, draining excess water when submerged and filling culture soil Is prevented (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

However, in such a drainage mat, the drainage efficiency is remarkably reduced by compressing and crushing due to the dead weight of the soil filled in the planter, and further, the surface of the drainage mat is clogged by the soil. There is a risk that.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-127916 (page 1-2, FIG. 1)

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems with conventional drainage mats, has durability against earth pressure of the filled soil, and has an excellent surface robustness. Therefore, it is a technical problem to provide a drainage mat for planting that has a reliable drainage function and is less likely to be clogged.

  Moreover, this invention makes it a technical subject to provide the planting structure using the drainage mat for planting provided with the reliable drainage function.

  Means employed by the present inventor for solving the above-described problems will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

That is, the present invention is a mat member 1 for laying on the bottom surface in the planter in a planting planter or a flower pot used for a flower bed or a vegetable garden,
This mat member 1 is made of synthetic resin fibers as a material, and is formed by overlapping layers of nonwoven fabrics having different fiber thickness, porosity, and density,
A robust protective layer 2 made of a nonwoven fabric having a fiber thickness of about 4 to 5 Dtex, a density of 30 to 50 kg / m ³ , and a porosity of 90% or more;
A non-woven fabric having a thickness of 1 to 5 mm made of synthetic resin fibers having a fiber thickness in the range of about 4 to 100 Dtex and having a density of about 30 to 80 kg / m ³ was cut into scaly pieces of 10 cm ² or less. A filter layer 3 formed by randomly laminating pieces 31.
And at least a bottom support layer 4 made of a non-woven fabric made of synthetic resin fibers having a fiber thickness in the range of about 4 to 100 Dtex,
The pieces 31, 31... Constituting the filter layer 3 are sandwiched and bonded in a sandwich shape between the robust protective layer 2 and the bottom support layer 4, and a settling against a pressure of 70 g / cm ² is applied as a compressive strength. The drainage mat for planting was completed by adopting the technical means of imparting elasticity such that the displacement is within 10% of the initial thickness.

  Further, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention, in addition to the above means, if necessary, the non-woven fabric of the bottom support layer 4 gradually increases in fiber thickness from the upper surface to the lower surface and has a sparse density. The technical means of having a density gradient to become was adopted.

  Moreover, in order to solve the said subject, this invention employ | adopted the technical means of adhere | attaching and integrating the fibers of each layer by heat fusion in addition to the said means as needed.

  Furthermore, in order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention employs technical means of using synthetic resin fiber materials as polyester fibers in addition to the above means as necessary.

  Furthermore, in order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention employs technical means for coating the surface of the mat member 1 with the acrylic resin coating film 5 in addition to the above means as necessary.

Further, in the present invention, at least in the region surrounded by the retaining wall member 6,
A robust protective layer 2 made of a nonwoven fabric having a fiber thickness of about 4 to 5 Dtex, a density of 30 to 50 kg / m ³ , and a porosity of 90% or more;
A non-woven fabric having a thickness of 1 to 5 mm made of synthetic resin fibers having a fiber thickness in the range of about 4 to 100 Dtex and having a density of about 30 to 80 kg / m ³ was cut into scaly pieces of 10 cm ² or less. A filter layer 3 formed by randomly laminating pieces 31.
And a bottom support layer 4 made of a nonwoven fabric made of synthetic resin fibers having a fiber thickness in the range of about 4 to 100 Dtex,
The pieces 31, 31... Constituting the filter layer 3 are sandwiched and bonded in a sandwich shape between the robust protective layer 2 and the bottom support layer 4, and the compression strength is 70 g / cm ² . A drainage mat 1 for planting, which is provided with elasticity so that the displacement of the sink relative to the initial thickness is within 10% of the initial thickness, is laid with the protective layer 2 as an upper surface, The planting structure using the drainage mat for planting was completed by adopting the technical means that the upper portion was filled with the soil S.

  Further, in order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a technical means in which the retaining wall member 6 is formed by increasing the thickness from the head to the leg in addition to the above-described means as necessary. It was adopted.

  In the drainage mat for planting according to the present invention, the layers made of non-woven fabrics having different fiber thicknesses are overlapped so that the layers made of fibers having a large fiber thickness have excellent shape stability. In addition, since it has sufficient rigidity, it has durability against earth pressure, and is difficult to break even if it is accidentally struck with a scissors or the like. And since the surface is excellent in robustness, it is hard to raise | generate clogging and can exhibit a reliable drainage function.

  In addition, it is possible to construct a planting structure having a reliable drainage function by laying such a drainage mat for planting on the bottom surface of a roadside tree block such as a median strip of a road. The above utility value is very high.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the figure, what is indicated by reference numeral 1 is a drainage mat. The drainage mat 1 is made of a synthetic resin fiber used as a material, and layers of nonwoven fabrics having different fiber thicknesses, void ratios, and densities, which will be described below, are stacked. Is formed. In addition, the following nonwoven fabrics are produced by a conventional needle punch method.

What is indicated by reference numeral 2 is a fastness protection layer, and this fastness protection layer 2 is made of synthetic resin fibers (polyester fibers in this embodiment) having a fiber thickness of about 4 to 5 Dtex, and has a density of 30. It consists of a non-woven fabric having a porosity of 90% or more at ˜50 kg / m ³ .

Also, what is indicated by reference numeral 3 is a filter layer, and this filter layer 3 is made of synthetic resin (polyester) fibers having a fiber thickness within a range of about 4 to 100 Dtex, and a density of about 30 to 80 kg / m. ³ is formed by randomly laminating pieces 31, 31..., Cut into pieces of 10 cm ² or less into pieces in a scale of 1 to 5 mm in thickness.

  Furthermore, what is indicated by reference numeral 4 is a bottom support layer, and this bottom support layer 4 is made of synthetic resin (polyester) fibers having a fiber thickness in the range of about 4 to 100 Dtex. And, the fiber thickness increases gradually from the upper surface to the lower surface, and it is made of a non-woven fabric having a density gradient that becomes sparse, and the porosity can be increased from the upper surface to the lower surface. To improve.

  Thus, the drainage mat of the present embodiment is for laying on the bottom surface of the planter in planting planters and flower pots used for flower beds, vegetable gardens, etc. .. Are sandwiched between the layer 2 and the bottom support layer 4 in a sandwich shape and bonded. In the present embodiment, the fibers of each layer are bonded and integrated by thermal fusion. Although the acrylic resin coating 5 can be coated to protect the surface of the mat member 1, it does not affect the drainage function.

  The configuration and specifications of the whole and each layer in this embodiment product are as shown in the following [Table 1].

[Table 1]
Material Fiber thickness (Dtex) Weight (g / m ³ )
Fastness protection layer 2 Polyester 4.4 100
Filter layer 3 Polyester 4.4-90 600
Bottom support layer 4 Polyester 4.4 to 90 600
Acrylic resin coating 5 Acrylic resin 50

Total weight 1350 (g / m ³ ), thickness 20 (mm), density 67.5 (kg / m ³ )

In the present embodiment, the initial displacement of the mat member 1 with respect to the initial thickness of the mat member 1 with respect to a compressive strength of 70 g / cm ² as a compressive strength (calculated as an average soil density of 2.6 to 2.8 g / cm ³ ) Elasticity was given to be within 10% of the thickness. As shown in FIG. 2, using this embodiment product, in order to prove the form stability of the drainage mat, the measured value when about two months have passed after filling the culture soil S is as follows [Table 2 ] As shown.

[Table 2]
Amount of soil (mm) Initial thickness (mm) Thickness after time (mm) Deformation rate (%)
Conventional product 300 25 15 60
Embodiment product 300 24 23 95.8

  In the present embodiment, at least in the region surrounded by the retaining wall member 6, the drainage mat 1 is laid on the bottom surface with the protective layer as the top surface, and the soil S is filled on the top of the mat. The planting structure using the drainage mat for planting can be comprised.

  At this time, the retaining wall plate 6 is formed by gradually increasing the thickness from the head to the leg, thereby providing resistance to earth pressure and stabilizing the planter. As shown in FIG. 3, for example, it can be employed in a tree planting zone disposed in a median strip of a road.

  The present invention is generally configured as described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the description of “Claims”. The synthetic resin material used for producing the non-woven fabric is not limited to polyester, but may be other synthetic resin materials such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, and polypropylene.

  Further, in the configuration of the filter layer 3, the size of the pieces 31, 31... And the amount and thickness to be overlaid can be appropriately changed, and any of them is within the technical scope of the present invention. Belongs.

It is a disassembled perspective view showing the structure of the mat member of the embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory sectional drawing showing the use condition of embodiment goods of this invention. It is a perspective view showing the planting structure using the drainage mat member of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Matt Member 2 Robust Protective Layer 3 Filter Layer
31 Fragment 4 Bottom support layer 5 Acrylic resin coating 6 Retaining wall member

Claims (7)

In planting planters and flower pots used for flower beds, vegetable gardens, etc., a mat member 1 for laying on the bottom surface of the planter,
This mat member 1 is made of synthetic resin fibers as a material, and is formed by overlapping layers of nonwoven fabrics having different fiber thickness, porosity, and density,
A robust protective layer 2 made of a nonwoven fabric having a fiber thickness of about 4 to 5 Dtex, a density of 30 to 50 kg / m ³ , and a porosity of 90% or more;
A non-woven fabric having a thickness of 1 to 5 mm made of synthetic resin fibers having a fiber thickness in the range of about 4 to 100 Dtex and having a density of about 30 to 80 kg / m ³ was cut into scaly pieces of 10 cm ² or less. A filter layer 3 formed by randomly laminating pieces 31.
And at least a bottom support layer 4 made of a non-woven fabric made of synthetic resin fibers having a fiber thickness in the range of about 4 to 100 Dtex,
The pieces 31, 31... Constituting the filter layer 3 are sandwiched and bonded in a sandwich shape between the robust protective layer 2 and the bottom support layer 4, and the compression strength is 70 g / cm ² . A drainage mat for planting, which has been provided with elasticity such that the displacement of the sinking is within 10% of the initial thickness.   2. The drainage mat for planting according to claim 1, wherein the nonwoven fabric of the bottom support layer 4 has a density gradient that gradually increases in fiber thickness from the upper surface to the lower surface and becomes sparse.   The drainage mat for planting according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fibers of each layer are bonded and integrated by heat fusion.   The drainage mat for planting according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the synthetic resin fiber material is polyester fiber.   The drainage mat for planting according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an acrylic resin coating film 5 is coated on the surface of the mat member 1. At least in the region surrounded by the retaining wall member 6,
A robust protective layer 2 made of a nonwoven fabric having a fiber thickness of about 4 to 5 Dtex, a density of 30 to 50 kg / m ³ , and a porosity of 90% or more;
A non-woven fabric having a thickness of 1 to 5 mm made of synthetic resin fibers having a fiber thickness in the range of about 4 to 100 Dtex and having a density of about 30 to 80 kg / m ³ was cut into scaly pieces of 10 cm ² or less. A filter layer 3 formed by randomly laminating pieces 31.
And a bottom support layer 4 made of a nonwoven fabric made of synthetic resin fibers having a fiber thickness in the range of about 4 to 100 Dtex,
The pieces 31, 31... Constituting the filter layer 3 are sandwiched and bonded in a sandwich shape between the robust protective layer 2 and the bottom support layer 4, and the compression strength is 70 g / cm ² . A drainage mat 1 for planting, which is provided with elasticity so that the displacement of the sink relative to the initial thickness is within 10% of the initial thickness, is laid with the protective layer 2 as an upper surface, The planting structure using the drainage mat for planting characterized by filling culture medium S in the upper part.   The planting structure using the drainage mat for planting according to claim 6, wherein the retaining wall member 6 is formed to increase in thickness from the head to the leg.

Images