JP3704591B2 - Snow melting / snow removal method on snowy surface - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a snow melting / snow removal method for a snow-covered surface, and more particularly to a roof snow melting / snow removal method. The term “snow cover” as used herein is a concept that includes tiled roofs, tiled rod roofs, planed roofs, other types of roofs, flexible tent roofs, large film-structured dome-shaped roofs, concrete building walls, and road surfaces. is there.
In describing the present invention, for the sake of convenience, a description will be given in connection with snow melting techniques for roofs.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The Applicant has made various studies on roofs and other snow removal using flow regulation tape. Taking Okayama Prefecture, where the applicant is resident, as an example, the Chugoku Mountain Range lies near the border of Tottori Prefecture, and there is a considerable amount of snowfall every year on the south slope of this mountainous area. In the Hokuriku and Tohoku regions, there is a lot of snow in the inland area beyond the mountain from the Japanese side, and it has suffered snow damage due to heavy snowfall for many years.
[0003]
There are various methods for melting snow. For example, a method of installing a heat exchange device on the snow cover surface or the back side of the snow cover surface or flowing snow directly on the roof to melt snow is performed. The object of the technical problem solution of the present invention is for the shortcomings of snow melting technology by running water. The running snow melting technology on the roof is similar to the running snow removal on the road using a large amount of groundwater found in cities in the Tohoku region.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the present invention]
Since running snow removal is a method of predicting the amount of snowfall, obtaining the amount of snow melting required, and specifying the temperature and flow rate of the supplied water corresponding to this, the total amount of water in all cases is extremely large. Since water tends to converge or diverge, there is no recognition that snow melting can be done effectively with a small amount of halfway water, and if there is only a small amount of water available, such flowing snow melting is actually It has been considered impossible. When using groundwater, it is usual that a sufficient amount of water cannot be secured, and the current situation is that the running snowmelt on the roof is not used unexpectedly.
[0005]
If there is insufficient water flowing along the snow surface, a tunnel will be formed below the snow layer and eventually an arched snow bridge will be created. Since the snow forming the snow bridge is relatively sticky, the snow bridge may remain undisrupted, and snow accumulates on the top, losing the snow melting effect.
An object of the present invention is to provide a specific method for performing effective snow removal by providing a reliable snow removal function on the snow-covering surfaces of existing roofs, new roofs, and various structures through simple operations without requiring high capital investment. Is to provide.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve such disadvantages of the prior art, the method of the present invention is arranged in such a way that main flow paths having a small amount of liquid impregnation holding arranged at intervals and small liquid impregnation holding sub-positions located on the sides of these main flow paths are arranged. The main flow path forms an exposed main flow that slides along the flow surface of the liquid-absorbing material, and the sub flow path has a relatively lower flow rate on the side of the main flow than the main flow. Cover the snow-covered surface with a liquid-absorbing material that forms water, impregnate and flow a relatively small amount of heat medium that serves as the priming water for melting snow, and absorb a part of the heat medium that flows into the snow-falling particles. While the sherbet is formed, a large amount of heat medium is intermittently dropped at predetermined time intervals, and the snow sherbet placed on the liquid-absorbing material is forcibly pushed to remove snow.
[0007]
[Action]
The liquid absorbent material forms a parallel flow path with strong and weak flow velocities. The heat medium flows down along the flow path of this arbitrary width. The liquid absorption material is composed of a main flow path with a small amount of liquid impregnation and a side flow path located on the side of the main flow path with a large amount of liquid impregnation, and the side of the main flow of the heat medium flowing down the main flow path. The heat medium flows in a state where the main flow and the sub flow are alternately arranged and the flow direction is regulated.
Since the main flow path has a small amount of liquid impregnation, it forms an exposed main flow that slides along the flow surface along the flow direction of the liquid-absorbing material, and also has a large liquid impregnation capacity (or high liquid absorption with high flow resistance). ) Due to the sub-flow path, a sub-flow having a relatively low flow rate and a lower flow rate than the main flow is formed on the side of the main flow.
Since the main flow path has a faster flow speed than the sub-flow path, channeling to the outside of the liquid absorbent material is less likely to occur. Therefore, there is little possibility that a flow deviating from the liquid absorbing material appears and freezes. The heat medium adhering to the liquid absorbing material spreads in a plane, and a planar heat radiator having a desired amount of heat is formed in the boundary region of the liquid absorbing material.
Snow particles falling on the surface of the liquid-absorbing material absorb a part of the flowing heat medium and become snow sherbet. This snow sherbet is likely to flow down along the flow path together with the heat medium flowing down the main flow path. The main flow flowing down along the main flow path forms an exposed thick main flow that is not trapped by the path at the top of the path, and due to the appearance of a flow of a large amount of heat medium supplied intermittently, the main flow path and Snow sherbet remaining in the secondary flow path is swept along these flow paths and removed from the surface of the liquid absorbent material.
The water that is melted from the snow by the supply of heat is retained by the liquid absorption material, and the heat of this snowmelt water is also used for melting snow, so efficient heat exchange between the heat medium and the snow is possible. Done.
Since the liquid absorption material has a main flow and a side flow on the entire surface, a relatively wide liquid absorption material can be used, and the effective snow melting surface can be expanded as compared with the liquid absorption material of the same width.
[0008]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective explanatory view specifically showing an implementation example of a snow melting / snow removal method for a snowy surface according to the present invention.
Prior to the snow accumulation, the snow accumulation surface 1 is covered with a continuous elongated and flat liquid-absorbing material 2. The liquid absorbing material 2 is arranged at intervals, and a heat medium is caused to flow along the liquid absorbing material. The heat medium is a liquid having a property that serves as a priming water for melting snow, for example, a relatively small amount of warm water such as groundwater. Snow particles absorb the heat medium flowing down along the liquid-absorbing material. If snow particles absorb a part of the heat medium flowing down from the liquid-absorbing material, the white color of the snow disappears and a transparent snow sherbet is formed. Since the specific gravity of the snow sherbet is less than 1, if there is a snow sherbet that floats on the heat medium, the snow sherbet in the floating state can easily flow along the flow path due to the flow velocity of the heat medium.
[0009]
The arrangement interval, width and thickness of the liquid-absorbing material, and the flow rate of the heat medium are selection items.
[0010]
The snow-melting water generated by the heat of the heat medium is held by the liquid-absorbing material 2, and a flat heat storage body that impregnates the falling heat medium and the snow-melting water is formed. Although the snowmelt water has a low temperature but possesses a predetermined amount of heat, this heat is also effectively used. In this way, the flow path of the liquid absorbing material forms a flat radiator, and the snow located above the flow path can be melted.
[0011]
If the amount of snowfall is large and the amount of heat held by the heat medium flowing through the flow path of the liquid-absorbing material 2 is less than the amount of heat necessary for immediate snow melting, the snow accumulates. Since this accumulated snow has a flow path that functions as a flat heat storage radiator, the snow located above this flow path thaws faster than the snow that accumulates on the snow-covered surface that is out of the liquid-absorbing material. A remarkable uneven surface is formed on the surface of snow. By the appearance of the uneven surface, the exposed surface area of the snow cover layer can be expanded to promote snow melting by the outside air temperature or direct solar radiation, and by the heat transferred from the liquid absorbing material to the snow cover surface.
[0012]
The relatively small amount of the heat medium is supplied continuously or intermittently. In the case of intermittent supply, it is possible to vary the supply pressure so that a pulse wave is generated in the heat medium flowing down along the flow path. Such intermittent supply may increase the efficiency of snow sherbet transport.
[0013]
In addition to the above-described heat medium or after the supply of the heat medium is stopped, an operation of flowing a large amount of heat medium is performed for a predetermined relatively short time, for example, for several minutes to several tens of minutes. Specifically, after flowing a relatively small amount of heat medium for 30 minutes, a large amount of heat medium is allowed to flow for 3 minutes through the same supply piping system or a separately prepared piping system. The snow sherbet remaining on the formed main flow path and the sub-flow path is forcibly washed away with this large amount of heat medium. When well water is used for a relatively small amount of heat medium, tap water can be used for a large amount of heat medium. The temperature, type, and flow rate of the heat medium are selection items.
[0014]
In the above-described method, as a countermeasure when a considerable amount of snow has already accumulated on the snow surface in the initial stage of operation, or when a large amount of snow has accumulated due to a fault in the piping system or an operator's error, as much as possible. At an early time, that is, when the degree of snow compaction is relatively slight, a relatively small amount of high temperature water of 40 ° C. or higher is supplied to the surface of the liquid absorbent material, and the liquid absorbent material is used as a high temperature radiator. It is desirable to advance snow melting rapidly.
[0015]
FIG. 2 is a perspective explanatory view showing a specific example of the liquid-absorbing material used in FIG. The liquid-absorbing material 2 shown in the figure includes a main flow path 4 with a small liquid impregnation holding amount and a sub-flow path 5 with a large liquid impregnation holding amount located on both sides of the main flow path 4. If a step as shown in the figure is provided between both path portions, a higher leveling effect can be obtained.
In the example shown in the drawing, the main flow path 4 is thin and forms a main flow in which a large amount of heat medium that cannot be fully impregnated flows down while sliding on the surface of the path. The sub-flow path with a large liquid impregnation holding amount disposed on both sides of the main flow contains more heat medium than the main flow path, and a slow sub-flow with a relatively low flow rate is formed along this sub-flow path. The main flow and the sub flow of the heat medium are located adjacent to each other and flow down along the entire surface of the liquid absorbing material.
[0016]
FIG. 3 is a perspective explanatory view showing a modified example of the liquid absorbing material. The liquid-absorbing material 2 shown in the figure includes a main flow path 4 with a small liquid impregnation holding amount and a sub-flow path 5 with a large liquid impregnation holding amount located at the side of the main flow path 4. Therefore, the main flow path 4 forms a main flow of the heat medium along the flow direction of the liquid-absorbing material, and a slow flow with a relatively low flow rate is formed on the side of the main flow. The main flow and the sub flow of the heat medium are located adjacent to each other and flow down in a regulated state along the entire surface of the liquid absorbing material.
An electric heating element can be incorporated in advance in the above-described flow-down path as auxiliary heating means.
[0017]
At least a part of the flow path of the liquid absorbing material can be covered and kept warm by the hydrophobic material 3 along the moving direction of the heat medium. A hollow pipe passage portion 6 is provided in the portion covered with the hydrophobic material, and even if the liquid absorbing material freezes, the ice can be defrosted by the heat medium flowing through the pipe passage portion 6.
The liquid-absorbing material can be composed of a liquid-absorbing surface layer and a base material layer. The liquid-absorbing material can be attached to the snow-covered surface with an adhesive applied to the surface of the base material layer. In addition, this base material layer is made of a plastic having excellent thermal conductivity, for example, containing a large amount of iron powder, so that it adheres to an adherend surface made of a magnetic material having a high magnetic permeability by a magnetic action. Or it can comprise a rubber magnet. In addition, you may fix a water absorption raw material so that it may not slip | deviate with respect to a snowy surface using arbitrary fixing means.
[0018]
The flow-down path is a pair of a main flow-down path and a sub-flow-down path on the side thereof, and these flow paths are arranged adjacent to each other to form a horizontal continuous flow-down path. For example, the pair of flow paths can be formed as independent tape strips, and each of the tape strips can be connected by an arbitrary material, for example, a base layer of a pressure sensitive adhesive.
2 and 3, reference numeral 7 indicates a base material layer. The substrate layer can be formed from a layer of pressure sensitive adhesive. If it is a metal material that can corrode the lower ground, it is preferable that the base material layer functions as a waterproof layer.
[0019]
A wide variety of materials / structures described below can be used as the liquid absorbing material.
The main flow path is composed of lyophilic fibers, for example, water-absorbing fibers such as vinylon, or a composite fiber composed of vinylon and tetron, and the secondary flow path is composed of lyophobic fibers such as tetron. Cloth, non-woven fabric or knitted fabric can be used. In addition, an arbitrary weaving method can be employed, such as a plain weaving path for the main flow path and a twill weaving with a large amount of fiber used for the sub-flow path. The flow path inferior in liquid absorbency is not necessarily a portion using lyophobic fibers, and includes a flow path inferior in liquid absorbency using lyophilic fibers. Even if lyophilic fibers are used, it can be said that the flow path is inferior in liquid absorbency if the spot absorbability is inferior to that of the lyophobic fiber. The liquid absorbability can be adjusted to some extent by changing the tension of the fiber.
[0020]
The woven fabric is composed of a woven fabric woven using lyophobic warp and weft, and in addition to the warp of the woven fabric, a dense portion of lyophilic warp is woven in a streak shape to make the lyophobic A portion which becomes a main main flow path where lyophilic warp yarns are densely adjacent can be provided adjacent to the portion of the woven fabric material.
[0021]
In addition, the non-woven fabric can be provided with a dense portion of lyophobic fibers serving as a secondary flow path adjacent to a side portion of a dense portion of lyophilic fibers serving as a primary flow path.
[0022]
Further, the woven fabric is composed of a woven fabric woven using lyophilic warp and weft, and in addition to the warp of this woven fabric, a lyophobic warp of a lyophobic warp that forms a secondary flow path on the side. A dense portion may be woven, and a lyophilic woven fabric portion and a lyophobic warp dense portion may be provided adjacent to each other.
[0023]
Alternatively, the woven fabric is composed of a woven fabric woven using lyophilic warp, and in addition to the warp of the woven fabric, a liquid-retaining warp having a higher liquid absorbency than the fabric warp. The dense portions can be woven in a streak shape, and the portion of the lyophilic woven fabric that becomes the secondary flow path and the dense portion of the liquid-retaining warp that becomes the main flow path can be provided adjacent to each other.
[0024]
Further, the woven fabric is composed of a woven fabric woven using lyophilic warp, and in addition to the warp of the woven fabric, a dense portion of the lyophilic warp having a diameter larger than that of the fabric warp. The portion of the lyophilic woven fabric that becomes a secondary flow path and the dense portion of the lyophilic warp of the large diameter that becomes the main flow path can be provided adjacent to each other.
[0025]
The woven fabric is composed of a woven fabric woven using lyophobic warp, and in addition to the warp of the woven fabric, a dense portion of the lyophobic warp having a diameter larger than the fabric warp is streaked. It is also possible to form a dense main flow path of the lyophobic warp yarns having a large diameter adjacent to the portion of the lyophobic woven fabric that is woven into a shape and forms a secondary flow path.
[0026]
Unlike the above-described structure, the liquid-absorbing material includes a base layer and any other liquid-absorbing material adhered to the base layer, for example, the main flow path of the powder coating layer, and the main flow path. It can be comprised from the powder coating layer inferior to the liquid absorptivity arrange | positioned at the side part of the path | route.
[0027]
The liquid-absorbing material can be composed of a sprayed powder coating layer adhered to the roof surface.
[0028]
Apart from this method, the liquid-absorbing material is composed of a base layer that is inferior in liquid absorbability and a portion of rough fine irregular surfaces rich in liquid absorbency formed by processing the surface of this base layer. The surface portion of the substrate layer that is inferior to the above forms a secondary flow path, and the uneven surface portion rich in liquid absorbency forms the primary flow path.
[0029]
Alternatively, the liquid-absorbing material is a mixture of both lyophilic fibers and lyophobic fibers, and the portion corresponding to the main flow path is more lyophilic than the portion corresponding to the sub-flow path adjacent thereto. It can also be configured such that the ratio of the functional fibers is high.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory perspective view showing a situation when a snow melting / snow removal method for a snowy surface according to the present invention is carried out.
FIG. 2 is a perspective explanatory view showing a configuration example of a liquid absorbing material.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory perspective view showing a modified example of the liquid absorbing material.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Snow cover surface 2 Liquid absorption material 3 Hydrophobic material 4 Main flow path 5 Subflow path 6 Piping passage part 7 Base material layer

Claims (3)

  It has a main flow path with a small liquid impregnation holding amount arranged at intervals and a sub-flow path with a large liquid impregnation holding position located on the side of these main flow paths, and the main flow path flows down the liquid-absorbing material. Cover the snow-covered surface with a liquid-absorbing material that forms an exposed main stream that slides along the path surface along the direction, and a sub-flow path forms a side flow with a relatively lower flow rate than the main stream on the side of the main stream. A liquid material is impregnated with a heat medium and a part of the heat medium flowing into the snow particles is absorbed to form a snow sherbet. On the other hand, a large amount of heat medium is allowed to flow intermittently at predetermined intervals. A method for melting / removing snow on the snow surface, which removes snow by forcing the snow sherbet on the liquid material.   The snow melting / snow removal method for a snow surface according to claim 1, wherein the liquid-absorbing material includes a base material layer on a side in contact with the snow surface, and the base material layer forms an adhesive surface by an adhesive. / Snow removal method.   The snow melting / snow-removing method for a snow surface according to claim 1, wherein the liquid-absorbing material includes a base material layer on a side in contact with the snow surface, and the base material layer is made of a magnetic material having a high magnetic permeability. A snow melting / snow removal method for a snow-covered surface made of a hydrophobic material made of a plastic or rubber magnet so as to be adhered to the surface by a magnetic force.

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