JP3716482B2 - 3D image data generation method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to computer graphics for displaying an object three-dimensionally on a plane, and in particular, the object exists in close contact with the water surface as a background like a ship navigating on the water surface. Data for central processing that produces an image that looks natural to the eye when the object moves independently of each other and the background moves around the object in relation to the movement of the object. The present invention relates to generation of three-dimensional image data to be generated.
[0002]
In computer graphics, an object is generally defined as a model on a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, and is defined as a set of facets surrounded by points that divide the edges of the object at appropriate intervals and points that characterize the shape of the object. Generate the model
Perform geometric transformation to rotate, scale, shift, translate, and generate a model of the shape according to the viewpoint movement,
Perform projective transformation to change the model to a model with the same dimensions but with different lengths depending on the distance from the viewpoint,
Approximate the actual shape and display it on a flat surface.
[0003]
However, as it is, only the shape of the object is approximated to be actually seen, and the positional relationship between the objects is not approximated to be actually visible.
Hidden surface processing is performed so that the model located near the viewpoint hides the model located away from the viewpoint,
By performing shading processing, fine changes in brightness, shadows, etc. on the object surface are simulated from the positional relationship between the light source and the model,
Data that displays a realistic image is generated and output as input data for central processing.
[0004]
In order to display an object three-dimensionally on a plane, it is essential that the displayed image has a sense of reality, and there is a background at a position in contact with the object (for example, a ship sailing with the water surface as a background is Even if it is rocked up and down), the relative positional relationship between the viewpoint, the object and the background does not collapse, so that the ship is not always hidden on the water surface, that is, the object image is closer to the viewpoint than the background. It is necessary to generate data to be generated.
[0005]
[Prior art]
6 is a block diagram of a conventional example, FIG. 7 is a flowchart (part 1) of the conventional example, FIG. 8 is a flowchart (part 2) of the conventional example, and FIG. 9 is an image diagram of the conventional example. .
[0006]
A conventional example will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following description, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an image of the relative positional relationship between the background and the object. An area surrounded by a line connecting point A, point B, point C, and point D is the background, and point I and point A region surrounded by a line connecting J, the point K, and the point L is an object, that is, an operation unit.
[0007]
In this description, it is assumed that the background is stationary and only the operation unit operates, but the same applies to the case where both the background and the operation unit operate.
The input data indicates the position information of points that divide each of the lines connecting points A and B, points B and C, points C and D, points D and A at appropriate intervals, and the shape of the background. Point location information,
Point position information that divides each of the lines connecting point I and point J, point J and point K, point K and point L, and point L and point I at appropriate intervals, and the position of the point indicating the shape of the operating portion Information.
[0008]
In FIG. 6, 10 ′ is an input circuit, 20 is an information holding unit, 30 ′ is a facet generation unit, 40 is a facet normal generation unit, and 50 is a vertex normal generation unit. , 60 is an output circuit, 70 is a processor, and 80 is a memory circuit.
[0009]
The input circuit 10 ′ is connected to the storage circuit 80, and position information of points forming the background, that is, lines connecting points A and B, points B and C, points C and D, points D and A Position information that divides each of them at appropriate intervals, position information that indicates the shape of the background, and
Position information of the points forming the operation part, that is, the positions of the points that divide each of the lines connecting the points I and J, J and K, K and L, and L and I at appropriate intervals. It is a circuit that stores information and position information of points indicating the shape of the operation unit in the storage circuit 80 as input data.
[0010]
The storage circuit 80 is connected to the input circuit 10 ′, the output circuit 60, and the processor 70, and is a circuit that holds a program that holds input data, holds output data, and instructs a processing method of input data. .
[0011]
The output circuit 60 is a circuit that is connected to the storage circuit 80 and outputs output data held in the storage circuit 80.
The processor 70 is connected to the storage circuit 80, the program held in the storage circuit 80 runs, reads input data held in the information holding unit 20 of the storage circuit 80, generates output data, and generates the information holding unit 20. It is a circuit to store in.
[0012]
The information holding unit 20 is an area for holding data in the storage circuit 80 and is an area for holding input data and output data.
The facet generation unit 30 'is a program stored in the storage circuit 80, reads position information of points forming the background from the storage circuit 80, and is surrounded by a straight line connecting three adjacent points forming the background. A micro surface called a triangular strip (hereinafter referred to as “facet”) is generated and stored in the information holding unit 20 of the memory circuit 80.
This is a program that reads out position information of points forming the operation unit from the storage circuit 80 as input data, generates a facet forming the operation unit, and stores it in the information holding unit 20 of the storage circuit 80.
[0013]
The facet normal generation unit 40 is a program stored in the storage circuit 80, reads a facet from the storage circuit 80, generates a normal to the facet, and stores it as a facet normal in the storage circuit 80. It is a program to do.
[0014]
The vertex normal generation unit 50 is a program stored in the storage circuit 80, reads a facet from the storage circuit 80, generates a vertex normal passing through the vertex surrounded by the facet, and stores it as a vertex normal A program stored in the circuit 80.
[0015]
Processing is performed in the following procedure.
First, position information of points that divide the outer edge of the background at appropriate intervals, position information of points that characterize the shape of the background, position information of points that divide the outer edge of the operation part at appropriate intervals, and shape of the operation part Is stored in the information holding unit 20 by the input circuit 10 ′. (Step S1)
The position information of the points forming the background is read from the information holding unit 20 by the small surface generating unit 30 ′ running on the processor 70, and the minute surface surrounded by the straight line connecting the three adjacent points forming the background is displayed. It is generated and stored in the information holding unit 20 as a facet. (Step S2)
The facet normal generation unit 40 reads the facets constituting the background from the information holding unit 20, generates normals for each of the facets, and stores them in the information holding unit 20 as facet normals. . (Step S3)
The vertex normal generation unit 50 reads the facets constituting the background from the information holding unit 20, generates normals passing through the vertices surrounded by the facets, and stores them as vertex normals in the information holding unit 20. The (Step S4)
The facet generation unit 30 ′ reads position information of points that form the operation unit from the information holding unit 20, generates a facet that forms the operation unit, and stores it in the information holding unit 20. (Step S5)
The facet normal generation unit 40 reads out the facets forming the operation unit from the information holding unit 20, generates normals for each of the facets, and stores them as facet normals in the information holding unit 20. The (Step S6)
The vertex normal generation unit 50 reads the facets constituting the operation unit from the information holding unit 20, generates normals passing through the vertices surrounded by the facets, and stores them in the information holding unit 20 as vertex normals. Is done. (Step S7)
All of the facets constituting each of the background and the operation unit, all of the facet normals, and all of the vertex normals are output from the information holding unit 20 by the output circuit 60, and the processing ends. (Step S8)
[0016]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As mentioned above, in the conventional method,
The facets that form the background, the facet normals, the vertex normals,
A facet forming the object, a facet normal, a vertex normal,
Therefore, when the background and the object are displayed on the plane, the relative positional relationship between the viewpoint, the object, and the background is not always maintained, and there is a problem that the object is hidden in the background.
[0017]
An object of the present invention is to provide an efficient method for generating data such that the relative position relationship between the viewpoint, the object, and the background is always maintained, and the object is in front of the background.
[0018]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
FIG. 1 is a principle diagram of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is an image diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.
[0019]
The present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 5 shows an image of the relative positional relationship between the background and the object,
The region having the line connecting point A, point B, point C, and point D as the outer edge and the line connecting point E, point F, point G, and point H as the inner edge is independent of the moving part of the background. The outer peripheral portion that operates, and the region having points E, F, G, and H as the outer edge and the line connecting points I, J, K, and L as the inner edge The peripheral portion that operates in conjunction with the moving portion, and the area surrounded by the points I, J, K, and L is an object that moves independently from the outer peripheral portion (that is, the moving portion). It is.
[0020]
In this description, it is assumed that the outer peripheral portion is stationary and only the operating portion operates, but the same applies to the case where both the outer peripheral portion and the operating portion operate.
Position information of points that divide lines connecting points A, B, C, and D, which are outer edges of the outer periphery, at appropriate intervals; position information that characterizes the shape of the outer periphery;
Position information of points that divide lines connecting point E, point F, point G, and point H that are inner edges of the outer peripheral part and outer peripheral parts at appropriate intervals, and positions of points that characterize the shape of the peripheral part Information and
Position information of points that divide lines connecting points I, J, K, and L, which are the inner edge of the peripheral portion and the outer edge of the moving portion, at appropriate intervals, and the positions of points that characterize the shape of the moving portion Information is input as input data.
[0021]
In FIG. 1, 1 is an input means, 2 is an information holding means, 3 is a facet generating means, 4 is a facet normal generating means, 5 is a vertex normal generating means, 6 Is an output means.
[0022]
The input unit 1 is connected to the information holding unit 2 and receives, as input data, position information of points forming the outer peripheral part, position information of points forming the peripheral part, and position information of points forming the operating part. It is means for storing in the holding means 2.
[0023]
The information holding unit 2 is connected to the input unit 1, the output unit 6, the facet generation unit 3, the facet normal generation unit 4, and the vertex normal generation unit 5 to hold input data and output it. It is a means to hold data.
[0024]
The facet generating means 3 is connected to the information holding means 2, reads input data from the information holding means 2, generates a facet forming the outer peripheral part, stores it in the information holding means 2, and forms a peripheral part. A surface is generated and stored in the information holding unit 2, and a small surface forming an operation unit is generated and stored in the information holding unit 2.
[0025]
The facet normal generating means 4 is connected to the information holding means 2, reads out the facets forming each of the outer peripheral part, the peripheral part and the operating part from the information holding means 2, generates a normal to the facet, It is means for storing the information in the information holding means 2 as a facet normal.
[0026]
The vertex normal generation means 5 is connected to the information holding means 2, reads out the facets forming each of the outer peripheral part, the peripheral part, and the action part from the information holding means 2, and the vertex method passing through the vertices surrounded by the facets This is a means for generating a line and storing it in the information holding means 2 as a vertex normal.
[0027]
The output unit 6 is connected to the information holding unit 2 and outputs the facets, facet normals, and vertex normals held by the information holding unit 2 as output data.
First, the input data input by the input unit 1 is stored in the information holding unit 2.
[0028]
Next, the position information of the points forming the outer peripheral portion is read from the information holding unit 2 by the small surface generating unit 3, and the small surface forming the outer peripheral unit is generated and stored in the information holding unit 2.
The position information of the points forming the peripheral part is read from the information holding unit 2, the facets forming the peripheral part are generated, stored in the information holding unit 2,
The position information of the points forming the operation part is read from the information holding unit 2, and the facets forming the operation unit are generated and stored in the information holding unit 2.
[0029]
Next, the facets forming the outer peripheral portion are read from the information holding means 2 by the facet normal generation means 4, the normals to the facets are generated, and stored in the information holding means 2 as facet normals. ,
The facets forming the peripheral part are read from the information holding means 2, a normal to the facet is generated, and stored in the information holding means 2 as a facet normal.
The facets forming the operating part are read from the information holding means 2, a normal to the facet is generated, and stored in the information holding means 2 as the facet normal.
[0030]
Next, the vertex normal generation means 5 reads out the facet forming the outer peripheral part, the facet forming the peripheral part, and the facet forming the operation part from the information holding means 2, Normals passing through the enclosed vertices are generated and stored in the information holding unit 2 as vertex normals.
[0031]
Next, the facets, facet normals, and vertex normals held in the information holding means 2 are output by the output means 6 as output data, and the process ends.
[0032]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a flowchart (part 1) of the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart figure (the 2).
[0033]
The first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
2, 10 is an input circuit, 20 is an information holding unit, 30 is a facet generation unit, 40 is a facet normal generation unit, 50 is a vertex normal generation unit, 60 Is an output circuit, 70 is a processor, and 80 is a memory circuit.
[0034]
The output circuit 60, the processor 70, and the storage circuit 80 are the same or equivalent circuits as described in the description of the prior art,
The facet normal generation unit 40 and the vertex normal generation unit 50 are the same or equivalent programs as described in the description of the prior art,
The information holding unit 20 is an area for holding data in the storage circuit 80 that is the same as or equivalent to that described in the related art.
[0035]
The input circuit 10 is connected to the storage circuit 80, and stores the position information of the points forming the outer peripheral portion, the position information of the points forming the peripheral portion, and the position information of the points forming the operation portion as input data. 80 is a circuit that stores information in the information holding unit 20.
[0036]
The facet generation unit 30 is a program stored in the storage circuit 80, and
The position information of the points forming the outer peripheral part, the position information of the points forming the peripheral part, and the position information of the points forming the operating part are read out from the storage circuit 80 as input data,
A facet forming the outer peripheral part is generated and stored in the information holding unit 20 of the storage circuit 80,
A facet forming the peripheral portion is generated and stored in the information holding unit 20 of the storage circuit 80.
This is a program for generating a facet forming an operation unit and storing it in the information holding unit 20 of the storage circuit 80.
[0037]
Processing is performed in the following procedure.
First, the position information of points that divide the outer edge of the outer peripheral portion at an appropriate interval, the position information of points that characterize the shape of the outer peripheral portion, and the inner edge of the outer peripheral portion (that is, the outer edge of the peripheral portion) are divided at an appropriate interval. Point location information, point location information that characterizes the shape of the periphery, point location information that divides the inner edge of the periphery (ie, the outer edge of the action portion) at appropriate intervals, and points that characterize the shape of the action portion Is stored in the information holding unit 20 by the input circuit 10. (Step S1)
The small surface generating unit 30 running on the processor reads position information of the points forming the outer peripheral portion from the information holding unit 20, and the minute surface surrounded by the straight line connecting the three adjacent points forming the outer peripheral portion. It is generated and stored in the information holding unit 20 as a facet. (Step S2)
The facet normal generation unit 40 reads the facets forming the outer peripheral portion from the information holding unit 20, generates normals for each of the facets, and stores them as facet normals in the information holding unit 20. The (Step S3)
The facet generation unit 30 reads position information of points that form the peripheral portion from the information holding unit 20, generates a facet that forms the peripheral portion, and stores it in the information holding unit 20. (Step S4)
The facet normal generation unit 40 reads the facets forming the peripheral portion from the information holding unit 20, generates normals for each of the facets, and stores them as facet normals in the information holding unit 20. The (Step S5)
The facet generation unit 30 reads position information of points that form the operation unit from the information holding unit 20, generates a facet that forms the operation unit, and stores it in the information holding unit 20. (Step S6)
The facet normal generation unit 40 reads out the facets forming the operation unit from the information holding unit 20, generates normals for each of the facets, and stores them as facet normals in the information holding unit 20. The (Step S7)
The vertex normal generation unit 50 reads out the facets forming the outer peripheral part, the peripheral part, and the action part from the information holding part 20, and generates normals passing through the vertices surrounded by the facets. It is stored in the information holding unit 20 as a line. (Step S8)
All of the facets constituting each of the outer peripheral part, the peripheral part, and the action part, all of the facet normals, and all of the vertex normals are output from the information holding unit 20 by the output circuit 60 and processed. finish. (Step S9)
In this description, the interval between the outer peripheral portion, the peripheral portion, and the point that separates the edges of the operating portion is set as an appropriate interval. However, when the facet is a curved surface, the natural reality becomes smoother as the interval is reduced. When an image with a feeling can be generated and the facet is a flat surface, an image with a natural reality can be generated even if the interval is widened, so the interval is selected depending on the object.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, even when the background and the object operate independently, the object is always in front of the background, and the relative positional relationship between the viewpoint, the background, and the object changes. Does not occur,
There is a remarkable industrial effect that it is possible to generate input data for generating a natural-looking three-dimensional image in which an object is always in front of the background as viewed from the viewpoint.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a principle diagram of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the first embodiment of the present invention (part 1).
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the first embodiment of the present invention (part 2);
FIG. 5 is an image of the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a conventional example. FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a conventional example (part 1).
FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a conventional example (part 2).
Fig. 9 Image of conventional example [Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Input means 2 Information holding means 3 Facet generation means 4 Facet normal generation means 5 Vertex normal generation means 6 Output means 10, 10 'Input circuit 20 Information holding part 30, 30' Facet generation part 40 Facet method Line generator 50 Vertex normal generator 60 Output circuit 70 Processor 80 Memory circuit

Claims (1)

A screen display in a three-dimensional space when the background is composed of surfaces and the object placed on the background surface is a surface,
A peripheral surface having a background surface that relays the vertex coordinates of the object surface and the vertex coordinates of the outer peripheral surface as vertices outside the region, and each vertex of the object surface as a vertex inside the region ; and the peripheral portion It is divided into the outer peripheral surface that is the area outside
Previously associating the vertexes of each vertex and the outer peripheral portion surface of each vertex and the peripheral portion of the object surface, the input to the information holding means as input data the position information of the vertices of partitioning the edges of each surface at suitable intervals Input means to
An information holding means connected to the input means, the facet generation means, the facet normal generation means, the vertex normal generation means and the output means, and holds input data and output data;
Reads input data to generate an outer peripheral portion surface, the facets forming each of the peripheral portion surface and the object plane generated by the vertex of the vertex and the object plane of the outer peripheral portion surface, and stores the information holding means A facet generation means;
A facet normal generating means for reading a facet from the information holding means to generate a facet normal, and storing the facet normal in the information holding means;
Vertex normal generation means for reading out the facets from the information holding means, generating normals for each of the vertices surrounded by the facets as vertex normals, and storing them in the information holding means;
An apparatus for generating three-dimensional image data, comprising: output means for outputting the facet, the facet normal, and the vertex normal as output data from an information holding means.

Images