JP3720656B2 - Housing structure - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a housing structure, and more particularly to a housing structure in a highly insulated and airtight house having a ventilation function.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems]
Conventionally, highly insulated and airtight houses aimed at enhancing energy saving are known, and this kind of highly insulated and highly airtight house usually has a ventilation function to ensure ventilation because of its high airtightness. I have.
[0003]
By the way, in such a highly insulated and airtight house, if trying to improve energy saving, the ventilation performance is impaired. On the other hand, if trying to improve the ventilation performance, there is a conflicting problem that the energy saving performance is impaired. Exists. Therefore, in the conventional house structure, there is a problem that the energy saving performance is considerably sacrificed by providing the ventilation function. A housing structure was required.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in response to such a conventional request, and in particular, an object of the present invention is to provide a housing structure that can ensure both high energy saving and sufficient ventilation.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems and Embodiments]
In the housing structure M according to the present invention, the underfloor 2 can be regarded as a part of an indoor space by using a sealed heat insulating space except for a gap formed by the bases 11 and 12 and the air feeding duct 54. And the outer surface of the structural material including the fabric foundation 20, the base 11 ..., the columns 30 ..., 33 ... and the beams 13 ... are covered with a heat insulating board 34 ... The lower ventilation port Soi formed by the lower end side of the exterior material 35 and the roof material are provided by providing the exterior material 35 and the roof material 36 with a gap So on the outside of the heat insulation board 34 above the sealed space. The ventilation window 37 provided in the attic inward of 36 is communicated with the gap So, and the inner wall 3 including the side wall 3w and the ceiling 3u is provided on the inner side of the heat insulation board 34, thereby insulating the inner wall 3 from the heat insulation board 34. A space Sw is provided between the walls 34 and the inside of the inner wall 3 is a room R. On the other hand, heat exchange between the air Ai in the room R exhausted to the space Sw and the outside air Ao taken from the outside Air having a ventilation unit 5 having a function, and the outside air Ao taken in through the ventilation unit 5 and the air supply duct 54 is accommodated in a clean box 55 having a large number of through holes 55 s arranged inside the floor 2. After being sent to the underfloor 2 in contact with an air purifying material containing one or both of the ceramic material 15a ..., the charcoal material 15b ..., the air As in the underfloor 2 is formed by the base 11 ... and the joists 12 ... An air supply passage F that feeds the air As in the inter-wall space Sw to the room R from the air supply port 6 provided in the inner wall 3 is provided.
[0006]
In this case, according to a preferred embodiment, the inner wall 3 includes one or both of the side wall 3w and the ceiling 3u. The air supply passage F from the floor to the first floor can use a gap between the base 11 ... and the joists 12 ..., and the air supply passage F from the first floor to the second floor has a ventilation groove 14 formed in the beam 13 ... ... can be done.
[0007]
【Example】
Next, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be given and described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0008]
First, the structure of the housing structure M according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0009]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 20 denotes a fabric foundation formed from concrete. Since the fabric foundation 20 stands upward from the concrete floor 21 placed on the ground and the floor 2 described later needs to have a sealed structure, the fabric foundation 20 located on the outer wall is not provided with openings and notches. A crushed stone 22 is laid below the concrete floor 21, and a heat insulating board 23 made of extruded polystyrene foam is laid on the crushed stone 22, and a moisture-proof sheet 24 is laid on the heat insulating board 23. . Then, the concrete floor 21 is placed on the moisture-proof sheet 24.
[0010]
On the other hand, on the upper end surface of the fabric foundation 20, as shown in FIG. 2, the bases 11 are installed with packings 25, which increase airtightness, and on the bases 11 as shown in FIGS. Are installed at predetermined intervals. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a bundle 26 is erected on the concrete floor 21, and an overhang 27 is laid on the bundle 26 to support the joists 12. In addition, 28 ... is a brace attached to the bundle 26 .... A flooring 29 is laid on the joists 12. The floor material 29 includes a base plate (plywood) 29d constituting the lower layer and a floor material (flooring, tatami mat, etc.) 29u constituting the upper layer.
[0011]
Further, a column 30 is erected on the bases 11 and a beam 13 is erected on the upper end of the column 30. FIG. 1 shows the case of a one-storied house, and the top of the beams 13 is a roof. On the other hand, FIGS. 2 and 3 show a two-story house, with joists 31... Installed on the beams 13... At a predetermined interval and on the joists 31. 32 is laid. In this case, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of longitudinal ventilation grooves 14 are formed at predetermined intervals on the outer surface of the beams 13... And a space below and above the beams 13 through the ventilation grooves 14. Communicate the space. Further, a column 33 is erected on the beam 13 and a beam similar to the beam 13 is laid on the column 33.
[0012]
On the other hand, the outer surface of the structural material including the fabric foundation 20, the base 11 ..., the support post 30 ..., the beam 13 ... and the support post 33 ... is covered with a heat insulating board 34 made of extruded polystyrene foam, and the inside of the heat insulating board 34 ... is sealed. Make space. In addition, exterior materials 35 are provided outside the heat insulating boards 34 with a certain gap So. In this case, the lower vent side Soi is provided by positioning the lower end side of the exterior member 35 in the vicinity of the upper end of the fabric foundation 20 as shown in FIG. On the other hand, the upper end side of the exterior material 35... Reaches the roof material 36, and the gap So communicates with a ventilation window (ventilation register) 37 provided in the attic. Further, an outer surface portion of the heat insulating board 34 that is not covered by the exterior material 35 is covered with a mortar 38, and foamed polyurethane 39 is sprayed on the inner surface of the heat insulating board 34, the upper surface of the base 11 ..., etc. Therefore, heat insulation and airtightness are improved.
[0013]
With the above structure, the outer side including the heat insulating boards 34 becomes the outer wall 4. The outer wall 4 ensures heat insulating properties and airtightness in combination with the inner and outer wall surfaces in a general house by considering the thickness of the heat insulating boards 34... And the foamed polyurethane 39. Therefore, in the case of the housing structure M according to the present invention, the inside from the heat insulating boards 34 can be regarded as a room.
[0014]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, a barrel edge 40 is attached to the inner surface of the column 30, and an interior material 41 is attached using the trunk edge 40, and a ceiling material is provided on the lower surface of the joist 31. 42 ... are attached. Therefore, the side walls 3w are constituted by the interior materials 41, and the ceiling 3u is constituted by the ceiling materials 42, and the side walls 3w and the ceiling 3u become the inner walls 3. With such a configuration, an inter-wall space Sw is provided between the inner wall 3 and the outer wall 4. The inter-wall space Sw can be provided by both the side wall 3w and the ceiling 3u, or can be provided only by the side wall 3w by providing a partition for blocking the inter-wall space Sw at the upper end of the side wall 3w. In addition, air supply ports 6 for communicating the inter-wall space Sw and the room R are provided in the upper part of the side wall 3w.
[0015]
On the other hand, a ventilation unit 5 is disposed on the back of the ceiling. The ventilation unit 5 has a heat exchange function and an air blowing function, and an air supply duct 51 for taking outside air Ao into the ventilation unit 5 and an exhaust duct 52 for discharging the air Ai in the room R from the ventilation unit 5 are exposed outdoors. The intake duct 53 for taking in the air Ai in the room R to the ventilation unit 5 is exposed to the room R from the ceiling 3u, and the air supply duct 54 for sending outside air Ao from the ventilation unit 5 is exposed to the inside of the floor 2 below. Then, clean boxes 55 and 56 are connected in communication with the leading ends of the air supply ducts 54 introduced into the underfloor 2 and branched. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, the clean box 55 can be configured by incorporating a large number of plate-shaped ceramic materials 15a in a box having a large number of through holes 55s. 5, a large number of carbonaceous materials 15b can be built in a box having a large number of through holes 56s. Such ceramic materials 15a ... and carbon materials 15b ... are known to have a dehumidifying function, a deodorizing function, a VOC (volatile organic compound) adsorption function, etc., and are brought into contact with the introduced outside air Ao to form air. It is used as an air purification material that purifies the air.
[0016]
With such a configuration, the underfloor 2 becomes a sealed heat insulating space except for the gap formed by the bases 11 and the joists 12 and the air supply duct 54, and the underfloor 2 can be regarded as a part of the room. it can. Further, the air supply duct 54, the clean boxes 55, 56, the under floor 2, the gap between the base 11 ... and the joists 12 ..., the inter-wall space Sw, the air supply port 6 ... are external air Ao (As) sent from the ventilation unit 5. It is configured as an air supply passage F through which the air flows, and the whole has a sealed heat insulating structure for the outdoors. The air supply passage F from the underfloor 2 to the first floor uses a gap between the base 11 ... and the joists 12 ..., and the air supply passage F from the first floor to the second floor is a ventilation formed in the beam 13 ... Since it is performed by the grooves 14..., There is an advantage that it can be carried out easily and at a low cost without constructing a special air supply passage.
[0017]
Next, the ventilation function in the house structure M according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0018]
First, the outside air Ao is taken into the ventilation unit 5 through the air supply duct 51 by the air blowing function provided in the ventilation unit 5, and the air Ai in the room R is taken into the ventilation unit 5 through the intake duct 53. The outside air Ao is heat-exchanged with the air Ai in the room R by the heat exchange function of the ventilation unit 5, and the heat-exchanged outside air Ao is supplied to the underfloor 2 through the air supply duct 54 and the clean boxes 55 and 56. . The air Ai in the room R that has been heat-exchanged by the ventilation unit 5 is discharged to the outside through the exhaust duct 52.
[0019]
On the other hand, the outside air Ao supplied to the underfloor 2 is purified by the clean boxes 55 and 56. That is, the outside air Ao comes into contact with the ceramic material 15a ... and the carbon material 15b ... to perform dehumidification, deodorization, VOC (volatile organic compound) adsorption, and the like. Therefore, for example, even if the outside air Ao built and taken along the road is dirty, it is purified by the clean boxes 55 and 56 and supplied to the underfloor 2. Further, the purified air 2 in the underfloor 2 enters the inter-wall space Sw through the gap formed by the bases 11... And the joists 12, and is further supplied to the room R through the air supply openings 6. Is done. Since the outside air Ao flows into the gap So from the lower vent Soi and flows through the gap So to the vent window 37, condensation and the like are prevented.
[0020]
According to such a housing structure M according to the present embodiment (FIG. 1), by using the ventilation unit 5 having a heat exchange rate of 68 [%], the temperature of the outside air Ao is 0 [° C.] When the temperature of R was 20 [° C.], the temperature of the air As flowing in from the air supply ports 6 at a steady state was 11.7 [° C.], and the heat loss in the air supply passage F was slight. Therefore, the heating in the room R is sufficient if the temperature is increased by 8.3 [° C.] from 11.7 [° C.] to 20 [° C.].
[0021]
As described above, the present invention focuses on the underfloor 2 where the heat in the house is most deprived, and constructs a structure in which the underfloor 2 can be regarded as a part of the room, and can also be regarded as the room outside the inner wall 3. Since the inter-wall space Sw is provided, both high energy saving and sufficient ventilation can be secured at the same time.
[0022]
The embodiment has been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment, and the detailed configuration, shape, material (material), quantity, and the like do not depart from the spirit of the present invention. You can change, add, or delete at will.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the housing structure according to the present invention is configured such that the under floor is a sealed heat insulating space except for a gap formed by a base and joists and an air supply duct, and can be regarded as a part of the room. At the same time, by covering the outer surface of the structural material including the fabric foundation, foundation, pillars and beams with a heat insulation board, the space above the floor under the heat insulation board is made a sealed space, and a gap is formed outside the heat insulation board. By providing the exterior material and the roof material, the lower ventilation port formed by the lower end side of the exterior material and the ventilation window provided in the roof at the inside of the roof material are communicated by a gap, and the inside of the heat insulation board, By providing an inner wall consisting of a side wall and a ceiling, an inter-wall space is provided between the inner wall and the heat insulation board, and the inside of the inner wall is made indoors, while the indoor air that is exhausted to the outside is placed in the inter-wall space from the outdoors. Take A ventilation unit having a function of exchanging outside air is disposed, and the air stored in a clean box having a large number of through holes arranged under the floor of the outside air taken in through the ventilation unit and the air supply duct is purified. After making contact with an air purifying material containing one or both of ceramic material and carbonaceous material and sending it under the floor, the air under the floor is sent to the space between the walls through the gap formed by the foundation and joists, and further, Since an air supply passage for supplying air into the room through an air supply port provided on the inner wall is provided, the following remarkable effects are achieved.
[0024]
(1) It is possible to simultaneously ensure both high energy saving and sufficient ventilation in a highly insulated and airtight house, and a comfortable living environment can be obtained.
[0025]
(2) Since air purification materials including one or both of ceramic materials and carbon materials that purify the air by contacting the outside air taken in through the ventilation unit are arranged in the air supply passage, for example along the road Even if it is built and the outside air is dirty, purified air can be taken in.
[0026]
(3) According to a preferred embodiment, the air supply passage from the underfloor to the first floor uses a gap between the base and the joist, and the air supply passage from the first floor to the second floor has a ventilation groove formed in the beam. If it carries out by, it can implement easily and at low cost, without constructing a special air supply passage.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a housing structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an extracted part of the housing structure;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an extracted part of the housing structure;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a clean box used in the housing structure,
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of another clean box used in the housing structure;
[Explanation of symbols]
2 Under-floor 3 Inner wall 3w Side wall 3u Ceiling 4 Outer wall 5 Ventilation unit 6 ... Air supply port 11 ... Base 12 ... joist 13 ... Beam 14 ... Ventilation groove 15a ... Ceramic material 15b ... Carbon material 20 Cloth foundation 29 Floor material 30 ... Column 33 ... Prop 34 Heat insulation board 35 Exterior material 36 Roof material 37 Ventilation window 54 Air supply duct 55 ... Clean box 55s ... Through hole M Housing structure So Gap Soi Lower air vent Sw Wall space R Indoor Ai Air Ao Outside air As Air F Air passage

Claims (3)

  The under floor is a sealed heat insulating space except for the gap formed by the foundation and joist and the air supply duct, so that it can be regarded as a part of the room, and includes the fabric foundation, foundation, pillars and beams By covering the outer surface of the structural material with a heat insulating board, the inside of the heat insulating board is made a sealed space above the floor below, and the exterior material and the roof material are provided outside the heat insulating board with a gap. The lower ventilation port formed by the lower end side of the exterior material and the ventilation window provided in the attic inside the roof material are communicated by the gap, and the inner wall composed of a side wall and a ceiling inside the heat insulation board Providing an inter-wall space between the inner wall and the heat insulating board, and the inside of the inner wall is set to the indoor, while the indoor air discharged to the outside is taken into the inter-wall space from the outside. A ventilation unit having a heat exchange function of outside air is disposed, and the outside air taken in through the ventilation unit and the air supply duct is stored in a clean box having a large number of through holes arranged under the floor. After contacting the air purifying material containing one or both of the ceramic material and the carbonaceous material to be purified and sending it under the floor, the air under the floor is sent to the space between the walls through the gap formed by the foundation and the joist, Furthermore, the housing structure characterized by providing the air supply path which supplies the air of the space between the said walls indoors from the air supply opening provided in the inner wall.   The residential structure according to claim 1, wherein the air supply passage from the underfloor to the first floor uses a gap between a base and a joist.   2. The residential structure according to claim 1, wherein the air supply passage from the first floor to the second floor is made by a ventilation groove formed in the beam.

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