JP3746837B2 - Parallel oscillating stalker - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a parallel oscillating stoker applied to, for example, a waste incinerator, and more particularly to an improvement of a combustion stoker.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as this type of parallel oscillating stalker, for example, the one described in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 62-55053 and the one described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-12435 are known.
The former is basically provided with a fixed grate, a movable grate adjacent to the fixed grate so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, and divided in the front-rear direction at the bottom of both grate. And a plurality of hoppers and an air supply path for supplying air to each hopper. Thus, in this type, the air from the air supply source is supplied into the furnace through the gaps between the air supply paths, the hoppers, and the grate.
The latter basically consists of a fixed grate, a movable grate adjacent to the fixed grate and movable in the front-rear direction, a hopper provided at the bottom of both grates, and each grate. An air passage formed inside the lattice, an air supply passage for supplying air to the upstream side of each air passage, an upper port communicating each air passage and the inside of the furnace, and each air passage and the hopper communicate with each other. It consists of a lower opening. Thus, in such a case, the air from the air supply source is supplied into the furnace through the air supply path, the air passage, and the upper port, and the air that has reached the air passage is supplied to the lower port, the hopper, and each fire. The gas is supplied into the furnace through a gap between the lattices.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the former has only a hopper divided into a plurality in the front-rear direction, the structure of each grate is simple, but the cooling effect of each grate is not good. In the latter, air passages are formed in each grate, so that the cooling effect of each grate can be expected, but each grate had to be formed with an upper port and a lower port. It is complicated or it is difficult to control the amount of air supplied into the furnace for each division of the hopper.
The present invention has been devised in view of the above problems, and the object of the present invention is to simplify the structure of each grate to increase the cooling efficiency and to provide a divided hopper. It is an object of the present invention to provide a parallel oscillating stalker capable of appropriately controlling the air pressure inside and distributing and supplying an air amount adapted to a desired change in the state such as the progress of combustion on the stalker.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The parallel oscillating stalker of the present invention basically includes a fixed grate, a movable grate adjacent to the fixed grate so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, and a lower part of both grate in the front-rear direction. A plurality of divided hoppers, an air passage formed inside each grate, a first air supply passage for supplying air to the upstream side of each air passage, and a downstream side of each air passage. A feature resides in that it is composed of a communication path communicating with the hopper on the side and a second air supply path for supplying air to the remaining hoppers.
It is preferable to provide fine water spray means for spraying fine water on the upstream side of the air passage.
[0005]
A part of the air from the air supply source is supplied to the first air supply passage → each air passage → each communication passage → downstream hopper → grating between each grate → furnace and from the air supply source. The remaining air is supplied into the second air supply path → the remaining hopper → the gap between each grate → the furnace.
Since each grate only forms an air passage, the structure is simple.
Of the air from the air supply source, the air flowing into the first air supply passage is adjusted to the amount necessary for combustion of the incinerated materials (garbage) in the downstream hopper section and formed inside each grate Since the air is passed through the entire length of the air passage without reducing the flow rate, the cooling efficiency of each grate is improved. Also, the air flowing from the air supply source to the second air supply passage is supplied to the remaining hoppers after being adjusted to an amount necessary for the combustion of the incinerated materials in the respective hopper sections, and the flow of the incinerated materials on the stoker. Accordingly, control is performed so as to obtain the optimum progress of combustion and the like.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view showing an outline of a parallel rocking stalker according to the present invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line aa in FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line bb of FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line cc of FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line dd in FIG.
[0007]
The parallel oscillating stoker 1 includes a fixed grate 2, a movable grate 3, a hopper 4, an air passage 5, a first air supply path 6, a communication path 7, a second air supply path 8, and a fine water spray means 9. Its main part is composed.
[0008]
The fixed grate 2 forms a basic part of the parallel oscillating stalker 1, and in this example, a plurality (four) of them are arranged in parallel in the width direction, and a wind box (groove frame) having a cross-sectional groove shape. 10, a plurality of grate frames 11 mounted thereon, and a clip (fired floor plate) 12 fitted to close these upper openings. The fixed grate 2 is fixed via a fixed body 14 on a plurality of stoker frames 13 provided at predetermined intervals in the front-rear direction.
[0009]
In this example, the stoker frame 13 is a duct in which the most upstream side has a rectangular tube shape and the air flow path 15 is formed, and the other ones have an L shape. Is provided with a slide shoe 16.
[0010]
The movable grate 3 is provided adjacent to the fixed grate 2 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction. In this example, a plurality (five) of grate 3 are arranged adjacent to the fixed grate 2 and fixed. Similar to the grate 2, a wind box (groove frame) 10 having a cross-sectional groove shape, a plurality of grate frames 11 mounted on the air box, and a clip fitted to close these upper openings (Firebed) 12 is provided for compatibility. The movable grate 3 includes a sliding body 17 at the lower portion of the wind box 10 and is slidably mounted on the slide shoe 16 of the stoker frame 13 in the front-rear direction. The movable grate 3 is reciprocally driven in the front-rear direction with respect to the stalker frame 13 and the fixed grate 2 by a driving device (not shown).
[0011]
A predetermined gap S is formed between each fixed grate 2 and the movable grate 3 and between the movable grate 3 and the furnace wall 18.
[0012]
The hopper 4 is a plurality of parts provided in the lower part of the two grates 2 and 3 in the front-rear direction. In this example, the hopper 4 is divided into three parts, and a partition wall 19 is provided between the hoppers 4. The stoker frame 13 is provided on the upper part of these.
[0013]
The air passage 5 is formed inside each grate 2, 3. In this example, the air passage 5 has a rectangular cross section surrounded by the wind box 10, the grate frame 11, and the clip 12 of each grate 2, 3. The space corresponds to this, and although there are slight gaps between the wind box 10 and the grate frame 11 and between the grate frame 11 and the clip 12, they are substantially sealed.
[0014]
The first air supply path 6 supplies air (primary air) A to the upstream side of each air passage 5. In this example, the first air supply path 6 is formed in the upstream fixed body 14 and is formed in the air passage 5 of the fixed grate 2. And a communication path 20 that communicates with the air flow path 15 of the stoker frame 13, an air passage 5 of the movable grate 3 and an air flow path 15 of the stoker frame 13 formed in the upstream slide body 17 and slide shoe 16. Are connected to each other regardless of the reciprocating motion of the movable grate 3, a communication pipe 23 communicating the air flow path 15 of the stoker frame 13 and the air supply source (push-in fan) 22, The flow control damper 24 and the flow meter 25 are provided.
[0015]
The communication passage 7 communicates the downstream side of each air passage 5 and the hopper 4 on the same side. In this example, the communication passage 7 is formed in the lower part of the downstream side of the wind box 10 of each grate 2 and 3 and is sufficient. It is a through hole with an open area.
[0016]
The second air supply path 8 supplies air C and B to the remaining hopper 4. In this example, the duct 26 communicated with the upstream side and the side of the middle hopper 4, and these and the air supply It consists of a communication pipe 27 that communicates with the source 22, and a flow rate adjusting damper 28, a flow meter 29, and an air preheater 30 that are provided in the middle of these.
[0017]
The fine water spray means 9 sprays the fine water D on the upstream side of the air passage 5. In this example, the fine water spray means 9 is provided in the air flow path 15 of the stoker frame 13 and is directed upward toward the communication paths 20 and 21. Fine water spray nozzles 31, a water supply pipe 32 communicating with these water supply sources (not shown), a water amount adjusting valve 33 interposed in the middle of the nozzle, and a typical fixed fire such as downstream The temperature detector 34 is provided on the clip 12 of the lattice 2 and detects the temperature of the clip 2 to control the water amount adjusting valve 33.
[0018]
Next, the operation will be described based on such a configuration.
When the driving device is operated, each movable grate 3 is reciprocated in the front-rear direction with respect to the stalker frame 13 and each fixed grate 2, and the incinerated material (garbage) E supplied from the upstream side gradually goes to the downstream side. Burned while moving.
[0019]
The air A from the air supply source 22 is connected to the communication pipe 23 of the first air supply path 6 → the flow meter 25 → the flow rate adjusting damper 24 → the air flow path 15 of the stalker frame 13 → the communication paths 20 and 21 → the grate 2 3 air passage 5 → each communication passage 7 → supplied to the hopper 4 on the downstream side and pressure-equalized, and then supplied to the furnace through a gap S between each grate 2, 3 located above this Then, it is used for combustion on the downstream side of the stoker 1.
[0020]
On the other hand, the air C and B from the air supply source 22 are supplied from the second air supply path 8 → the air preheater 30 → the communication pipe 27 → the flow meter 29 → the flow rate adjusting damper 28 → the duct 26 → the upstream and middle hoppers 4. Is supplied to the furnace, and is supplied into the furnace through a gap S between the grate 2 and 3 located above the upstream side and the middle hopper 4, and the upstream side and the middle side of the stoker 1. It is used for moderate combustion.
[0021]
Each grate 2, 3 has a simple structure and has a simple structure as well as each hopper since the wind box 10, the grate frame 11, and the clip 12 are integrally formed and the air passage 5 having a rectangular cross section is formed therein. The sealing mechanism for preventing the leakage of air between the four can be performed easily and reliably, and the combustion air is appropriately distributed.
Since the air A from the air supply source 22 is passed through the air passage 5 formed inside each grate 2, 3, the cooling efficiency of each grate 2, 3 is improved.
[0022]
When the flow control dampers 24 and 28 are operated, the air A, B... From the air supply source 22 to the stalker 1 through the hoppers 4. The supply amount of C is varied and adjusted in three stages in accordance with the progress of the combustion of the waste, so that optimum combustion is performed. That is, the combustion air can be adjusted stepwise by the compartmentalization of the hopper 4, and appropriate distribution can be made to the progress of combustion.
[0023]
The air A used for cooling each grate 2, 3 is used for combustion on the downstream side of the stalker 1, which has few restrictions especially on preheating, so that the temperature A is suitable for cooling each grate 2, 3. In this way, the fine water spraying means 9 can be functioned and is rational.
The air C and B supplied to the upstream side and the middle of the stalker 1 can be heated to an appropriate temperature according to the quality of the incinerated material E by the air preheater 30.
[0024]
The water from the water supply source is sprayed as fine water B from the water supply pipe 32 of the fine water spray means 9 → the water amount adjustment valve 33 → the fine water spray nozzle 31 and rides on the air A from the air flow path 15 of the stoker frame 13. It is supplied to the upstream side of each grate 2, 3 via each connection path 20, 21, and each grate 2, 3 is further cooled by the heat of evaporation of the fine water B.
At this time, the water amount adjusting valve 33 is controlled by the temperature of the fixed grate 2 detected by the temperature detector 34, and the temperature range (150 to 250 ° C.) where the grate material does not corrode in the furnace atmosphere. Controlled.
In other words, each grate 2 and 3 can be controlled to a temperature range in which corrosion is not always caused by the air A to which the moisture D supplied to the final stage of the stoker 1 is added. For this reason, each grate 2, 3 does not need to be made of a high-grade material, and construction costs and maintenance costs can be reduced.
[0025]
Further, when the water vapor contained in the air A is blown into the furnace in a mixed state, radical combustion is slowed down, and generation of NOx and clinker can be suppressed.
The reasons why NOx can be suppressed are as follows: (1) Promotion of reducing atmosphere by reduction of actual oxygen concentration on stoker (dilution effect by water vapor), ( ₂ ) Reduction reaction by generation of water gas (CO, H ₂ ) (3C + 1 / 2O ₂ + 2H ₂ O → 2H ₂ + 3CO).
[0026]
The parallel oscillating stalker 1 is a combustion stalker in the previous example, but is not limited thereto, and may be a dry stalker or a post-combustion stalker, for example.
In the previous example, the hopper 4 is divided into three parts. However, the hopper 4 is not limited thereto, and may be divided into two parts, four parts or more.
Although the air preheater 30 is provided in the previous example, the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be omitted, for example.
Although the temperature detector 34 is provided on the downstream side of the fixed grate 2 in the previous example, the temperature detector 34 is not limited to this, and may be provided, for example, at a location other than this.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained.
(1) A fixed grate, a movable grate, a hopper, an air passage, a first air supply passage, a communication passage, and a second air supply passage, and in particular, a plurality of hoppers and an air passage in each grate. And a first air supply passage for supplying air to the upstream side of each air passage is provided, and the downstream side of each air passage and the hopper on the same side are communicated with each other through the communication passage, and air is supplied to the remaining hoppers. Since the second air supply passage is provided, the structure of each grate can be simplified to increase the cooling efficiency, and the distribution of air to the stoker is established according to the number of hopper divisions, combustion, etc. The optimal air supply can be performed.
(2) is provided with the fine water spray means for spraying the particulate water on the upstream side of the air passage, the cooling effect of each grate is further improved, suppressing NOx and clinker produced At a final stage of the stoker You can also do it.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view showing an outline of a parallel rocking stalker according to the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line aa in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line bb in FIG.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line cc of FIG.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG.
6 is a sectional view taken along line dd in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Parallel rocking type stoker, 2 ... Fixed grate, 3 ... Movable grate, 4 ... Hopper, 5 ... Air passage, 6 ... First air supply path, 7 ... Communication path, 8 ... Second air supply path, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 9 ... Fine water spray means, 10 ... Wind box, 11 ... Grate frame, 12 ... Clip, 13 ... Stoker frame, 14 ... Fixed body, 15 ... Air flow path, 16 ... Slide shoe, 17 ... Slide body, 18 ... Furnace wall, 19 ... partition wall, 20, 21 ... communication path, 22 ... air supply source, 23, 27 ... communication pipe, 24, 28 ... flow control damper, 25, 29 ... flow meter, 30 ... air preheater, 31 ... Fine water spray nozzle, 32 ... water supply pipe, 33 ... water amount control valve, 34 ... temperature detector, A, B, C ... air, D ... fine water, E ... incineration, S ... gap.

Claims (1)

A fixed grate, a movable grate adjacent to the fixed grate so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, a plurality of hoppers divided in the front-rear direction at the bottom of both grates, and each grate An air passage formed in the interior, a first air supply passage for supplying air to the upstream side of each air passage, a communication passage communicating with the hopper on the same side as the downstream side of each air passage, and the remaining hoppers A second air supply passage for supplying air, and the communication passage is a through-hole drilled in the lower part of the downstream side of each grate, and the fine water sprays fine water on the upstream side of the air passage A parallel oscillating stalker characterized by providing spraying means .

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