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JP3798066B2 - Cholesterol-enriched oil and fat and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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JP3798066B2 - Cholesterol-enriched oil and fat and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Cholesterol-enriched oil and fat and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3798066B2
JP3798066B2 JP13063196A JP13063196A JP3798066B2 JP 3798066 B2 JP3798066 B2 JP 3798066B2 JP 13063196 A JP13063196 A JP 13063196A JP 13063196 A JP13063196 A JP 13063196A JP 3798066 B2 JP3798066 B2 JP 3798066B2
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Prior art keywords
cholesterol
oil
fat
dha
content
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JP13063196A
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JPH09296198A (en
Inventor
基晴 新井
祀于 阿部島
明得 米久保
貴浩 菅野
有 桑田
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NOF Corp
Meiji Co Ltd
Meiji Dairies Corp
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NOF Corp
Meiji Co Ltd
Meiji Dairies Corp
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  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Dairy Products (AREA)
  • Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
  • Edible Oils And Fats (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、コレステロール強化油脂及びその調製方法に関するものである。本発明によって調製された油脂は、コレステロールのほかDHA(ドコサヘキサエン酸)も強化されており、しかも風味、食感にもすぐれているため、それ自体で食用油脂として使用できることはもちろんのこと、各種飲食品に添加して油脂成分のほかコレステロール、DHAの強化に使用することができる。
飲食品としては、乳幼児、老人、病気中ないし病気予後の患者用の各種飲料、食品のほか、健常者の通常のないしは保健用の各種飲料、食品が広く包含される。本発明は、特に乳幼児用の調製乳に有用である。ここでいう調製乳とは、粉末状に調製したものおよびそれを溶解して液状にしたものもしくは初めから液状に調製したものをいう。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
コレステロールは成人病の原因物質となるため、近年、食品中から除く努力がなされている。しかし、本来、コレステロールは生体に必要不可欠な栄養素であり、細胞膜の構成成分やホルモン・胆汁酸の原料として生体内で利用されている。成人の場合でも、過剰摂取が生体に対して悪影響を及ぼしているのであり、適正なレベルのコレステロール摂取は必要である。
【0003】
乳児の場合、脳や神経系の発達が著しいために、コレステロールの必要性は成人より高いと考えられる。乳児にとっては母乳が唯一の栄養素補給源である。
母乳は大量のコレステロールを含むため、乳児がコレステロール不足になることを防止している。ちなみに、母乳中のコレステロール含有量は通常の場合、12.6±4.8mg/100ml(Picciano他:Clin.Pediatr.,17,359(1978))、日本人母乳の場合、11.7±1.95mg/100ml(米久保他、小児保健研究、46,349(1987))である。
【0004】
これに対して、従来の乳児用調製乳中には、3〜4mg/100mlのコレステロールしか含まれておらず、その含有量は母乳の約1/3以下である。乳児用調製乳中の油脂やタンパク質の組成を変えることでコレステロール含量を少しは高めることはできる。しかし、コレステロール含量を母乳レベルまで高めるには、これだけでは困難である。
油脂に置換コレステロールを添加することによりコレステロールの強化が一応はできるが、市販コレステロールは主としてラノリン由来であった。
魚油のコレステロールを濃縮して利用する方法としては、特開昭61−261398号公報に炭酸ガスなどの超臨界ガスを用いる方法が記載されている。
また、近年、母乳に含まれるDHA(ドコサヘキサエン酸)を強化するため、乳児用調製乳に通常の分子蒸留処理した精製魚油を添加している。日本人母乳中には、DHAが脂肪酸組成として0.63±0.24%含まれている(米久保他、小児保健研究、46,349(1987))。
しかしながら、コレステロールのほかDHAも強化でき、しかも風味、外観、物性等もそこなうことのない、安全性の高い油脂は、従来知られていない。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、このような技術の現状に鑑みてなされたものであって、上記した従来技術にあって油脂に直接コレステロールを添加する方法は、市販コレステロールが主としてラノリン由来であることから、安全性を考慮しなければならず、また、これを溶解するのに高温を必要とし、結果的に油脂の劣化を起こす欠点があった。
魚油のコレステロールを濃縮して利用する方法は、超臨界ガスを用いる方法であるため、製造工程の操作が煩雑で、また、コストが高い欠点があった。
また、分子蒸留を用いる方法は、通常230℃〜260℃で分子蒸留処理するために、コレステロールも除去されてしまう。
したがって、本発明の目的は、これらの問題点を解決し、DHAと同時にコレステロールも強化できる油脂であって、しかも、風味、品質等を変化させることなく各種飲食品に対して添加使用することのできる新規な油脂を新たに提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、特に工業的な面から分子蒸留法に着目し、常法にしたがって魚油を分子蒸留したところ、上記のようにDHA含量は保持されるもののコレステロール含量は激減してしまい、コレステロールとDHAとを同時に強化するという所期の目的は達成されない。そこで、技術常識をあえて無視して魚油を低温で分子蒸留したところ、コレステロール含量及びDHA含量が保持されるという有用新知見は得られたが、今度は風味が低下してしまって食用には供せないものとなり、やはり所期の目的は達成されない。
【0007】
このようにコレステロール含量及びDHA含量を保持することと、風味の良好な油脂を調製することとは、本来両立し得ないものであるが、本発明はあえてこの困難な問題に挑戦し、両者を両立させるだけでなく、更に飲食品の面から風味、食感、外観等についても満足できる、従来未知の全く新規な油脂を、しかも工業的に製造するシステムを開発するという新規技術課題を新たに設定した。
【0008】
上記のように、本来併立させることがきわめて困難な上記した3つの要件を同時に満足させるため鋭意研究を行い、適用できないとされていた魚油の低温分子蒸留に再度着目し、従来の技術常識にあえて対抗して各種処理条件を徹底的に検討した結果、全く予期せざることに、特定の低温域で分子蒸留を行うことにより、DHA含量の保持はもとより、コレステロール含量も保持されると同時に、風味も良好になるという有用新知見を得た。
そして更に検討した結果、分別操作により、DHAと同時にコレステロールも濃縮されることも新たに見出した。
そのうえ、これらの処理によって油脂の風味が変化したり劣化したりすることがないので、食用油脂として単独で又は添加物ないし強化剤としても自由且つ広範に使用できるという有用新知見も得た。
すなわち、これらの処理によって従来併立せしめることができなかった3つの要件をすべて同時に満足しうる油脂の創製に成功し、本発明の完成に至ったものである。
【0009】
本発明の基本的技術思想は次のとおりである。
本発明の第1は魚油を、130℃〜200℃で分子蒸留処理することを特徴とするコレステロール強化油脂および調製方法である。
本発明の第2は、分別操作によりコレステロールおよびDHAをさらに強化した請求項1記載のコレステロール強化油脂および調製方法である。
本発明の第3は、本発明1および2で得られたコレステロール強化油脂を配合してなる乳児用調製乳等の各種飲食品である。以下本発明を具体的に説明する。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に用いる魚油としては、一般に使用されている魚油でよく、例えば、マグロ油、カツオ油、イワシ油、サバ油、サンマ油、スケトウダラ油等が使用され、また、これらの混合油または濃縮油を用いることができるが、乳児用調製乳へはDHA含有量が高いマグロ油やカツオ油が好ましい。
【0011】
本発明に用いる分子蒸留は、従来の条件230℃〜260℃より低温で行うことが必要で、130℃〜200℃である。好ましくは、140℃〜180℃である。130℃未満では不純物が除去できず風味が悪く、200℃を超えるとコレステロールの含量が急に減少する。
また、真空度は一般の分子蒸留の条件に準じ、具体的には1×10-3〜1×10-2mmHgであることが好ましい。この範囲未満では不純物が除去できず風味が悪く、超えるとコレステロールの含量が減少する。
本発明にしたがって魚油を分別処理するには、分別処理の常法が使用され、ドライ分別及び溶剤分別のいずれの方法も広く使用されるが、さらに成分含量の高い油脂を得る場合には、より濃縮効果の高い溶剤分別が好適である。
【0012】
このようにして得た本発明に係る油脂は、コレステロール、DHAの含量が高いだけでなく、風味、食感、外観等においていささかも問題点はなく、それ自体食用に供することができることはもちろんのこと、各種の飲料、食品に自由に配合して、コレステロール、DHAの強化に使用することができる。
【0013】
本発明に係る油脂は、例えば、乳幼児用調製乳その他乳製品に添加使用して、コレステロール、DHA強化製品を製造することができ、健常者はもとより、乳幼児、病弱者、老人等の飲食品として有利に利用できる。
【0014】
本発明に係る油脂を用いて調製乳を調製するには、例えば次のようにして行えばよい。
すなわち、脱脂乳、牛乳カゼイン、牛乳脱塩ホエイタンパク質、乳糖、オリゴ糖、ショ糖およびデキストリンを温湯に溶解混合後、ビタミン・ミネラル類(例えば、ビタミンB1、ビタミンB2、ビタミンB6、L−アスコルビン酸ナトリウム、パントテン酸カルシウム、ナイアシン、葉酸、クエン酸第一鉄ナトリウム、硫酸第一鉄もしくはピロリン酸第二鉄、塩化カリウム、塩化ナトリウム、炭酸カルシウム、硫酸マグネシウムもしくは塩化マグネシウム、硫酸銅、硫酸亜鉛など)を溶解した水溶液を加え、水相部とする。
この溶液に、バターオイル、モノグリセリド、大豆レシチン、ビタミンA、D、Eなどを添加したコレステロール強化油脂を加え、ホモミキサーにて混合し、ホモジナイザーで均質化する。得られた乳化液を常法により殺菌、濃縮、噴霧乾燥して調製粉乳とする。この調製粉乳を温湯に溶解し約6〜8倍に希釈して調乳にする。
【0015】
以下、本発明を実施例によって具体的に説明する。
【0016】
【実施例1】
マグロ頭部およびカツオ頭部より煮取法により採取した原油を通常の条件で精製し、マグロ精製油およびカツオ精製油を得た。この油脂のDHA含量およびコレステロール含量を表1に示した。
【0017】
【表1】

Figure 0003798066
【0018】
このマグロ精製油20Kgを攪拌しながら−20℃まで冷却し、24時間後に吸引濾過し、マグロ分別液体部を9.51Kg得た。また、カツオ精製油30Kgをアセトン300リットルに溶解し、攪拌しながら−40℃まで冷却し、24時間後に吸引濾過し、カツオ分別液体部を10.49Kg得た。この油脂のDHA含量およびコレステロール含量を表2に示した。
【0019】
【表2】
Figure 0003798066
【0020】
得られたマグロ精製油4Kgを日本真空製分子蒸留装置(CEH−300BII加熱温度170℃ 流量:20リットル/時間 真空度5×10-3mmHgパス回数2回)にかけ、コレステロール強化油脂3.80Kgを得た。この油脂の品質を表3に示した。風味の評価は10人のパネラーによる官能テストによった。すなわち、油脂を20ミリリットルのビーカーにとり口に含んで風味の官能テストを行った。10人中9人以上が風味良好としたものを良好とした。
【0021】
【実施例2】
実施例1で得られたカツオ分別液体部のうち4Kgを日本真空製分子蒸留装置(CEH−300BII 加熱温度150℃ 流量:20リットル/時間 真空度5×10-3mmHgパス回数2回)にかけ、コレステロール強化油脂3.83Kgを得た。この油脂の品質を表3に示した。
【0022】
【比較例1】
実施例1で得られたマグロ精製油4Kgを用いて加熱温度170℃を100℃に変えた以外は実施例1に準じて分子蒸留処理し、コレステロール強化油脂3.87Kgを得た。この油脂はこの油脂の品質を表3に示した。
【0023】
【比較例2】
実施例1で得られたカツオ分別液体部4Kgを用いて加熱温度260℃に変えた以外は実施例2に準じて分子蒸留処理し、コレステロール強化油脂3.75Kgを得た。この油脂の品質を表3に示した。
【0024】
【表3】
Figure 0003798066
【0025】
以上の結果より、低温で分子蒸留した魚油は風味が悪く、高温で分子蒸留した魚油はコレステロール含量が低いことがわかる。よって、本発明の分子蒸留条件の範囲の温度で処理した油脂はコレステロール含量が高く、かつ不純物が除去され風味が良いことが確認された。
【0026】
【実施例3】
実施例1で調製したコレステロール強化油脂を用いて、表4の配合割合でラード、大豆油、パーム核油、パームオレインおよびコレステロール強化油脂を40℃で融解混合し母乳脂代替脂を調製した。この代替脂のコレステロール含量を表4に示した。
【0027】
【実施例4】
実施例2で調製したコレステロール強化油脂を用いて、表4の配合で実施例3に準じて母乳脂代替脂を調製した。この代替脂のコレステロール含量を表4に示した。
【0028】
【表4】
Figure 0003798066
【0029】
【比較例3】
比較例1で調製したコレステロール強化油脂を用いて、表4の配合で母乳脂代替脂を調製した。この代替脂のコレステロール含量を表4に示した。
【0030】
【比較例4】
比較例2で調製したコレステロール強化油脂を用いて、表4の配合で母乳脂代替脂を調製した。この代替脂のコレステロール含量を表4に示した。
表4より実施例3、4は比較例3、4より多くのコレステロールを含有し、かつ風味が優れていることが確認された。
【0031】
【実施例5、実施例6】
比較的多くのコレステロールを含有し、かつ風味が優れている実施例3、4における配合油を用いて乳児用調製粉乳を調製した。
所定量の脱脂乳、脱塩ホエイタンパク質、カゼイン、乳糖などの乳成分を溶解し、必要量のビタミン類、ミネラル類を添加する。この溶解液を清浄化後、殺菌、濃縮する。この濃縮液に対して実施例3もしくは実施例4の配合油の所定量を殺菌して加える。それぞれ実施例5もしくは実施例6に相当する。こうして調製した液を均質化後、噴霧乾燥して粉末状のものを得る。または、液状の状態で製品化した。
【0032】
実施例5では、表5に示されたように、コレステロール含量が配合油からの分と乳成分からの分を合わせて、粉末状で42mg/100g、液状で5、9mg/100mlのものが得られ、従来品の32mg/100g、4.5mg/100mlに比較して、1.3倍強、日本人レベルの1/2までに高めることが可能である。ドコサヘキサエン酸(DHA)含量を日本人の母乳レベル以上に高められる。
【0033】
実施例6では、表5に示されたように、コレステロール含量が配合油からの分と乳成分からの分を合わせて、粉末状で46mg/100g、液状で6.4mg/100mlのものが得られ、実施例5と同様、従来品の32mg/100g、4.5mg/100mlに比較して1.4倍強、日本人レベルの1/2強までに高めることが可能である。また、ドコサヘキサエン酸(DHA)含量を日本人の母乳レベル以上に高められる。
【0034】
【表5】
Figure 0003798066
【0035】
実施例5もしくは実施例6の乳児用調製粉乳または液状にしたものを各20名の健康な正常乳児に与えて哺育したとき、母乳栄養児に近い血中コレステロールレベル、および母乳栄養児以上のリン脂質中のDHAレベルを得ることができた。その結果を表6、表7に示す。
【0036】
【表6】
Figure 0003798066
【0037】
【表7】
Figure 0003798066
【0008】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、DHA含量が高く、不純物が除去され、風味良好なコレステロール強化油脂が得られる。
本発明に係るコレステロール強化油脂は、育児用調製粉乳その他乳製品を含む各種飲食品に添加使用して、これらのコレステロール、DHA強化を行うことができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cholesterol-enriched oil and fat and a method for preparing the same. The fats and oils prepared according to the present invention are strengthened not only with cholesterol but also with DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), and are excellent in flavor and texture, so that they can be used as edible fats and oils themselves. In addition to oil and fat components, it can be used to strengthen cholesterol and DHA.
As foods and drinks, in addition to various beverages and foods for infants, the elderly, patients who are ill or prognostic, various drinks and foods for normal or health use are also widely included. The present invention is particularly useful for infant formulas. The formula milk as used herein refers to a powder prepared and a liquid prepared by dissolving it or a liquid prepared from the beginning.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Since cholesterol is a causative agent for adult diseases, efforts have been made to remove it from food in recent years. However, cholesterol is an essential nutrient for living organisms and is used in vivo as a component of cell membranes and as a raw material for hormones and bile acids. Even in the case of adults, excessive intake has an adverse effect on the living body, and an appropriate level of cholesterol intake is necessary.
[0003]
In infants, the need for cholesterol is considered higher than adults due to significant brain and nervous system development. Breast milk is the only nutrient supply for infants.
Breast milk contains large amounts of cholesterol, preventing infants from becoming cholesterol deficient. Incidentally, the cholesterol content in breast milk is usually 12.6 ± 4.8 mg / 100 ml (Picciano et al .: Clin. Pediatr., 17, 359 (1978)), and in the case of Japanese breast milk, 11.7 ± 1. 95 mg / 100 ml (Yonekubo et al., Child Health Research, 46,349 (1987)).
[0004]
In contrast, conventional infant formula contains only 3-4 mg / 100 ml of cholesterol, and its content is about 1/3 or less of breast milk. Cholesterol content can be slightly increased by changing the composition of fats and proteins in infant formula. However, this alone is difficult to increase the cholesterol content to the level of breast milk.
Although cholesterol can be temporarily strengthened by adding substituted cholesterol to fats and oils, commercially available cholesterol is mainly derived from lanolin.
As a method for concentrating and utilizing cholesterol in fish oil, JP-A 61-261398 discloses a method using a supercritical gas such as carbon dioxide.
In recent years, in order to strengthen DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) contained in breast milk, purified fish oil subjected to normal molecular distillation treatment has been added to infant formula. Japanese breast milk contains 0.63 ± 0.24% of DHA as a fatty acid composition (Yonekubo et al., Child Health Research, 46,349 (1987)).
However, a highly safe oil and fat that can enhance DHA in addition to cholesterol and that does not deteriorate the flavor, appearance, physical properties, etc. has not been known.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the current state of the art, and the method of adding cholesterol directly to fats and oils in the above-described prior art is because safety of commercially available cholesterol is mainly derived from lanolin. In addition, there is a drawback that high temperature is required to dissolve this, resulting in deterioration of fats and oils.
The method of concentrating and utilizing the cholesterol of fish oil is a method using a supercritical gas, so that the operation of the production process is complicated and the cost is high.
Moreover, since the method using molecular distillation usually performs molecular distillation at 230 ° C. to 260 ° C., cholesterol is also removed.
Therefore, the object of the present invention is to solve these problems, and is an oil that can enhance cholesterol at the same time as DHA, and can be added to various foods and drinks without changing the flavor, quality, etc. It is to provide new oils and fats that can be produced.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, focusing on the molecular distillation method particularly from an industrial aspect, when the fish oil was molecularly distilled according to a conventional method, the cholesterol content was drastically reduced although the DHA content was retained as described above. The intended purpose of enhancing cholesterol and DHA simultaneously is not achieved. Therefore, when the technical common sense was disregarded and the fish oil was molecularly distilled at a low temperature, a useful new finding that the cholesterol content and the DHA content were retained was obtained. After all, the intended purpose is not achieved.
[0007]
Thus, maintaining the cholesterol content and the DHA content and preparing a fat and oil having a good flavor are incompatible with each other, but the present invention dares to challenge this difficult problem, A new technical challenge is to develop a system for industrially producing completely new and unknown oils and fats that can satisfy both flavor and texture, appearance, etc. Set.
[0008]
As described above, in order to satisfy the above-mentioned three requirements that are extremely difficult to coexist at the same time, we conducted intensive research and focused again on the low temperature molecular distillation of fish oil, which had been considered to be inapplicable, and dared to revert to the conventional technical common sense. As a result of thorough examination of various treatment conditions, the molecular distillation at a specific low temperature range not only keeps the DHA content, but also the cholesterol content, and at the same time the flavor. We also obtained useful new knowledge that it will be better.
As a result of further investigation, it was newly found that cholesterol is also concentrated simultaneously with DHA by the fractionation operation.
In addition, since the flavor of the fats and oils is not changed or deteriorated by these treatments, useful new knowledge was obtained that they can be used freely and widely as edible fats and oils alone or as additives or fortifiers.
That is, the present inventors have succeeded in creating oils and fats that can simultaneously satisfy all three requirements that could not be combined together by these treatments, and have completed the present invention.
[0009]
The basic technical idea of the present invention is as follows.
A first aspect of the present invention is a cholesterol-enriched oil and fat and a preparation method characterized by subjecting fish oil to molecular distillation treatment at 130 ° C to 200 ° C.
The second aspect of the present invention is the cholesterol-enriched oil or fat according to claim 1, wherein cholesterol and DHA are further enriched by fractionation.
3rd of this invention is various food-drinks, such as infant formula, which mix | blends the cholesterol enriched fats and oils obtained by this invention 1 and 2. The present invention will be specifically described below.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The fish oil used in the present invention may be a commonly used fish oil such as tuna oil, bonito oil, sardine oil, mackerel oil, saury oil, walleye pollack oil, etc., or a mixed oil or concentrated oil thereof. However, tuna oil and bonito oil having a high DHA content are preferable for infant formulas.
[0011]
The molecular distillation used in the present invention needs to be performed at a temperature lower than the conventional conditions of 230 ° C to 260 ° C, and is 130 ° C to 200 ° C. Preferably, it is 140 to 180 degreeC. If it is less than 130 ° C., impurities cannot be removed and the taste is bad, and if it exceeds 200 ° C., the content of cholesterol is rapidly reduced.
Moreover, the degree of vacuum according to the conditions of the general molecular distillation, it is preferable specifically a 1 × 10- 3 ~1 × 10- 2 mmHg. If it is less than this range, impurities cannot be removed and the flavor is poor, and if it exceeds, the cholesterol content decreases.
In order to fractionate fish oil according to the present invention, a conventional method of fractionation treatment is used, and both dry fractionation and solvent fractionation are widely used. Solvent fractionation with a high concentration effect is preferred.
[0012]
The fats and oils according to the present invention thus obtained not only have a high content of cholesterol and DHA, but also have no problems in flavor, texture, appearance, etc., and of course can be used for food. In addition, it can be freely blended in various beverages and foods and used for strengthening cholesterol and DHA.
[0013]
The fats and oils according to the present invention can be used, for example, in addition to infant formulas and other dairy products to produce cholesterol and DHA-enhanced products, as well as healthy foods and drinks for infants, sick people, elderly people, etc. It can be used advantageously.
[0014]
In order to prepare formula using the fats and oils according to the present invention, for example, the following may be performed.
That is, skim milk, milk casein, milk desalted whey protein, lactose, oligosaccharide, sucrose and dextrin are dissolved and mixed in warm water, and then vitamins and minerals (for example, vitamin B 1 , vitamin B 2 , vitamin B 6 , L -Sodium ascorbate, calcium pantothenate, niacin, folic acid, sodium ferrous citrate, ferrous sulfate or ferric pyrophosphate, potassium chloride, sodium chloride, calcium carbonate, magnesium sulfate or magnesium chloride, copper sulfate, sulfuric acid An aqueous solution in which zinc or the like is dissolved is added to form an aqueous phase.
Cholesterol-enriched fats and oils to which butter oil, monoglyceride, soybean lecithin, vitamins A, D, E and the like are added are added to this solution, mixed with a homomixer, and homogenized with a homogenizer. The obtained emulsion is sterilized, concentrated and spray-dried by a conventional method to obtain a prepared powdered milk. This prepared powdered milk is dissolved in warm water and diluted approximately 6 to 8 times to prepare milk.
[0015]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples.
[0016]
[Example 1]
Crude oil collected from the tuna and bonito heads by boiling was refined under normal conditions to obtain tuna refined oil and bonito refined oil. Table 1 shows the DHA content and cholesterol content of this fat.
[0017]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003798066
[0018]
20 kg of this tuna refined oil was cooled to −20 ° C. with stirring, and after 24 hours, suction filtration was performed to obtain 9.51 kg of a tuna fractionation liquid portion. Moreover, 30 kg of bonito refined oil was dissolved in 300 liters of acetone, cooled to −40 ° C. with stirring, and suction filtered after 24 hours to obtain 10.49 kg of a skipjack fractionated liquid portion. Table 2 shows the DHA content and cholesterol content of this fat.
[0019]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003798066
[0020]
4Kg of the obtained refined tuna oil is subjected to a molecular distillation apparatus (CEH-300BII heating temperature 170 ° C., flow rate: 20 liters / hour, vacuum degree 5 × 10 −3 mmHg pass 2 times) made by Nippon Vacuum, and 3.80 Kg of cholesterol-enriched oil / fat is added. Obtained. The quality of this fat is shown in Table 3. The evaluation of the flavor was based on a sensory test by 10 panelists. That is, a taste sensory test was conducted by taking oil and fat in a 20 ml beaker and putting it in the mouth. 9 or more out of 10 people considered good flavor.
[0021]
[Example 2]
4 kg of the bonito fractionating liquid part obtained in Example 1 was applied to a molecular distillation apparatus (CEH-300BII, heating temperature 150 ° C., flow rate: 20 liters / hour, degree of vacuum 5 × 10 −3 mmHg pass 2 times) manufactured by Nippon Vacuum, 3.83 kg of cholesterol-enriched oil was obtained. The quality of this fat is shown in Table 3.
[0022]
[Comparative Example 1]
A molecular distillation treatment was carried out according to Example 1 except that 4 kg of the refined tuna oil obtained in Example 1 was used and the heating temperature of 170 ° C. was changed to 100 ° C. to obtain 3.87 kg of cholesterol-enriched fats and oils. Table 3 shows the quality of this fat.
[0023]
[Comparative Example 2]
A molecular distillation treatment was carried out in accordance with Example 2 except that the heating temperature was changed to 260 ° C. using 4 kg of the skipjack fractionated liquid portion obtained in Example 1, and 3.75 kg of cholesterol-enriched oil and fat was obtained. The quality of this fat is shown in Table 3.
[0024]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003798066
[0025]
From the above results, it can be seen that fish oil molecularly distilled at low temperatures has a poor flavor, and fish oil molecularly distilled at high temperatures has a low cholesterol content. Therefore, it was confirmed that the fats and oils processed at the temperature within the range of the molecular distillation conditions of the present invention have a high cholesterol content, and impurities are removed and the flavor is good.
[0026]
[Example 3]
Using the cholesterol-enriched oil and fat prepared in Example 1, lard, soybean oil, palm kernel oil, palm olein and cholesterol-enriched oil and fat were melted and mixed at 40 ° C. at the blending ratios shown in Table 4 to prepare a milk fat substitute fat. The cholesterol content of this substitute fat is shown in Table 4.
[0027]
[Example 4]
By using the cholesterol-enriched oil and fat prepared in Example 2, a milk fat substitute fat was prepared according to Example 3 with the formulation shown in Table 4. The cholesterol content of this substitute fat is shown in Table 4.
[0028]
[Table 4]
Figure 0003798066
[0029]
[Comparative Example 3]
Using the cholesterol-enriched fat / oil prepared in Comparative Example 1, a milk fat substitute fat was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 4. The cholesterol content of this substitute fat is shown in Table 4.
[0030]
[Comparative Example 4]
By using the cholesterol-enriched fat / oil prepared in Comparative Example 2, a milk fat substitute fat was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 4. The cholesterol content of this substitute fat is shown in Table 4.
From Table 4, it was confirmed that Examples 3 and 4 contained more cholesterol than Comparative Examples 3 and 4 and were excellent in flavor.
[0031]
[Examples 5 and 6]
An infant formula was prepared using the blended oils of Examples 3 and 4 which contained a relatively large amount of cholesterol and had an excellent flavor.
A predetermined amount of skim milk, desalted whey protein, casein, lactose and other milk components are dissolved, and necessary amounts of vitamins and minerals are added. After this solution is cleaned, it is sterilized and concentrated. A predetermined amount of the blended oil of Example 3 or Example 4 is sterilized and added to this concentrate. This corresponds to Example 5 or Example 6, respectively. The liquid thus prepared is homogenized and then spray-dried to obtain a powder. Alternatively, it was commercialized in a liquid state.
[0032]
In Example 5, as shown in Table 5, the cholesterol content from the blended oil and the milk component was combined to obtain a powder of 42 mg / 100 g, a liquid of 5, 9 mg / 100 ml. Compared to 32 mg / 100 g and 4.5 mg / 100 ml of the conventional product, it is possible to increase it to a little over 1.3 times and to 1/2 of the Japanese level. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content can be raised above Japanese breast milk level.
[0033]
In Example 6, as shown in Table 5, the cholesterol content is 46 mg / 100 g in powder form and 6.4 mg / 100 ml in liquid form by combining the ingredients from the blended oil and milk ingredients. As in Example 5, it is possible to increase to 1.4 times more than the conventional products of 32 mg / 100 g and 4.5 mg / 100 ml, and to more than 1/2 of the Japanese level. In addition, the content of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) can be raised above the Japanese breast milk level.
[0034]
[Table 5]
Figure 0003798066
[0035]
When the infant formula of Example 5 or Example 6 or a liquefied product was fed to each of 20 healthy normal infants and breast-fed, the blood cholesterol level close to that of a breast-feeding infant, and a phosphorus level higher than that of the breast-feeding infant DHA levels in the lipid could be obtained. The results are shown in Tables 6 and 7.
[0036]
[Table 6]
Figure 0003798066
[0037]
[Table 7]
Figure 0003798066
[0008]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a cholesterol-enriched oil and fat having a high DHA content, removing impurities, and having a good flavor is obtained.
The cholesterol-enriched fats and oils according to the present invention can be added to and used in various foods and drinks including infant formula and other dairy products to enhance these cholesterol and DHA.

Claims (1)

分別によりDHA及びコレステロールを強化した魚油を、140〜180℃で分子蒸留処理することを特徴とする、コレステロール及びDHA強化食用油脂の調製方法A method for preparing cholesterol and DHA-enriched edible fats and oils, characterized by subjecting fish oil enriched with DHA and cholesterol by fractionation to molecular distillation at 140 to 180 ° C.
JP13063196A 1995-05-19 1996-04-30 Cholesterol-enriched oil and fat and preparation method thereof Expired - Fee Related JP3798066B2 (en)

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US7977498B2 (en) 2005-08-26 2011-07-12 Ocean Nutrition Canada Limited Reduction of sterols and other compounds from oils
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JP2010120861A (en) * 2008-11-17 2010-06-03 Yashima Shoji Kk Hypotensive substance
JP6817313B2 (en) * 2016-09-02 2021-01-20 太陽油脂株式会社 Oil and fat composition for use in formula milk powder for childcare
US20210161165A1 (en) * 2017-09-01 2021-06-03 Fuji Oil Holdings Inc. Oil and fat composition containing unsaturated fatty acid
WO2019146207A1 (en) * 2018-01-25 2019-08-01 不二製油グループ本社株式会社 Soybean milk beverage containing highly unsaturated fatty acids
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