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JP3810205B2 - Pin terminal for wire bonding - Google Patents
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JP3810205B2 - Pin terminal for wire bonding - Google Patents

Pin terminal for wire bonding Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3810205B2
JP3810205B2 JP07832998A JP7832998A JP3810205B2 JP 3810205 B2 JP3810205 B2 JP 3810205B2 JP 07832998 A JP07832998 A JP 07832998A JP 7832998 A JP7832998 A JP 7832998A JP 3810205 B2 JP3810205 B2 JP 3810205B2
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Prior art keywords
tin
plating
wire bonding
pin terminal
wire
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JP07832998A
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JPH11260994A (en
Inventor
利久 原
聡 丸尾
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10WGENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H10W72/00Interconnections or connectors in packages
    • H10W72/50Bond wires
    • H10W72/531Shapes of wire connectors
    • H10W72/5363Shapes of wire connectors the connected ends being wedge-shaped
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10WGENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H10W72/00Interconnections or connectors in packages
    • H10W72/50Bond wires
    • H10W72/541Dispositions of bond wires
    • H10W72/5445Dispositions of bond wires being orthogonal to a side surface of the chip, e.g. parallel arrangements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10WGENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H10W72/00Interconnections or connectors in packages
    • H10W72/50Bond wires
    • H10W72/551Materials of bond wires
    • H10W72/552Materials of bond wires comprising metals or metalloids, e.g. silver
    • H10W72/5524Materials of bond wires comprising metals or metalloids, e.g. silver comprising aluminium [Al]

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  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Lead Frames For Integrated Circuits (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は自動車電子制御ユニットなどのワイヤボンディングで配線される電装品において、良好なワイヤボンディング性と接合部の信頼性を要求される銅合金製端子に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、電子制御ユニットは自動車の室内に配置され、車特有の熱や振動、環境の厳しさから保護されていた。しかし、自動車の電装化の進展と居住性の向上に伴い、電子制御ユニットは、エンジンルームまたは車体下部に配置されるようになった。さらに、電子制御装置に要求される機能が増加し、端子の小型化とともに制御配線の増加が進んでいる。
現在、端子には銅合金に直接、または下地に銅めっきを施した後に錫めっきをおこなっているが、配置環境の悪化や要求機能の増加による信頼性の低下が問題となっていた。
【0003】
端子の信頼性を向上させる目的で、銅合金と錫めっきの間にニッケルめっきを行うことが特公平1−48355号公報に記載されている。しかし、これはニッケルめっき厚みが0.1μm以下であり、亜鉛やマグネシウムなどを含む強度400N/mm2以上の銅合金に適用すると拡散を抑える効果が不十分であった。またニッケルめっきが薄いと表面の鏡面反射率を高くするのが難しく、電子制御ユニットの制御回路と端子をアルミニウム線で接続する場合にワイヤボンディング性が悪くなる。
【0004】
また、亜鉛を含む銅合金の高温使用での接触抵抗を低くおさえ、電気接続の信頼性を保つことが特開平8−7960号公報に記載されている。そこではニッケルめっきの厚みが0.1〜5μmと規定されているが、錫めっき厚みが厚く(実施例で約1.5μm)、ニッケルと錫の厚い合金層ができるという問題があった。また、アルミニウム線のワイヤボンディング性や、樹脂モールドの際の樹脂密着性については全く検討されていない。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
近年、電子制御ユニット用端子の接続にアルミニウム線が用いられるようになり、端子表面の改善が重要課題となっている。従って、本発明は、配置環境の悪化による腐食や振動に強い端子を提供するとともに、良好なワイヤボンディング性を有し、かつ、高温環境下での信頼性に優れる銅合金製ピン端子を提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明に係るワイヤボンディング用ピン端子は、亜鉛、錫及びマグネシウムの1種又は2種以上を合計で0.5〜37%含み、かつ強度400N/mm2以上を有する銅合金からなる基材の表面に、コバルトを0.01〜5%含むニッケル合金めっきが0.5〜5μmの厚さで施され、ワイヤボンディング部の表面粗さがRmaxで1.0μm以下、表面光沢が鏡面反射率で30%以上であり、さらに、外装接合部分に厚さ1.4μm以下の錫又は錫合金めっきが施されていることを特徴とする。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明に係るピン端子について詳細に説明する。なお、図1及び図2は本発明に係るピン端子の概略図であり、銅又は銅合金製のピン端子基材1にニッケル合金めっき2が施され、その外装接合部分に錫又は錫合金めっき3が施されている。4はピン端子のニッケル合金めっき上にボンディングされたアルミニウム(アルミニウム合金を含む意味で用いている)線である。
【0008】
本発明に係るピン端子において、基材1として亜鉛、錫又はマグネシウムの1種又は2種以上を合計で0.5〜37%含み、かつ強度(引張強さ)400N/mm2以上の銅合金を用いるのは、自動車の電装化及び電気自動車などの進展にともない配線回路の多ピン化と小型化が進むなかで、強度が高く振動に強いピン端子を安定的に得るために必要なためである。
亜鉛、錫又はマグネシウムの含有量を合計で0.5%以上とすることで、高温環境下で使用された場合に優れた応力緩和特性を得るとともに、亜鉛やマグネシウムは合金層成長時のボイド防止効果を得ることができ、めっき皮膜やはんだの剥離を防止できる。一方、これらの元素が合計で37%を超えると、銅合金の金属組織が不均一になり、最終仕上げ表面を欠陥なく仕上げることが難しくなるとともに、生産性が低下する。なお、亜鉛は0.01〜36%の範囲、錫は0.01〜10%の範囲、マグネシウムは0.01〜10%の範囲とすることが好ましい。
【0009】
銅合金が亜鉛、錫又はマグネシウムを含有する場合、これらの元素は銅中の拡散速度が早いため、高温環境下に長時間保持したとき表面で濃縮し、外装接合部での接触抵抗を大きくし耐食性を低下させるという問題がある。これを防止するため、本発明に係るピン端子では、基材表面にコバルトを0.01〜5%含むニッケル合金めっき2を施している。
コバルト含有量を0.01〜5%としたのは、0.01%以下では上記の元素の拡散を抑制する効果が少なく、5%を越えるとニッケルめっきの加工性が低下する。つまり、0.01〜5%の範囲が総合的に優れている。好ましくは0.1〜1%の範囲である。
また、ニッケル合金めっきの厚さを0.5〜5μmとしたのは、0.5μm以下では前記元素の拡散を抑制する効果が少なく、5μmを越えるとニッケル合金めっきの加工性が低下するためである。加工性が低下するとニッケル合金めっき層の応力付加部(製造工程における曲げ加工部)に割れが発生し、亜鉛やマグネシウムが拡散しやすくなり、高温環境下での信頼性が低下する。Ni合金めっきの厚さは1.5〜3μmの範囲が特に好適である。
【0010】
本発明に係るピン端子において、ニッケル合金めっきの表面状態を規定したのは、ワイヤボンディングの信頼性を向上させるためである。なお、従来のピン端子にはワイヤボンディング部がなかったため、表面の状態は制御されていなかった。
上記ニッケル合金めっき皮膜にアルミニウム線4の接合を行う場合、最適な表面処理状態は接合時にかける荷重や超音波の強さ、種類により異なるが、その表面粗さとしてはRmaxで1.0μm以下が望ましい。これは、Rmaxで1.0μmを越えると端子表面とワイヤの間に空間部分ができ、高温環境下でワイヤの接合強度の低下が発生するためである。
【0011】
さらに、ワイヤボンディング性は表面粗さのみでなく、表面粗さの数値には表れないニッケル合金めっき表面の光沢の影響を受ける。表面光沢は銅合金製素材製造時の表面仕上げ状態とともにニッケル合金めっき時の添加剤の種類と濃度、めっき条件によって変わる。表面光沢が鏡面反射率で30%より低くなると、めっき粒子が粗いためにワイヤボンディングがしにくくなり、生産性が低下する。また、アルミニウム線の耐食性を上げるため、アルミニウム線に微量のニッケルやマグネシウムやシリコンを添加する場合もあるが、このようにアルミニウム線を合金にすると、最適なワイヤ接合条件範囲が狭くなる(合金化するとアルミニウム線が硬くなり、接合時に最適な変形量を得るためには超音波や荷重を高くかける必要があり、そうすると線が切れやすくなるため短時間で行う必要がある)ため、端子表面の制御はさらに重要である。
なお、本発明に係るピン端子において、良好なワイヤボンディング性を得るには、ニッケルめっきの表面に長さ100μm以上の欠陥(ピンホール)は3個/cm2以下が望ましい。また、面積0.01mm2以上の欠陥はないことが望ましい。
【0012】
錫又は錫合金めっき3は、ピン端子の樹脂(ワイヤボンディングされた部分は樹脂によって封止される)から露出している端子部分の耐食性を向上させ、また端子部分(外装接合部)の電気的信頼性の向上のため、具体的には端子部分の酸化が進んで電気接触抵抗が高くなったり、端子のかん合力が低下するのを防止するために施される。錫又は錫合金めっきを施すことにより、塩水や亜硫酸ガスに対する耐食性も向上する。
ここで、錫又は錫合金めっき厚みを1.4μm以下としたのは、1.4μmを越えても特性の向上が少ないとともに、高温環境下で長時間保持されニッケルと錫の合金層が厚く成長したとき、合金層部分での強度低下が発生するためである。望ましくは0.1μm以上である。なお、多ピン化により挿抜力を低く設定する場合は、錫又は錫合金めっきの厚みを0.8μm以下にすることが望ましい。また、錫又は錫合金めっきは、加熱によりニッケルと強制的に合金化させても良い。
【0013】
錫合金めっきとしては、Sn−Pb、Sn−Ag、Sn−Sb、Sn−Zn合金めっきなどが行われる。また、BiやInを添加し、融点を低くした錫合金めっきを用いてもよい。Sn−Zn−Bi合金やSn−Ag−Zn−Bi合金などの多元合金でもかまわない。ただし、錫中の添加元素の量は信頼性の点より合計で25%以下が望ましい。
コストダウンの目的で外装接合部の錫又は錫合金めっきを製品組み立後に浸漬被覆で行ってもかまわない。
【0014】
樹脂密着性は樹脂の種類により特性が異なる。樹脂と金属酸化物はイオン結合、水素結合、双曲子の配向によって結合する。樹脂が酸性の場合にはコバルトやニッケルの酸化物表面が良く、樹脂が塩基性の場合には錫の酸化物表面の方が結合強度は高い。従って、樹脂に合わせて錫めっきエリアを制御することが望ましい。そして、樹脂は金属の酸化物と結合するため、樹脂密着性を向上させる目的で樹脂封止前に加熱処理を施すことが望ましい。また、加熱処理は加工時の応力を緩和させるとともに、錫めっきの合金化促進などの作用がある。
【0015】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例について説明する。表1に示す厚さ0.4mmの銅合金(基材)の表面にNi合金めっきを施し、90度曲げ加工し、さらに外装接合部のみに錫めっきを施して、ワイヤボンディング用ピン端子を作成した。各々の基材強度、Ni合金めっきのCo含有量とめっき厚、ワイヤボンディング部の表面粗さ(Rmax)と表面光沢(鏡面反射率)、外装接合部の錫めっき厚を表2に示す。
【0016】
【表1】

Figure 0003810205
【0017】
【表2】
Figure 0003810205
【0018】
なお、各特性値の試験方法は次の通りである。
基材強度・・・・JIS5号試験片を用いJISZ2241に基づいて引張試験を行い、引張強さを求めてこれを基材強度とした。
表面粗さ(Rmax)・・・・接触式表面粗さ計を用いJISB06001に基づいて求めた。
表面光沢(鏡面反射率)・・・・JISZ8741に準じ、45度で光束を入射し、鏡面反射において反射光束の入射光束に対する比を測定した。
【0019】
このワイヤボンディングピン端子について、下記要領でワイヤボンディング性(加熱経時試験後の接合強度)及びNi合金めっきの加熱経時試験後の信頼性(めっき皮膜の割れ、剥離、変色)を評価した。その結果を表2に併せて示す。
ワイヤボンディング性・・・・ワイヤボンディングピン端子に対し200μmのアルミニウム線を荷重250g、接合時間100msで、大気中にて超音波出力を5.5〜6.5Wとしてワイヤボンディングを行った。その後、175℃で1000時間保持後に各20〜30個ずつワイヤプル試験を行い、ワイヤ破断率100%を○(良好)とし、接合界面で剥離が起こりワイヤ破断率が100%とならなかったものは×(不良)と評価した。
ニッケルめっきの信頼性試験・・・・ワイヤボンディングピン端子を同じく175℃で1000時間保持した後、その外観とめっき密着性を評価した。外観変色がなく、90度曲げ試験(曲げ半径0.5mm)後にめっき皮膜の割れや剥離がないものを○(良好)とし、変色が認められたり、曲げ部に割れや剥離が発生したものは×(不良)と評価した。
【0020】
表2の結果をみると、本発明に規定する要件の全てを満たすNo.1〜4は、いずれもワイヤボンディング性及び加熱経時試験後の信頼性に優れている。
一方、本発明に規定する要件のいずれかを満たさないNo.5〜9は、ワイヤボンディング性及び/又は加熱経時試験後の信頼性が劣っている。具体的には、No.5は、亜鉛含有量が多いため金属組織の均一化が難しく、生産性が悪いととともに表面粗さの低減や光沢処理が難しいという問題があるためか、ワイヤボンディング性が劣っていた。また、加熱経時後の曲げ試験により曲げ加工部のNi合金めっき皮膜に割れが発生した。No.6は、ニッケルめっきがコバルトを含有しないため銅や錫の拡散が早く、加熱試験後にワイヤ接合部の強度が低下しておりワイヤボンディング性が悪かった。No.7は、銅合金基材の強度が弱く、また、加熱経時後の曲げ試験により曲げ加工部のNi合金めっき皮膜に割れが発生した。No.8は、加熱試験後に亜鉛の拡散が表面まできており、ワイヤボンディング性が悪かった。No.9は、表面仕上げ状態が悪く、ワイヤボンディング性が劣る。
【0021】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、十分な強度をもち、加熱試験後のニッケルめっきの信頼性に優れ、ワイヤボンディング性が良好で、外観の変化が少なく、耐食性に優れ、電気的特性の安定したワイヤボンディング用ピン端子を得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明に係るピン端子をアルミニウム線によりワイヤボンディングした電子制御装置の概略図である。
【図2】 本発明に係るピン端子の断面構造の概略図である。
【符号の説明】
1 銅合金製ピン端子
2 ニッケル合金めっき層
3 錫又は錫合金めっき層
4 アルミニウム線[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a copper alloy terminal that is required to have good wire bondability and reliability of a joint in an electrical component wired by wire bonding such as an automobile electronic control unit.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, the electronic control unit is disposed in the interior of a car and is protected from the heat and vibration inherent in the car and the severity of the environment. However, electronic control units have been placed in the engine room or in the lower part of the vehicle body with the advancement of electrical equipment and the improvement of habitability. Furthermore, functions required for the electronic control device are increasing, and the control wiring is increasing with the miniaturization of the terminals.
At present, tin plating is performed directly on the copper alloy or after the copper plating is applied to the base on the terminal. However, there has been a problem of deterioration in reliability due to deterioration of the arrangement environment and increase in required functions.
[0003]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-48355 discloses that nickel plating is performed between a copper alloy and tin plating for the purpose of improving the reliability of the terminal. However, this has a nickel plating thickness of 0.1 μm or less, and when applied to a copper alloy having a strength of 400 N / mm 2 or more containing zinc or magnesium, the effect of suppressing diffusion was insufficient. Further, if the nickel plating is thin, it is difficult to increase the specular reflectance of the surface, and the wire bonding property is deteriorated when the control circuit and the terminal of the electronic control unit are connected by an aluminum wire.
[0004]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-7960 describes that the reliability of electrical connection can be maintained while keeping the contact resistance of a copper alloy containing zinc at a high temperature. In this case, the thickness of the nickel plating is defined as 0.1 to 5 μm, but there is a problem that the tin plating is thick (about 1.5 μm in the example) and a thick alloy layer of nickel and tin is formed. Moreover, the wire bonding property of an aluminum wire and the resin adhesion at the time of resin molding are not examined at all.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In recent years, aluminum wires have been used to connect terminals for electronic control units, and improvement of the terminal surface has become an important issue. Accordingly, the present invention provides a pin terminal made of a copper alloy having resistance to corrosion and vibration due to deterioration of the arrangement environment, and having excellent wire bonding properties and excellent reliability in a high temperature environment. For the purpose.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The pin terminal for wire bonding according to the present invention is a base material made of a copper alloy containing 0.5 to 37% in total of one or more of zinc, tin and magnesium and having a strength of 400 N / mm 2 or more. On the surface, nickel alloy plating containing 0.01 to 5% of cobalt is applied in a thickness of 0.5 to 5 μm, the surface roughness of the wire bonding part is Rmax of 1.0 μm or less, and the surface gloss is specular reflectance. It is 30% or more, and further, tin or tin alloy plating with a thickness of 1.4 μm or less is applied to the exterior joint portion.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the pin terminal according to the present invention will be described in detail. 1 and 2 are schematic views of a pin terminal according to the present invention, in which a pin terminal substrate 1 made of copper or copper alloy is subjected to nickel alloy plating 2 and tin or tin alloy plating is applied to an exterior joint portion thereof. 3 is given. Reference numeral 4 denotes an aluminum wire (used to include an aluminum alloy) bonded on the nickel alloy plating of the pin terminal.
[0008]
In the pin terminal according to the present invention, the base material 1 contains one or more of zinc, tin, or magnesium in a total of 0.5 to 37% and has a strength (tensile strength) of 400 N / mm 2 or more. This is because it is necessary to stably obtain pin terminals that are strong and resistant to vibration as the number of wiring circuits and the size of the wiring circuits increase along with the progress of electrical and electric vehicles. is there.
By making the content of zinc, tin or magnesium 0.5% or more in total, excellent stress relaxation properties are obtained when used under high temperature environment, and zinc and magnesium prevent voids during alloy layer growth An effect can be acquired and peeling of a plating film and solder can be prevented. On the other hand, if the total amount of these elements exceeds 37%, the metal structure of the copper alloy becomes non-uniform, and it becomes difficult to finish the final finished surface without defects, and the productivity is lowered. Zinc is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 36%, tin is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 10%, and magnesium is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 10%.
[0009]
When the copper alloy contains zinc, tin or magnesium, these elements have a high diffusion rate in copper, so when they are kept in a high temperature environment for a long time, they concentrate on the surface and increase the contact resistance at the exterior joint. There is a problem of reducing the corrosion resistance. In order to prevent this, in the pin terminal according to the present invention, nickel alloy plating 2 containing 0.01 to 5% of cobalt is applied to the surface of the base material.
The reason why the cobalt content is 0.01 to 5% is that if the content is 0.01% or less, the effect of suppressing the diffusion of the above elements is small, and if it exceeds 5%, the workability of nickel plating is lowered. That is, the range of 0.01 to 5% is excellent overall. Preferably it is 0.1 to 1% of range.
The reason why the thickness of the nickel alloy plating is 0.5 to 5 μm is that the effect of suppressing the diffusion of the element is less than 0.5 μm, and if it exceeds 5 μm, the workability of the nickel alloy plating is lowered. is there. When the workability is lowered, cracks are generated in the stress-applied portion (bending portion in the manufacturing process) of the nickel alloy plating layer, zinc and magnesium are easily diffused, and the reliability in a high temperature environment is lowered. The thickness of the Ni alloy plating is particularly preferably in the range of 1.5 to 3 μm.
[0010]
The reason why the surface state of the nickel alloy plating is defined in the pin terminal according to the present invention is to improve the reliability of wire bonding. In addition, since the conventional pin terminal did not have a wire bonding part, the surface state was not controlled.
When the aluminum wire 4 is joined to the nickel alloy plating film, the optimum surface treatment state varies depending on the load applied during joining, the intensity of ultrasonic waves, and the type, but the surface roughness is Rmax of 1.0 μm or less. desirable. This is because if Rmax exceeds 1.0 μm, a space portion is formed between the terminal surface and the wire, and the bonding strength of the wire is reduced in a high temperature environment.
[0011]
Furthermore, the wire bondability is influenced not only by the surface roughness but also by the gloss of the nickel alloy plating surface that does not appear in the surface roughness values. The surface gloss varies depending on the surface finish at the time of manufacturing the copper alloy material, the type and concentration of the additive at the time of nickel alloy plating, and the plating conditions. If the surface gloss is less than 30% in terms of specular reflectivity, the plating particles are coarse, making wire bonding difficult and reducing productivity. In addition, a small amount of nickel, magnesium, or silicon may be added to the aluminum wire in order to increase the corrosion resistance of the aluminum wire. However, when the aluminum wire is alloyed in this way, the optimum wire bonding condition range becomes narrow (alloying). Then, the aluminum wire becomes hard, and it is necessary to apply a high ultrasonic wave and load in order to obtain the optimal amount of deformation at the time of joining. Is even more important.
In the pin terminal according to the present invention, in order to obtain good wire bonding properties, it is desirable that the number of defects (pinholes) having a length of 100 μm or more on the surface of nickel plating is 3 / cm 2 or less. Further, it is desirable that there are no defects with an area of 0.01 mm 2 or more.
[0012]
The tin or tin alloy plating 3 improves the corrosion resistance of the terminal portion exposed from the resin of the pin terminal (the wire-bonded portion is sealed with the resin), and the electrical property of the terminal portion (exterior bonding portion). In order to improve the reliability, specifically, the terminal portion is oxidized to prevent the electrical contact resistance from increasing and the terminal mating force from decreasing. By applying tin or tin alloy plating, corrosion resistance against salt water and sulfurous acid gas is also improved.
Here, the thickness of the tin or tin alloy plating is set to 1.4 μm or less, and even if the thickness exceeds 1.4 μm, there is little improvement in characteristics, and the nickel and tin alloy layer grows thickly for a long time in a high temperature environment. This is because a decrease in strength occurs in the alloy layer portion. Desirably, it is 0.1 μm or more. When the insertion / extraction force is set low by increasing the number of pins, the thickness of tin or tin alloy plating is preferably 0.8 μm or less. Further, tin or tin alloy plating may be forcibly alloyed with nickel by heating.
[0013]
As the tin alloy plating, Sn—Pb, Sn—Ag, Sn—Sb, Sn—Zn alloy plating or the like is performed. Moreover, you may use the tin alloy plating which added Bi and In and made melting | fusing point low. A multi-component alloy such as a Sn—Zn—Bi alloy or a Sn—Ag—Zn—Bi alloy may be used. However, the total amount of additive elements in tin is preferably 25% or less from the viewpoint of reliability.
For the purpose of cost reduction, tin or tin alloy plating of the outer joint may be performed by dip coating after assembling the product.
[0014]
Resin adhesion varies depending on the type of resin. The resin and the metal oxide are bonded by an ionic bond, a hydrogen bond, or a dipole orientation. When the resin is acidic, the surface of the oxide of cobalt or nickel is good, and when the resin is basic, the surface of the tin oxide has higher bonding strength. Therefore, it is desirable to control the tin plating area according to the resin. And since resin couple | bonds with a metal oxide, it is desirable to heat-process before resin sealing for the purpose of improving resin adhesiveness. In addition, the heat treatment relieves stress during processing and has effects such as promotion of alloying of tin plating.
[0015]
【Example】
Examples of the present invention will be described below. Ni alloy plating is applied to the surface of a copper alloy (base material) with a thickness of 0.4 mm shown in Table 1, bent 90 degrees, and tin plating is applied only to the exterior joint to create a pin terminal for wire bonding. did. Table 2 shows the strength of each substrate, the Co content and plating thickness of the Ni alloy plating, the surface roughness (Rmax) and surface gloss (mirror reflectivity) of the wire bonding part, and the tin plating thickness of the exterior joint part.
[0016]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003810205
[0017]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003810205
[0018]
The test method for each characteristic value is as follows.
Base material strength: A tensile test was performed based on JIS Z2241, using a JIS No. 5 test piece, and the tensile strength was determined and used as the base material strength.
Surface roughness (Rmax)... Obtained based on JISB06001 using a contact-type surface roughness meter.
Surface gloss (specular reflectance)... According to JISZ8741, a light beam was incident at 45 degrees, and the ratio of the reflected light beam to the incident light beam was measured in specular reflection.
[0019]
About this wire bonding pin terminal, the wire bonding property (joining strength after a heating aging test) and the reliability after a heating aging test of Ni alloy plating (cracking, peeling, and discoloration of the plating film) were evaluated in the following manner. The results are also shown in Table 2.
Wire bonding property: Wire bonding was performed by applying a 200 μm aluminum wire to a wire bonding pin terminal at a load of 250 g, a bonding time of 100 ms, and an ultrasonic output of 5.5 to 6.5 W in the atmosphere. After that, after holding at 175 ° C. for 1000 hours, a wire pull test was performed for each of 20-30 pieces, the wire breakage rate was 100% (good), peeling occurred at the bonding interface, and the wire breakage rate did not reach 100% X (defect) was evaluated.
Nickel plating reliability test: The wire bonding pin terminal was similarly held at 175 ° C. for 1000 hours, and then its appearance and plating adhesion were evaluated. No appearance discoloration and no cracking or peeling of the plating film after 90 degree bending test (bending radius 0.5 mm). Good (good), discoloration is observed or cracking or peeling occurs in the bent part. X (defect) was evaluated.
[0020]
Looking at the results in Table 2, No. 1 satisfying all of the requirements defined in the present invention. 1-4 are all excellent in wire bondability and reliability after a heat aging test.
On the other hand, No. 1 does not satisfy any of the requirements defined in the present invention. Nos. 5 to 9 are inferior in wire bondability and / or reliability after a heat aging test. Specifically, no. No. 5 was inferior in wire bonding, probably because it had a high zinc content, making it difficult to homogenize the metal structure, resulting in poor productivity and difficulty in reducing surface roughness and gloss treatment. In addition, cracks occurred in the Ni alloy plating film in the bent portion by a bending test after heating. No. In No. 6, since nickel plating did not contain cobalt, copper and tin diffused quickly, and the strength of the wire joint was lowered after the heating test, and the wire bonding property was poor. No. In No. 7, the strength of the copper alloy base material was weak, and cracks occurred in the Ni alloy plating film of the bent portion by a bending test after heating. No. In No. 8, zinc diffused to the surface after the heating test, and the wire bonding property was poor. No. No. 9 has a poor surface finish and poor wire bonding.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, for wire bonding having sufficient strength, excellent nickel plating reliability after heating test, good wire bonding property, little change in appearance, excellent corrosion resistance, and stable electrical characteristics. A pin terminal can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electronic control device in which pin terminals according to the present invention are wire bonded with aluminum wires.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional structure of a pin terminal according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Copper alloy pin terminal 2 Nickel alloy plating layer 3 Tin or tin alloy plating layer 4 Aluminum wire

Claims (1)

亜鉛、錫及びマグネシウムの1種又は2種以上を合計で0.5〜37%含み、かつ強度400N/mm2以上を有する銅合金からなる基材の表面に、コバルトを0.01〜5%含むニッケル合金めっきが0.5〜5μmの厚さで施され、ワイヤボンディング部の表面粗さがRmaxで1.0μm以下、表面光沢が鏡面反射率で30%以上であり、さらに、外装接合部分に厚さ1.4μm以下の錫又は錫合金めっきが施されていることを特徴とするワイヤボンディング用ピン端子。On the surface of a base material made of a copper alloy containing 0.5 to 37% of one or more of zinc, tin and magnesium in total and having a strength of 400 N / mm 2 or more, 0.01 to 5% of cobalt is present. Including nickel alloy plating with a thickness of 0.5 to 5 μm, surface roughness of wire bonding part is 1.0 μm or less in Rmax, surface gloss is 30% or more in specular reflectivity, and exterior joint part A pin terminal for wire bonding, wherein a tin or tin alloy plating with a thickness of 1.4 μm or less is applied to the pin terminal.
JP07832998A 1998-03-10 1998-03-10 Pin terminal for wire bonding Expired - Lifetime JP3810205B2 (en)

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