JP3812753B2 - Concrete frame surface repair method and panel and fixture used therefor - Google Patents

Description

【００２３】
上記式中、Ｘはエピクロロヒドリン、酸化スチレンの各エポキシ基開環体、テトラヒドロフラン、β−プロピオラクトン、無水マレイン酸の各開環体、および１〜約１２個の炭素原子を有するアルキレングリコールから誘導されるジオキシドより成る群より選ばれる二価の基である。また、Ｒ¹ は、２〜５個の炭素原子を有するアルキレン基を表わし、Ｒ³ およびＲ⁴ は、独立して水素原子および３〜３０個の炭素原子を有する炭化水素基から成る群より選ばれるものを表わし、
ｎは０〜１００、ｍは５〜２００，０００、ｌは１〜５，０００であり、ｎはｍ以下の整数である。
【００２４】
（ｄ）の好ましい被膜形成剤としては、ポリ酸化エチレン、ポリプロピレングリコール、ポリオキシエチレンモノオレイルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンジステアリルエーテル等が挙げられる。
これらの被膜形成剤は、ガラス繊維のサイジング剤として用いられる。これらの被膜形成剤を含有させることで、塩化ビニル樹脂とガラス繊維との界面接着性が向上する。
【００２５】
上記（ａ）〜（ｄ）から成るガラス繊維強化塩化ビニル樹脂は、押出成形、射出成形、圧縮成形、カレンダーシートの二次加工などの周知の成形法で製造され、好ましくは押し出し成形により製造される。
前記パネルに形成される第２係止爪は、パネルに一体に形成されることが好ましいが、パネルに溶接することにより形成しても良い。後者の場合は第２係止爪の素材は必ずしもパネルの素材と同一でなくてもよい。また、第２係止爪は、パネルの中央部に上下方向に連続して形成することが好ましいが、断続的に形成することもできる。また、第２係止爪は、パネルの一面に複数個平行に形成することもできる。第２係止爪が一体に形成されたパネルを形成する場合には、押出成形法でパネルを製造することが好ましい。第２係止爪が上下方向に連続して形成してある場合には、第１係止爪に嵌合しない部分の第２係止爪は、コンクリート躯体面とパネルとの間に充填される補修用充填材に対するアンカーとして作用する。
【００２６】
このようなパネルの厚さは、特に限定されないが、たとえば２．０〜５．０mm程度が好ましい。この厚さが薄すぎると、本発明のパネルとして必要な剛性がなくなり好ましくなく、厚すぎると、経済的でなくなる。
取付具
コンクリート躯体面補修方法に用いる取付具としては、パネルに形成された第２係止爪が嵌合する第１係止爪と、コンクリート躯体面の表面に取り付けられる基板とを有し、前記第１係止爪が、前記基板から曲折されることにより一体に形成してある取付具が例示される。
【００２７】
コンクリート躯体面の表面に取り付けられる取付具の基板には、長孔状のボルト孔が形成してあることが好ましい。取付具の取付位置を微調整することができるようにするためである。
取付具は、特に限定されないが、ステンレス、ＳＫ−５などのバネ鋼などの金属で構成されることが好ましい。コンクリート躯体面に対する取付具の取付位置は、特に限定されないが、補修用充填材による充填荷重を、取付具とパネルとで受けることを考慮し、鉛直方向下方で密となるように配置することが好ましい。
【００２８】
また、本発明の別の観点では、コンクリート躯体面補修方法に用いる取付具としては、パネルに形成された第２係止爪が嵌合する第１係止爪と、前記第１係止爪が表面に突出して装着され、前記コンクリート躯体面の表面に取り付けられる主基板とを有する取付具が例示される。
【００２９】
この別の観点に係る取付具では、前記第１係止爪が、爪用基板に一体に形成してあり、この爪用基板が、前記主基板の裏面に、前記第１爪部が主基板の表面から突出するように取り付けてあることが好ましい。なお、主基板の表面側に爪用基板を接合しても良いが、係合する第２爪部と第１爪部との間に作用する引っ張り力に対する耐力は、爪用基板を主基板の裏面に装着したものの方が優れている。
【００３０】
また、前記主基板は、長手方向に細長い幹板部と、この幹板部から同一平面で横方向に突出する複数の枝板部とを有し、幹板部を挟んで横方向に枝別れする少なくとも一対の枝板部の一方の端部が、他方の端部に対して嵌合自在な形状に形成してあり、前記幹板部の長手方向に沿って、複数の第１係止爪が装着してあることが好ましい。主基板を横方向に張り巡らせる際に、枝板部の一方の端部が、他方の端部に対して嵌合自在な形状であると、位置合わせの観点から都合が良い。
【００３１】
【作用】
本発明に係る方法では、まず、補修すべきコンクリート躯体面の表面の検査を行い、補修のための予備処理として欠陥部の処理を行う。欠陥部の処理としては、ひび割れ部、極端な段差部などの欠陥部を、はつり処理あるいは樹脂モルタルなどで埋め込むことなどを例示することができる。
【００３２】
次に、コンクリート躯体面の表面に、第１係止爪を有する取付具を所定間隔で取り付ける。取付具の取付は、たとえばボルトなどを用いて行う。取付具の取付間隔は、必ずしも一定でなくとも良く、コンクリート壁に取り付ける場合には、その鉛直方向下方では、取付具の取付間隔を密にすることが好ましい。後述する充填材の充填圧力に耐え得るようにするためである。
【００３３】
次に、取付具に形成された第１係止爪に嵌合可能な第２係止爪が表面に形成された複数のパネルを、第１係止爪に第２係止爪が嵌合してコンクリート躯体面とパネルとの間に空間が生じるように、コンクリート躯体面に張り巡らせる。パネルの横方向端部に、パネルの端部相互が突き合わされることにより、第２係止爪と同等な作用を成す第２係止爪半部が形成してある場合には、その突合せ端部が取付具の第１係止爪に嵌合する。
【００３４】
第２係止爪半部が形成されていないパネル端部の突合せ接合部には、パネル連結部材を装着し、その突合せ端部の隙間を埋めることが好ましい。また、コンクリート躯体面の角部（出隅、入隅等）において、パネル端部相互を突き合わせる場合には、角部用のパネル連結部材を用いることが好ましい。突合せ端部の隙間を塞ぐためと、コンクリート躯体の角部とパネル突合せ端部との間の距離を一定に保つためである。
【００３５】
パネルの第２係止爪を取付具の第１係止爪に嵌合させることにより、コンクリート躯体面から一定の距離にパネルを張り巡らせた後、これらの隙間に、セメントモルタル、ポリマーセメントモルタル、ポリマーモルタル、グラウト材などの充填材を充填する。その充填材が固化することにより、コンクリート躯体面の補修が完成する。
【００３６】
本発明では、パネルの曲げ弾性率（ＪＩＳ Ｋ ７２０３）が５００００ｋｇ／ｃｍ² 以上であるので、充填材の充填圧力によっても、パネルはほとんど変形することはない。また、このパネルは、防食性に優れているので、コンクリート躯体面を腐食から有効に防止することができる。また、このパネルは、予め成形されたものであるので、現場で、防食処理加工する必要はなくなる。このため、ガラス繊維の飛散や有機溶剤の蒸発などがなく、作業環境が良好になり、かつ施工期間の短縮を図ることができる。
【００３７】
ＦＲＰ工法では、作業者の熟練度が要求されるが、本発明の方法では、作業者の熟練度によらず、防食構造の補修作業を安定して行うことができる。このように本発明の工法は、全体としての製造コストを低減することができる。
また、特許出願公開公報などで最近提案されている工法に比較して、次に示すような利点を有する。
【００３８】
パネル自体の剛性が高いと共に、このパネルがコンクリート躯体面にワンタッチ式で取り付けられ、かつ両者間の距離が一定に設定されるために、枠や桟木が不要となり、さらに緊張材を特に必要とせず、施工がきわめて容易である。また、枠や桟木を使用しないことから、自然保護の観点でも好ましい。さらに、パネルは、プラスチック製であり、軽量であるので、狭い場所でも容易に作業することができる。
【００３９】
また、パネルとコンクリート躯体面との間に充填材を充填することにより補修と防食とが同時に完了し、パネル面には、孔などを設ける必要がないため、従来のように多数の穴の埋め込み補修作業が不要となる。
このように本発明の工法は、全体としての製造コストを低減することができる。
【００４０】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明に係るコンクリート躯体面補修方法とそれに用いるパネルおよび取付具を、図面に示す実施形態に基づき、詳細に説明する。
第１実施形態
図１は本発明の一実施形態に係るコンクリート躯体面補修方法を示す要部概略斜視図、図２は図１に示すパネルの要部斜視図、図３（Ａ）は図１に示す取付具の正面図、図３（Ｂ）は図１に示す取付具の平面図、図３（Ｃ）は図１に示す取付具の側面図、図４はコンクリート壁に対する取付具の取付位置の例を示す斜視図、図５はパネルをコンクリート壁に取り付けた状態を上側から見た要部断面図、図６（Ａ）は第１係止爪と第２係止爪との嵌合前の状態を示す要部断面図、図６（Ｂ）は第１係止爪と第２係止爪との嵌合後の状態を示す要部断面図、図７はパネル相互の横方向突合せ端部の要部断面図、図８はパネル相互の上下方向突合せ端部の要部断面図、図９はコンクリート壁角部（入隅部）でのパネル相互の突合せ端部の要部断面図である。
【００４１】
図１に示すように、本実施形態に係るコンクリート躯体面補修方法は、たとえば下水道施設に用いられるコンクリート壁２の内壁面４を補修するための方法であり、複数のパネル８と、複数の取付具６とを用いる。
図１，２に示すように、パネル８は、曲げ弾性率が５００００ｋｇ／ｃｍ² 以上である防食性プラスチックで構成してあり、パネル本体２２と、パネル本体２２の略中央部に、上下方向に連続して形成してある第２係止爪２０と、パネル本体２２の両側端部に形成してある第２係止爪半部２４とを有する。このパネル２２は、本実施形態では、平均重合度が４００〜１０００の塩化ビニル樹脂が５０〜９５重量％と、特定のアミノシランカップリング剤が０．２〜０．６重量％塗布してある直径が５〜２０μm のガラス繊維が１０〜６０重量％と、酸化低級アルキレン反復単位を持つ被膜形成剤が０．２〜０．６重量％とから成る繊維補強プラスチックで構成してあり、押出成形により成形される。パネル本体２２の厚さは、約３mm程度である。
【００４２】
パネル８の略中央部に形成してある第２係止爪２０は、図６に示すように、取付具６の第１係止爪１６間に嵌合可能に構成してあり、第１係止爪１６の対の間に入り易くするためのガイド傾斜面２５と、第１係止爪１６のフック部１８に係止する抜け止め用ロック面２６とを有する。
【００４３】
取付具６は、図１，３に示すように、コンクリート内壁面４に取り付けるための基板１２を有する。基板１２は、たとえば略十字形状を有し、その中央部に、横方向に細長い長孔１０が形成してある。長孔１０には、ボルト１４などの取付手段が装着され、このボルト１４を用いて、図１に示すコンクリート内壁面４に取付具６を取り付ける。長孔１０のため、取付具６の取付位置は、多少左右方向に移動することができる。
【００４４】
取付具６には、長孔１０を隔てて上方と下方に各１対の第１係止爪がある。上下に各１対の係止爪が離れて存在することにより、第２係止爪が嵌合する際に受けるストレスを分散することができ、取付具が、グラウト材が充填された時の圧力を受けても変形し難くなる。
【００４５】
取付具６を垂直なコンクリート躯体壁に固定するためのボルトは、その頭部の径は、上方の第１係止爪対と下方の第１係止爪対との間隙以下の範囲で可能な限り大きくすることにより、取付具が第２係止爪が嵌合する際に受けるストレスで浮き上がらないよう広い面積で押さえ込むことができる。
【００４６】
十字形状の基板１２の上部及び下部１２ａの両側にある第１係止爪１６の対は先端がその内側に傾斜して形成してある。各々の第１係止爪１６の先端には、鈎状のフック１８が形成してある。これら第１係止爪１６を有する基板１２からなる取付具６は、一枚の金属板から曲折加工することにより形成することができる。取付具６は、本実施形態では、ＪＩＳのＳＫ−５などのばね鋼で構成される。取付具６は、たとえば図１の基板１２とフック部１８の先端との間隔が８〜１５mmで、フック部１８の先端とその対の位置の１８の先端との間隔が１０〜２０mmである場合は、取付具の厚みは０．４〜２．０mmが好ましい。
【００４７】
図６（Ａ）に示すように、第２係止爪の最先端面の外径は第１係止爪のフックの対の間隔より幾分小さく、例えば前記例示寸法の取付具の場合は約２mmの遊びもつようにすることが好ましい。施行時に第１、２係止爪の中心に若干のずれが生じても、この遊びと第１係止爪対がフック部から元部にかけて広がりを持つ形状であることでずれを吸収して、パネル全体への影響を防ぐことができる。第２係止爪２０が第１係止爪１６間に挿入される前には、フック部１８がガイド傾斜面２５に当たり、パネル８をコンクリート２側にさらに押し込むことで、第１係止爪１６が開き、第２係止爪２０が第１係止爪１６間にワンタッチ式に入り込む。第２係止爪の形状が長尺であるのに対し、第１係止爪の形状は図１及び図３（Ａ）に見られるように、コンクリート駆体面に沿う方向に短くしてあることにより、パネル８を押し込むだけで第１係止爪１６が容易に開いて第２係止爪を嵌合することができる。いったん第２係止爪２０が第１係止爪１６間に入り込むと、図６（Ｂ）に示すように、一旦押し拡げられた第１係止爪１６はばね弾性により元の開きに戻ってロック面２６にフック部１８が係止し、抜け止めがなされる。もし工事のやり直し等の理由でパネルを外したい場合は、第２係止爪の長さ方向（上下方向）に沿ってパネルをスライドすればよい。
【００４８】
図２に示すように、パネル８のパネル本体２２の両側には、第２係止爪半部２４が上下方向に連続して形成してある。この第２係止爪半部２４は、図７に示すように、隣接するパネル８の第２係止爪半部２４が突き合わさることにより、図２，６に示す第２係止爪２０と同等の作用を有し、図５に示すように、取付具６の第１係止爪１６間に嵌合するようになっている。すなわち、各第２係止爪半部２４には、ガイド傾斜面２５とロック面２６とが形成してある。
【００４９】
図７に示すように、第２係止爪半部２４相互の突合せ端部では、その部分の液密性を保持するために、パッキン３０とシーリング材３２が埋め込んである。パッキン３０は、たとえばスチレン−ブタジエンゴム（ＳＢＲ）、ブタジエンゴム（ＢＲ）、イソプレンゴム（ＩＲ）、ニトリルブタジエンゴム（ＮＢＲ）、クロロプレンゴム（ＣＲ）などのジエン系ゴム、ブチルゴム（ＩＩＲ）、エチレン−プロピレン−ジエンターポリマーゴム（ＥＰＤＭ）、アクリルゴム、クロロスルホン化ポリエチレンゴム、フッ素ゴムなどのオレフィン系ゴム、シリコーンゴム、ウレタンゴム、多硫化ゴム、またはこれらの発泡体、またはウレタンもしくはナイロンの発泡体などで構成される。シーリング材３２は、たとえばシリコンシーラントで構成される。
【００５０】
図８に示すように、パネル８において第２係止爪半部２４が形成されていないパネルの上下端部の突合せ接合部には、略Ｔ字状断面のパネル連結部材３６を装着し、その突合せ端部の隙間を埋める。同部材３６は、たとえば塩化ビニル樹脂で構成してあり、塩化ビニル樹脂から成る溶接棒を用いた溶接部３４によりパネル８の端部に接合される。
【００５１】
また、図９に示すように、コンクリート壁２の角部（入隅部）において、パネル８の端部相互を突き合わせる場合には、角部用のパネル連結部材４０を用いる。この部材４０は、その断面が鏃形状をしている。この部材４０を用いるのは、突合せ端部の隙間を塞ぐためと、コンクリート壁２の角部とパネル突合せ端部との間の距離を一定に保つためとである。
【００５２】
次に、本発明に係るコンクリート壁の補修方法を、工程順に説明する。
本実施形態に係る方法では、まず、図４に示す補修すべきコンクリート壁２の内壁面４の表面の検査を行い、補修のための予備処理として欠陥部の処理を行う。欠陥部の処理としては、ひび割れ部、腐食箇所、極端な段差部などの欠陥部を、はつり処理あるいは樹脂モルタルなどで埋め込むことなどを例示することができる。
【００５３】
次に、内壁面４に、取付具６を所定間隔で取り付ける。取付具６の取付は、たとえば図１，３に示すボルト１４などを用いて行う。取付具６の取付間隔は、図４に示すように、鉛直方向下方では、取付具６の取付間隔を密にする。後述する充填材の充填圧力に耐え得るようにするためである。たとえば、１０００mmの高さから充填材として比重２．１ｇ／ｃｍ² のグラウト材を充填する場合には、底部側のパネルに加わる充填圧力は約２０００ｋｇ／ｃｍ² 以上と成る。そのような圧力に耐えてパネルの面の膨らみを一定値（たとえば５mm）以下に抑えるためには、鉛直方向下方では、取付具６の取付間隔を密にすることが好ましい。
【００５４】
取付具の位置と数は、パネルの曲げ弾性率などの特性、厚み及び充填材の充填高さに対応する充填圧力と許容する膨みの条件から予めシミュレートして、最適条件の設定に役立てることができる。
次に、図５に示すように、第２係止爪２０と第２係止爪半部２４とが形成された複数のパネル８を、内壁面４に装着された取付具６と第２係止爪２０とが位置合わせされるようにすると共に、第２係止爪半部２４の突合せ端部と取付具６とが位置合わせされるように、内壁面４側に押し込む。その結果、図５および図６（Ｂ）に示すように、第２係止爪２０が第１係止爪１６間に嵌合すると共に、第２係止爪半部２４の突合せ端部が第１係止爪１６間に嵌合し、コンクリート内壁面４とパネル８との間に空間が生じるように、パネル８を内壁面４に張り巡らせることができる。その際に、図７に示すように、第２係止爪半部２４相互の突合せ端部において、その部分の液密性を保持するために、パッキン３０とシーリング材３２を埋め込む。
【００５５】
また、第２係止爪半部が形成されていないパネル端部の突合せ接合部には、図８に示すように、略Ｔ字状断面のパネル連結部材３６を装着し、その突合せ端部の隙間を埋める。パネル連結部材３６は、溶接部３４でパネル８に接合する。また、図９に示すように、コンクリート壁２の角部においては、パネル８の端部相互に、角部用のパネル連結部材４０を装着する。このパネル連結部材３６は、溶接部３４でパネル８に接合される。
【００５６】
コンクリート内壁面４から一定の距離にパネル８を張り巡らせた後、これらの隙間に、セメントモルタル、ポリマーセメントモルタル、ポリマーモルタル、グラウト材などの充填材を充填する。その充填材が固化することにより、コンクリート内壁面４の補修が完成する。
【００５７】
なお、本発明において、次の実験を行った。図４において、取付具６の横方向間隔ａを１５０mmとし、上下方向間隔ｃを１５０mmとし、底面または上面からの間隔ｂを５０mmとし、内壁面４の上側でのみ取付具６を千鳥状に配置した。また、図２に示すパネル８（曲げ弾性率８００００ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ² のガラス繊維強化塩化ビニル樹脂製）として、横方向幅３００mm、上下方向高さ１０００mmのパネルを用い、そのパネルを、図４に示す取付位置の取付具６に取り付け、比重２．１ｇ／ｃｍ² のグラウト材を充填した。底部側のパネルに加わる充填圧力は約２０００ｋｇ／ｃｍ² 以上となったが、パネル面の膨らみは、１．８mm程度であった。
【００５８】
高さが１０００mm以上の場合には、取付具６の取付位置は、パネル面の膨らみの許容等によっては下方向程さらに密になるが、高さ１０００mm分でグラウト材を充填固化し、その上に、さらに上記と同様にして、パネルを配置し、グラウト材を充填する場合には、図４に示す取付具６の配置を、上下方向に繰り返せば良い。
【００５９】
本実施形態では、パネル８の曲げ弾性率が５００００ｋｇ／ｃｍ² 以上であるので、グラウト材の充填圧力によっても、パネル８はほとんど変形することはない。また、このパネル８は、耐腐食性に優れているので、コンクリート内壁面４の腐食を有効に防止することができる。また、このパネル８は、予め成形されたものであるので、現場にて、ＦＲＰ処理を行い防食処理する必要はなくなる。このため、ガラス繊維の飛散や有機溶剤の蒸発などがなくなり、作業環境が良好になる。また、防食のための重ね塗りの必要がなくなり、施工期間の短縮を図ることができる。
【００６０】
ＦＲＰ工法では、施工程度が悪いと、短期間で膨れなどの不具合が発生するが、本実施形態の方法では、作業者の熟練度によらず、防食構造の補修作業を安定して行うことができる。さらに、ＦＲＰ工法に比較して、全体としての製造コストを低減することができる。
【００６１】
また、特許出願公開公報などで最近提案されている工法に比較して、次に示すような利点を有する。
パネル８自体の曲げ弾性が高いと共に、このパネル８がコンクリート内壁面４にワンタッチ式で取り付けられるために、枠や桟木が不要となり、施工がきわめて容易である。また、枠や桟木を使用しないことから、自然保護の観点でも好ましい。さらに、パネル８は、プラスチック製であり、軽量であるので、狭い場所でも容易に作業することができる。
【００６２】
また、パネル８とコンクリート内壁面４との間にグラウト材を充填することにより補修と防食とが同時に完了し、パネル面には、孔などを設ける必要がないため、補修および防食の欠陥が生じ難い。
第２実施形態
図１０は本発明の他の実施形態に係るコンクリート躯体面補修方法に用いる取付具の要部概略斜視図、図１１は図１０に示す主基板の全体平面図、図１２（Ａ）は図１０に示す第１係止爪が一体に形成してある爪用基板の正面図、同図（Ｂ）はその平面図，（Ｃ）はその側面図、図１３は爪用基板の斜視図、図１４は爪用基板の変形例を示す斜視図、図１５はパネル連結部材の変形例を示す要部断面図、図１６は主基板の変形例を示す平面図、図１７は取付具の変形例を示す要部斜視図、図１８は取付具のその他の変形例を示す斜視図である。
【００６３】
図１０以降に示す実施形態は、取付具の形態を、前記第１実施形態に示すものと異なる形態とした以外は、前記第１実施形態に示すパネルと同様なパネルを用いて、同様なコンクリート躯体面補修方法を行うことができる。以下の説明では、前記第１実施形態にて説明された部分と重複する部分の説明は一部省略し、相違点を特に詳細に説明する。
【００６４】
図１０に示す実施形態で用いる取付具６ａは、パネル８に形成された第２係止爪２０が嵌合する第１係止爪５２が表面に装着された主基板５４を有する。主基板５４の表面に第１係止爪５２を装着するために、本実施形態では、以下に示す構造を採用している。
【００６５】
主基板５４は、前記第１実施形態の基板６と同様な材質で構成され、図１１に示すように、長手方向に細長い幹板部５６と、この幹板部５６から同一平面で横方向に突出する複数の枝板部５８，５９，６０とを有する。複数の枝板部のうち、幹板部５６の両端の位置で、それぞれ幹板部５６を挟んで横方向に枝別れする一対の枝板部５８，５９は、位置合わせ用枝板部であり、その一方の端部５８ａが、凸型三角形状に形成してあり、他方の端部５９ａの凹型三角形状に対して嵌合自在な形状に形成してある。したがって、複数の主基板５４を横方向に配置する際に、端部５８ａ，５９ａが嵌合することにより、それらの横方向配置間隔が制御されることになる。なお、各端部５８ａ，５９ａにおいて、それらの形状の鋭角部分となる部分には、安全性を考慮して丸みを持たせることが好ましい。
【００６６】
その他の枝板部６０の端部形状は、矩形形状にしてあり、その横方向幅は、位置合わせ用枝板部５８，５９の横方向幅よりも短く形成してある。本実施形態では、幹板部５６の長手方向に沿って、両端部を含めて合計５箇所の位置で、枝板部５８，５９，６０が横方向に突出して形成してある。枝板部５８，５９，６０の長手方向配置間隔は、特に限定されないが、略等間隔であることが好ましい。
【００６７】
この主基板５４の幹板部５６には、枝板部５８，５９，６０の配置位置に対応して、長手方向に沿って略平行な一対の長手状貫通孔６２が形成してある。また、各枝板部５８，５９，６０には、躯体表面への固定を行うための取付孔６４が形成してある。これら取付孔６４には、図１０，１５に示すように、ボルト１４が貫通し、これらボルト１４を躯体表面４に取り付けることで、取付具５０が躯体表面２に取り付けられる。これら取付孔６４は、取付作業性を向上させるために、ボルト１４のネジ部の外径よりも十分に大きくしておくことが好ましく、ボルト１４の頭部はワッシャを介して主基板５４の表面に圧接する。
【００６８】
なお、主基板５４の取付孔６４は、図１１に示すように、主基板５４の各枝板部５８，５９，６０毎に設けることが好ましいが、一つおきの枝板部にのみ、あるいは対向する一対の枝板部のうちの一方にのみ、あるいはその他の配列で設けても良い。長手状貫通孔６２は、それぞれ、図１０，１３に示す第１係止爪５２を貫通させるための孔である。
【００６９】
図１２，１３に示すように、第１係止爪５２は、爪用基板６６から折曲げ成形することにより一体に成形してある。この爪用基板６６は、前記第１実施形態で用いる図３に示す基板１２に対応する部品であり、この基板１２と同様な材質で構成してある。また、この爪用基板６６に一体に形成してある第１係止爪５２は、図３に示す第１係止爪１６と同じ構成を有し、先端部に鈎状のフック６８が形成してある。また、これらの第１係止爪１６は、図１３において上下方向に、各１対の係止爪５２が離れて存在するようになっている。これにより、図１０に示すパネル８の第２係止爪２０が嵌合する際に受けるストレスを分散することができる。またパネル８を押し込むだけで容易に第２係止爪５２が開いて第１係止爪に嵌合することができる。
【００７０】
図１２，１３に示すように、本実施形態の爪用基板６６には、図１３において上下方向に突出する上下タブ７２，７２と、左右方向に突出する左右タブ７０，７０とが、各第１爪部５２間に形成してある。これらタブ７２，７０は、後述するように、主基板５４の裏面に、爪用基板６６を接合した後に、第１爪部５２に作用する上下方向および左右方向のモーメントを主基板５４に伝達し、これら基板５４，６６の接合が外れないように作用する。
【００７１】
これら第１係止爪５２が形成された爪用基板６６は、図１０，１３に示すように、主基板５４の裏面に、第１係止爪５２が主基板５４の長手状貫通孔６２から飛び出すように、スポット溶接などで接合される。この爪用基板６６は、図１１に示す主基板５６の裏面に、一対の長手状貫通孔６２毎に接合される。なお、本発明では、これら爪用基板６６は、主基板５６の表面に接合しても良い。ただし、図１０に示すパネル８の第２係止爪２０が第１係止爪５２に対して係止し、補修用充填剤が充填される際には、これら爪の係止を外そうとする方向に引っ張り力が作用することから、爪用基板６６は、主基板５４の裏側に装着した方が、充填時の引っ張り力に対して強い構造となる。
【００７２】
次に、本実施形態に係るコンクリート壁の補修方法を、工程順に説明する。
本実施形態に係る方法では、まず、図１０に示す補修すべきコンクリート壁２の内壁面４の表面の検査を行い、補修のための予備処理として欠陥部の処理を行う。欠陥部の処理としては、ひび割れ部、腐食箇所、極端な段差部などの欠陥部を、はつり処理あるいは樹脂モルタルなどで埋め込むことなどを例示することができる。
次に、内壁面４に、爪用基板６６と主基板５４とから成る取付具５０を所定間隔で取り付ける。取付具５０の取付は、たとえば図１０，１５に示すボルト１４などを用いて行う。一つの取付具５０を、図１０に示す上下方向に沿って取付たら、次に、その脇に、別の取付具５０を内壁面４に取り付ける。その際に、位置決め用枝板部５８または５９の端部５８ａまたは５９ａに、隣に位置する取付具５０の位置合わせ用枝板部５９または５８の端部５９ａまたは５８ａを嵌合させ、両取付具５０，５０の横方向間隔を一定に保つ。
【００７３】
次に、図２に示す第２係止爪２０と第２係止爪半部２４とが形成された複数のパネル８を、図１０に示す内壁面４に装着された取付具５０の第１係止爪５２とパネル８の第２係止爪２０とが位置合わせされるように、内壁面４側に押し込む。また、図２に示すパネル８の第２係止爪半部２４は、他のパネル８の第２係止爪半部２４と突合せられた状態で、取付具５０の第１係止爪５２間に押し込む。その結果、前記第１実施形態と同様にして、第２係止爪２０が第１係止爪５２間に嵌合すると共に、第２係止爪半部２４の突合せ端部が第１係止爪５２間に嵌合し、コンクリート内壁面４とパネル８との間に空間が生じるように、パネル８を内壁面４に張り巡らせることができる。その際に、図７に示すように、第２係止爪半部２４相互の突合せ端部において、その部分の液密性を保持するために、パッキン３０とシーリング材３２を埋め込む。
【００７４】
また、第２係止爪半部が形成されていないパネル端部の突合せ接合部には、図８に示すように、略Ｔ字状断面のパネル連結部材３６を装着し、その突合せ端部の隙間を埋める。パネル連結部材３６は、溶接部３４でパネル８に接合する。また、図９に示すように、コンクリート壁２の角部においては、パネル８の端部相互に、角部用のパネル連結部材４０を装着する。このパネル連結部材３６は、溶接部３４でパネル８に接合される。
【００７５】
コンクリート内壁面４から一定の距離にパネル８を張り巡らせた後、これらの隙間に、セメントモルタル、ポリマーセメントモルタル、ポリマーモルタル、グラウト材などの充填材を充填する。その充填材が固化することにより、コンクリート内壁面４の補修が完成する。
【００７６】
なお、図９に示す連結部材４０の変形例としては、図１５に示す連結部材８０を例示することができる。この連結部材８０は、断面が鏃形状をしている点では、図９に示す部材４０と同じであるが、部材８０において、内壁面４に接する角部に丸みｒを持たせている点と、相互に直角方向に伸びる押え板部８２，８４の幅を長くしている点で相違する。
【００７７】
角部に丸みを持たせることで、内壁面４の角部４ａの形状によらず、押え板部８４を内壁面４に圧接することができる。また、押え板部８２，８４の幅を比較的長くすることで、連結部材８０の仕切り板部８６で仕切られたパネル８と内壁面４との間の両空間に充填剤を入れる際に、相互の空間での充填圧力が相互作用を行い、連結部材８０を壁面側に押し付け、連結部材８０が壁面４から持ち上げられることを有効に防止することができる。
【００７８】
図１０に示す本実施形態の取付具５０とパネル８とを用いて、次の実験を行った。
図１１に示す主基板５４の裏面に図１２，１３に示す爪用基板６６をスポット溶接で接合し、取付具５０を形成した。主基板５４としては、その長手方向長さが１０００mm、その他の寸法は、図１１に示す図の比例関係の寸法としたものを用いた。また、爪用基板６６としては、図１２（Ａ）に示す上下方向幅Ｌが５０mm、その他の寸法は、図１２（Ａ）〜（Ｃ）に示す図の比例関係の寸法としたものを用いた。また、図２に示すパネル８（曲げ弾性率８００００ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ² のガラス繊維強化塩化ビニル樹脂製）として、横方向幅３００mm、上下方向高さ１０００mmのパネルを用い、そのパネルを、図１０に示す取付具５０に取り付け、比重２．１ｇ／ｃｍ² のグラウト材を充填した。底部側のパネルに加わる充填圧力は約２０００ｋｇ／ｃｍ² 以上となったが、パネル面の膨らみは、１．８mm程度であった。
【００７９】
内壁面４の高さが１０００mm以上の場合には、取付具５０の上に、さらに取付具５０を取り付ければ良い。
本実施形態では、パネル８の曲げ弾性率が５００００ｋｇ／ｃｍ² 以上であるので、グラウト材の充填圧力によっても、パネル８はほとんど変形することはない。また、このパネル８は、耐腐食性に優れているので、コンクリート内壁面４の腐食を有効に防止することができる。また、このパネル８は、予め成形されたものであるので、現場にて、ＦＲＰ処理を行い防食処理する必要はなくなる。このため、ガラス繊維の飛散や有機溶剤の蒸発などがなくなり、作業環境が良好になる。また、防食のための重ね塗りの必要がなくなり、施工期間の短縮を図ることができる。
【００８０】
さらに本実施態様では、内壁面４に対する取付具５０の取付が正確に位置合わせして行うことができるようになり、取付具５０の取付性が向上する。
また、ＦＲＰ工法では、施工程度が悪いと、短期間で膨れなどの不具合が発生するが、本実施形態の方法では、作業者の熟練度によらず、防食構造の補修作業を安定して行うことができる。さらに、ＦＲＰ工法に比較して、全体としての製造コストを低減することができる。
【００８１】
また、特許出願公開公報などで最近提案されている工法に比較して、次に示すような利点を有する。
パネル８自体の曲げ弾性が高いと共に、このパネル８がコンクリート内壁面４にワンタッチ式で取り付けられるために、枠や桟木が不要となり、施工がきわめて容易である。また、枠や桟木を使用しないことから、自然保護の観点でも好ましい。さらに、パネル８は、プラスチック製であり、軽量であるので、狭い場所でも容易に作業することができる。
【００８２】
また、パネル８とコンクリート内壁面４との間にグラウト材を充填することにより補修と防食とが同時に完了し、パネル面には、孔などを設ける必要がないため、補修および防食の欠陥が生じ難い。
第３実施形態
本実施形態は、第２実施形態の変形例であり、図１０〜図１３に示す取付具５０に用いる爪用基板６６の代わりに、図１４に示す爪用基板６６ａを用いる。この爪用基板６６ａでは、１対の第１係止爪５２ａのみが形成してあり、図１３に示す上下の第１係止爪５２を連続的に形成したような形状となっている。第１実施形態等の他の形態に比して、コンクリート駆体面に沿う方向の第１係止爪の長さは長くなるけれども、パネルを押し込むだけで容易に５２ａが開いて第２係止爪を嵌合することはまだ可能である。
【００８３】
この実施形態のその他の構成は、第２実施形態と同一であり、第２実施形態と同様な作用効果を奏する。
第４実施形態
本実施形態は、第２実施形態の変形例であり、図１０〜図１３に示す取付具５０に用いる主基板５４の代わりに、図１６に示す主基板５４ａを用いる。この主基板５４ａは、図１１に示す主基板５４に類似しているが、幹板部５６の長手方向中央位置にも、位置合わせ用枝板部５９，６０が形成してある点のみが、図１１に示すものと相違する。
【００８４】
この実施形態のその他の構成は、第２実施形態と同一であり、第２実施形態と同様な作用効果を奏するが、さらに本実施形態では、主基板５４ａの長手方向中央位置で、取付具を切断して用いることができる。たとえばコンクリート駆体面の高さに照して図１６に示す主基板５４ａの長さでは長すぎる場合に、現場において、主基板５４ａを有する取付具を略中央部で切断して用い、その場合でも、長手方向両端に、位置合わせ用枝板部５８，５９を有する取付具を得ることができる。
【００８５】
第５実施形態
本実施形態は、第２実施形態の変形例であり、図１０〜図１３に示す取付具５０の代わりに、図１７に示す取付具５０ｂを用いる。この取付具５０ｂでは、主基板５４ｂに形成する位置合わせ用枝板部５８，５９の端部５８ｂ，５９ｂの形状を波型形状にして、他の取付具５０ｂの端部５９ｂ，５８ｂに対して嵌合自在としている。
【００８６】
この実施形態のその他の構成は、第２実施形態と同一であり、第２実施形態と同様な作用効果を奏する。
第６実施形態
本実施形態は、第２実施形態の変形例であり、図１０〜図１３に示す取付具５０と共に、図１８に示す取付具５０ｃを用いる。この取付具５０ｃは、主基板５４ｃが、図１１に示す一対の位置合わせ用枝板部５８，５９のみを有する形状となっている。この主基板５４ｃの裏面には、図２に示す実施形態と同様な第１係止爪５２を有する爪用基板が前記と同様にして接合してある。
【００８７】
この取付具５４ｃは、たとえば図１０に示す取付具５０単独では、コンクリート躯体の内壁面の高さに足りない場合に、取付具５０の上に組み合わせて用いることで、種々の高さの内壁面の補修に対応することができる。もちろん、この取付具５４ｃのみを複数用いて、前記第１実施形態と同様にして、内壁面に取り付けても良い。
【００８８】
この実施形態のその他の構成および作用効果は、第２実施形態と同一である。
その他の実施形態
なお、本発明は、上述した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の範囲内で種々に改変することができる。
【００８９】
たとえば、第１係止爪１６，５２と第２係止爪２０との構造は、図示する実施形態に限定されず、係止爪相互がワンタッチ式に係合可能な形状であれば、どのような形状でも採用することができる。
また、上記実施形態では、コンクリート壁の補修方法について例示したが、コンクリート床またはコンクリート天井でも同様にして、補修を行うことができる。
【００９０】
【発明の効果】
以上説明してきたように、本発明によれば、従来のＦＲＰ工法に比較して、次の点が優れている。
本発明によれば、現場にて、ＦＲＰ処理を行い防食処理する必要はなくなる。このため、ガラス繊維の飛散や有機溶剤の蒸発などがなくなり、作業環境が良好になる。また、防食のための重ね塗りの必要がなくなり、施工期間の短縮を図ることができる。
【００９１】
ＦＲＰ処理では、施工程度が悪いと、短期間で膨れなどの不具合が発生するが、本発明の方法では、作業者の熟練度によらず、防食構造の補修作業を安定して行うことができる。さらに、ＦＲＰ処理に比較して、全体としての製造コストを低減することができる。
【００９２】
また、特許出願公開公報などで最近提案されている工法に比較して、次に示すような利点を有する。
パネル自体の剛性が高いと共に、このパネルがコンクリート躯体面にワンタッチ押し込み式で取り付けられるために、枠や桟木が不要となり、施工がきわめて容易である。また、枠や桟木を使用しないことから、自然保護の観点でも好ましい。さらに、パネルは、プラスチック製であり、軽量であるので、狭い場所でも容易に作業することができる。
【００９３】
また、パネルとコンクリート躯体面との間に充填材を充填することにより補修と防食とが同時に完了し、パネル面には、孔などを設ける必要がないため、補修および防食の欠陥が生じ難い。
さらに、取付具を主基板と爪用基板との組立体で構成し、主基板に位置合わせ用枝板部を形成した本発明では、壁面に対する取付具の取付作業性が格別に向上する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】図１は本発明の一実施形態に係るコンクリート躯体面補修方法を示す要部概略斜視図である。
【図２】図２は図１に示すパネルの要部斜視図である。
【図３】図３（Ａ）は図１に示す取付具の正面図、図３（Ｂ）は図１に示す取付具の平面図、図３（Ｃ）は図１に示す取付具の側面図である。
【図４】図４はコンクリート壁に対する取付具の取付位置の例を示す斜視図である。
【図５】図５はパネルをコンクリート壁に取り付けた状態を上側から見た要部断面図である。
【図６】図６（Ａ）は第１係止爪と第２係止爪との嵌合後の状態を示す要部断面図、図６（Ｂ）は第１係止爪と第２係止爪との嵌合後の状態を示す要部断面図である。
【図７】図７はパネル相互の横方向突合せ端部の要部断面図である。
【図８】図８はパネル相互の上下方向突合せ端部の要部断面図である。
【図９】図９はコンクリート壁角部でのパネル相互の突合せ端部の要部断面図である。
【図１０】図１０は本発明の他の実施形態に係るコンクリート躯体面補修方法に用いる取付具の要部概略斜視図である。
【図１１】図１１は図１０に示す主基板の全体平面図である。
【図１２】図１２（Ａ）は図１０に示す第１係止爪が一体に形成してある爪用基板の平面図、同図（Ｂ），（Ｃ）はその側面図である。
【図１３】図１３は爪用基板の斜視図である。
【図１４】図１４は爪用基板の変形例を示す斜視図である。
【図１５】図１５はパネル連結部材の変形例を示す要部断面図である。
【図１６】図１６は主基板の変形例を示す平面図である。
【図１７】図１７は取付具の変形例を示す要部斜視図である。
【図１８】図１８は取付具のその他の変形例を示す斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
２… コンクリート壁
４… 内壁面
６，５０，５０ｂ，５０ｃ… 取付具
８… パネル
１４… ボルト
１６，５２，５２ａ… 第１係止爪
１８… フック部
２０… 第２係止爪
２４… 第２係止爪半部
５４… 主基板
６６，６６ａ… 爪用基板
５６… 幹板部
５８，５９… 位置合わせ用枝板部
６０… 枝板部[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for repairing a concrete frame surface, and a panel and a fixture used therefor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Concrete is inferior in acid resistance and chemical resistance, and is easily eroded. For example, when building a sewage treatment tank, chemical storage tank, etc. with concrete, the surface of the casing such as the wall surface is an anticorrosive coating film or sheet. It is usual to protect the cover with a coating.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in recent years, for example, in sewage treatment facilities, there have been many reports of cases in which corrosion of concrete is significantly accelerated by sulfuric acid generated from hydrogen sulfide generated in the treatment process. Further, the conventional anticorrosion methods have problems such as insufficient anticorrosion performance and insufficient reliability for corrosion prevention and durability from the aspect of long-term use expected as a concrete structure. .
[0004]
Specifically, the concrete surface repair method using a tar epoxy resin coating method is often thin and fragile, tends to cause flaws due to scratches, fast wear of the anticorrosion coating layer, and durability. It has problems such as inferiority. The FRP method (glass fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester or vinyl ester resin method using a glass fiber mat), which is most popular as a heavy anticorrosion method, has a problem that it is difficult to handle the glass fiber mat. Since it is a method of overcoating by the up method, construction is difficult and technical skill is required. These methods are methods of coating using a spray coating method, a brush coating method, a roll coating method, or the like. Since an organic solvent is used in the sealed structure, improvement from the work environment side is also required. Furthermore, in the FRP method, the construction period becomes long.
[0005]
In addition, these so-called (thermo) curable resins are formed on the concrete surface by poor adhesion between the anticorrosion coating layer and the concrete surface, progress of peeling of the anticorrosion layer due to the progress of blistering due to permeated water, cracks, pinholes There are problems such as the progress of corrosion of the back concrete surface due to the occurrence, leaving a great problem in reliability and maintenance.
[0006]
As methods for improving these drawbacks, methods using plastics with anchors (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 4-219924 and 6-126837) have been proposed. In the methods disclosed in these publications, a thick anticorrosive sheet is used as an anticorrosion coating layer, and when placing concrete, the anchor on the back surface is embedded in the concrete and the sheet is fixed on the concrete as it is. Therefore, the reliability of the anticorrosion effect is extremely high.
[0007]
The outline of these methods is as follows.
(1) Since the anticorrosion sheet itself cannot withstand the lateral pressure strength at the time of placing concrete, a holding mold is required, and an operation for assembling the holding mold is necessary. Specifically, the inner mold is made by lining the sheet with a predetermined dimension inside the mold on the anticorrosion-necessary side.
[0008]
{Circle around (2)} This inner formwork is fixed by assembling vertical and horizontal flaps in the usual way.
(3) In the case of a new installation, in order to keep the distance between the outer formwork and the inner formwork constant, and in the case of repair, the distance between the inner formwork and the surface of the concrete frame whose surface has been adjusted is kept constant. In order to keep, wear a tension material (separator etc.).
[0009]
(4) Next, concrete (which may be mortar or grout material) is placed between the outer mold frame and the inner mold frame, or between the inner mold frame and the concrete frame surface.
(5) After the concrete has hardened, remove the formwork and tendon aids (form ties, washers, etc.).
[0010]
{Circle around (6)} Finally, repair work is performed in which a large number of holes generated as a result of removing the tendon are filled with a sealing material.
That is, in the conventional construction method, the steps {circle around (1)}, {circle around (2)}, {circle around (6)} are indispensable regardless of whether the target concrete structure is newly installed or the concrete structure is repaired. For this reason, it requires processes such as preparation of inner formwork, preparation of piers, assembly of formwork, removal of formwork, recovery of formwork and pierce, and embedding repair of holes, which requires a lot of man-hours, time and cost. It becomes a burden. Also, from the viewpoint of nature protection, it is preferable not to use a wooden formwork material as much as possible, and improvement is strongly desired. Furthermore, since many repair traces on the surface of the anticorrosion coating layer can deteriorate the appearance of the finished product and cause defects, improvement is also desired in this respect.
[0011]
As an improvement of this point, as shown in JP-A-6-49971, a method in which a plastic sheet with an anchor and a precast plate are combined has been proposed. In this method, corrosion prevention of the wall surface is performed using a mortar anchored precast plate having an anticorrosion plastic sheet fixed to the front surface and an anchor protruding from the back surface. This method is improved in that the precast plate with anchor can withstand the concrete placing side pressure, so that no pier is required and the step (2) can be omitted.
[0012]
However, this method requires (1) a step of separately making a precast plate with mortar. In addition, (2) the cost of storage and transportation of heavy precast plates is increased. (3) Highly skilled work is required to assemble heavy precast plates upright on the site using a crane, etc., which is also problematic in terms of safety. (4) In the case of repairing existing concrete tanks, work is generally carried out in a limited tank where the free space is limited, so it is often impossible to use cranes and other hanging machines, and the assembly work is extremely difficult. is there. (5) There is a problem that a complicated operation such as the necessity to hold the inner mold frame and the outer mold frame of the precast plate at a constant interval is required.
[0013]
The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and provides a method for repairing a concrete frame surface, a panel and a fixture used therefor, which have high reliability in anticorrosion performance, are simple and safe, and have a short construction period and low cost. Objective.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a concrete frame surface repair method according to the present invention includes a step of mounting fixtures having first locking claws on a surface of a concrete frame surface at predetermined intervals, and the first locking claws. A plurality of panels formed on the surface with second locking claws that can be fitted to the second locking claws are fitted into the first locking claws so that a space is provided between the concrete frame surface and the panel. As it occurs, it has a step of stretching around the concrete frame surface, and a step of pouring and solidifying a repair filler into the space between the panel and the concrete frame surface.
[0015]
Although it does not specifically limit as a filler for repair which can be used in this invention, Cement mortar, polymer cement mortar, polymer mortar, grout material (concrete material which is not mixed with cobblestone), etc. can be used.
In addition, in this invention, a concrete frame surface means the surface of all the concrete frames including a concrete wall, a concrete floor, a concrete ceiling, etc.
[0016]
panel
The panel used for the concrete frame surface repair method according to the present invention is formed with second locking claws that can be fitted to the first locking claws of the fixture mounted on the surface of the concrete frame surface. The end portion of the panel is abutted against each other to form a second latching claw half that performs the same function as the second latching claw, and the panel has a flexural modulus (JIS). K 7203) is 50000 kg / cm² It is composed of the above anticorrosive plastic.
[0017]
Flexural modulus is 50000kg / cm² As a material of the above panel, a vinyl chloride resin, a polyolefin resin, a polyamide resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, an epoxy resin, a glass fiber reinforced resin thereof, or a reaction injection molding resin using a norbornene monomer, preferably glass fiber Examples of the resin having corrosion resistance such as reinforced vinyl chloride resin can be given.
[0018]
Flexural modulus is 50000kg / cm² The above glass fiber reinforced vinyl chloride resin is preferably composed of the following components (a) to (d) described in JP-A No. 61-111351.
(A) A vinyl chloride resin having an average degree of polymerization of 300 to 2000, preferably 400 to 1000, is 50 to 95% by weight.
[0019]
(B) The glass fiber preferably having a diameter of 5 to 20 μm and coated with the following sizing agents (c) and (d) is 10 to 60% by weight.
(C) An aminosilane coupling agent having a reactive amine group that yields a compound having a proton magnetic resonance spectrum peak at 5.65 ppm after the reaction with the resin is preferably 0.2 to 0.6% by weight.
[0020]
As this aminosilane coupling agent, β-aminomethyltrimethoxysilane, N-β-aminoethyl-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane,
Examples include γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and others.
These aminosilane coupling agents are used as sizing agents for glass fibers. By including these coupling agents, the interfacial adhesion between the vinyl chloride resin and the glass fiber is improved.
[0021]
(D) The film forming agent represented by the following formula having a lower alkylene oxide repeating unit is 0.2 to 0.6% by weight.
[0022]
[Chemical 1]

[0023]
In the above formula, X is an epichlorohydrin, each epoxy group ring-opened product of styrene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, β-propiolactone, each ring-opened product of maleic anhydride, and an alkylene having 1 to about 12 carbon atoms It is a divalent group selected from the group consisting of dioxides derived from glycols. R¹ Represents an alkylene group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, R^Three And R^Four Represents independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms and hydrocarbon groups having 3 to 30 carbon atoms;
n is 0 to 100, m is 5 to 200,000, l is 1 to 5,000, and n is an integer of m or less.
[0024]
Examples of the preferable film forming agent (d) include polyethylene oxide, polypropylene glycol, polyoxyethylene monooleyl ether, polyoxyethylene distearyl ether, and the like.
These film forming agents are used as sizing agents for glass fibers. By including these film forming agents, the interfacial adhesion between the vinyl chloride resin and the glass fiber is improved.
[0025]
The glass fiber reinforced vinyl chloride resin comprising the above (a) to (d) is manufactured by a known molding method such as extrusion molding, injection molding, compression molding, secondary processing of a calendar sheet, and preferably manufactured by extrusion molding. The
The second locking claws formed on the panel are preferably formed integrally with the panel, but may be formed by welding to the panel. In the latter case, the material of the second locking claw is not necessarily the same as the material of the panel. Moreover, although it is preferable to form a 2nd latching claw continuously in the up-down direction in the center part of a panel, it can also form intermittently. Further, a plurality of second locking claws can be formed in parallel on one surface of the panel. When forming a panel in which the second locking claws are integrally formed, it is preferable to manufacture the panel by an extrusion method. When the second locking claw is formed continuously in the vertical direction, the portion of the second locking claw that does not fit into the first locking claw is filled between the concrete housing surface and the panel. Acts as an anchor for the repair filler.
[0026]
Although the thickness of such a panel is not specifically limited, For example, about 2.0-5.0 mm is preferable. If this thickness is too thin, the rigidity required for the panel of the present invention is not preferred, and if it is too thick, it is not economical.
Fitting
The fixture used in the concrete frame surface repairing method includes a first locking claw with which a second locking claw formed on the panel is fitted, and a substrate attached to the surface of the concrete frame surface, A fixture in which the locking claw is integrally formed by bending the substrate is exemplified.
[0027]
It is preferable that an elongated bolt hole is formed on the substrate of the fixture attached to the surface of the concrete frame. This is because the attachment position of the fixture can be finely adjusted.
Although a fixture is not specifically limited, It is preferable to comprise with metals, such as spring steel, such as stainless steel and SK-5. The mounting position of the fixture relative to the concrete frame surface is not particularly limited, but it can be arranged so as to be dense in the lower part in the vertical direction in consideration of receiving the filling load by the repair filler with the fixture and the panel. preferable.
[0028]
Moreover, in another viewpoint of this invention, as a fixture used for a concrete frame surface repair method, the 1st latching claw which the 2nd latching claw formed in the panel fits, and the said 1st latching claw are A fixture having a main board that protrudes from the surface and is attached to the surface of the concrete frame surface is exemplified.
[0029]
In the fixture according to another aspect, the first locking claw is formed integrally with the claw substrate, the claw substrate is formed on the back surface of the main substrate, and the first claw portion is formed on the main substrate. It is preferable to attach so that it may protrude from the surface of this. Note that the nail substrate may be joined to the surface side of the main substrate, but the resistance against the tensile force acting between the second nail portion and the first nail portion to be engaged is determined by attaching the nail substrate to the main substrate. The one on the back is better.
[0030]
The main board has a trunk plate portion that is elongated in the longitudinal direction and a plurality of branch plate portions that protrude from the trunk plate portion in the horizontal direction in the same plane, and are branched laterally across the trunk plate portion. One end of at least one pair of branch plate portions is formed in a shape that can be fitted to the other end portion, and a plurality of first locking claws are formed along the longitudinal direction of the stem plate portion. Is preferably attached. When the main board is stretched in the horizontal direction, it is convenient from the viewpoint of alignment if one end of the branch plate portion has a shape that can be fitted to the other end.
[0031]
[Action]
In the method according to the present invention, first, the surface of the concrete frame surface to be repaired is inspected, and the defective portion is processed as a preliminary process for repair. Examples of the treatment of the defective portion include embedding a defective portion such as a cracked portion or an extreme stepped portion with a suspending treatment or a resin mortar.
[0032]
Next, the fixture which has a 1st latching claw is attached to the surface of a concrete frame surface at predetermined intervals. The attachment is attached using, for example, a bolt. The attachment interval of the fixtures does not necessarily have to be constant, and when attaching to a concrete wall, it is preferable to make the attachment intervals of the fixtures close below the vertical direction. This is to withstand the filling pressure of the filler described later.
[0033]
Next, the second locking claw is fitted to the first locking claw with the plurality of panels having the second locking claw formed on the surface that can be fitted to the first locking claw formed on the fixture. The concrete frame surface is stretched so that a space is created between the concrete frame surface and the panel. If the end of the panel is abutted against the lateral end of the panel to form a second latching claw half that is equivalent to the second latching claw, the butted end The portion fits into the first locking claw of the fixture.
[0034]
It is preferable that a panel connecting member is attached to the butt joint portion of the panel end portion where the second locking claw half portion is not formed, and the gap between the butt end portions is filled. Further, when the panel end portions are brought into contact with each other at the corners (protruding corners, entering corners, etc.) of the concrete frame surface, it is preferable to use a panel connecting member for the corners. This is because the gap between the butt end portions is closed and the distance between the corner portion of the concrete frame and the panel butt end portion is kept constant.
[0035]
By fitting the second locking claw of the panel to the first locking claw of the fixture, the panel is stretched at a certain distance from the surface of the concrete frame, and then the cement mortar, polymer cement mortar, Fill with fillers such as polymer mortar and grout material. The solidification of the filler completes the repair of the concrete frame.
[0036]
In the present invention, the panel has a flexural modulus (JIS K 7203) of 50000 kg / cm.² As described above, the panel is hardly deformed even by the filling pressure of the filler. Moreover, since this panel is excellent in corrosion resistance, it can effectively prevent the concrete body surface from corrosion. In addition, since this panel is formed in advance, it is not necessary to perform anticorrosion treatment on site. For this reason, there is no scattering of glass fibers or evaporation of organic solvents, the working environment is improved, and the construction period can be shortened.
[0037]
In the FRP method, the skill level of the worker is required, but in the method of the present invention, the repair work of the anticorrosion structure can be stably performed regardless of the skill level of the worker. Thus, the construction method of the present invention can reduce the manufacturing cost as a whole.
Moreover, it has the following advantages compared with the recently proposed method in Patent Application Publications.
[0038]
The panel itself has high rigidity, and this panel is attached to the concrete frame surface with a one-touch method, and the distance between the two is set to be constant. The construction is very easy. Moreover, since a frame and a crosspiece are not used, it is preferable also from a viewpoint of nature protection. Furthermore, since the panel is made of plastic and lightweight, it can be easily operated even in a small place.
[0039]
In addition, by filling the space between the panel and the concrete body surface, repair and anticorrosion are completed at the same time, and it is not necessary to provide holes in the panel surface. Repair work becomes unnecessary.
Thus, the construction method of the present invention can reduce the manufacturing cost as a whole.
[0040]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a concrete frame surface repair method according to the present invention and panels and fixtures used therewith will be described in detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.
First embodiment
1 is a schematic perspective view of a main part showing a method for repairing a concrete frame surface according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a main part of the panel shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 (A) is a fixture shown in FIG. 3 (B) is a plan view of the fixture shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 (C) is a side view of the fixture shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is an example of the attachment position of the fixture relative to the concrete wall. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the main part when the panel is attached to the concrete wall as viewed from above, and FIG. 6 (A) is the state before the first locking claw and the second locking claw are fitted together. FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view of the main part showing a state after the first locking claw and the second locking claw are fitted, and FIG. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the vertical butt ends of the panels. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the butt ends of the panels at the corner of the concrete wall. A.
[0041]
As shown in FIG. 1, the concrete frame surface repair method according to the present embodiment is a method for repairing an inner wall surface 4 of a concrete wall 2 used in a sewerage facility, for example, and includes a plurality of panels 8 and a plurality of attachments. Tool 6 is used.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the panel 8 has a flexural modulus of 50000 kg / cm.² The anticorrosive plastic is composed of the panel main body 22, the second locking claw 20 that is formed in the substantially central portion of the panel main body 22 in the vertical direction, and both side ends of the panel main body 22. And a second latching claw half 24 formed in the portion. In this embodiment, the panel 22 has a diameter of 50 to 95% by weight of a vinyl chloride resin having an average polymerization degree of 400 to 1000 and 0.2 to 0.6% by weight of a specific aminosilane coupling agent. Is made of a fiber reinforced plastic comprising 10 to 60% by weight of glass fiber having a thickness of 5 to 20 μm and 0.2 to 0.6% by weight of a film forming agent having a lower alkylene oxide repeating unit. Molded. The panel body 22 has a thickness of about 3 mm.
[0042]
As shown in FIG. 6, the second locking claw 20 formed in the substantially central portion of the panel 8 is configured to be fitted between the first locking claws 16 of the fixture 6. It has the guide inclined surface 25 for making it easy to enter between the pair of the pawls 16, and the locking surface 26 for retaining to be engaged with the hook portion 18 of the first locking pawl 16.
[0043]
The fixture 6 has the board | substrate 12 for attaching to the concrete inner wall surface 4, as shown to FIG. The substrate 12 has, for example, a substantially cross shape, and an elongated hole 10 that is elongated in the lateral direction is formed at the center thereof. A mounting means such as a bolt 14 is mounted in the long hole 10, and the mounting tool 6 is mounted on the concrete inner wall surface 4 shown in FIG. Because of the long hole 10, the attachment position of the attachment 6 can be moved somewhat in the left-right direction.
[0044]
The attachment 6 has a pair of first locking claws on the upper side and the lower side with a long hole 10 therebetween. Since the pair of locking claws are separated from each other on the upper and lower sides, the stress received when the second locking claws are fitted can be dispersed, and the pressure when the fitting is filled with the grout material Even if it receives, it becomes difficult to deform.
[0045]
The bolt for fixing the fixture 6 to the vertical concrete frame wall can have a head having a diameter within the range of the gap between the upper first locking claw pair and the lower first locking claw pair. By making it as large as possible, the fixture can be pressed down over a wide area so that it does not rise due to the stress received when the second locking claws are fitted.
[0046]
The pair of first locking claws 16 on both sides of the upper portion and the lower portion 12a of the cross-shaped substrate 12 are formed such that the tips are inclined inward. A hook-shaped hook 18 is formed at the tip of each first locking claw 16. The fixture 6 made of the substrate 12 having the first locking claws 16 can be formed by bending from a single metal plate. In this embodiment, the fixture 6 is made of spring steel such as JIS SK-5. In the fixture 6, for example, the distance between the substrate 12 of FIG. 1 and the tip of the hook part 18 is 8 to 15 mm, and the distance between the tip of the hook part 18 and the tip of the pair of positions 18 is 10 to 20 mm. The thickness of the fixture is preferably 0.4 to 2.0 mm.
[0047]
As shown in FIG. 6 (A), the outer diameter of the leading end surface of the second locking claw is somewhat smaller than the distance between the pair of hooks of the first locking claw. It is preferable to have a play of 2 mm. Even if a slight shift occurs in the center of the first and second locking claws at the time of enforcement, the gap is absorbed by this play and the first locking claw pair having a shape extending from the hook part to the base part, The influence on the whole panel can be prevented. Before the second locking claw 20 is inserted between the first locking claws 16, the hook portion 18 hits the guide inclined surface 25, and the panel 8 is further pushed into the concrete 2 side. Opens, and the second locking claw 20 enters the one-touch type between the first locking claws 16. While the shape of the second locking claw is long, the shape of the first locking claw is shortened in the direction along the concrete body surface as seen in FIGS. 1 and 3A. Thus, the first locking claw 16 can be easily opened and the second locking claw can be fitted by simply pushing the panel 8. Once the second locking claw 20 enters between the first locking claws 16, as shown in FIG. 6B, the first locking claw 16 once expanded is returned to its original opening by spring elasticity. The hook portion 18 is locked to the lock surface 26 and is prevented from coming off. If the panel is to be removed for reasons such as redoing the construction, the panel may be slid along the length direction (vertical direction) of the second locking claw.
[0048]
As shown in FIG. 2, the 2nd latching claw half part 24 is continuously formed in the up-down direction in the both sides of the panel main body 22 of the panel 8. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, the second latching claw half 24 of the adjacent panel 8 is brought into contact with the second latching claw 20 shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 5, it has the same action and is fitted between the first locking claws 16 of the fixture 6. That is, each second locking claw half 24 is formed with a guide inclined surface 25 and a lock surface 26.
[0049]
As shown in FIG. 7, a packing 30 and a sealing material 32 are embedded at the abutting ends of the second locking claw halves 24 in order to maintain the liquid-tightness of the portions. The packing 30 is made of, for example, diene rubber such as styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), butadiene rubber (BR), isoprene rubber (IR), nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), butyl rubber (IIR), ethylene- Olefin-based rubber such as propylene-diene terpolymer rubber (EPDM), acrylic rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, fluorine rubber, silicone rubber, urethane rubber, polysulfide rubber, or foam thereof, or urethane or nylon foam Etc. The sealing material 32 is made of, for example, a silicon sealant.
[0050]
As shown in FIG. 8, a panel connecting member 36 having a substantially T-shaped cross section is attached to the butt joint of the upper and lower ends of the panel where the second locking claw half 24 is not formed in the panel 8, Fill the gap at the butt end. The member 36 is made of, for example, vinyl chloride resin, and is joined to the end of the panel 8 by a welded portion 34 using a welding rod made of vinyl chloride resin.
[0051]
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 9, in the corner | angular part (entrance corner part) of the concrete wall 2, when butt | matching the edge part of the panel 8 mutually, the panel connecting member 40 for corner | angular parts is used. The member 40 has a hook shape in cross section. The reason for using this member 40 is to block the gap at the butt end and to keep the distance between the corner of the concrete wall 2 and the panel butt end constant.
[0052]
Next, the concrete wall repair method according to the present invention will be described in the order of steps.
In the method according to the present embodiment, first, the surface of the inner wall surface 4 of the concrete wall 2 to be repaired shown in FIG. 4 is inspected, and the defective portion is processed as a preliminary process for repair. Examples of the treatment of the defective portion include embedding a defective portion such as a cracked portion, a corroded portion, and an extreme stepped portion with a suspending treatment or a resin mortar.
[0053]
Next, the fixture 6 is attached to the inner wall surface 4 at a predetermined interval. The attachment 6 is attached using, for example, the bolts 14 shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 4, the attachment interval between the attachments 6 is set to be narrower in the vertical direction. This is to withstand the filling pressure of the filler described later. For example, a specific gravity of 2.1 g / cm as a filler from a height of 1000 mm² When filling the grout material, the filling pressure applied to the bottom panel is about 2000 kg / cm.² That's it. In order to withstand such a pressure and suppress the swelling of the surface of the panel to a certain value (for example, 5 mm) or less, it is preferable that the mounting interval of the mounting tool 6 is close below in the vertical direction.
[0054]
The position and number of fixtures are simulated in advance based on characteristics such as bending elastic modulus of the panel, thickness and filling pressure corresponding to the filling height of the filler, and allowable swelling conditions, and are used for setting optimum conditions. be able to.
Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the plurality of panels 8 formed with the second locking claws 20 and the second locking claw halves 24 are connected to the fixture 6 attached to the inner wall surface 4 and the second engagement. While the pawl 20 is aligned, it is pushed into the inner wall surface 4 side so that the butted end of the second locking pawl half 24 and the fixture 6 are aligned. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6B, the second locking claw 20 is fitted between the first locking claws 16, and the butt end portion of the second locking claw half 24 is the first. The panel 8 can be stretched around the inner wall surface 4 so that a space is formed between the inner wall surface 4 of the concrete and the panel 8 by fitting between the one locking claw 16. At that time, as shown in FIG. 7, the packing 30 and the sealing material 32 are embedded at the abutting end portions of the second locking claw halves 24 to maintain the liquid-tightness of the portions.
[0055]
Further, as shown in FIG. 8, a panel connecting member 36 having a substantially T-shaped cross section is attached to the butt joint of the panel end where the second latching claw half is not formed, and the butt end of the butt end is attached. Fill the gap. The panel connecting member 36 is joined to the panel 8 by the welded portion 34. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, at the corners of the concrete wall 2, the corner panel connecting members 40 are attached to the ends of the panels 8. The panel connecting member 36 is joined to the panel 8 by the welded portion 34.
[0056]
After the panel 8 is stretched at a certain distance from the concrete inner wall surface 4, a filler such as cement mortar, polymer cement mortar, polymer mortar, or grout material is filled in the gaps. The solidification of the filler completes the repair of the concrete inner wall surface 4.
[0057]
In the present invention, the following experiment was conducted. In FIG. 4, the horizontal spacing a of the fixture 6 is 150 mm, the vertical spacing c is 150 mm, the spacing b from the bottom or top surface is 50 mm, and the fixtures 6 are arranged in a staggered manner only above the inner wall surface 4. did. 2 (bending elastic modulus 80000 kgf / cm² As a glass fiber reinforced vinyl chloride resin), a panel having a lateral width of 300 mm and a vertical height of 1000 mm is used, and the panel is attached to the fixture 6 at the mounting position shown in FIG.² Of grout material. The filling pressure applied to the bottom panel is about 2000 kg / cm² However, the panel surface bulge was about 1.8 mm.
[0058]
When the height is 1000 mm or more, the mounting position of the fixture 6 becomes more dense in the downward direction depending on the allowance of the swelling of the panel surface, etc., but the grout material is filled and solidified at a height of 1000 mm, Furthermore, in the same manner as described above, when the panel is arranged and the grout material is filled, the arrangement of the fixture 6 shown in FIG. 4 may be repeated in the vertical direction.
[0059]
In this embodiment, the flexural modulus of the panel 8 is 50000 kg / cm.² As described above, the panel 8 is hardly deformed even by the filling pressure of the grout material. Moreover, since this panel 8 is excellent in corrosion resistance, corrosion of the concrete inner wall surface 4 can be effectively prevented. Further, since the panel 8 is formed in advance, it is not necessary to perform the FRP process and the anticorrosion process at the site. For this reason, scattering of glass fiber and evaporation of the organic solvent are eliminated, and the working environment is improved. In addition, the need for repeated coating for corrosion prevention is eliminated, and the construction period can be shortened.
[0060]
In the FRP method, if the construction level is poor, problems such as blistering occur in a short period of time. However, in the method of this embodiment, it is possible to stably repair the anticorrosion structure regardless of the skill level of the operator. it can. Furthermore, the manufacturing cost as a whole can be reduced as compared with the FRP method.
[0061]
Moreover, it has the following advantages compared with the recently proposed method in Patent Application Publications.
The panel 8 itself has a high bending elasticity, and since the panel 8 is attached to the concrete inner wall surface 4 by a one-touch method, a frame and a crosspiece are not required, and the construction is extremely easy. Moreover, since a frame and a crosspiece are not used, it is preferable also from a viewpoint of nature protection. Furthermore, since the panel 8 is made of plastic and is lightweight, it can be easily operated even in a narrow place.
[0062]
Further, by filling the grout material between the panel 8 and the concrete inner wall surface 4, repair and corrosion prevention are completed at the same time, and it is not necessary to provide a hole or the like on the panel surface. hard.
Second embodiment
FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a main part of a fixture used in a concrete frame surface repair method according to another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 11 is an overall plan view of the main board shown in FIG. 10, and FIG. FIG. 13B is a plan view, FIG. 13C is a side view thereof, and FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the nail substrate. FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the nail substrate, FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing a modified example of the panel connecting member, FIG. 16 is a plan view showing a modified example of the main substrate, and FIG. FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing another modified example of the fixture.
[0063]
The embodiment shown in FIG. 10 and subsequent figures uses the same panel as the panel shown in the first embodiment, except that the fixture has a different form from that shown in the first embodiment. The frame surface repair method can be performed. In the following description, a part of the description overlapping the part described in the first embodiment will be omitted, and the difference will be described in detail.
[0064]
The fixture 6a used in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 has a main board 54 on which a first locking claw 52 with which a second locking claw 20 formed on the panel 8 is fitted is mounted on the surface. In order to mount the first locking claw 52 on the surface of the main substrate 54, the following structure is adopted in the present embodiment.
[0065]
The main board 54 is made of the same material as the board 6 of the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 11, the main board 54 is elongated in the longitudinal direction, and the main board 54 extends laterally in the same plane from the main board 56. A plurality of branch plate portions 58, 59, and 60 that protrude. Of the plurality of branch plate portions, a pair of branch plate portions 58 and 59 that branch laterally across the stem plate portion 56 at the positions of both ends of the stem plate portion 56 are branch plates for alignment. One end portion 58a is formed in a convex triangular shape, and is formed in a shape that can be fitted to the concave triangular shape of the other end portion 59a. Therefore, when the plurality of main boards 54 are arranged in the horizontal direction, the end portions 58a and 59a are fitted to each other, thereby controlling the horizontal arrangement interval. In addition, in each end part 58a, 59a, it is preferable to give roundness to the part used as the acute angle part of those shapes in consideration of safety.
[0066]
The other end plate portion 60 has a rectangular end shape, and its lateral width is shorter than the lateral width of the alignment branch plate portions 58 and 59. In the present embodiment, the branch plate portions 58, 59, and 60 are formed so as to protrude in the lateral direction along the longitudinal direction of the trunk plate portion 56 at a total of five positions including both ends. The longitudinal arrangement intervals of the branch plate portions 58, 59, 60 are not particularly limited, but are preferably substantially equal intervals.
[0067]
A pair of longitudinal through holes 62 that are substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction are formed in the trunk plate portion 56 of the main board 54 in correspondence with the arrangement positions of the branch plate portions 58, 59, 60. Each branch plate portion 58, 59, 60 is provided with a mounting hole 64 for fixing to the surface of the housing. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 15, the bolts 14 pass through these mounting holes 64, and the mounting tool 50 is attached to the housing surface 2 by attaching these bolts 14 to the housing surface 4. These mounting holes 64 are preferably made sufficiently larger than the outer diameter of the threaded portion of the bolt 14 in order to improve mounting workability, and the head of the bolt 14 is attached to the surface of the main board 54 via a washer. Press contact.
[0068]
As shown in FIG. 11, the mounting holes 64 of the main board 54 are preferably provided for each of the branch plate portions 58, 59, 60 of the main substrate 54, but only at every other branch plate portion or You may provide only in one of a pair of opposing branch plate parts, or in another arrangement | sequence. The longitudinal through holes 62 are holes through which the first locking claws 52 shown in FIGS.
[0069]
As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the first locking claw 52 is integrally formed by bending a claw substrate 66. The nail substrate 66 is a component corresponding to the substrate 12 shown in FIG. 3 used in the first embodiment, and is made of the same material as the substrate 12. Further, the first locking claw 52 formed integrally with the claw substrate 66 has the same configuration as the first locking claw 16 shown in FIG. 3, and a hook-shaped hook 68 is formed at the tip. It is. Further, these first locking claws 16 have a pair of locking claws 52 in the vertical direction in FIG. Thereby, the stress received when the 2nd latching claw 20 of the panel 8 shown in FIG. 10 fits can be disperse | distributed. Further, the second locking claw 52 can be easily opened and fitted to the first locking claw simply by pushing the panel 8.
[0070]
As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the nail substrate 66 of the present embodiment includes upper and lower tabs 72 and 72 projecting in the vertical direction in FIG. 13 and left and right tabs 70 and 70 projecting in the left and right direction. It is formed between one claw portion 52. As will be described later, these tabs 72 and 70 transmit the vertical and horizontal moments acting on the first claw portion 52 to the main substrate 54 after the claw substrate 66 is joined to the back surface of the main substrate 54. The substrates 54 and 66 act so as not to be disconnected.
[0071]
As shown in FIGS. 10 and 13, the claw substrate 66 on which the first locking claw 52 is formed is formed on the back surface of the main board 54, and the first locking claw 52 extends from the longitudinal through hole 62 of the main board 54. Joined by spot welding or the like so that it pops out. The nail substrate 66 is bonded to the back surface of the main substrate 56 shown in FIG. In the present invention, these nail substrates 66 may be bonded to the surface of the main substrate 56. However, when the second locking claw 20 of the panel 8 shown in FIG. 10 is locked with respect to the first locking claw 52 and the repair filler is filled, it is intended to release the locking of these claws. Since the pulling force acts in the direction in which the nail substrate 66 is attached, the nail substrate 66 has a structure that is stronger against the pulling force at the time of filling when mounted on the back side of the main substrate 54.
[0072]
Next, the concrete wall repair method according to the present embodiment will be described in the order of steps.
In the method according to the present embodiment, first, the surface of the inner wall surface 4 of the concrete wall 2 to be repaired shown in FIG. 10 is inspected, and the defective portion is processed as a preliminary process for repair. Examples of the treatment of the defective portion include embedding a defective portion such as a cracked portion, a corroded portion, and an extreme stepped portion with a suspending treatment or a resin mortar.
Next, the fixture 50 including the claw substrate 66 and the main substrate 54 is attached to the inner wall surface 4 at a predetermined interval. The attachment 50 is attached using, for example, the bolts 14 shown in FIGS. Once one fixture 50 is attached along the vertical direction shown in FIG. 10, next, another fixture 50 is attached to the inner wall surface 4 on the side. At that time, the end portion 58a or 59a of the positioning branch plate portion 58 or 59 is fitted with the end portion 59a or 58a of the positioning branch plate portion 59 or 58 of the adjacent fixture 50, and both attachments are made. The horizontal interval between the tools 50 and 50 is kept constant.
[0073]
Next, the plurality of panels 8 formed with the second locking claws 20 and the second locking claw halves 24 shown in FIG. 2 are attached to the first of the fixture 50 attached to the inner wall surface 4 shown in FIG. It pushes into the inner wall surface 4 side so that the latching claw 52 and the 2nd latching claw 20 of the panel 8 may be aligned. Also, the second locking claw half 24 of the panel 8 shown in FIG. 2 is in contact with the second locking claw half 24 of the other panel 8 and between the first locking claws 52 of the fixture 50. Push into. As a result, in the same manner as in the first embodiment, the second locking claw 20 is fitted between the first locking claws 52, and the butt end portion of the second locking claw half 24 is the first locking claw. The panel 8 can be stretched around the inner wall surface 4 so as to fit between the claws 52 and create a space between the concrete inner wall surface 4 and the panel 8. At that time, as shown in FIG. 7, the packing 30 and the sealing material 32 are embedded at the abutting end portions of the second locking claw halves 24 to maintain the liquid-tightness of the portions.
[0074]
Further, as shown in FIG. 8, a panel connecting member 36 having a substantially T-shaped cross section is attached to the butt joint of the panel end where the second latching claw half is not formed, and the butt end of the butt end is attached. Fill the gap. The panel connecting member 36 is joined to the panel 8 by the welded portion 34. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, at the corners of the concrete wall 2, the corner panel connecting members 40 are attached to the ends of the panels 8. The panel connecting member 36 is joined to the panel 8 by the welded portion 34.
[0075]
After the panel 8 is stretched at a certain distance from the concrete inner wall surface 4, a filler such as cement mortar, polymer cement mortar, polymer mortar, or grout material is filled in the gaps. The solidification of the filler completes the repair of the concrete inner wall surface 4.
[0076]
As a modification of the connecting member 40 shown in FIG. 9, a connecting member 80 shown in FIG. 15 can be exemplified. The connecting member 80 is the same as the member 40 shown in FIG. 9 in that the cross section has a bowl shape, but the member 80 has a rounded r at the corner that contacts the inner wall surface 4. This is different in that the width of the holding plate portions 82 and 84 extending in the direction perpendicular to each other is increased.
[0077]
By giving the corners roundness, the presser plate portion 84 can be pressed against the inner wall surface 4 regardless of the shape of the corner portion 4a of the inner wall surface 4. Further, when the filler is put into both spaces between the panel 8 and the inner wall surface 4 partitioned by the partition plate portion 86 of the connecting member 80 by making the width of the press plate portions 82 and 84 relatively long, The filling pressure in the mutual space interacts to press the connecting member 80 against the wall surface side, and the connecting member 80 can be effectively prevented from being lifted from the wall surface 4.
[0078]
The following experiment was conducted using the fixture 50 and the panel 8 of this embodiment shown in FIG.
A claw substrate 66 shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 is joined to the back surface of the main substrate 54 shown in FIG. 11 by spot welding to form a fixture 50. As the main substrate 54, the length in the longitudinal direction was 1000 mm, and the other dimensions were those in proportion to those shown in FIG. Further, as the nail substrate 66, the vertical width L shown in FIG. 12A is 50 mm, and the other dimensions are those in proportion to the dimensions shown in FIGS. 12A to 12C. It was. 2 (bending elastic modulus 80000 kgf / cm² As a glass fiber reinforced vinyl chloride resin), a panel having a lateral width of 300 mm and a vertical height of 1000 mm is used. The panel is attached to a fixture 50 shown in FIG. 10 and has a specific gravity of 2.1 g / cm.² Of grout material. The filling pressure applied to the bottom panel is about 2000 kg / cm² However, the panel surface bulge was about 1.8 mm.
[0079]
When the height of the inner wall surface 4 is 1000 mm or more, the fixture 50 may be further attached on the fixture 50.
In this embodiment, the flexural modulus of the panel 8 is 50000 kg / cm.² As described above, the panel 8 is hardly deformed even by the filling pressure of the grout material. Moreover, since this panel 8 is excellent in corrosion resistance, corrosion of the concrete inner wall surface 4 can be effectively prevented. Further, since the panel 8 is formed in advance, it is not necessary to perform the FRP process and the anticorrosion process at the site. For this reason, scattering of glass fiber and evaporation of the organic solvent are eliminated, and the working environment is improved. In addition, the need for repeated coating for corrosion prevention is eliminated, and the construction period can be shortened.
[0080]
Furthermore, in this embodiment, the attachment of the attachment 50 to the inner wall surface 4 can be performed with accurate alignment, and the attachment of the attachment 50 is improved.
Further, in the FRP method, if the construction level is poor, problems such as blistering occur in a short period of time. However, in the method of this embodiment, the repair work of the anticorrosion structure is stably performed regardless of the skill level of the operator. be able to. Furthermore, the manufacturing cost as a whole can be reduced as compared with the FRP method.
[0081]
Moreover, it has the following advantages compared with the recently proposed method in Patent Application Publications.
The panel 8 itself has a high bending elasticity, and since the panel 8 is attached to the concrete inner wall surface 4 by a one-touch method, a frame and a crosspiece are not required, and the construction is extremely easy. Moreover, since a frame and a crosspiece are not used, it is preferable also from a viewpoint of nature protection. Furthermore, since the panel 8 is made of plastic and is lightweight, it can be easily operated even in a narrow place.
[0082]
Further, by filling the grout material between the panel 8 and the concrete inner wall surface 4, repair and corrosion prevention are completed at the same time, and it is not necessary to provide a hole or the like on the panel surface. hard.
Third embodiment
This embodiment is a modification of the second embodiment, and uses a nail substrate 66a shown in FIG. 14 instead of the nail substrate 66 used in the fixture 50 shown in FIGS. In this claw substrate 66a, only a pair of first locking claws 52a is formed, and the upper and lower first locking claws 52 shown in FIG. 13 are formed continuously. Compared with other forms such as the first embodiment, the length of the first locking claw in the direction along the concrete body surface is longer, but the second locking claw can be easily opened by simply pushing the panel. It is still possible to fit.
[0083]
The other structure of this embodiment is the same as that of 2nd Embodiment, and there exists an effect similar to 2nd Embodiment.
Fourth embodiment
This embodiment is a modification of the second embodiment, and uses a main board 54a shown in FIG. 16 instead of the main board 54 used in the fixture 50 shown in FIGS. The main board 54a is similar to the main board 54 shown in FIG. 11, except that the alignment branch plate portions 59 and 60 are also formed at the longitudinal center position of the trunk plate portion 56. It is different from that shown in FIG.
[0084]
The other configuration of this embodiment is the same as that of the second embodiment, and the same effect as that of the second embodiment is achieved. However, in this embodiment, the fixture is mounted at the center position in the longitudinal direction of the main board 54a. It can be cut and used. For example, when the length of the main substrate 54a shown in FIG. 16 is too long in view of the height of the concrete body surface, the fixture having the main substrate 54a is used by cutting at a substantially central portion in the field. A fixture having alignment branch plates 58 and 59 at both ends in the longitudinal direction can be obtained.
[0085]
Fifth embodiment
This embodiment is a modification of the second embodiment, and uses a fixture 50b shown in FIG. 17 instead of the fixture 50 shown in FIGS. In this fixture 50b, the end portions 58b and 59b of the alignment branch plate portions 58 and 59 formed on the main board 54b are formed in a corrugated shape, with respect to the end portions 59b and 58b of the other fixtures 50b. It can be fitted freely.
[0086]
The other structure of this embodiment is the same as that of 2nd Embodiment, and there exists an effect similar to 2nd Embodiment.
Sixth embodiment
This embodiment is a modification of the second embodiment, and uses a fixture 50c shown in FIG. 18 together with the fixture 50 shown in FIGS. In this fixture 50c, the main board 54c has a shape having only a pair of alignment branch plates 58 and 59 shown in FIG. A claw substrate having a first locking claw 52 similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is bonded to the back surface of the main substrate 54c in the same manner as described above.
[0087]
For example, when the fixture 50 shown in FIG. 10 alone is insufficient for the height of the inner wall surface of the concrete frame, the fixture 54c is used in combination on the fixture 50, so that the inner wall surface of various heights can be used. Can be repaired. Of course, only a plurality of the attachments 54c may be used and attached to the inner wall surface in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
[0088]
Other configurations and operational effects of this embodiment are the same as those of the second embodiment.
Other embodiments
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be variously modified within the scope of the present invention.
[0089]
For example, the structure of the first locking claws 16 and 52 and the second locking claw 20 is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and any structure can be used as long as the locking claws can be engaged with each other in a one-touch manner. Any shape can be used.
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the concrete wall repair method was illustrated, it can repair similarly on a concrete floor or a concrete ceiling.
[0090]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the following points are superior to the conventional FRP method.
According to the present invention, it is not necessary to perform anti-corrosion treatment by performing FRP processing at the site. For this reason, scattering of glass fiber and evaporation of the organic solvent are eliminated, and the working environment is improved. In addition, the need for repeated coating for corrosion prevention is eliminated, and the construction period can be shortened.
[0091]
In FRP processing, if the degree of construction is poor, problems such as blistering occur in a short period of time, but the method of the present invention can stably perform repair work on the anticorrosion structure regardless of the skill level of the operator. . Furthermore, the manufacturing cost as a whole can be reduced as compared with the FRP process.
[0092]
Moreover, it has the following advantages compared with the recently proposed method in Patent Application Publications.
The panel itself has high rigidity, and since this panel is attached to the concrete frame surface by a one-touch push-in method, a frame and a pier are unnecessary, and construction is extremely easy. Moreover, since a frame and a crosspiece are not used, it is preferable also from a viewpoint of nature protection. Furthermore, since the panel is made of plastic and lightweight, it can be easily operated even in a small place.
[0093]
Further, by filling a filler between the panel and the concrete frame surface, repair and corrosion prevention are completed at the same time, and it is not necessary to provide a hole or the like on the panel surface, so that defects in repair and corrosion prevention are unlikely to occur.
Furthermore, in the present invention in which the fixture is composed of an assembly of the main substrate and the claw substrate and the alignment branch plate portion is formed on the main substrate, the attachment workability of the fixture to the wall surface is particularly improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a main part showing a concrete frame surface repair method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a main part of the panel shown in FIG.
3 (A) is a front view of the fixture shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 (B) is a plan view of the fixture shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 (C) is a side view of the fixture shown in FIG. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of an attachment position of a fixture with respect to a concrete wall.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a main part when the panel is attached to a concrete wall as viewed from above.
6A is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a state after the first locking claw and the second locking claw are fitted, and FIG. 6B is a diagram showing the first locking claw and the second locking claw. It is principal part sectional drawing which shows the state after a fitting with a pawl.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the lateral abutting ends of the panels.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the vertical butt ends of the panels.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a butt end portion between panels at a corner portion of a concrete wall.
FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a main part of a fixture used in a concrete frame surface repair method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
11 is an overall plan view of the main substrate shown in FIG.
12A is a plan view of a claw substrate in which the first locking claw shown in FIG. 10 is integrally formed, and FIGS. 12B and 12C are side views thereof.
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a nail substrate.
FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a modification of the nail substrate.
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a modification of the panel connecting member.
FIG. 16 is a plan view showing a modification of the main board.
FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a principal part showing a modification of the fixture.
FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing another modification of the fixture.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 ... Concrete wall
4 ... Inner wall
6, 50, 50b, 50c ... Fixture
8 ... Panel
14 ... Bolt
16, 52, 52a ... first locking claw
18 ... Hook part
20 ... Second locking claw
24 ... Second locking claw half
54 ... Main board
66, 66a ... Nail substrate
56 ... Trunk board
58, 59 ... Branch plate for alignment
60 ... Branch plate

Claims (4)

Attaching the fixtures having the first locking claws to the surface of the concrete frame at predetermined intervals;
A plurality of panels having a second locking claw formed on a surface thereof that can be fitted to the first locking claw, and a second locking claw fitted to the first locking claw so that the concrete frame surface and the panel Stretching around the concrete frame surface so that a space is formed between
A fitting used for a concrete frame surface repair method having a step of pouring and solidifying a repair filler into the space between the panel and the concrete frame surface,
Having a main substrate attached to the surface of the concrete housing surface;
The main board has a plurality of elongated trunk plate portions and a pair of branch plate portions protruding in the short direction of the trunk plate portion in the same plane across the trunk plate portion,
One end portion of at least one pair of branch plate portions among the plurality of pair of branch plate portions is formed in a shape that can be fitted to the other end portion,
A plurality of the first locking claws are mounted so as to protrude from the surface of the main board, and are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the trunk plate portion.   The first locking claw is integrally formed on the claw substrate, and the claw substrate is attached to the back surface of the main substrate so that the first claw portion protrudes from the surface of the main substrate. The fixture according to claim 1. The method of repairing a concrete frame surface using the fixture of Claim 1 or 2. It is a panel used for the method of repairing the concrete frame surface according to claim 3,
The second locking claw that can be fitted to the first locking claw of the fixture attached to the surface of the concrete frame surface is formed, and both ends of the panel have end portions of the panel A second latching claw half portion having the same effect as the second latching claw is formed by abutting each other, and the panel has a flexural modulus (JIS K 7203) of 50000 kg / cm ^2. The panel used for the concrete frame surface repair method which consists of the above-mentioned corrosion-resistant plastic.

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