JP3864343B2 - Perforated lid for drainage, ventilation, etc. - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is, for example, provided in the water conveyance hole on the side wall of the drainage block facing the drainage paved road, provided in the drainage hole of the planting block and other flowerpots installed in various places such as streets and parks, Perforated lids for drainage, ventilation, etc. that can be provided in kitchen sinks, bathrooms, various washing places, drainage holes in places where drainage is required, ventilation holes, ventilation holes, etc. of buildings, equipment, etc. is there.

Conventionally, various drainage holes, ventilation holes, etc. are prevented from flowing into or out of various holes such as various aggregates, planting soil, dust, foreign substances, etc. depending on their applications. For this type of porous lid, for example, a large number of through holes extending radially from the center to the periphery of a circular or rectangular plate material are formed radially, and the openings of the respective through holes are provided. As shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-141133, the width of which is gradually widened toward the peripheral edge of the plate material, and through holes formed in a large number in the plate material to form a radial shape. The group consists of a substantially arrow-shaped through hole and a substantially rain-drop shaped through hole interposed between the substantially arrow-shaped through holes, and the opening widths of both the substantially arrow-shaped through hole and the substantially rain-drop shaped through hole are directed toward the peripheral side of the plate material. There is something gradually made wider.
JP 2004-141133 A

However, in such a conventional porous lid, since the opening width of each through-hole is gradually increased toward the peripheral side of the plate material, the opening width of the through-hole on the peripheral side of the plate material becomes too large, so Various aggregates, planting soil, dust, foreign matter, etc. that should be prevented easily pass through the lid, and conversely, in order to prevent this, the spread of the opening width of the through holes toward the peripheral edge of the plate material is suppressed. However, there is a problem that the porosity is reduced and clogging occurs, and drainage, ventilation and ventilation cannot be performed quickly.
The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and prevents passage of various aggregates, planting soil, dust, foreign matters, etc. having predetermined dimensions while maintaining high porosity as much as possible. It is an object to provide a porous lid for drainage and ventilation that can quickly and efficiently ventilate and ventilate.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the porous lid for drainage, ventilation, etc. of the present invention has a thin plate 2 with a large number of through holes 3 extending radially toward the periphery thereof, and the opening width of the through holes 3 In the perforated lid, which is gradually widened toward the peripheral side of the plate member 2, the through-hole 3 extends from the through-hole outer end 4 on the peripheral side of the plate member 2 to the inside along the axis 6 direction of the through-hole 3 and has a predetermined dimension d. Or the narrow part 7 is provided in the position for every predetermined dimension d, and while this narrow part 7 and the opening width a of the vicinity become below the said predetermined dimension d, the outer edge part of the through-hole 3 along the said axis 6 direction 4 between the constricted portion 7, immediately inside the constricted portion 7, or between the outer end portion 4 and the constricted portion 7 located on the outermost side, between the constricted portions 7, and immediately inside the constricted portion 7 located on the innermost side. The virtual circle A having a diameter of the predetermined dimension d is substantially inscribed or protrudes from the hole edge of the through hole 3. It is a constant, in which the opening of the through hole 3 is restricted.

  Further, in the porous lid for drainage, ventilation, etc. of the present invention, the through hole 8 provided in the substantially central portion of the plate member 2 has a virtual circle A having a diameter of at most a predetermined dimension d so as to be substantially inscribed in the hole edge. It is formed by assuming that the opening of the through hole 8 is restricted.

  The perforated lid for drainage, ventilation, etc. of the present invention is provided with a constricted portion at a position of a predetermined dimension or a predetermined dimension at the widest from the outer end to the radial through hole, and the constricted portion and an opening in the vicinity thereof. The width is equal to or smaller than the predetermined dimension, and along the axial direction of the through hole, between the outer end portion of the through hole and the constricted portion, immediately inside the constricted portion, or between the outer end portion and the outermost constricted portion, It is assumed that a virtual circle having a diameter of the above-mentioned predetermined dimension protrudes substantially from the inside edge of the through hole or from the edge of the hole at the inner side of the innermost constricted part. When a through hole is additionally drilled in the approximate center of the plate material to which the through hole is directed, the through hole is assumed to have a virtual circle having a diameter of a predetermined dimension at most, substantially inscribed in the hole edge. Since the opening of the hole is regulated, the opening width is gradually increased toward the peripheral side of the plate material. While maintaining the high porosity having as much as possible without losing as much as possible, by adjusting the degree of opening of the through hole in the peripheral part of the plate material and the opening degree of the through hole in the central part of the plate material, various kinds of predetermined size or more set according to the application The passage of aggregates, planting soil, dust, foreign matter, etc. is reliably prevented, and drainage, ventilation and ventilation can be performed quickly and efficiently.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the porous lid of the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes the porous lid of the present embodiment, and as shown in FIG. A large number of extending through holes 3 are formed radially, and the through holes 3 are formed from a long first large through hole 3a and a short small second through hole 3b interposed between the first through holes 3a. In addition, the inner end portions 5 of the first and second through holes 3a and 3b are directed to substantially the center of the plate member 2, and the outer end portion 4 is positioned on the peripheral side of the plate member 2.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 1 (d), the first through hole 3a is provided with a bulging portion 3d having a wide opening width on the inner end portion 5 side, and the periphery of the plate member 2 except that it has a bowl shape. The opening width is gradually increased toward the edge side, that is, the outer end portion 4, and the opening width of the second through hole 3 b is gradually increased from the inner end portion 5 toward the outer end portion 4. The first and second through holes 3a and 3b are arranged at positions of a predetermined dimension d inward from the outer end portion 4 along the axis 6 (radial) direction of the first and second through holes 3a and 3b. A constricted portion 7 is provided, and an opening width a in the constricted portion 7 and the vicinity thereof is set to be equal to or smaller than the predetermined dimension d, whereby the outer end 4 of the first and second through holes 3a and 3b and the constricted portion 7 are separated. And the opening of the 1st, 2nd through-hole 3a, 3b in the inner side part of this narrow part 7 is controlled.

That is, the opening width of the first and second through holes 3a and 3b is gradually increased toward the outer end portion 4, but the opening width is suppressed by the constricted portion 7 at a predetermined position. A virtual circle A having a diameter of a predetermined dimension d shown by a broken line in FIG. 1 (d) is formed between the outer end 4 and the constricted portion 7 along the axis 6 of the holes 3a and 3b and immediately inside the constricted portion 7. The first and second through holes 3a and 3b are assumed to be substantially inscribed with the hole edges, and the shape of the through holes prevents passage of an object having a predetermined dimension d or more.
Also, in the bulging portion 3d of the first through hole 3a, it is assumed that the virtual circle A having the diameter of the predetermined dimension d is substantially inscribed in the hole edge, so as to prevent the passage of an object having the predetermined dimension d or more. Has been made.

  The predetermined dimension d is set according to the use of the porous lid 1. For example, when the porous lid 1 is used for a water guide hole penetrating a side wall of a drainage block facing a drainage pavement, asphalt roughening is used. When set to be slightly smaller than the main particle size (particle size) of aggregate and used for draining holes in planting blocks and flower pots, the main particle size of planting filler such as planting soil and aggregate ( When used for drainage holes in various places, ventilation holes and ventilation holes of buildings, equipment, etc., the distribution of water in the drainage holes or ventilation holes It is set to be smaller than the size of obstructing dust or foreign matter.

  Further, in the porous lid 1 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1D, the porosity is as much as possible depending on the shape of the first and second through holes 3a and 3b and the combination arrangement thereof. A through hole 8 is also drilled at the approximate center of the plate 2 to which the first and second through holes 3a and 3b arranged in a radial direction are oriented. Then, in order for the virtual circle A to be substantially inscribed in the hole edge, the peripheral edge of the circle having a diameter larger than the predetermined dimension d is recessed, so that the hole edge is formed into a substantially cross shape with a small amount of protrusion in all directions. At the same time as making the porosity, it is intended to prevent passage of objects having a predetermined dimension d or more.

  In addition, regarding the said through-hole 3, ie, the 1st, 2nd through-hole 3a, 3b, the shape of the narrow part 7 and the hole edge continuing to this is a gentle curve shape as shown in the said FIG. It is not limited, and as shown in FIG. 2 (a), it may be appropriately modified such as a shape in which the opening width of the hole is abruptly reduced, and the shape on the outer end 4 side is limited to a rounded shape. However, it is also possible to have an angular shape as shown in FIG. 2 (a), and in any case, when the virtual circle A is assumed to be substantially inscribed in the hole edge, Easy to maintain and preferable. Further, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), it is assumed that the opening width a in the constricted portion 7 is excessively reduced, and the virtual circle A does not necessarily touch the hole edge and slightly protrudes from the hole edge. Of course, in this case as well, it is possible to prevent passage of an object having a predetermined dimension d or more. These points are the same in the embodiments described later.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the narrow part 7 is provided in the position of the predetermined dimension d inside each axis 6 from the outer side edge part 4 of the 1st, 2nd through-hole 3a, 3b, As shown in FIG. 3, the constricted portion 7 may be provided on the inner side along the axis 6 from the outer end portion 4 at a position of a dimension d ′ smaller than a predetermined dimension d. Also in this case, the narrowed portion 7 and the opening width a in the vicinity thereof are set to a predetermined dimension d or less in the same manner as described above, and the outer end portion 4 and the narrowed portion 7 along the axis 6 of the first and second through holes 3a and 3b. It is assumed that a virtual circle A having a diameter of a predetermined dimension d shown by a broken line in FIG. 3 is substantially inscribed with the hole edges of the first and second through holes 3a and 3b in the space and immediately inside the constricted portion 7. Has been.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the porous lid of the present invention. The porous lid 1 of this embodiment is a modification of that shown in FIG. 1, and the first and second through holes 3a and 3b are longer. The difference is that two constricted portions 7 are provided, and the other portions are basically the same as those shown in FIG. 1, and the description of the similar portions is referred to above.
In the porous lid 1 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the first and second through holes 3a and 3b are connected to the first and second through holes from the outer end 4 thereof. The narrow portions 7 are respectively provided at positions corresponding to the predetermined dimension d on the inner side along the respective axis 6 directions of 3a and 3b, and the opening width a in the narrow portion 7 and the vicinity thereof is set to be equal to or smaller than the predetermined dimension d. 1st and 2nd through-hole in the inner side part between the outer side edge part 4 of the 1st, 2nd through-hole 3a, 3b and the outermost narrow part 7, between the narrow parts 7, and the innermost narrow part 7 The openings 3a and 3b are restricted.

  That is, the opening widths of the first and second through holes 3a and 3b are gradually increased toward the outer end portion 4, but the opening widths are suppressed by the constricted portions 7 at two predetermined positions, respectively. As shown in (b), along the axis 6 of the first and second through holes 3a, 3b, the outer end 4 and the outermost constricted portion 7, the constricted portions 7 and the innermost constricted portion 7 are arranged. A virtual circle A having a diameter of a predetermined dimension d indicated by a broken line is assumed to be substantially inscribed at the hole edges of the first and second through holes 3a and 3b. It is intended to prevent the passage of objects having a predetermined dimension d or more.

In addition, also in the porous lid 1 of this embodiment, regarding the first and second through holes 3a and 3b, the shape of the constricted portion 7 and the hole edge continuous thereto is shown in FIG. As shown, the opening width of the hole may be abruptly reduced, and the shape of the outer end 4 side may be chamfered as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5 (b), it may be assumed that the opening width a in the constricted portion 7 is excessively reduced and the virtual circle A slightly protrudes from the hole edge. The maximum opening width along the circumferential direction of the plate member 2 is slightly smaller than twice the predetermined dimension d between the outer end portion 4 and the outermost constricted portion 7 along the axis 6a of 3a. Each of the virtual circles A may be assumed to be slightly inscribed in part of the hole edge and protrude slightly from the hole edge, and can be appropriately modified. A.
Further, as a modification of the one shown in FIG. 3, the constricted portion 7 is provided in each dimension d ′ smaller than a predetermined dimension d from the outer end 4 of the first and second through holes 3a, 3b to the inner side along the axis 6. In this case as well, the outer end 4 of the first and second through holes 3a and 3b and the outermost constricted portion 7 between the constricted portions 7, It is assumed that the imaginary circle A protrudes from the hole edge of the first and second through holes 3a and 3b, or substantially inscribed in the inner part of the innermost constricted part 7 or from the hole edge ( (Not shown).

In addition, the material of the plate member 2 forming the porous lid 1 of each of the above embodiments is preferably stainless steel in terms of strength and corrosion resistance, but may be other metals or synthetic resins.
Further, the plate member 2 is not limited to a circular shape, and may be appropriately formed into a shape such as a triangle, a polygon, an ellipse, etc. in addition to a square or an octagon as shown in FIGS. However, as shown in FIG. 6 (f), the concave portion 9 may be provided intermittently on the outer peripheral edge thereof, and the size, thickness, etc. may be appropriately determined according to the application. Note that the recess 9 shown in FIG. 6 (f) has a gap (above the two-dot chain line) between the recess 9 and the hole edge 20 (shown by a two-dot chain line) such as the drain hole when the porous lid 1 is provided in the drain hole or the like. In order to contribute to the improvement of the porosity by forming a virtual circle A that is substantially inscribed or protrudes into the gap and restricts the opening of the recess 9 to prevent the passage of objects of a predetermined size or more. Made.
Further, the plate member 2 is not limited to a flat plate shape as shown in FIGS. 1 (b) and (c), and as a modification thereof, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 (e) and (f), the peripheral portion is bent to the back side. Alternatively, a plurality of leg pieces for insertion and attachment may be provided by appropriate means on the back side, or the whole may have a curved plate shape or the like.

  In each of the above embodiments, the radial through holes 3 are formed by the first through holes 3a and the second through holes 3b. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this, and various appropriate shapes and sizes are possible. In addition, only one type having the same shape or a combination of a plurality of types having different shapes may be appropriately arranged, and at least as described above, the through-hole 3 is directed toward the outer end portion 4. The opening width is gradually increased, and at the widest position from the outer end 4 to the inner end 5, the position is a predetermined dimension d or a position for each predetermined dimension d (that is, a position d ′ smaller than the predetermined dimension d or a position for each dimension d ′). It is only necessary that the opening of the through-hole 3 is regulated by providing the constricted portion 7.

For example, the through hole 3 of the porous lid 1 shown in FIG. 6A is the same as the first and second through holes 3a and 3b having the same shape as that shown in FIG. 1 and the first through hole shown in FIG. The third through-hole 3c is formed from three types of third through-holes 3c having a shape, and a long third through-hole 3c is arranged in the diagonal direction of the rectangular plate member 2 and the third through-hole 3c adjacent to the circumferential direction of the plate member 2 The second through holes 3b are respectively arranged on both sides of the first through hole 3a so as to form a radial shape.
Further, the through hole 3 in the case of FIG. 6 (b) consists of one kind of the same shape as the first through hole shown in FIG. 1, and the through hole 3 in the case of FIG. The first through-hole 3a, which is substantially the same shape as the second through-hole shown in FIG. 4 and whose inner end 5 side is further tapered, and the second through-hole 3b, which is transformed into a rounded shape. Each of the plate members 2 has a radial shape from the substantially center to the periphery, and is alternately arranged in the circumferential direction.

Further, the through hole 3 in the case of FIG. 6 (d) is a modification of the first through hole shown in FIG. 1, and the inner end portion 5 side is not provided from the midway portion without providing the bulging portion on the inner end portion 5 side. The first through hole 3a having a narrow and constant opening width and the second through hole 3b having the same shape as the second through hole shown in FIG. 1 are formed. The second through-hole 3b is interposed between the through-holes 3a to form a radial shape. In addition, the through-hole 3 in the case of FIG. Is replaced by a third through hole 3c substantially similar to the shape of the second through hole 3b.
In addition, the through hole 3 in the case of FIG. 6 (f) is a first through hole 3a having the same shape as the first through hole shown in FIG. 4 and a second through hole having the same shape as the second through hole shown in FIG. The two through holes 3b are formed, and the second through holes 3b are interposed between the first through holes 3a to form a radial shape.

  Further, the through holes 3 in the case of FIG. 6 (g) are deformed by the deformation of the first and second through holes shown in FIG. 4, and the shape of the through holes 3 is further increased and the number of the constricted portions 7 is increased. It is formed from two types of first and second through holes 3a and 3b provided with a portion 7, and in the same manner as shown in FIG. 4, the second through hole 3b is interposed between the first through holes 3a to form a radial shape. .

  In addition, the through-hole 8 drilled at the approximate center of the plate member 2 is not limited to a small, substantially cross-shaped shape in which a plurality of circular peripheral edges are recessed as shown in FIG. (D) a circle, or an ellipse, a triangle, a rectangle, a polygon, and the like, or a substantially six-flower shape as shown in FIG. 6 (c), a large approximately cross shape as shown in FIG. In particular, it is assumed that a virtual circle A having a diameter equal to or larger than the predetermined dimension d is prevented from passing through or substantially protrudes from the hole edge. For example, in the case of FIG. It is assumed that the circle A is substantially inscribed at the center of the hole and the six radial ends, and in the case of FIG. 6 (e), the virtual circle A is assumed to be substantially inscribed at the center of the hole and each of the cross-shaped ends. The hole edge between the center part and the end part protrudes to the inside of the virtual circle A so that the space between the opposite hole edges is narrowly formed). Should I Te. In addition, the through-hole 8 may be provided as necessary.

Next, an example of use of the porous lid 1 of the present invention will be described. In the case shown in FIG. 7, the hole of the water guide hole 11 is provided in the side wall of the drainage block 10 where the porous lid 1 faces the drainage pavement 13. As road surface water or the like that is fixedly attached to the edge and penetrates into the drainage functional layer 14 on the impermeable layer 15 of the drainage pavement road 13 flows into the water guide hole 11 and is drained into the drainage channel 12 inside, A structure such as coarse asphalt aggregate having a predetermined size or more is prevented from flowing into the inside of the water guide hole 11 from the perforation edge of the porous lid 1.
In the case shown in FIG. 8, the porous lid 1 is locked to the upper edge of the drain hole 17 at the bottom of the planting block 16, and the coarse bone below the planting soil 18 inside the planting block 16. A material having a predetermined size or more of a planting filler such as planting soil 18 or coarse aggregate 19 is applied to the material 19 and flows out from the drain hole 17 on the perforation edge of the porous lid 1. It is made to prevent it.
In addition, although not shown in the drawings, the porous lid 1 of the present invention is provided in drainage holes in various places, ventilation holes and ventilation holes of buildings, devices, etc. You may make it prevent the passage of things larger than a predetermined size, such as obstructing dust and foreign matter.

  1 shows an embodiment of the porous lid of the present invention, in which (A) is a front view, (B) is a sectional view taken along the line B-B in (A), (C) is a sectional view taken along the line C-C in (A), (A) is a partially enlarged front view, (e) is a BB cross-sectional view of (a) showing a modification, and (f) is a CC cross-sectional view of (a) showing the modification.   (A) and (B) are partial front views showing other embodiments of the porous lid of the present invention.   The partial front view which shows other embodiment of the porous cover of this invention.   The other embodiment of the porous lid | cover of this invention is shown, (A) is a front view, (B) is a partially expanded front view.   (A) and (B) are partial front views showing other embodiments of the porous lid of the present invention.   (A) thru | or (G) is a front view which shows other embodiment of the porous lid | cover of this invention, respectively.   Sectional drawing which shows one usage example of the porous cover of this invention.   Sectional drawing which shows the other usage example of the porous cover of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Porous cover 2 Board | plate material 3, 8 Through-hole 3a 1st through-hole 3b 2nd through-hole 3c 3rd through-hole 3d bulging part 4 Outer end part 5 Inner end part 6 Axis 7 Constricted part A Virtual circle a Opening width d Predetermined Size

Claims (2)

  A large number of through holes (3) extending toward the periphery of the thin plate (2) are formed radially, and the opening width of the through holes (3) is gradually increased toward the periphery of the plate (2). In the porous lid, the through hole (3) has a predetermined dimension (d) at most from the outer end (4) of the peripheral edge of the plate (2) to the inner side along the axis (6) direction of the through hole (3). Alternatively, a constricted portion (7) is provided at a position for each predetermined dimension (d), the constricted portion (7) and the opening width (a) in the vicinity thereof are made equal to or smaller than the predetermined dimension (d), and the axis ( 6) Between the outer end (4) and the constricted portion (7) of the through hole (3) along the direction, the inner portion of the constricted portion (7), or the outer end (4) and the constricted portion on the outermost side. An imaginary circle (A) having a diameter of the predetermined dimension (d) in the portion (7), between the constricted portions (7), and immediately inside the constricted portion (7) on the innermost side Is assumed as protrude from substantially inscribed or hole edge to hole edge of the through hole (3), formed by regulating the opening of the through hole (3) draining, porous cover such ventilation.   A through-hole (8) provided in a substantially central portion of the plate material (2) is drilled on the assumption that a virtual circle (A) having a diameter of a predetermined dimension (d) at most is inscribed in the hole edge. The porous lid for drainage, ventilation or the like according to claim 1, wherein the opening of the hole (8) is regulated.

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