JP3871451B2 - N, N, N ', N'-{4,4 ', 4 ", 4"'-tetrakis (N, N-diarylamino) phenyl} -1,4-diaminobenzenes and method for producing the same - Google Patents
N, N, N ', N'-{4,4 ', 4 ", 4"'-tetrakis (N, N-diarylamino) phenyl} -1,4-diaminobenzenes and method for producing the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3871451B2 JP3871451B2 JP30767698A JP30767698A JP3871451B2 JP 3871451 B2 JP3871451 B2 JP 3871451B2 JP 30767698 A JP30767698 A JP 30767698A JP 30767698 A JP30767698 A JP 30767698A JP 3871451 B2 JP3871451 B2 JP 3871451B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- diaminobenzene
- tetrakis
- phenyl
- amino
- bis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 29
- -1 2-ethylphenyl Chemical group 0.000 description 27
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 26
- 125000002243 cyclohexanonyl group Chemical class *C1(*)C(=O)C(*)(*)C(*)(*)C(*)(*)C1(*)* 0.000 description 15
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 13
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
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- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000284156 Clerodendrum quadriloculare Species 0.000 description 5
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- 239000000370 acceptor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- HTSABYAWKQAHBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans 3-methylcyclohexanol Chemical group CC1CCCC(O)C1 HTSABYAWKQAHBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1N GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000000040 m-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C(=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- YQUQWHNMBPIWGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-isopropylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 YQUQWHNMBPIWGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGVHNLRUAMRIEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylcyclohexan-1-one Chemical group CC1CCC(=O)CC1 VGVHNLRUAMRIEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001819 mass spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 125000005259 triarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000006617 triphenylamine group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylmethane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、N,N,N’,N’−{4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス(N,N−ジアリールアミノ)フェニル}−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン類およびその製造法に関する。
本発明の方法によって得られるN,N,N’,N’−{4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス(N,N−ジアリールアミノ)フェニル}−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン類は、有機EL素子に用いられる正孔輸送材料として有用な化合物である。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、有機EL素子に用いられる正孔輸送材料としてはポリビニルカルバゾール、トリフェニルメタン系、オキサジアゾール系、ヒドラゾン系、トリアリールアミン系などが知られていた。これらの内、トリアリールアミン系の一種であるスターバースト分子と呼ばれる大阪大学の城田らが報告した放射状に伸びたトリフェニルアミン系の一群の分子は容易に安定なアモルファス状態を形成し、さらに低いイオン化ポテンシャルを有することからキャリアー注入が容易であり、正孔輸送材料として優れた材料である(Chem.Lett.,1731(1991))。しかしながらこれらのスターバースト分子の中で最も性能が優れている下記式(4)
【化5】
で示されるMTDATA(特開平1−224353号公報)はガラス転移温度が75度であり耐熱性の面で問題があり、さらにキャリアー注入能力の向上の点で、よりイオン化ポテンシャルの小さな化合物が望まれていた。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は耐熱性に優れ、かつイオン化ポテンシャルの小さな新規なスターバースト型アミンおよびその製造法を提供することにある。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは耐熱性に優れ、かつイオン化ポテンシャルの小さな新規なスターバースト型アミンを見いだすべく鋭意検討を行った結果、N,N,N’,N’−{4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス(N,N−ジアリールアミノ)フェニル}−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン類およびそれらの製造方法を見いだし本発明に到達した。すなわち、本発明は一般式(1)
【化6】
(式中Rは水素原子または炭素数 1 乃至4のアルキル基を表す)で表されるN,N,N’,N’−{4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス(N,N−ジアリールアミノ)フェニル}−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン類、中でも一般式(1)においてRが水素原子もしくは3−メチル基である化合物であり、かつ、水素移動触媒の存在下、式(2)
【化7】
で表されるN,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキスアミノフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンと一般式(3)
【化8】
(式中Rは水素原子またはアルキル基を表す)で表されるシクロヘキサノン類とを反応させることを特徴とする一般式(6)
【化9】
(式中Rは水素原子またはアルキル基を表す)で表されるN,N,N’,N’−{4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス(N,N−ジアリールアミノ)フェニル}−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン類の製造方法、中でも一般式(1)においてRが水素原子もしくは3−メチル基である化合物の製造方法である。
【0005】
【発明実施の形態】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明における一般式(1)
【化10】
(式中Rは水素原子またはアルキル基を表す)
で表されるN,N,N’,N’−{4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス(N,N−ジアリールアミノ)フェニル}−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン類の置換基Rは水素原子もしくはアルキル基であればいかなる置換基でもよいが、好ましくは水素原子、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、イソプロピル基、ブチル基、イソブチル基、sec−ブチル基、t−ブチル基等の低級アルキル基が好ましく、特に水素原子、メチル基が好ましい。一般式(1)で示される化合物として具体的には、N,N,N’,N’−{4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス(N,N−ジフェニルアミノ)フェニル}−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(2−メチルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(3−メチルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(4−メチルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(2−エチルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス〔N,N−ビス(3−エチルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(4−エチルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(2−プロピルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(3−プロピルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(4−プロピルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(2−イソプロピルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(3−イソプロピルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(4−イソプロピルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(2−ブチルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(3−ブチルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(4−ブチルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(2−イソブチルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−{4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(3−イソブチルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(4−イソブチルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(2−sec−ブチルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(3−sec−ブチルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(4−sec−ブチルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(2−t−ブチルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(3−t−ブチルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(4−t−ブチルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン等が挙げられ、中でもN,N,N’,N’−{4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス(N,N−ジフェニルアミノ)フェニル}−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(3−メチルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンが好ましい。
【0006】
本発明に使用される式(2)
【化11】
で表されるN,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキスアミノフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンは例えば、1,4−ジアミノベンゼンと4−クロロニトロベンゼンとを銅触媒の存在下、ジメチルホルムアミド等の非プロトン性極性溶媒中で反応させて式(5)
【化12】
で示されるN,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキスニトロフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンを得、これを水素化触媒を用いて水素化することで容易に得ることができる。
【0007】
本発明の反応はN,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキスアミノフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンとシクロヘキサノンとの反応を例にとると下記のスキーム1および2に示された反応を連続的に行うことにより達成される。
【0008】
スキーム1
【化13】
【0009】
スキーム2
【化14】
【0010】
すなわち、スキーム1においては、N,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキスアミノフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンの1つのアミノ基とシクロヘキサノンが脱水縮合してシッフ塩基が生成し、このシッフ塩基が水素移動触媒により脱水素されてN,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−トリスアミノフェニル)−N’−(4’’’−フェニルアミノフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンが生成、この一連の反応がN,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキスアミノフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンの残りのアミノ基でも繰り返されてN,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキスフェニルアミノフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンが生成する。
スキーム2においては、N,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキスフェニルアミノフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンの1つのアミノ基とシクロヘキサノンが脱水縮合してエナミンが生成し、このエナミンが水素移動触媒により脱水素されてN,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−トリスフェニルアミノフェニル)−N’−(4’’’−ジフェニルアミノフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンが生成、この一連の反応がN,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキスフェニルアミノフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンの残りのアミノ基でも繰り返されてN,N,N’,N’−{4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス(N,N−ジフェニルアミノ)フェニル}−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンが生成する。
【0011】
本発明において実施される反応の形態としては、例えば、フラスコにN,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキスアミノフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン、シクロヘキサノン類、水素移動触媒、溶媒、および必要により水素受容体を仕込み、所定温度で生成水を系外に除去しながら反応させ(スキーム1)、次いで、さらにシクロヘキサノン類、および必要により酸を添加し、同条件で反応させる(スキーム2)方法等が挙げられる。
【0012】
本発明に使用されるシクロヘキサノン類は、一般式(1)で示される化合物に対応する置換基Rを有したシクロヘキサノン類であり、具体的にはシクロヘキサノン、2−メチルシクロヘキサノン、3−メチルシクロヘキサノン、4−メチルシクロヘキサノン、2−エチルシクロヘキサノン、3−エチルシクロヘキサノン、4−エチルシクロヘキサノン、2−プロピルシクロヘキサノン、3−プロピルシクロヘキサノン、4−プロピルシクロヘキサノン、2−イソプロピルシクロヘキサノン、3−イソプロピルシクロヘキサノン、4−イソプロピルシクロヘキサノン、2−ブチルシクロヘキサノン、3−ブチルシクロヘキサノン、4−ブチルシクロヘキサノン等の低級アルキル基の置換したシクロヘキサノン類が好ましい。また、使用するシクロヘキサノン類の入手が困難な場合においても対応するフェノール類(例えば、無置換のシクロヘキサノンであれば無置換のフェノール、3−メチルシクロヘキサノンであればm−クレゾール)が入手可能であればその対応するフェノール類を水素化することで使用するシクロヘキサノン類を製造し、使用することもできる。また、本発明においては、対応するフェノール類を少量のシクロヘキサノン類と共にそのまま原料として用いることもできる。すなわち、反応中に副生する水素によりフェノール類が水素化を受け、シクロヘキサノン類となり供給されるので効率的である。
【0013】
シクロヘキサノン類の使用量は、N,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキスアミノフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンに対して、スキーム1、スキーム2の段階のそれぞれ4.0当量以上、計8.0当量以上、好ましくはそれぞれ6.0当量以上、計12.0当量以上が必要である。
ただし、シクロヘキサノン類に対応するフェノール類を用いる場合は、シクロヘキサノン類の使用量は少量で良く、スキーム1の段階では原料であるN,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキスアミノフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンに対して0. 5ないし4.0当量、好ましくは1.0ないし3.0当量であり、スキーム2の段階では1.0ないし8.0当量、好ましくは2.0ないし6.0当量である。この範囲より少ないとシクロヘキサノン類が不足し収率の低下を招き、この範囲より多いと副反応が進行しやすくなる。また、この時のフェノール類の使用量はスキーム1の段階とスキーム2の段階合わせてN,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキスアミノフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンに対して10.0当量以上あれば問題ないが、通常は溶媒としても用いるのが有利であり好ましくは20.0当量以上である。
【0014】
本発明においてはスキーム1および2に示したように反応中水素が副生するので水素受容体を共存させることが望ましい.具体的にはα−メチルスチレン、オクテン、ノネン、デセン等のオレフィン化合物、フェノール、2−メチルフェノール、3−メチルフェノール、4−メチルフェノール、2−エチルフェノール、3−エチルフェノール、4−エチルフェノール、2−プロピルフェノール、3−プロピルフェノール、4−プロピルフェノール、2−イソプロピルフェノール、3−イソプロピルフェノール、4−イソプロピルフェノール、2−ブチルフェノール、3−ブチルフェノール、4−ブチルフェノール、2−イソブチルフェノール、3−イソブチルフェノール、4−イソブチルフェノール、2−sec−ブチルフェノール、3−sec−ブチルフェノール、4−sec−ブチルフェノール、2−t−ブチルフェノール、3−t−ブチルフェノール、4−t−ブチルフェノール等のフェノール類等が挙げられる。これらの水素受容体の内、好ましくはフェノール類、特に好ましくは一般式(2)で示されるシクロヘキサノン類に対応するフェノール類であり、反応系内で原料であるシクロヘキサノン類を生成するので効率的である。
【0015】
本発明に使用される反応溶媒としては基質と反応しないものであれば、技術上公知の溶媒を特に問題なく使用することができる。中でも、シクロヘキサノン類に対応するフェノール類を溶媒として用いるとフェノール類そのものが水素受容体としても機能し、シクロヘキサノン類を生成するので、シクロヘキサノン類の使用量も低減できる等の有利であり、好ましい。その使用量はN,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキスアミノフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンに対して10当量以上あればよく、好ましくは20当量以上である。
以上のようにシクロヘキサノン類に対応するフェノール類は溶媒、水素受容体、シクロヘキサノン類の前駆体の3種類の機能を同時に満たしているのでフェノール類を使用することは極めて高効率となる.
【0016】
本発明に使用される水素移動触媒としては、通常に用いられる水素化触媒は脱水素反応にも適するため、これらの水素化触媒を使用する。具体的には、ラネーニッケル、還元ニッケル、もしくはニッケル坦時触媒、ラネーコバルト、還元コバルト、もしくはコバルト坦時触媒、ラネー銅、還元銅、もしくは銅坦時触媒、周期律表第8族の貴金属触媒、もしくはその貴金属が坦体として、炭素、アルミナ、シリカ、マグネシア、珪藻土、炭酸バリウムなどに坦時された触媒、レニウム/炭素等のレニウム触媒等が挙げられる。これらの触媒のうち、好ましくはパラジウムであり、特に、炭素、アルミナ、シリカ、マグネシア等の坦体に坦持されたパラジウム坦時触媒が好ましい。その使用量は原料であるN,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキスアミノフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンの仕込み量に対して金属量として0.01〜2.0重量%、好ましくは0.1〜1.0重量%である。
【0017】
反応温度は通常130〜300℃で、好ましくは160〜250℃の範囲で選ばれる。これより低い温度では反応速度が小さく、高い温度では副生成物が多く生成するので好ましくない。
【0018】
スキーム2の段階においては脱水触媒として酸の添加が有効である。具体的には、塩酸、硫酸、硝酸、燐酸等の無機酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸、酪酸、オクチル酸、安息香酸、フタル酸、イソフタル酸、テレフタル酸、フェニル酢酸、シュウ酸等の有機酸が挙げられるがこれらに限定されるものではない。好ましくは安息香酸、フタル酸、イソフタル酸、テレフタル酸等の芳香族有機酸である。その使用量は原料のN,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキスアミノフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンの仕込み量に対して0.5〜30重量%、好ましくは1〜20重量%である。
【0019】
本発明において、脱水反応時に生成する水は反応系外に取り除かなくても良いが、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン等の非水系の共沸脱水剤を用いて生成水を反応系外に取り除くと脱水速度が大きくなり、効率良く反応が進行し好ましい。
【0020】
本発明により生成したN,N,N’,N’−{4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス(N,N−ジアリールアミノ)フェニル}−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン類は反応終了後の混合物から触媒を濾別し、溶媒、過剰量のシクロヘキサノン類を蒸留により留去した後、カラムクロマトグラフィー、晶析等することにより取り出すことができる。
【0021】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の方法を実施例によって具体的に説明する。
製造例1(N,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキスアミノフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンの合成)
分離器を備えた還流冷却器、温度計及び撹拌装置を備えた500mlの丸底フラスコに、1,4−ジアミノベンゼン21.6g(0.2モル)、4−ニトロクロロベンゼン138.6g(0.88モル)、炭酸カリウム69.0g(0.50モル)、酸化銅2.0g、ジメチルアセトアミド200gを装入した。反応器内を攪拌しながら160℃まで昇温し、15時間反応を行った。この間に生成する水はトルエンを装入して共沸させ、還流冷却器にて凝縮させた後、分離器より分離した。反応液を冷却後、水2000gを満たした3リットルフラスコに装入し、スラッジングを1時間行った。生成物を濾別、水を用いて洗浄し、乾燥することでN,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキスニトロフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンが94.7g(取り出し収率80%)得られた。
ついでこのN,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキスニトロフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン59.2g(0.1モル)、THF(テトラヒドロフラン)100g、エヌ・イー・ケムキャット社製5%Pd/C(50wet%)0.6gを500mlステンレス製オートクレーブに仕込み、水素分圧0.5MPa、反応温度90℃で水素化を行った。反応終了後冷却し、反応液を濾別することで触媒を約1重量%含むN,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキスアミノフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンが44.8g(取り出し収率95%)得られた.
【0022】
実施例1(N,N,N’,N’−{4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス(N,N−ジフェニルアミノ)フェニル}−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンの合成)分離器を備えた還流冷却器、温度計及び撹拌装置を備えた200mlの丸底フラスコに、エヌ・イー・ケムキャット社製5%Pd/C(50wet%)3.8g、フェノール94.1g(1.0モル)、シクロヘキサノン3.0g(0.03モル)、製造例で合成したN,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキスアミノフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン9.7g(0.02モル)を装入した。反応器内を撹拌しながら175℃まで昇温し15時間反応を行った。この間に生成する水はトルエンを装入して共沸させ、還流冷却器にて凝縮させた後分離器より分離した。次いで反応液にイソフタル酸1.9gを加え、シクロヘキサノン8.0g(0.08モル)を25時間かけて滴下挿入し反応を続行した。シクロヘキサノンの滴下終了後さらに175℃で3時間反応を行った。反応混合液より5%Pd/Cを濾別し、濾液からトルエン、フェノールを留去した。残渣にトルエンを加えてトルエン溶液とし、このトルエン溶液をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーによりトルエン/ヘキサンを展開液として用いて精製し、トルエンより再結晶したところ題記化合物が5.8g(取り出し収率27%)で得られた。
構造確認はMassスペクトル(m/z=1080)、IR、1H NMRで行い、IRのスペクトルチャートを図1、1H NMRのスペクトルチャートを図2に示した。またDSC測定を行ったところ融点は275℃、ガラス転移温度は115℃でありMTDATAのガラス転移温度75℃と比較して耐熱性に改善が見られた。さらにサイクリックボルタメトリー測定によりイオン化ポテンシャルを求めたところイオン化ポテンシャルは4.8eVであり,MTDATAの4.9eVと比較して低いイオン化ポテンシャルを実現できた。
【0023】
実施例2(N,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(3−メチルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンの合成)
分離器を備えた還流冷却器、温度計及び撹拌装置を備えた200mlの丸底フラスコに、エヌ・イー・ケムキャット社製5%Pd/C(50wet%)3.8g、3−メチルフェノール108.1g(1.0モル)、3−メチルシクロヘキサノン3.4g(0.03モル)、製造例で合成したN,N,N’,N’−(4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキスアミノフェニル)−1,4−ジアミノベンゼン9.7g(0.02モル)を装入した。反応器内を撹拌しながら192℃まで昇温し25時間反応を行った。次いで反応液にイソフタル酸1.9gを加え、3−メチルシクロヘキサノン9.0g(0.08モル)を40時間かけて滴下挿入し反応を続行した。3−メチルシクロヘキサノンの滴下終了後さらに192℃で3時間反応を行った。この間に生成する水はトルエンを装入して共沸させ、還流冷却器にて凝縮させた後分離器より分離した。反応混合液より5%Pd/Cを濾別し、濾液からトルエン、3−メチルフェノールを留去した。残渣にトルエンを加えてトルエン溶液とし、このトルエン溶液をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーによりトルエン/ヘキサンを展開液として用いて精製し、トルエンより再結晶したところ題記化合物が7.6g(取り出し収率32%)で得られた。
構造確認はMassスペクトル(m/z=1192)、IR、1H NMRで行い、IRのスペクトルチャートを図3、1H NMRのスペクトルチャートを図4に示した。またDSC測定を行ったところ融点は299℃、ガラス転移温度は101℃であり、MTDATAのガラス転移温度75℃と比較して耐熱性に改善が見られた。さらにサイクリックボルタメトリー測定によりイオン化ポテンシャルを求めたところイオン化ポテンシャルは4.8eVでありMTDATAの4.9eVと比較して低いイオン化ポテンシャルを実現できた。
【0024】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、耐熱性に優れ、かつイオン化ポテンシャルの小さな新規なスターバースト型アミンおよびその工業的に有用な製造法を提供することができた。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 実施例1で得られたN,N,N’,N’−{4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス(N,N−ジフェニルアミノ)フェニル}−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンのIR(KBr錠剤法)スペクトルである。
【図2】 実施例1で得られたN,N,N’,N’−{4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス(N,N−ジフェニルアミノ)フェニル}−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンの1H NMR(DMSO−d6,400MHz)スペクトルである。
【図3】 実施例2で得られたN,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(3−メチルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンのIR(KBr錠剤法)スペクトルである。
【図4】 実施例2で得られたN,N,N’,N’−〔4,4’,4’’,4’’’−テトラキス{N,N−ビス(3−メチルフェニル)アミノ}フェニル〕−1,4−ジアミノベンゼンの1H NMR(DMSO−d6,400MHz)スペクトルである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to N, N, N ′, N ′-{4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis (N, N-diarylamino) phenyl} -1,4-diaminobenzenes and the like It relates to the manufacturing method.
N, N, N ′, N ′-{4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis (N, N-diarylamino) phenyl} -1,4-diaminobenzene obtained by the method of the present invention Is a compound useful as a hole transport material used in organic EL devices.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, polyvinyl carbazole, triphenylmethane, oxadiazole, hydrazone, triarylamine, and the like have been known as hole transport materials used in organic EL devices. Of these, a group of radially extended triphenylamines, called Shirota of Osaka University, called starburst molecules, a kind of triarylamines, easily form a stable amorphous state, which is even lower. Since it has an ionization potential, it is easy to inject carriers and is an excellent material as a hole transport material (Chem. Lett., 1731 (1991)). However, the following formula (4), which has the best performance among these starburst molecules:
[Chemical formula 5]
MTDATA (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-2224353), which has a glass transition temperature of 75 ° C., is problematic in terms of heat resistance, and a compound having a smaller ionization potential is desired in terms of improving the carrier injection capability. It was.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a novel starburst amine having excellent heat resistance and low ionization potential, and a method for producing the same.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to find a new starburst amine having excellent heat resistance and low ionization potential, the present inventors have found that N, N, N ′, N ′-{4,4 ′, 4 ″. 4,4 ′ ″-tetrakis (N, N-diarylamino) phenyl} -1,4-diaminobenzenes and methods for producing them have been found and the present invention has been achieved. That is, the present invention relates to the general formula (1)
[Chemical 6]
(Wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms) N, N, N ′, N ′-{4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis ( N, N-diarylamino) phenyl} -1,4-diaminobenzenes, particularly compounds in which R is a hydrogen atom or a 3-methyl group in general formula (1), and in the presence of a hydrogen transfer catalyst, (2)
[Chemical 7]
N, N, N ′, N ′-(4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakisaminophenyl) -1,4-diaminobenzene represented by the general formula (3)
[Chemical 8]
(Wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group ), and a general formula ( 6 )
[Chemical 9]
(Wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group) N, N, N ′, N ′-{4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis (N, N-diarylamino ) Phenyl} -1,4-diaminobenzenes, particularly a compound in which R is a hydrogen atom or a 3-methyl group in the general formula (1).
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
General formula (1) in this invention
[Chemical Formula 10]
(Wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group)
Of N, N, N ′, N ′-{4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis (N, N-diarylamino) phenyl} -1,4-diaminobenzenes represented by The group R may be any substituent as long as it is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, but is preferably a hydrogen atom, methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, t-butyl group. Lower alkyl groups such as hydrogen atom and methyl group are particularly preferable. Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (1) include N, N, N ′, N ′-{4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis (N, N-diphenylamino) phenyl. } -1,4-diaminobenzene, N, N, N ′, N ′-[4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis {N, N-bis (2-methylphenyl) amino} phenyl ] -1,4-diaminobenzene, N, N, N ′, N ′-[4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis {N, N-bis (3-methylphenyl) amino} phenyl ] -1,4-diaminobenzene, N, N, N ′, N ′-[4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis {N, N-bis (4-methylphenyl) amino} phenyl ] -1,4-diaminobenzene, N, N, N ′, N ′-[4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis {N, N-bis (2-ethylphenyl) amino} phenyl ] -1,4 -Diaminobenzene, N, N, N ', N'-[4,4 ', 4'',4'''-tetrakis [N, N-bis (3-ethylphenyl) amino} phenyl] -1,4 -Diaminobenzene, N, N, N ', N'-[4,4 ', 4'',4'''-tetrakis {N, N-bis (4-ethylphenyl) amino} phenyl] -1,4 -Diaminobenzene, N, N, N ', N'-[4,4 ', 4'',4'''-tetrakis {N, N-bis (2-propylphenyl) amino} phenyl] -1,4 -Diaminobenzene, N, N, N ', N'-[4,4 ', 4'',4'''-tetrakis {N, N-bis (3-propylphenyl) amino} phenyl] -1,4 -Diaminobenzene, N, N, N ', N'-[4,4 ', 4'',4'''-tetrakis {N, N-bis (4-propylphenyl) amino} phenyl] -1,4 - Aminobenzene, N, N, N ′, N ′-[4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis {N, N-bis (2-isopropylphenyl) amino} phenyl] -1,4- Diaminobenzene, N, N, N ′, N ′-[4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis {N, N-bis (3-isopropylphenyl) amino} phenyl] -1,4- Diaminobenzene, N, N, N ′, N ′-[4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis {N, N-bis (4-isopropylphenyl) amino} phenyl] -1,4- Diaminobenzene, N, N, N ′, N ′-[4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis {N, N-bis (2-butylphenyl) amino} phenyl] -1,4- Diaminobenzene, N, N, N ′, N ′-[4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis {N, N-bis (3-butylphenyl) amino} phenyl] -1 , 4-Diaminobenzene, N, N, N ′, N ′-[4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis {N, N-bis (4-butylphenyl) amino} phenyl] -1 , 4-Diaminobenzene, N, N, N ′, N ′-[4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis {N, N-bis (2-isobutylphenyl) amino} phenyl] -1 , 4-diaminobenzene, N, N, N ′, N ′-{4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis {N, N-bis (3-isobutylphenyl) amino} phenyl] -1 , 4-diaminobenzene, N, N, N ′, N ′-[4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis {N, N-bis (4-isobutylphenyl) amino} phenyl] -1 , 4-diaminobenzene, N, N, N ′, N ′-[4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis {N, N-bis (2-sec-butylphenyl) amino} phene Nyl] -1,4-diaminobenzene, N, N, N ′, N ′-[4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ″ ′-tetrakis {N, N-bis (3-sec-butylphenyl) Amino} phenyl] -1,4-diaminobenzene, N, N, N ′, N ′-[4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis {N, N-bis (4-sec-butyl) Phenyl) amino} phenyl] -1,4-diaminobenzene, N, N, N ′, N ′-[4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis {N, N-bis (2-t -Butylphenyl) amino} phenyl] -1,4-diaminobenzene, N, N, N ′, N ′-[4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis {N, N-bis (3 -T-butylphenyl) amino} phenyl] -1,4-diaminobenzene, N, N, N ′, N ′-[4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis {N, N-bis (4-t-Butyl Fe Nyl) amino} phenyl] -1,4-diaminobenzene, among others, N, N, N ′, N ′-{4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis (N, N— Diphenylamino) phenyl} -1,4-diaminobenzene, N, N, N ′, N ′-[4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis {N, N-bis (3-methylphenyl) ) Amino} phenyl] -1,4-diaminobenzene is preferred.
[0006]
Formula (2) used in the present invention
Embedded image
N, N, N ′, N ′-(4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakisaminophenyl) -1,4-diaminobenzene represented by, for example, 1,4-diaminobenzene and Reaction with 4-chloronitrobenzene in the presence of a copper catalyst in an aprotic polar solvent such as dimethylformamide gives
Embedded image
N, N, N ′, N ′-(4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakisnitrophenyl) -1,4-diaminobenzene represented by formula (1) is obtained using a hydrogenation catalyst. It can be easily obtained by hydrogenation.
[0007]
The reaction of the present invention is exemplified by the reaction of N, N, N ′, N ′-(4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakisaminophenyl) -1,4-diaminobenzene and cyclohexanone. And by performing the reactions shown in
[0008]
Embedded image
[0009]
Scheme 2
Embedded image
[0010]
That is, in
In Scheme 2, one amino group of N, N, N ′, N ′-(4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakisphenylaminophenyl) -1,4-diaminobenzene and cyclohexanone are Dehydration condensation produces enamine, which is dehydrogenated by a hydrogen transfer catalyst and N, N, N ′, N ′-(4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-trisphenylaminophenyl) -N '-(4'''-diphenylaminophenyl) -1,4-diaminobenzene is formed, and this series of reactions is N, N, N ', N'-(4,4 ', 4'', 4 '''-Tetrakisphenylaminophenyl) -1,4-diaminobenzene is repeated in the remaining amino groups to repeat N, N, N ′, N ′-{4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″ − Tetrakis (N, N-diphenylamino) phenyl} -1,4-diaminobenzene is produced.
[0011]
Examples of the reaction carried out in the present invention include N, N, N ′, N ′-(4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakisaminophenyl) -1,4-in a flask. Diaminobenzene, cyclohexanone, hydrogen transfer catalyst, solvent, and optionally a hydrogen acceptor are charged and reacted at a predetermined temperature while removing the generated water from the system (Scheme 1), and then further cyclohexanone and, optionally, an acid. And reacting under the same conditions (Scheme 2).
[0012]
The cyclohexanones used in the present invention are cyclohexanones having a substituent R corresponding to the compound represented by the general formula (1), specifically, cyclohexanone, 2-methylcyclohexanone, 3-methylcyclohexanone, 4 -Methylcyclohexanone, 2-ethylcyclohexanone, 3-ethylcyclohexanone, 4-ethylcyclohexanone, 2-propylcyclohexanone, 3-propylcyclohexanone, 4-propylcyclohexanone, 2-isopropylcyclohexanone, 3-isopropylcyclohexanone, 4-isopropylcyclohexanone, 2 -Cyclohexanones substituted with a lower alkyl group such as butylcyclohexanone, 3-butylcyclohexanone and 4-butylcyclohexanone are preferred. Moreover, even when it is difficult to obtain cyclohexanones to be used, if corresponding phenols (for example, unsubstituted phenol for unsubstituted cyclohexanone, m-cresol for 3-methylcyclohexanone) are available. Cyclohexanones to be used can be produced and used by hydrogenating the corresponding phenols. In the present invention, the corresponding phenols can be used as raw materials together with a small amount of cyclohexanones. That is, the phenols are hydrogenated by hydrogen produced as a by-product during the reaction and are supplied as cyclohexanones, which is efficient.
[0013]
The amount of cyclohexanone used is N, N, N ′, N ′-(4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakisaminophenyl) -1,4-diaminobenzene,
However, when phenols corresponding to cyclohexanones are used, the amount of cyclohexanones used may be small, and N, N, N ′, N ′-(4,4 ′, 4 ′) which is a raw material at the stage of Scheme 1 ', 4'''-tetrakisaminophenyl) -1,4-diaminobenzene, 0. 5 to 4.0 equivalents, preferably 1.0 to 3.0 equivalents, and in the stage of Scheme 2, 1.0 to 8.0 equivalents, preferably 2.0 to 6.0 equivalents. If it is less than this range, the cyclohexanone will be insufficient and the yield will be reduced. If it is more than this range, side reactions will easily proceed. In this case, the amount of phenols used is N, N, N ′, N ′-(4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakisaminophenyl in accordance with the steps of
[0014]
In the present invention, as shown in
[0015]
As the reaction solvent used in the present invention, a solvent known in the art can be used without any problem as long as it does not react with the substrate. Among these, when phenols corresponding to cyclohexanones are used as a solvent, the phenols themselves also function as hydrogen acceptors and produce cyclohexanones, which is advantageous and preferable in that the amount of cyclohexanones used can be reduced. The amount used may be 10 equivalents or more with respect to N, N, N ′, N ′-(4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakisaminophenyl) -1,4-diaminobenzene, Preferably it is 20 equivalents or more.
As described above, phenols corresponding to cyclohexanones satisfy the three functions of a solvent, a hydrogen acceptor, and a precursor of cyclohexanones at the same time, so that the use of phenols is extremely efficient.
[0016]
As the hydrogen transfer catalyst used in the present invention, normally used hydrogenation catalysts are suitable for the dehydrogenation reaction, so these hydrogenation catalysts are used. Specifically, Raney nickel, reduced nickel, or nickel-carrying catalyst, Raney cobalt, reduced cobalt, or cobalt-carrying catalyst, Raney copper, reduced copper, or copper-carrying catalyst, Group 8 noble metal catalyst, Alternatively, a catalyst in which the noble metal is supported on carbon, alumina, silica, magnesia, diatomaceous earth, barium carbonate, or the like, or a rhenium catalyst such as rhenium / carbon may be used. Among these catalysts, palladium is preferable, and palladium-supported catalysts supported on a carrier such as carbon, alumina, silica, magnesia and the like are particularly preferable. The amount used is a metal relative to the charged amount of raw materials N, N, N ′, N ′-(4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakisaminophenyl) -1,4-diaminobenzene. The amount is 0.01 to 2.0% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 1.0% by weight.
[0017]
The reaction temperature is usually 130 to 300 ° C, preferably 160 to 250 ° C. A temperature lower than this is not preferable because the reaction rate is low, and a high temperature produces many by-products.
[0018]
In the stage of Scheme 2, addition of an acid is effective as a dehydration catalyst. Specific examples include inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and phosphoric acid, and organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, octylic acid, benzoic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, phenylacetic acid and oxalic acid. However, it is not limited to these. Aromatic organic acids such as benzoic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid are preferred. The amount used is 0. with respect to the charged amount of raw materials N, N, N ′, N ′-(4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakisaminophenyl) -1,4-diaminobenzene. 5 to 30% by weight, preferably 1 to 20% by weight.
[0019]
In the present invention, the water produced during the dehydration reaction may not be removed from the reaction system, but if the produced water is removed from the reaction system using a non-aqueous azeotropic dehydrating agent such as benzene, toluene, xylene, the dehydration rate. Is preferable, since the reaction proceeds efficiently.
[0020]
N, N, N ′, N ′-{4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis (N, N-diarylamino) phenyl} -1,4-diaminobenzenes produced according to the present invention are The catalyst can be removed from the mixture after completion of the reaction by filtration, and the solvent and excess cyclohexanone can be removed by distillation, followed by column chromatography, crystallization, and the like.
[0021]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the method of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
Production Example 1 (Synthesis of N, N, N ′, N ′-(4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakisaminophenyl) -1,4-diaminobenzene)
In a 500 ml round bottom flask equipped with a reflux condenser equipped with a separator, a thermometer and a stirrer, 21.6 g (0.2 mol) of 1,4-diaminobenzene and 138.6 g (0. 88 mol), 69.0 g (0.50 mol) of potassium carbonate, 2.0 g of copper oxide, and 200 g of dimethylacetamide were charged. While stirring in the reactor, the temperature was raised to 160 ° C. and the reaction was carried out for 15 hours. The water produced during this period was azeotropically charged with toluene, condensed in a reflux condenser, and then separated from the separator. After cooling the reaction solution, it was charged into a 3 liter flask filled with 2000 g of water and sludged for 1 hour. The product is filtered off, washed with water and dried to give N, N, N ′, N ′-(4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakisnitrophenyl) -1,4 -94.7 g (80% yield) of diaminobenzene was obtained.
Subsequently, 59.2 g (0.1 mol) of this N, N, N ′, N ′-(4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakisnitrophenyl) -1,4-diaminobenzene, THF ( Tetrahydrofuran) 100 g and 5% Pd / C (50 wet%) 0.6 g manufactured by N.E. Chemcat Co. were charged into a 500 ml stainless steel autoclave, and hydrogenated at a hydrogen partial pressure of 0.5 MPa and a reaction temperature of 90 ° C. It cools after completion | finish of reaction, N, N, N ', N'-(4,4 ', 4'',4'''-tetrakisaminophenyl) which contains about 1% by weight of catalyst by filtering the reaction solution. As a result, 44.8 g of -1,4-diaminobenzene was obtained (yield: 95%).
[0022]
Example 1 (Synthesis of N, N, N ′, N ′-{4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis (N, N-diphenylamino) phenyl} -1,4-diaminobenzene) In a 200 ml round bottom flask equipped with a reflux condenser equipped with a separator, a thermometer and a stirrer, 3.8 g of 5% Pd / C (50 wet%) manufactured by N.E. Chemcat, 94.1 g of phenol (1 0.0 mol), 3.0 g (0.03 mol) of cyclohexanone, N, N, N ′, N ′-(4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakisaminophenyl) synthesized in the production example 9.7 g (0.02 mol) of -1,4-diaminobenzene was charged. While stirring in the reactor, the temperature was raised to 175 ° C. and the reaction was carried out for 15 hours. The water produced during this period was azeotropically charged with toluene, condensed in a reflux condenser, and then separated from the separator. Next, 1.9 g of isophthalic acid was added to the reaction solution, and 8.0 g (0.08 mol) of cyclohexanone was added dropwise over 25 hours to continue the reaction. After completion of the dropwise addition of cyclohexanone, the reaction was further carried out at 175 ° C. for 3 hours. 5% Pd / C was filtered off from the reaction mixture, and toluene and phenol were distilled off from the filtrate. Toluene was added to the residue to form a toluene solution, and this toluene solution was purified by silica gel column chromatography using toluene / hexane as a developing solution, and recrystallized from toluene. As a result, 5.8 g of the title compound was obtained (yield: 27%). Was obtained.
The structure was confirmed by mass spectrum (m / z = 1080), IR, and 1 H NMR. FIG. 1 shows the IR spectrum chart, and FIG. 2 shows the 1 H NMR spectrum chart. Further, when DSC measurement was performed, the melting point was 275 ° C., the glass transition temperature was 115 ° C., and the heat resistance was improved as compared with the MTDATA glass transition temperature of 75 ° C. Further, when the ionization potential was determined by cyclic voltammetry measurement, the ionization potential was 4.8 eV, which was lower than that of MTDATA 4.9 eV.
[0023]
Example 2 (N, N, N ′, N ′-[4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis {N, N-bis (3-methylphenyl) amino} phenyl] -1,4 -Synthesis of diaminobenzene)
In a 200 ml round bottom flask equipped with a reflux condenser equipped with a separator, a thermometer, and a stirrer, 3.8 g of 5% Pd / C (50 wet%), 3-methylphenol 108. 1 g (1.0 mol), 3.4 g (0.03 mol) of 3-methylcyclohexanone, N, N, N ′, N ′-(4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ″ synthesized in the production example) 9.7 g (0.02 mol) of '-tetrakisaminophenyl) -1,4-diaminobenzene was charged. While stirring in the reactor, the temperature was raised to 192 ° C. and the reaction was carried out for 25 hours. Next, 1.9 g of isophthalic acid was added to the reaction solution, and 9.0 g (0.08 mol) of 3-methylcyclohexanone was added dropwise over 40 hours to continue the reaction. After completion of the dropwise addition of 3-methylcyclohexanone, the reaction was further carried out at 192 ° C. for 3 hours. The water produced during this period was azeotropically charged with toluene, condensed in a reflux condenser, and then separated from the separator. 5% Pd / C was filtered off from the reaction mixture, and toluene and 3-methylphenol were distilled off from the filtrate. Toluene was added to the residue to form a toluene solution, and this toluene solution was purified by silica gel column chromatography using toluene / hexane as a developing solution, and recrystallized from toluene. As a result, 7.6 g of the title compound was obtained (yield: 32%). Was obtained.
The structure was confirmed by mass spectrum (m / z = 1192), IR, 1 H NMR, IR spectrum chart is shown in FIG. 3, and 1 H NMR spectrum chart is shown in FIG. When DSC measurement was performed, the melting point was 299 ° C., the glass transition temperature was 101 ° C., and the heat resistance was improved as compared with the MTDATA glass transition temperature of 75 ° C. Further, when the ionization potential was determined by cyclic voltammetry measurement, the ionization potential was 4.8 eV, which was lower than that of MTDATA 4.9 eV.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a novel starburst amine having excellent heat resistance and a small ionization potential and an industrially useful production method thereof can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows N, N, N ′, N ′-{4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis (N, N-diphenylamino) phenyl} -1, obtained in Example 1. It is IR (KBr tablet method) spectrum of 4-diaminobenzene.
2 shows N, N, N ′, N ′-{4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis (N, N-diphenylamino) phenyl} -1, obtained in Example 1. FIG. It is a 1 H NMR (DMSO-d 6 , 400 MHz) spectrum of 4-diaminobenzene.
3 shows N, N, N ′, N ′-[4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis {N, N-bis (3-methylphenyl) amino obtained in Example 2. FIG. } Phenyl] -1,4-diaminobenzene IR (KBr tablet method) spectrum.
4 shows N, N, N ′, N ′-[4,4 ′, 4 ″, 4 ′ ″-tetrakis {N, N-bis (3-methylphenyl) amino obtained in Example 2. FIG. } Phenyl] -1,4-diaminobenzene is a 1 H NMR (DMSO-d 6 , 400 MHz) spectrum.
Claims (4)
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| JP30767698A JP3871451B2 (en) | 1998-10-28 | 1998-10-28 | N, N, N ', N'-{4,4 ', 4 ", 4"'-tetrakis (N, N-diarylamino) phenyl} -1,4-diaminobenzenes and method for producing the same |
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| JP30767698A JP3871451B2 (en) | 1998-10-28 | 1998-10-28 | N, N, N ', N'-{4,4 ', 4 ", 4"'-tetrakis (N, N-diarylamino) phenyl} -1,4-diaminobenzenes and method for producing the same |
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| CN106103410A (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2016-11-09 | 日产化学工业株式会社 | Aniline Derivatives and Their Utilization |
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| CN105924361B (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2018-11-20 | 吉林大学 | Diamine monomer containing tetraphenyl-p-phenylenediamine structure substituted by 4-dimethylamine, preparation method and application thereof |
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