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JP3873159B2 - Electroluminescent device - Google Patents
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JP3873159B2 - Electroluminescent device - Google Patents

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JP3873159B2
JP3873159B2 JP25180398A JP25180398A JP3873159B2 JP 3873159 B2 JP3873159 B2 JP 3873159B2 JP 25180398 A JP25180398 A JP 25180398A JP 25180398 A JP25180398 A JP 25180398A JP 3873159 B2 JP3873159 B2 JP 3873159B2
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organic
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transparent
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JP2000068560A (en
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一郎 河野
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Casio Computer Co Ltd
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Casio Computer Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は電界発光素子に関し、さらに詳しくは、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス(以下、有機ELという)材料を発光層に含む電界発光素子の封止技術に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来の電界発光素子としては、相対向する透明基板の一方の透明基板の対向内側面に発光部が形成されたものがある。この発光部は、一方の透明基板側から、順次、透明電極、有機EL材を含む有機EL層、対向電極が積層されて形成されてなる。この一方の基板と他方の基板は、両基板の周縁部に沿って周回するように配置したシール材で所定間隔を保った状態で貼り合わされている。この発光部が形成されている空間は、両基板とシール材とで包囲され外気と遮断された構造となっている。
【0003】
また、他の従来の電界発光素子としては、1枚の透明基板上に、透明電極、有機EL層、対向電極が積層されてなる発光部が形成され、発光部を樹脂封止することにより外気と遮断する構造のものがある。封止材料としては、樹脂の他に、シリカ、SiOXなどのシリコン酸化物や、GeO、MoO3、GeS、SnS、LiFなどの金属酸化物、金属硫化物、金属フッ化物が検討されている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、前者では外気との遮断性はシール材のガス透過性に依存するため、従来のシール材では酸素や水分などの侵入を完全に防止することができないものであった。このため、酸素や水分などの影響で対向電極が酸化することにより、ダークスポットと呼ばれる非点灯領域が成長して電界発光素子が劣化され、素子寿命を短くするという問題があった。
【0005】
後者のうち樹脂封止したものでは、外気の遮断が不十分でありダークスポットの成長を抑えることが困難であった。さらに、封止樹脂の材料によっては有機EL層を劣化させる虞れがあった。また、シリカ、SiOなどのシリコン酸化物や、GeO、MoO3、GeS、SnS、LiFなどの金属酸化物、金属硫化物、金属フッ化物で封止したものでは、結晶粒径を小さくすることが難しいため、ある程度は酸化や水分の侵入を防ぐことはできてもダークスポットの成長の抑制には不十分である。因に、上記した金属酸化物、金属硫化物、金属フッ化物の一般的な成膜方法としては、マグネトロンスパッタRF法が行われるが、高速で成膜を行うと基板温度が上昇して、有機EL層に熱的ダメージを与える不都合があり、逆に低温(100℃以下)で成膜しようとすると、成膜レートが低下してスループットが低くなるという不都合がある。
【0006】
この発明は、外気を遮断する能力が高く、素子劣化を抑制した寿命の長い電界発光素子を提供することを目的としている。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1記載の発明は、電界発光素子であって、有機EL材料を含む発光層を電極で挟んでなる発光部が、六方晶層状構造を有する、In23(ZnO)X(但し、x≧0)でなる保護膜で、封止されていることを特徴としている。
【0008】
請求項1記載の発明では、発光部を封止する保護膜が、六方晶層状構造を有する、In23(ZnO)X(但し、x≧0)が緻密性を有する電気絶縁体であるため、外気が発光部に侵入するのを抑制することができる。
【0009】
そして請求項1記載の発明は、前記保護膜のシート抵抗が10kΩ/□以上である。
【0010】
請求項記載の発明では、保護膜の電気抵抗が高いため、電界発光素子を良好に封止することができる。
【0011】
請求項記載の発明は、請求項記載の電界発光素子であって、前記保護膜の膜厚は、300〜1000nmであることを特徴としている。
【0012】
請求項記載の発明では、保護膜の膜厚を300〜1000nmとすることにより、外気遮断性を十分に確保することができる。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、この発明に係る電界発光素子の詳細を図面に示す実施形態に基づいて説明する。
【0014】
(実施形態1)
図1は、本発明に係る電界発光素子の実施形態1を示す断面説明図である。本実施形態は、例えばガラスでなる透明基板1の上に、導電性のITO(indium tin oxide)又は導電性のIn23(ZnO)m(但しm>0)でなる可視光に対して透過性を示す複数の透明電極2が互いに平行に形成されている。また、透明基板2が形成された透明基板1上に、発光表示領域全体に亙って有機EL層3が形成されている。この有機EL層3は、透明電極2側からN,N'-ジ(α-ナフチル)-N,N'-ジフェニル-ビフェニル-1,1'-ビフェニル-4,4'-ジアミンからなる正孔輸送層、96重量%の4,4'-ビス(2,2-ジフェニルビニレン)ビフェニルおよび4重量%の4,4'-ビス((2-カルバゾール)ビニレン)ビフェニルからなる発光層、アルミニウム-トリス(8-ヒドロキシキノリネート)からなる電子輸送層の3層で構成され、内部に電流が流れることにより青色波長域の光を発する。さらに、有機EL層(電子輸送層)3の上には、透明電極2と交差(直交)する方向に沿って、例えばマグネシウムインジウム(MgIn)でなる仕事関数の低い導電性材料やアルミニウム単体又はアルミニウム合金等でなる複数の対向電極4が平行をなすように形成されている。ここで、対向電極4の膜厚は、300nm以上に設定されている。
【0015】
このような構造に対して、本実施形態では、透明電極2と有機EL層3と対向電極4とでなる発光部全体を覆うように保護層5が形成されている。なお、透明電極2と対向電極4の引き出し端子部は保護層5で覆われずに透明基板1の周縁部まで導出されている。この保護層5は、酸化インジウムと酸化亜鉛との複合酸化物を六方晶層状化合物となるように形成したものであり、図2に示すような結晶構造をもつIn23(ZnO)X(但し、x≧0)である。この六方晶層状化合物であるIn23(ZnO)X(但し、x≧0)は、X線回折や電子線回折でも完全な非晶質パターンを示し、250℃までの熱処理でも非晶質パターンの変化は認められず安定な非晶質構造を保っている。また、この六方晶層状化合物は、1次粒径が細かいため表面平滑性に優れた膜が得られる。さらに、この六方晶層状化合物は、高温高湿環境下に長時間放置しても電気抵抗変化が殆どないという性質がある。また、この六方晶層状化合物の下地に対する密着性は、碁盤目試験により剥離されにくく、曲げによる抵抗変化が殆どない。通常のIn23(ZnO)Xは、ITOと同様に膜中の酸素欠損が生じやすく、それがドナーとなるため、n型の半導体になり導電性を示す。しかし、本実施形態で保護層5に用いる六方晶層状化合物であるIn23(ZnO)X(但し、x≧0)では、後記するように膜中の酸素欠損を積極的に埋めることで絶縁性(高抵抗性)を持たせものであるため、封止材として良好な特性をもつ。因に、本実施形態で保護層5として用いたIn23(ZnO)Xのシート抵抗(面抵抗)は、10kΩ/□以上である。
【0016】
次に、本実施形態における保護層5の成膜プロセスを説明する。
透明電極2、有機EL層3、及び対向電極5を形成した透明基板1をマグネトロンスパッタ装置内に設置・固定した後、封止領域を開口したマスクを配置してIn23(ZnO)Xを堆積させる。この成膜プロセスにおいては、DCリアクティブ方式を採用し、ターゲットとしてIn23:ZnO(95〜50:5〜50wt%)を用い、圧力をmtorrオーダに設定し、出力密度0.5〜5W/cm2に設定して成膜を行った。なお、この成膜プロセスに際して、形成される保護層5の電気抵抗値を上げるためにプラズマガスとして、アルゴン(Ar)、クリプトン(Kr)、キセノン(Xe)などの不活性ガスに5体積%(分圧比)以上の酸素ガスを混合したガスをプラズマ化して用いる。In23(ZnO)Xの導電性は成膜時の雰囲気中の酸素の分圧比に依存し、酸素ガス0体積%での膜の抵抗は、50.6Ω、5体積%では10.9MΩ、10体積%では4.32GΩであった。このように、不活性ガスと酸素ガスとをプラズマ化して用いることにより、In23(ZnO)Xの膜中の酸素欠損を解消して、シート抵抗が10kΩ/□以上の保護層5を形成することができる。なお、成膜時の基板表面温度は、有機EL層3の有機材料の熱劣化を防ぐために、100℃以下に設定した。また、この保護層5の膜厚は、400〜1000nm程度に設定した。また、マグネトロンスパッタ法の他に、対向ターゲットスパッタ法、イオンビームスパッタ法、ECR(電子サイクロトロン共鳴)スパッタ法などの成膜法を適用することが可能である。
【0017】
以上、実施形態1について説明したが、保護層5の成膜方法としては、スパッタ法の他に、不活性ガスと酸素ガスとをプラズマ化したものを用いて、プラズマ・イオンプレーティングを行う方法などを用いることが可能である。
【0018】
下表1に、保護膜5を対向ターゲットスパッタ法にて形成した電界発光素子(本実施形態)と保護膜を形成しない電界発光素子(比較例)を80℃で放置し、発光面内に対するダークスポット(黒点)の成長面積率を時間を追って比較して示している。なお、下表1中の単位は%である。
【0019】
【表1】

Figure 0003873159
【0020】
上記の表1から判るように、本実施形態の電界発光素子は、比較例に比べて、312時間でダークスポットの成長を11倍以上抑制していることが確認できる。本実施形態で形成された保護膜5は、外気を遮断する能力が高く、対向電極4の酸化や、有機EL層3と対向電極4との界面剥離を抑制できる。このため、電界発光素子の劣化を抑制して、寿命を向上させることができる。また、従来の電界発光素子のように保護膜としてSiO2などの絶縁物で形成するには、ターゲットも絶縁物であるため、RF(高周波)スパッタしか用いることができなかったが、本実施形態では、In23(ZnO)Xのターゲットは導電性物質であるため、DC(直流)スパッタ法を用いることができる。このようにDCスパッタ法を用いれば、RFスパッタ法の20倍以上の成膜レートを得ることが可能となり、タクトの向上を図ることができる。
【0021】
(実施形態2)
図3は、本発明に係る電界発光素子の実施形態2を示している。本実施形態の電界発光素子では、ガラスや合成樹脂でなる基板6の上に対向電極4が複数平行に形成され、その上に有機EL層3が形成され、有機EL層3の上に対向電極4と交差する方向に向けて互いに平行をなす複数の透明電極2が形成されている。このような構造において、透明電極2と有機EL層3と対向電極4とでなる発光部全体を覆うように透明な保護層5が形成されている。本実施形態の電界発光素子では、有機EL層3の発光を透明電極2を通じて保護膜5より射出するものであり、基板6は透明である必要はない。なお、本実施形態における各構成部分の材料は、上記した実施形態1と同様である。
【0022】
本実施形態では、上記した実施形態1の作用・効果に加えて、基板6内の光の導波がなくなるため、光の利用効率が向上するなどの効果が得られる。また、本実施形態では、例えばマグネシウムインジウム(MgIn)でなる仕事関数の低い導電性材料やAl合金等でなる対向電極4を基板6の上に形成するため、フォトリソグラフィー技術及びエッチング技術を用いて高精細に加工することが可能となる。
【0023】
以上、実施形態1及び実施形態2について説明したが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではなく、構成の要旨に付随する各種の変更が可能である。例えば、上記した各実施形態では、透明電極2としてITOを用いたが、酸化亜鉛(ZnO)、酸化スズ(SnO2)などの正孔注入性の良い、透明導電性材料を用いてもよい。また、対向電極4としてMgInを用いたが、この他に、MgAgやAlLiなどの低仕事関数材料を用いることができる。さらに、上記した各実施形態では、3層構造の有機EL層3を用いたが、単層構造、2層構造、4層構造など各種の構造変更、材料変更が可能である。
【0024】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明から明らかなように、この発明によれば、外気を遮断する能力が高く、素子劣化を抑制した寿命の長い電界発光素子を実現することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る電界発光素子の実施形態1を示す断面図。
【図2】実施形態1に用いた保護膜を構成する六方晶層状構造のIn23(ZnO)X(但し、x≧0)の結晶構造を示す説明図。
【図3】本発明に係る電界発光素子の実施形態2を示す断面図。
【符号の説明】
1 透明基板
2 透明電極
3 有機EL層
4 対向電極
5 保護膜
6 基板[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electroluminescent element, and more particularly, to a sealing technique for an electroluminescent element including an organic electroluminescence (hereinafter referred to as organic EL) material in a light emitting layer.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a conventional electroluminescent element, there is one in which a light emitting part is formed on the opposing inner surface of one transparent substrate of the opposing transparent substrates. The light-emitting portion is formed by sequentially laminating a transparent electrode, an organic EL layer containing an organic EL material, and a counter electrode from one transparent substrate side. This one board | substrate and the other board | substrate are bonded together in the state which maintained the predetermined space | interval with the sealing material arrange | positioned so that it may wrap around along the peripheral part of both board | substrates. The space in which the light emitting portion is formed has a structure that is surrounded by both substrates and a sealing material and is blocked from the outside air.
[0003]
As another conventional electroluminescent device, a light emitting part in which a transparent electrode, an organic EL layer, and a counter electrode are laminated is formed on a single transparent substrate, and the outside air is sealed by resin sealing the light emitting part. There is a structure of blocking. In addition to resins, silicon oxides such as silica and SiO x , metal oxides such as GeO, MoO 3 , GeS, SnS, and LiF, metal sulfides, and metal fluorides have been studied as sealing materials. .
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the former, since the shielding property to the outside air depends on the gas permeability of the sealing material, the conventional sealing material cannot completely prevent the entry of oxygen, moisture, and the like. For this reason, the counter electrode is oxidized by the influence of oxygen, moisture, etc., so that there is a problem that a non-lighting region called a dark spot grows and the electroluminescent device is deteriorated to shorten the device life.
[0005]
Of the latter, the resin-sealed one was insufficient in blocking the outside air, and it was difficult to suppress the growth of dark spots. Furthermore, there is a possibility that the organic EL layer may be deteriorated depending on the material of the sealing resin. In addition, in the case of silicon oxide such as silica and SiO, or metal oxide such as GeO, MoO 3 , GeS, SnS, and LiF, metal sulfide, and metal fluoride, the crystal grain size can be reduced. Since it is difficult, although it can prevent oxidation and invasion of moisture to some extent, it is insufficient to suppress the growth of dark spots. Incidentally, as a general film formation method for the above-described metal oxide, metal sulfide, and metal fluoride, the magnetron sputtering RF method is performed. There is an inconvenience of thermally damaging the EL layer. Conversely, when an attempt is made to form a film at a low temperature (100 ° C. or lower), there is an inconvenience that the film formation rate is lowered and the throughput is lowered.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to provide an electroluminescent device having a high ability to block outside air and having a long life in which device deterioration is suppressed.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1 is an electroluminescent device, wherein a light emitting portion having a light emitting layer containing an organic EL material sandwiched between electrodes has a hexagonal layered structure, In 2 O 3 (ZnO) x (wherein It is characterized by being sealed with a protective film of x ≧ 0).
[0008]
In the first aspect of the invention, the protective film for sealing the light emitting portion is an electrical insulator having a hexagonal layered structure and In 2 O 3 (ZnO) x (where x ≧ 0) is dense. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the outside air from entering the light emitting unit.
[0009]
In the invention according to claim 1, the sheet resistance of the protective film is 10 kΩ / □ or more.
[0010]
In the first aspect of the invention, since the protective film has a high electric resistance, the electroluminescent element can be sealed well.
[0011]
According to a second aspect of the invention, a light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the protective film is characterized in that it is 300 to 1000 nm.
[0012]
In the invention described in claim 2 , by setting the thickness of the protective film to 300 to 1000 nm, it is possible to sufficiently ensure the outside air blocking property.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the details of the electroluminescent device according to the present invention will be described based on embodiments shown in the drawings.
[0014]
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing Embodiment 1 of the electroluminescent element according to the present invention. In the present embodiment, for example, visible light made of conductive ITO (indium tin oxide) or conductive In 2 O 3 (ZnO) m (where m> 0) is formed on a transparent substrate 1 made of glass, for example. A plurality of transparent electrodes 2 exhibiting transparency are formed in parallel to each other. An organic EL layer 3 is formed over the entire light emitting display area on the transparent substrate 1 on which the transparent substrate 2 is formed. This organic EL layer 3 has positive holes made of N, N′-di (α-naphthyl) -N, N′-diphenyl-biphenyl-1,1′-biphenyl-4,4′-diamine from the transparent electrode 2 side. Transport layer, light-emitting layer composed of 96% by weight of 4,4′-bis (2,2-diphenylvinylene) biphenyl and 4% by weight of 4,4′-bis ((2-carbazole) vinylene) biphenyl, aluminum-tris It is composed of three layers of an electron transport layer made of (8-hydroxyquinolinate), and emits light in the blue wavelength region when an electric current flows inside. Furthermore, on the organic EL layer (electron transport layer) 3, along the direction intersecting (orthogonal) with the transparent electrode 2, a conductive material having a low work function, such as magnesium indium (MgIn), aluminum alone, or aluminum A plurality of counter electrodes 4 made of an alloy or the like are formed in parallel. Here, the film thickness of the counter electrode 4 is set to 300 nm or more.
[0015]
With respect to such a structure, in the present embodiment, the protective layer 5 is formed so as to cover the entire light emitting portion composed of the transparent electrode 2, the organic EL layer 3, and the counter electrode 4. Note that the lead-out terminal portions of the transparent electrode 2 and the counter electrode 4 are not covered with the protective layer 5 and led out to the peripheral edge of the transparent substrate 1. This protective layer 5 is formed by forming a complex oxide of indium oxide and zinc oxide to be a hexagonal layered compound. In 2 O 3 (ZnO) x ( However, x ≧ 0). This hexagonal layered compound, In 2 O 3 (ZnO) X (where x ≧ 0) shows a complete amorphous pattern in X-ray diffraction and electron diffraction, and is amorphous even in heat treatment up to 250 ° C. No change in pattern is observed, and a stable amorphous structure is maintained. Further, since this hexagonal layered compound has a fine primary particle size, a film having excellent surface smoothness can be obtained. Furthermore, this hexagonal layered compound has a property that there is almost no change in electrical resistance even when left for a long time in a high temperature and high humidity environment. Further, the adhesion of the hexagonal layered compound to the base is hardly peeled by a cross-cut test, and there is almost no change in resistance due to bending. Ordinary In 2 O 3 (ZnO) X tends to cause oxygen vacancies in the film, like ITO, and becomes a donor, and thus becomes an n-type semiconductor and exhibits conductivity. However, In 2 O 3 (ZnO) x (where x ≧ 0), which is a hexagonal layered compound used for the protective layer 5 in the present embodiment, oxygen vacancies in the film are actively filled as described later. Since it has insulation (high resistance), it has good characteristics as a sealing material. Incidentally, the sheet resistance (surface resistance) of In 2 O 3 (ZnO) X used as the protective layer 5 in this embodiment is 10 kΩ / □ or more.
[0016]
Next, the film forming process of the protective layer 5 in this embodiment will be described.
After the transparent substrate 1, on which the transparent electrode 2, the organic EL layer 3, and the counter electrode 5 are formed, is placed and fixed in a magnetron sputtering apparatus, a mask having an opening in the sealing region is placed and In 2 O 3 (ZnO) x To deposit. In this film forming process, a DC reactive method is adopted, In 2 O 3 : ZnO (95 to 50: 5 to 50 wt%) is used as a target, the pressure is set to mtorr order, and the output density is 0.5 to 5. Film formation was performed at 5 W / cm 2 . In this film-forming process, 5 vol% (into an inert gas such as argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), or xenon (Xe) is used as a plasma gas in order to increase the electric resistance value of the protective layer 5 to be formed. A gas obtained by mixing oxygen gas with a partial pressure ratio) or more is used after being converted into plasma. The conductivity of In 2 O 3 (ZnO) X depends on the partial pressure ratio of oxygen in the atmosphere during film formation, and the resistance of the film at 0% by volume of oxygen gas is 50.6Ω, and 10.9MΩ at 5% by volume. At 10% by volume, it was 4.32 GΩ. In this way, by using an inert gas and oxygen gas in a plasma state, oxygen vacancies in the In 2 O 3 (ZnO) X film are eliminated, and the protective layer 5 having a sheet resistance of 10 kΩ / □ or more is formed. Can be formed. The substrate surface temperature during film formation was set to 100 ° C. or lower in order to prevent thermal deterioration of the organic material of the organic EL layer 3. Moreover, the film thickness of this protective layer 5 was set to about 400-1000 nm. In addition to the magnetron sputtering method, a film forming method such as an opposed target sputtering method, an ion beam sputtering method, or an ECR (electron cyclotron resonance) sputtering method can be applied.
[0017]
As described above, the first embodiment has been described. As a method for forming the protective layer 5, in addition to the sputtering method, a method in which an inert gas and an oxygen gas are converted into plasma and plasma ion plating is used. Etc. can be used.
[0018]
In Table 1 below, an electroluminescent element (this embodiment) in which the protective film 5 is formed by the facing target sputtering method and an electroluminescent element (comparative example) in which the protective film is not formed are left at 80 ° C. The growth area ratio of spots (black spots) is shown in comparison with time. The unit in Table 1 below is%.
[0019]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003873159
[0020]
As can be seen from Table 1 above, it can be confirmed that the electroluminescent device of this embodiment suppresses the growth of dark spots 11 times or more in 312 hours as compared with the comparative example. The protective film 5 formed in the present embodiment has a high ability to block outside air, and can suppress oxidation of the counter electrode 4 and interface peeling between the organic EL layer 3 and the counter electrode 4. For this reason, deterioration of an electroluminescent element can be suppressed and a lifetime can be improved. Further, since the target is also an insulator for forming the protective film with an insulator such as SiO 2 as in the conventional electroluminescent device, only RF (high frequency) sputtering can be used. Then, since the target of In 2 O 3 (ZnO) X is a conductive material, a DC (direct current) sputtering method can be used. If the DC sputtering method is used in this way, it becomes possible to obtain a film formation rate 20 times or more that of the RF sputtering method, and the tact can be improved.
[0021]
(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 3 shows Embodiment 2 of the electroluminescent element according to the present invention. In the electroluminescent device of this embodiment, a plurality of counter electrodes 4 are formed in parallel on a substrate 6 made of glass or synthetic resin, an organic EL layer 3 is formed thereon, and a counter electrode is formed on the organic EL layer 3. A plurality of transparent electrodes 2 are formed in parallel to each other in a direction intersecting with 4. In such a structure, a transparent protective layer 5 is formed so as to cover the entire light emitting portion composed of the transparent electrode 2, the organic EL layer 3, and the counter electrode 4. In the electroluminescent element of the present embodiment, light emitted from the organic EL layer 3 is emitted from the protective film 5 through the transparent electrode 2, and the substrate 6 does not have to be transparent. In addition, the material of each component in this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1 mentioned above.
[0022]
In the present embodiment, in addition to the operations and effects of the first embodiment described above, since there is no light guiding in the substrate 6, there are obtained effects such as improved light utilization efficiency. Further, in the present embodiment, for example, the counter electrode 4 made of a conductive material having a low work function, such as magnesium indium (MgIn), or an Al alloy is formed on the substrate 6, so that photolithography technology and etching technology are used. High-definition processing is possible.
[0023]
As mentioned above, although Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 were demonstrated, this invention is not limited to these, The various change accompanying the summary of a structure is possible. For example, in each of the embodiments described above, ITO is used as the transparent electrode 2, but a transparent conductive material having good hole injection properties such as zinc oxide (ZnO) and tin oxide (SnO 2 ) may be used. Moreover, although MgIn was used as the counter electrode 4, low work function materials, such as MgAg and AlLi, can be used besides this. Furthermore, in each of the above-described embodiments, the organic EL layer 3 having a three-layer structure is used. However, various structural changes and material changes such as a single-layer structure, a two-layer structure, and a four-layer structure are possible.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize an electroluminescent element having a high ability to block outside air and having a long lifetime while suppressing element deterioration.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a cross-sectional view showing an electroluminescent device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a crystal structure of In 2 O 3 (ZnO) x (where x ≧ 0) having a hexagonal layer structure that constitutes the protective film used in the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an electroluminescent device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Transparent substrate 2 Transparent electrode 3 Organic EL layer 4 Counter electrode 5 Protective film 6 Substrate

Claims (2)

有機EL材料を含む発光層を電極で挟んでなる発光部が、シート抵抗が10kΩ/□以上で六方晶層状構造を有する、In23(ZnO)X(但し、x≧0)でなる保護膜で、封止されていることを特徴とする電界発光素子。A light-emitting portion formed by sandwiching a light-emitting layer containing an organic EL material between electrodes has a sheet resistance of 10 kΩ / □ or more and has a hexagonal layered structure, and protection of In 2 O 3 (ZnO) X (where x ≧ 0) An electroluminescent element which is sealed with a film. 前記保護膜の膜厚は、300〜1000nmであることを特徴とする請求項記載の電界発光素子。Thickness of the protective film, electroluminescent device of claim 1, wherein it is a 300 to 1000 nm.
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