JP3887752B2 - Variable pad - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a variable pad used when a rail is laid and a slab track is constructed.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A slab track is made by placing prestressed concrete plates called slabs on a concrete roadbed, and laying a tie plate that prevents biting into the slab by passing a train and a track pad that reduces vibration from the rails on the slab. They are arranged at regular intervals, and railroad rails are placed on them and fastened to the slab.
[0003]
In order to improve the construction accuracy so as not to generate a gap between the tie plate and the track pad even if there is an unevenness of these members or a displacement of the members at the time of construction, it is described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-5532. In addition, a bag-shaped variable pad, which is fused with heat and pressure by two thermoplastic resin films sandwiched between reinforcing fiber cloths, is sandwiched between the tie plate and the track pad. A curable resin is injected and cured to fill the gap.
[0004]
In the conventional variable pad, when the resin films are fused to form a bag shape, the end of the reinforcing fiber cloth is easy to be wound, so a hole is formed in the fused portion, and the injected curable resin is likely to leak out. It was. Further, when the curable resin is injected, the reinforcing fiber cloth is pushed out and unevenly distributed, so that it is difficult to provide the variable pad with sufficient strength. In addition, since the friction with the tie plate and the track pad is small, there is a problem that the rail is displaced or dropped out due to the vibration caused by the train passing or the expansion and contraction of the rail due to the temperature change.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and when injecting a curable resin, it does not leak out and does not unevenly distribute the existing reinforcing fiber cloth. An object of the present invention is to provide a variable pad that does not slip or fall off while increasing the construction accuracy by filling the gap between the tie plate and the track pad.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The variable pad of the present invention made to achieve the above object will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 corresponding to the embodiment. The variable pad 1 is placed on a tie plate 4 fastened to the prestressed concrete 2 shown in FIG. 2, and a rail 8 is placed on the track pad 5 for use. As shown in FIG. 1, the variable pad 1 is formed of a curable resin on a bag 13 in which a reinforcing fiber cloth 15 is spread and sandwiched between inner portions of the superposed thermoplastic resin sheets 13 a and 13 b and the outer peripheral portion 14 is fused. Is filled. The variable pad 1 is a position that contacts the reinforcing fiber cloth 15, and is substantially symmetrical about the flow path A through which the curable resin flows into the bag 13 from the inlet 11 attached to the outer peripheral portion of the bag 13. A plurality of protrusions 16 are provided toward the inside of the bag 13.
[0007]
When the curable resin is press-fitted into the bag 13, the variable pad 1 passes between the plurality of protrusions 16, passes around the protrusions, flows evenly, and spreads evenly. Since a plurality of protrusions 16 are provided and the reinforcing fiber cloth 15 is held down at a plurality of locations, the reinforcing fiber cloth 15 is not rotated and biased. Therefore, the variable pad 1 is homogeneously superior in strength.
[0008]
When the bag 13 is substantially square and has the inlet 11 at the corner of the variable pad 1, when the curable resin is press-fitted, it flows smoothly into the bag 13 and is uniformly filled. preferable.
[0009]
The variable pad 1 is preferable because the outer peripheral portion 14 can be easily manufactured if the fusion of the outer peripheral portion 14 and the formation of the protrusion 16 are performed by simultaneous heating and pressing, ultrasonic welding, or high-frequency welder. .
[0010]
It is preferable that the bag 13 is made of a biodegradable resin. After the curable resin is pressed into the bag and hardened, the bag is no longer necessary. Therefore, if the bag is decomposed and disappears, less waste is collected.
[0011]
As shown in FIG. 3, the variable pad 1 has at least a portion of the bag 13 that contacts the track pad 5 having a resin exudation portion formed of a porous sheet 17 based on a nonwoven fabric or a woven fabric. May be. An appropriate amount of this resin that has oozed out of the porous sheet 17 by press-fitting a curable resin into the variable pad 1 is cured to firmly bond the variable pad 1 and the track pad 4.
[0012]
The porous sheet 17 is made of synthetic fibers such as polyester, nylon, polypropylene and vinylon, artificial fibers such as rayon and cupra, natural fibers such as cotton and animal hair fibers, and woven fabrics made of inorganic fibers such as glass fibers and rock wool. Cloth and nonwoven fabric are used. These woven fabrics and non-woven fabrics are made of thermoplastic resin having welding characteristics such as polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyamide resin, or the above-mentioned synthetic fiber raw material resin such as polyester, nylon, polypropylene, vinylon. The air permeability may be adjusted to an appropriate range as described below by fusing.
[0013]
It is preferable that the air permeability of the porous sheet 17 is 25 to 200 mL · cm ⁻² · second− ¹ because an appropriate amount of the curable resin oozes out and expresses an appropriate adhesive strength.
[0014]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
[0015]
As shown in the partially cutaway plan view of FIG. 1, the variable pad 1 to which the present invention is applied is a flat, substantially square bag 13, which is filled with a curable resin, for example, a urethane resin. is there. The bag 13 is hermetically sealed by fusing the peripheral edges of the two laminate films 13a and 13b. The necks 11 and 18 are extended from the bag body at two diagonal points of a substantially square shape. A tube 12 with a check valve is inserted into one neck 11 and fused. A glass fiber woven fabric 15 spread as a reinforcing fiber fabric is sandwiched between the laminate films 13a and 13b, that is, in the inner space of the flat bag 13.
[0016]
Centering on the extension line of the neck 11, that is, centering on the flow path A in which the curable resin injected through the tube 12 flows in the bag 13, the edge vicinity of the glass fiber woven fabric 15 and the bag 13 are approximately symmetrical. The glass fiber woven fabric 15 is fastened to the bag 13 so as not to be displaced by a pair of round projections 16 provided by fusion bonding.
[0017]
An example in which the variable pad 1 of this embodiment is prototyped will be described below.
[0018]
First, a laminate sheet is formed from an unstretched nylon sheet (40 μm thickness), a low-density polyethylene sheet (80 μm thickness), and a copolymer sheet (170 μm thickness) of vinyl acetate and ethylene (vinyl acetate content 6%). .
[0019]
The laminate sheet is cut into a substantially square shape with protruding necks 11 and 18 to form two films 13a and 13b having the same outer shape.
[0020]
The # 350 glass fiber woven fabric 15 is cut into a slightly smaller square than the films 13a and 13b and spread over the film 13a. A pair of protrusions 16 are formed by high-frequency weld processing at two locations centered on the extension line of the neck 11 region.
[0021]
The tube 12 is placed on the neck 11 and the film 13b is overlaid thereon. The outer peripheral portion 14 and the neck 11 are fused by high frequency welding. Then, the bag 13 is formed by the films 13 a and 13 b, the glass fiber woven fabric 15 is sealed in the bag 13, and the tube 12 is inserted into the neck 11 and sealed.
[0022]
The variable pad 1 obtained in this way is used when a rail is laid and a slab track is constructed.
[0023]
As shown in FIG. 2, the variable pad 1 is placed on the tie plate 4 fastened to the prestressed concrete slab 2. A rail 8 is mounted thereon via a track pad 5 and fixed to the tie plate 4 by a leaf spring 6.
[0024]
A fine hole is made by piercing the tip of the neck 18 with a needle. The tip of the neck 11 is cut to expose the tube 12 with a check valve. From this tube 12, a urethane resin composed of isocyanate and a polymerization initiator as a curable resin is pressed into the variable pad 1. Then, while the curable resin is divided into the front and back surfaces of the glass fiber woven fabric 15, as shown by the arrows, a part passes through the two protrusions 16, and another part goes around the protrusions 16. Pass through and reach every corner of variable pad 1. The glass fiber woven fabric 15 is held so as not to be shaken back and forth or rotated by two substantially symmetric protrusions 16 and to be rotated, so that the glass fiber woven fabric 15 is not pushed by the press-fitting of the curable resin and remains spread. .
[0025]
In this way, the variable pad 1 swells in the gap between the tie plate 4 and the variable pad 5. Finally, the gap is filled up, and it protrudes from the end of the track pad 5 and swells further. The air in the bag 13 is pushed by the curable resin and accumulates in the air reservoir 18, and excess air escapes from the narrow hole. When the curable resin is sufficiently filled in the bag 13, press-fitting is stopped.
[0026]
After a while, the shape of the swelled variable pad 1 is formed, and the curable resin is cured while the glass fiber woven fabric 15 is spread, and the gap between the tie plate 4 and the track pad 5 is filled.
[0027]
Finally, the disturbing necks 11 and 18 are cut off from the base to complete the operation.
[0028]
An example of another variable pad 1 to which the present invention is applied is shown in the partially cutaway plan view of FIG. The variable pad 1 is substantially the same as the variable pad described above, except that the central portion of one laminate film 13a of the bag 13 is cut out in a rectangular shape, and a porous sheet 17 is covered and fused. The other difference is that the other laminate film 13b and the glass fiber woven fabric 15 are fused by the protrusions 16.
[0029]
An example of using another variable pad 1 as a prototype will be described below.
[0030]
On the basis weight 70 g / m ² of polyester nonwoven fabric, and heated by a weight of 70~75g / m ² Furimaki powdery polyethylene resin was discontinuously coated melted in advance to form a porous sheet 17 . The same laminate sheet as above is cut in the same manner to obtain two films 13a and 13b having the same outer shape. One film 13a is punched in the center. The hole is covered with a porous sheet 17 that is slightly larger than the punched hole, and heat-sealed at the peripheral portion by high-frequency welding. A square # 350 glass fiber woven fabric 15 that is slightly smaller than the films 13a and 13b is spread and spread on the other film 13b. A pair of protrusions 16 are formed by high-frequency weld processing at two locations centered on the extension line of the neck 11 region. A tube 12 is placed on the neck 11 and a film 13a is overlaid thereon. The outer peripheral portion 14 and the neck 11 are fused by high frequency welding. Then, the woven fiber 15 is sealed in the formed bag 13, and the tube 12 is inserted into the neck 11 and sealed.
[0031]
As shown in FIG. 2, the variable pad 1 is placed on the tie plate 4 with the porous sheet 17 facing upward, and the rail 8 is placed and fixed via the track pad 5. When the tip of the neck 11 is cut, a narrow hole is made in the neck 18, and the curable resin is press-fitted into the variable pad 1, the variable pad 1 swells. A part of the curable resin oozes out from the porous sheet 17 by a pressure during press-fitting and adheres to the track pad 5. When the curable resin is sufficiently filled, stop the press-fitting. After a while, the curable resin is cured with the shape of the swelled variable pad 1, and the gap between the tie plate 4 and the track pad 5 is filled. Further, the curable resin that has oozed out of the porous sheet is cured, and the track pad 5 and the variable pad 1 are bonded. The necks 11 and 18 are cut off from the roots to complete the operation.
[0032]
As the porous sheet 17, on top of a polyester nonwoven fabric of basis weight 70 g / m ^2, those obtained by discontinuously coated melted by heating by a weight of 50~75g / m ² Furimaki powdery polyethylene resin It may be used. You may pressurize with the roll of about 0.5 kg / cm < ² > in the case of a heating.
[0033]
The variable pad 1 may have a porous sheet 17 on both sides of the bag 13.
[0034]
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, the entirety may be a porous sheet 17 that is sewn in a bag shape and has a notch 19 at a position corresponding to the bolt 9.
[0035]
The curable resin may be an epoxy resin, a polyester resin, or a foamable urethane resin.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, when the variable pad of the present invention is used as described in detail, the variable pad swells and fills the gap between the tie plate and the track pad by the resin that is press-fitted and hardened, so that the construction accuracy can be improved. Since the variable pad is produced by fusing at the outer periphery without winding the reinforcing fiber cloth, the curable resin does not leak and is not easily damaged. Since the reinforcing fiber cloth in the variable pad is not unevenly distributed, the variable pad after curing is equally excellent in strength.
[0037]
Furthermore, since the variable pad and the track pad are bonded by the resin that has oozed out from the porous sheet and hardened, the variable pad does not slip out due to vibrations passing through the train or the like. If this variable pad is used, maintenance work can be reduced.
[0038]
Moreover, since this variable pad has a simple structure, it is easy to manufacture.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway plan view showing an embodiment of a variable pad to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the middle of use of a variable pad to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway plan view showing another embodiment of a variable pad to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing another embodiment of a variable pad to which the present invention is applied.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 is variable pad, 2 is prestressed concrete, 4 is a tie plate, 5 is a track pad, 6 is a leaf spring, 8 is a rail, 11 is a neck, 12 is a tube, 13 is a bag, 13a and 13b are films, and 14 is outside The peripheral portion, 15 is a reinforcing fiber cloth, 16 is a protrusion, 17 is a porous sheet, 18 is a neck, and 19 is a notch.

Claims (6)

Reinforced fiber cloth is spread and sandwiched inside the laminated thermoplastic resin sheet, and the outer periphery is fused and filled with curable resin and placed on a tie plate fastened to prestressed concrete In the variable pad on which the rail is placed via the track pad, there is a flow path in which the curable resin flows into the bag from the injection port attached to the outer peripheral portion of the bag at the position where the reinforcing fiber cloth comes into contact. A variable pad characterized in that a plurality of protrusions are provided in the center and substantially symmetrically toward the inside of the bag. The variable pad according to claim 1, wherein the bag is substantially square and has the inlet at a corner thereof. 2. The variable pad according to claim 1, wherein the outer peripheral portion is fused and the protrusion is formed by simultaneous heating and pressing, ultrasonic welding, or high-frequency welder. The variable pad according to claim 1, wherein the bag is made of a biodegradable resin. 2. The variable pad according to claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the bag that comes into contact with the track pad has a resin oozing portion formed of a porous sheet based on a nonwoven fabric or a woven fabric. . The variable pad according to claim 5, wherein the porous sheet has an air permeability of 25 to 200 mL · cm ⁻² · sec− ¹ .

Images