JP3903281B2 - Vacuum dryer with liquid material adhesion prevention function - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention relates to an apparatus for obtaining a granular solid material from a liquid raw material, and in particular, is a dryer constituting the apparatus, preventing occurrence of contamination and causing no deterioration in quality. Further, the present invention relates to a vacuum dryer having a liquid raw material adhesion preventing function capable of further improving production efficiency.
[0002]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  Conventionally, in the processing of granular materials such as foods, pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, feeds, chemicals, etc., when obtaining granular materials by drying the liquid raw material, the freezing chamber and the drying chamber are combined and this drying is performed. A dryer (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 42-9719) having a vibration conveyor in the room is used. However, when drying and granulating a liquid raw material using this type of dryer, there are the following problems.
[0003]
  That is, the apparatus disclosed in the Japanese Patent Publication No. 42-9719 uses the radiant heat of the heater provided in the drying chamber 10 ″ as sublimation heat necessary for drying, as shown in FIG. It is necessary to set the temperature to a high temperature, and the granular material in the course of drying may be burnt and thermally deteriorated. As a result, the size of the droplets to be sprayed becomes uneven, and when the deposit grows and falls into the drying chamber 10 ″, drying unevenness occurs. Will cause. Further, since the freezing portion 5 ″ is forcibly cooled using a freezing condensing coil, the freezing portion 5 ″ becomes complicated and large, resulting in an increase in cost and a large installation space. Furthermore, the friction part of the link mechanism involved in the vibration of the vibration conveyor and the scorch by the heater fall on the conveyance part of the vibration conveyor that conveys the object to be processed, resulting in contamination. Furthermore, since the vibration conveyor is located in the drying chamber 10 ″, the sanitary property is insufficient, and therefore, it is not suitable for continuously processing different types of liquid raw materials.
[0004]
  In order to improve such problems, the present applicant is able to prevent the occurrence of contamination, cause no quality deterioration due to heat, and further reduce the cost required for drying and granulation processing. Has developed a powder production apparatus using a liquid raw material and a powder production method using the apparatus, and already applied for Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-399640 “Powder production apparatus using liquid raw material and powder using this apparatus. It has been applied for a patent as a "body manufacturing method".
  As shown in FIG. 11, the vacuum vibration drier D ′, which is a powder particle manufacturing apparatus disclosed in this patent application, has a drying chamber 10 ′ of an indirect heating type using a heating medium. Is connected to a vacuum generator 6 'for decompressing the inside, and further, this drying chamber 10' or the freezing section 5 'in communication with the drying chamber 10' is for spraying the liquid raw material L. This is characterized in that a nozzle 51 'is provided, and the above problems have already been improved. However, there is room for improvement in the following points.
[0005]
  That is, the spray droplets M sprayed from the nozzle 51 'in the freezing section 5' are self-frozen into fine granules in the freezing section 5 'to become a frozen product G, and then sent into the drying chamber 10'. The sprayed droplet M is sticky until it freezes, and the frozen material G is partly in contact with the warm surface until the temperature is not lowered sufficiently. It melts and adheres to that part.
  Specifically, the frozen portion 5 'is mainly composed of a metal material, and since the outer peripheral surface is in contact with the outside air, the temperature of the inner peripheral surface is higher than the temperature of the inner space. As shown in an enlarged manner, the spray droplet M or the frozen substance G adheres to the inner peripheral surface of the frozen portion 5 '. When this deposit grows and falls into a lump in the drying chamber 10 ', it not only causes uneven drying, but in a severe case, the freezing section 5' and the drying chamber 10 It is expected that the communication part with 'will be closed.
[0006]
  In order to avoid such a situation, the diameter of the frozen portion 5 'is set large, or the height is set large and the injection width of the nozzle 51' is narrowed. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent the spray droplet M or the frozen material G sprayed from as much as possible from hitting the inner peripheral surface of the frozen portion 5 '. However, even when such measures are taken, it is actually possible to completely prevent the sprayed droplets M or frozen matter G sprayed from the nozzle 51 'from coming into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the frozen portion 5'. It is difficult.
  Of course, since the vibration of the vibrator unit 4 'is transmitted to the freezing section 5', an effect of dropping off the frozen material adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the freezing section 5 'can be expected. When used, it may be unavoidable that the frozen portion 5 'adheres to the inner peripheral surface.
[0007]
[Technical problem to be solved]
  The present invention has been made in view of such a background, and by reliably preventing the contact of spray droplets or frozen matter with the inner peripheral surface of the freezing part, drying unevenness or the freezing part and the drying chamber can be prevented. The technical issue is the development of a vacuum dryer that has a function to prevent the adhesion of liquid raw materials that can avoid closing of the communication part.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In other words, a vacuum dryer having a liquid raw material adhesion preventing function according to claim 1 includes a housing having an internal space as a drying chamber, and a vacuum generator for reducing the pressure in the drying chamber is communicated with the housing. In a dryer connected to and vacuum-drying an object to be processed put in the drying chamber, a freezing portion is in communication with the charging port in the drying chamber, and a nozzle is provided in the upper portion of the freezing portion. Further, the freezing portion includes an adhesion preventing body in a state of surrounding the nozzle.The adhesion preventing body is arranged with an appropriate interval between the freezing portion inner peripheral surface and configured to prevent conduction of heat from the freezing portion wall surface to the adhesion preventing body.It is characterized by this.
  According to the present invention, in order to prevent the spray droplets or frozen matter from coming into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the frozen portion in the freezing portion, the drying is caused by the liquid raw material that has become a block frozen material falling into the drying chamber from here. It is possible to avoid unevenness and closing of the communication part between the freezing part and the drying chamber. Moreover, since it is not necessary to provide a forced cooling means in a freezing part, the freezing part can be reduced in size and weight.
  Furthermore, in order to prevent the conduction of heat from the wall of the drying section to the anti-adhesion body, the temperature of the anti-adhesion body is prevented from increasing, and even if spray droplets or frozen materials come into contact with the anti-adhesion body, this adheres It can avoid adhering to a prevention body.
[0009]
  And claims2In addition to the above requirements, the vacuum dryer having the liquid material adhesion prevention function described above is characterized in that the adhesion prevention body is made of a heat insulating material having a small heat capacity.
  According to the present invention, an excessive amount of heat is not accumulated in the adhesion preventing body, and the temperature does not increase. Therefore, even when a spray droplet or a frozen material comes into contact with the adhesion preventing body, the adhesion is prevented. It can avoid more reliably that it adheres to a prevention body.
[0010]
  Further claims3A vacuum dryer having a function of preventing adhesion of the liquid raw material according to claim1 or 2In addition to the requirements described above, the adhesion preventing body is characterized by being impregnated with a fluororesin.
  According to the present invention, due to the adhesion effect of the fluororesin, even when spray droplets or frozen materials come into contact with the adhesion preventing body, it is even more certain that this will adhere to the adhesion preventing body. It can be avoided.
[0011]
  Further claims4In addition to the above requirements, the vacuum dryer provided with the liquid raw material adhesion preventing function described above is characterized in that the adhesion preventing body is formed in a bellows shape.
  According to the present invention, since the adhesion preventing body also vibrates with the vibration of the housing, even if the sprayed droplets or the frozen material adhere to the adhesion preventing body, they are shaken. Can be dropped.
[0012]
  Further claims5In addition to the above requirements, the vacuum dryer provided with the liquid raw material adhesion preventing function described above includes a casing with an elastic body interposed on a base, and the casing is provided with a vibrator. A device for drying the object to be processed while flowing the object to be processed in the drying chamber by vibrating the unit, and interposing a flexible tube between the freezing part and the housing. The adhesion preventing body is positioned in the flexible tube.
  According to the present invention, the vibration of the casing transmitted to the freezing portion can be mitigated, so that the influence of the casing vibration on the spraying of the liquid raw material from the nozzle and the self-freezing of the liquid raw material is avoided. can do.
  The above problems can be solved by using the configuration of the invention described in each of the claims as a means.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  The vacuum dryer having the function of preventing adhesion of the liquid raw material of the present invention will be described below. First, the configuration of the vacuum dryer D will be described, and then the operation mode of this apparatus will be described. In addition, about the structure of the vacuum dryer D, since a vacuum vibration dryer is employ | adopted as an example and it can take a different form according to the property of the liquid raw material L, etc. A description will be given for each dryer D.
[0014]
Embodiment 1
  1 and 2 is a vacuum dryer according to the present invention, which has a casing 1 having an internal space as a drying chamber 10 mounted on a base B with an elastic body 2 interposed therebetween. In addition, a vibrator unit 4 is provided for the mount bracket 3 attached to the housing 1. In addition, the freezing section 5 is in communication with the insertion port 15 in the housing 1. Further, the vacuum dryer D includes a vacuum generator 6 including a condenser, a vacuum pump, and a heat medium circulator 7 as peripheral devices, and the inside of the freezing unit 5 and the drying chamber 10 is evacuated. At the same time, the interior of the drying chamber 10 is indirectly heated. The vacuum dryer D configured as described above self-freezes the liquid raw material L (hereinafter referred to as spray droplet M) sprayed in the freezing unit 5 into a fine granular frozen material G, and subsequently the frozen material. G is introduced into the drying chamber 10, and the frozen material G is dried while flowing by vibrating the casing 1 with the vibrator unit 4, thereby obtaining a granular material.
[0015]
  Hereinafter, various members constituting the vacuum dryer D will be described in detail.
  First, the base B will be described. As an example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the base B is constructed by appropriately combining steel materials, and four support columns C are erected on the base B. Is done.
  The elastic body 2 is a member formed in a column shape as an example by an elastic member such as a spring or a vibration-proof rubber.
[0016]
  Next, the case 1 will be described. This is a horizontally-placed cylindrical member having an internal space as a drying chamber 10, four fixed legs 11 are formed on the side periphery of the case 1, and both cylindrical openings are opened. A side plate 12 is provided at the opening and closing portion.
  Further, an inner jacket plate 13 is provided inside the housing 1 and the side plate 12, and a heat medium nozzle 14 is attached to the heat medium nozzle 14, and a heat medium circulator 7 such as hot water is connected to the heat medium nozzle 14.
[0017]
  In addition, an inlet 15 is formed in the side periphery of the casing 1, an outlet 16 is formed in the side plate 12 located on the opposite side, and an exhaust outlet 17 is formed in the approximate center of the casing 1. The vacuum generator 6 is connected to the exhaust port 17 using a flexible pipe F or the like. In addition, a measurement port 18 is formed at an appropriate location of the casing 1, and a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and the like are attached to the measurement port 18 and connected to an appropriate control panel (not shown).
[0018]
  The discharge port 16 is opened and closed by a lid body 16a. The lid body 16a approaches and separates from the discharge port 16 by operating a handle 16c provided in the duct 16b. Of course, the lid 16a can be opened and closed by using a motor as appropriate so that no manual operation is required.
  A drain port 19 is formed in the lower part of the housing 1. In this embodiment, the drying chamber 10 is installed on the base B with the discharge port 16 side inclined downward by 1 to 2 ° with respect to the horizontal line.
[0019]
  A cylindrical freezing portion 5 is provided for the charging port 15, and the freezing portion 5 is in communication with the drying chamber 10 and the upper end is closed.
  In addition, an upper portion in the freezing section 5 is provided with a nozzle 51 to which a spray nozzle or the like is applied as an example. In this embodiment, the nozzle 51 is installed so that the jet outlet faces downward. A pipe line is connected to the nozzle 51, and a raw material tank 52, a pump 53, and a valve 54 are provided to the pipe line, so that the liquid raw material L charged into the raw material tank 52 is frozen. It was configured so that it could be sprayed inside. Further, when a fluororesin is used as the material of the nozzle 51 or when the nozzle 51 is coated with a fluororesin, it is effective for preventing the liquid material L from adhering.
[0020]
  The freezing unit 5 includes an adhesion preventing body 50 so as to surround the nozzle 51. As shown in FIG. 3 (a), the adhesion preventing body 50 is formed by forming a sheet made of a heat insulating material having a small heat capacity, such as a synthetic resin such as a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric, or a plastic, into a cylindrical shape. The upper portion of the adhesion preventing body 50 is sandwiched between the flange portion 5a and the top plate 5b formed on the upper portion of the nozzle 5, so that the nozzle 51 is surrounded.
  In this embodiment, an interval of at least 3 mm is provided between the adhesion preventing body 50 and the inner peripheral surface of the frozen portion 5.
  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the inner surface of the adhesion preventing body 50 is subjected to a fluorine treatment. In the case of a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric or the like, a fluorine resin is impregnated, whereas in the case of a resin sheet or the like, The surface is coated with fluororesin.
  In addition to the cylindrical shape described above, the shape of the adhesion preventing body 50 can be formed in a bellows shape as shown in FIG. 3B, and in this case, the deposit is shaken off as described later. Is possible.
[0021]
  A mounting bracket 3 is fixed to the lower part of the outer periphery of the housing 1 as shown in FIG. 1, and a vibrator unit 4 having an eccentric weight is fixed to the mounting bracket 3.
[0022]
  The vacuum dryer D of this invention is comprised as mentioned above as an example, Comprising: The operation | movement aspect of this vacuum dryer D is demonstrated below.
(1) Setting of equipment
  First, prior to the operation of the vacuum dryer D, both side openings of the casing 1 are closed by the side plate 12, and the discharge port 16 is closed by the lid 16a. Further, the number of rotations of the vibrator unit 4 is determined according to the shape, particle size, weight, etc. of the frozen material G put into the drying chamber 10, and the vibration cycle and amplitude are set. In this embodiment, as an example, the rotation speed is 1800 rpm.
  Furthermore, the pressure in the drying chamber 10 adjusted by the vacuum generator 6 is set, and the temperature and flow rate of the heat medium circulated by the heat medium circulator 7 are set.
[0023]
(2) Self-freezing of liquid raw materials
  Then, the vacuum generator 6 is activated to bring the inside of the drying chamber 10 and the freezing part 5 into a vacuum state, the heat medium circulating machine 7 is activated to start circulation supply of the heat medium, and the vibrator unit 4 is activated. The housing 1 is vibrated.
  Subsequently, the pump 53 is started and the opening degree of the valve 54 is adjusted as appropriate to spray the liquid raw material L into the freezing unit 5 from the nozzle 51. In the process of falling in the part 5, it becomes self-freezing and becomes a fine frozen substance G having a diameter of about 0.3 to 1.5 mm. Thereafter, the frozen material G falls into the drying chamber 10 through the inlet 15.
[0024]
  At this time, the spray droplet M or the frozen substance G that moves toward the inner peripheral surface of the frozen part 5 collides with the adhesion preventing body 50 as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. It will fall toward the insertion port 15 without adhering to the adhesion preventing body 50.
  The reason why the spray droplet M, the frozen material G, or the material whose temperature is not sufficiently lowered after freezing does not adhere to the adhesion preventing body 50 is as follows.
  First, since the space between the adhesion preventing body 50 and the inner peripheral surface of the freezing part 5 is evacuated by the action of the vacuum generator 6, the heat received by the freezing part 5 from the outside air is prevented from adhering. This is because the temperature is not transmitted to the body 50 and the temperature of the adhesion preventing body 50 does not rise.
  Second, since the adhesion preventing body 50 has been subjected to fluorine treatment, it is due to the adhesion preventing action of the fluororesin.
  Furthermore, in addition to these reasons, when the adhesion preventing body 50 is formed in a bellows shape as shown in FIG. 3B, the adhesion preventing body 50 vibrates with the vibration of the housing 1, so that the spray droplets are assumed. This is because even when M or frozen matter G has adhered to the adhesion preventing body 50, it can be shaken off.
[0025]
  The vibration of the vibration unit 4 is also transmitted to the nozzle 51. Therefore, even if the frozen material G adheres to the nozzle 51, it is detached from the nozzle 51 before it grows. Therefore, it is possible to avoid deteriorating the spray state of the liquid raw material L.
[0026]
(3) Drying operation
  Next, the frozen material G that has reached the inside of the drying chamber 10 is distributed over the wide area in the longitudinal direction of the drying chamber 10 while receiving the vibration force from the vibration unit 4 and indirectly receives the heat from the heat medium in this state. To be sublimated and dried.
  Further, the water vapor generated at this time reaches the vacuum generator 6 from the exhaust port 17 and is appropriately discharged to the outside.
[0027]
(4) Discharge operation
  Eventually, when the temperature of the frozen substance G has become the desired value, or when a preset processing time has elapsed, the discharge port 16 is opened and the desired value is obtained. As a dry granuleTheDischarge outside.
[0028]
(5) Cleaning work
  In addition, when processing different types of liquid raw materials L continuously, it is necessary to clean the vacuum dryer D, but the vacuum dryer D shown in this embodiment includes the drying chamber 10 and the freezing unit 5. Since the internal structure is simple and washing with water can be performed, different types of liquid raw materials L can be easily and continuously processed.
[0029]
  As described above, according to the vacuum dryer D of the present invention, the spray droplet M sprayed from the nozzle 51 does not adhere anywhere in the freezing part 5 but self-freezes in the process of dropping, and has a diameter of 0. It becomes a fine granular frozen material G of about 3 to 1.5 mm. Thereafter, since the frozen material G falls into the drying chamber 10 through the inlet 15, it is possible to avoid drying unevenness and closing of the communication portion between the freezing unit 5 and the drying chamber 10.
[0030]
Embodiment 2
  Next, the vacuum dryer D having a different configuration from the vacuum dryer D shown in the first embodiment will be described. The vacuum dryer D shown in FIG. 4 is provided with the frozen portion 5 in communication with the insertion port 15 in the housing 1, and a flexible tube 55 is provided between the frozen portion 5 and the housing 1. It is connected and constituted by. Since other configurations are common to the vacuum dryer D shown in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted. Moreover, the vacuum dryer D shown in this embodiment has a configuration suitable for the case where a highly viscous liquid material L is used as shown below.
[0031]
  Hereinafter, an operation mode of the vacuum dryer D having the configuration shown in FIG. 4 will be described. In this embodiment, as in the first embodiment, “(1) Setting of the apparatus”, “(2) Self-freezing of liquid raw material”, “(3) Drying operation”, “(4) Discharging operation” ”And“ (5) Washing operation ”are performed in order, and the overlapping parts are also explained just in case.
[0032]
(1) Setting of equipment
  First, prior to the operation of the vacuum dryer D, both side openings of the housing 1 are closed by the side plate 12, and the discharge port 16 is closed by the lid 16a. Further, the number of rotations of the vibrator unit 4 is determined according to the shape, particle size, weight, etc. of the frozen material G put into the drying chamber 10, and the vibration cycle and amplitude are set. In this embodiment, as an example, the rotational speed is set to 1800 rpm.
  Furthermore, the pressure in the drying chamber 10 adjusted by the vacuum generator 6 is set, and the temperature and flow rate of the heat medium circulated by the heat medium circulator 7 are set.
[0033]
(2) Self-freezing of liquid raw materials
  Then, the vacuum generator 6 is activated to bring the inside of the drying chamber 10 and the freezing part 5 into a vacuum state, the heat medium circulating machine 7 is activated to start circulation supply of the heat medium, and the vibrator unit 4 is activated. The housing 1 is vibrated.
  Subsequently, the pump 53 is started and the opening degree of the valve 54 is appropriately adjusted to spray the liquid material L from the nozzle 51 into the freezing unit 5. In the process of falling in the part 5, it becomes self-freezing and becomes a fine frozen substance G having a diameter of about 0.3 to 1.5 mm. Thereafter, the frozen material G falls into the drying chamber 10 through the inlet 15.
  At this time, since the vacuum dryer D is a unit in which the freezing unit 5 and the housing 1 are connected by the flexible tube 55, the vibration of the vibration unit 4 transmitted to the freezing unit 5 is reduced. When vibration of the housing 1 adversely affects spraying of the liquid raw material L (particularly high viscosity) from the nozzle 51 and self-freezing of the spray droplet M, this can be avoided.
[0034]
  Further, among the spray droplet M or the frozen substance G, the one that moves toward the inner peripheral surface of the frozen portion 2 collides with the adhesion preventing body 50 as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. It falls toward the inlet 15 without adhering to the prevention body 50.
  The reason why the spray droplet M or the frozen material G does not adhere to the adhesion preventing body 50 is as follows.
  First of all, since the space between the adhesion preventing body 50 and the inner peripheral surface of the freezing part 5 is evacuated by the action of the vacuum generator 6, the heat received by the freezing part 5 from the outside air is prevented from adhering. This is because the temperature is not transmitted to the body 50 and the temperature of the adhesion preventing body 50 does not rise.
  Second, since the adhesion preventing body 50 has been subjected to fluorine treatment, it is due to the adhesion preventing action of the fluororesin.
[0035]
(3) Drying operation
  Next, the frozen material G that has reached the inside of the drying chamber 10 is distributed over the wide area in the longitudinal direction of the drying chamber 10 while receiving the vibration force from the vibration unit 4 and indirectly receives the heat from the heat medium in this state. To be sublimated and dried.
  Further, the water vapor generated at this time reaches the vacuum generator 6 from the exhaust port 17 and is appropriately discharged to the outside.
[0036]
(4) Discharge operation
  Eventually, when the temperature of the frozen substance G has become the desired value, or when a preset processing time has elapsed, the discharge port 16 is opened and the desired value is obtained. It is discharged to the outside in the form of dry powder.
[0037]
(5) Cleaning work
  In addition, when processing different types of liquid raw materials L continuously, it is necessary to clean the vacuum dryer D, but the vacuum dryer D shown in this embodiment includes the drying chamber 10 and the freezing unit 5. Since the internal structure is simple and washing with water can be performed, different types of liquid raw materials L can be easily and continuously processed.
[0038]
  As described above, according to the vacuum dryer D of the present invention, even when the liquid material L is highly viscous, it is not affected by the vibration of the housing 1 when sprayed from the nozzle 51. A desired spray droplet M is obtained. Moreover, the spray droplet M does not adhere anywhere in the freezing part 5, but self-freezes in the process of dropping, and becomes a fine granular frozen material G having a diameter of about 0.3 to 1.5 mm. Thereafter, since the frozen material G falls into the drying chamber 10 through the inlet 15, it is possible to avoid drying unevenness and closing of the communication portion between the freezing unit 5 and the drying chamber 10.
[0039]
[Other embodiments]
  The present invention is based on the above-described two embodiments, but the following embodiments may be adopted based on the technical idea of the present invention. That is, the present invention includes a casing 1 having an internal space as a drying chamber 10, and a vacuum generator 6 for reducing the pressure in the drying chamber 10 is communicated with the casing 1. In a drier that performs vacuum drying of an object to be processed, the freezing unit 5 is in communication with the charging port 15 in the drying chamber 10, and a nozzle 51 is provided in the upper part of the freezing unit 5. The part 5 includes an adhesion preventing body 50 in a state of surrounding the nozzle 51. Therefore, the configuration of the dryer can take various forms as long as it belongs to the category of so-called vacuum dryers. Hereinafter, several types of vacuum dryers will be described as examples.
[0040]
[Conical ribbon vacuum dryer]
  First, as shown in FIG. 5, the vacuum dryer D can be of a so-called conical ribbon vacuum dryer type. In this case, a part or all of the housing 1 is formed in an inverted conical shape, and further, an inner jacket plate 13 is provided on the inner side of the housing 1, and a space between the housing 1 and the inner jacket plate 13 is provided. This is an apparatus for drying an object to be processed put into the drying chamber 10 by passing a heating medium.
  By closing the upper openings of the casing 1 and the jacket inner plate 13 with the top plate 1b, the internal space of the casing 1 is used as the drying chamber 10, and the drying chamber 10 is placed on the top plate 1b. A vacuum generator 6 for reducing the pressure is communicated.
[0041]
  Further, the casing 1 is provided with a rotary blade 101 attached to the rotary shaft 100. The rotary blade 101 raises the workpiece along the inner wall of the jacket inner plate 13, and the raised workpiece. The drying of the object to be processed is promoted while repeatedly dropping the processed object again to the lower part of the drying chamber 10.
  Further, the freezing portion 5 is provided in communication with the charging port 15 formed in the top plate 1b, and a nozzle 51 is provided in the upper portion of the freezing portion 5, and the nozzle 51 is provided in the freezing portion 5. The adhesion preventing body 50 is provided in an enclosed state.
[0042]
  As described above, even when the present invention is configured as the conical ribbon vacuum dryer type vacuum dryer D, the spray droplet M sprayed from the nozzle 51 falls without adhering anywhere in the freezing portion 5. In the process of self-freezing, it becomes a fine frozen product G having a diameter of about 0.3 to 1.5 mm. Thereafter, since the frozen material G falls into the drying chamber 10 through the inlet 15, it is possible to avoid drying unevenness and closing of the communication portion between the freezing unit 5 and the drying chamber 10.
[0043]
[Vacuum stirring dryer]
  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the vacuum dryer D can be of a so-called vacuum stirring dryer type. This has a cylindrical casing 1 with both ends closed, and a stirring blade 102 with respect to a rotating shaft 100 provided along the longitudinal direction of the drying chamber 10 substantially formed in the casing 1. This is intended to accelerate the drying of the object to be processed while stirring the object to be processed by the stirring blade 102.
  A vacuum generator 6 for reducing the inside of the drying chamber 10 is connected to the drying chamber 10 so as to communicate therewith, and the freezing section 5 is brought into communication with the charging port 15 in the drying chamber 10. A nozzle 51 is provided in the upper part of the part 5, and an adhesion preventing body 50 is provided in the frozen part 5 in a state of surrounding the nozzle 51.
[0044]
  As described above, even when the present invention is configured as the vacuum dryer D of the vacuum agitation dryer type, the spray droplet M sprayed from the nozzle 51 falls without adhering anywhere in the freezing part 5. And freezes into a fine granular frozen material G having a diameter of about 0.3 to 1.5 mm. Thereafter, since the frozen material G falls into the drying chamber 10 through the inlet 15, it is possible to avoid drying unevenness and closing of the communication portion between the freezing unit 5 and the drying chamber 10.
[0045]
[Disc dryer]
  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 7, the vacuum dryer D can be of a so-called disk dryer type. This is a multi-stage (in this embodiment, five stages) heating plates 105 heated by a heating medium such as hot water in a drying chamber 10 that is substantially configured in a vertically disposed cylindrical casing 1. In addition, the rotating shaft 100 arranged in a state of passing through the heating plate 105 is provided with a stirring blade 102. Then, the stirring object 102 is used to promote drying of the object to be processed in the process of dropping the object to be processed on the heating plate 105 into the dropping port 106 while stirring and moving the object to the heating plate 105 at the lower stage.
  A vacuum generator 6 for reducing the inside of the drying chamber 10 is connected to the drying chamber 10 so as to communicate therewith, and the freezing section 5 is brought into communication with the charging port 15 in the drying chamber 10. A nozzle 51 is provided in the upper part of the part 5, and an adhesion preventing body 50 is provided in the frozen part 5 in a state of surrounding the nozzle 51.
[0046]
  In this way, even when the present invention is configured as a disk dryer type vacuum dryer D, the spray droplet M sprayed from the nozzle 51 falls in the process of falling without adhering anywhere in the freezing part 5. It self-freezes and becomes a fine frozen substance G having a diameter of about 0.3 to 1.5 mm. Thereafter, since the frozen material G falls onto the heating plate 105 in the drying chamber 10 through the insertion port 15, it is possible to avoid drying unevenness and closing the communication portion between the freezing unit 5 and the drying chamber 10. Can do.
[0047]
[Belt type continuous vacuum dryer]
  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 8, the vacuum dryer D can be of the so-called belt type continuous vacuum dryer type. This comprises a cylindrical casing 1 with both ends closed, and a belt conveyor 103 provided along the longitudinal direction of the drying chamber 10 substantially formed in the casing 1. The conveying process by the belt conveyor 103 includes a steam heating process, a hot water heating process, and a cooling process to dry the workpiece.
  A vacuum generator 6 for reducing the inside of the drying chamber 10 is connected to the drying chamber 10 so as to communicate therewith, and the freezing section 5 is brought into communication with the charging port 15 in the drying chamber 10. A nozzle 51 is provided in the upper part of the part 5, and an adhesion preventing body 50 is provided in the frozen part 5 in a state of surrounding the nozzle 51.
[0048]
  Thus, even when the present invention is configured as a belt-type continuous vacuum dryer type vacuum dryer D, the spray droplet M sprayed from the nozzle 51 falls without adhering anywhere in the freezing part 5. In the process of self-freezing, it becomes a fine frozen product G having a diameter of about 0.3 to 1.5 mm. Thereafter, since the frozen material G falls onto the belt conveyor 103 in the drying chamber 10 through the insertion port 15, it is possible to avoid drying unevenness and closing of the communication portion between the freezing unit 5 and the drying chamber 10. Can do.
[0049]
[Double cone type vacuum dryer]
  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 9, the vacuum dryer D can be of a so-called double cone type vacuum dryer type. This is formed by supporting a double-cone-shaped casing 1 having a drying chamber 10 inside substantially rotatably about a shaft provided horizontally with respect to a support column C. An apparatus for providing a jacket inner plate 13 in the body 1 and for drying a workpiece put into the housing 1 by allowing a heating medium to pass through a space between the housing 1 and the jacket inner plate 13. It is.
[0050]
  A vacuum generator 6 for reducing the inside of the drying chamber 10 is connected to the drying chamber 10 so as to communicate therewith, and the freezing section 5 is brought into communication with the charging port 15 in the drying chamber 10. A nozzle 51 is provided in the upper part of the part 5, and an adhesion preventing body 50 is provided in the frozen part 5 in a state of surrounding the nozzle 51. Further, the freezing part 5 and the housing 1 are connected by a flexible tube 55, the adhesion preventing body 50 is positioned in the flexible tube 55, and the housing 1 is rotated by way of example as a cylinder. The freezing unit 5 and the housing 1 can be separated by the action of the arm 104 a connected to the 104.
[0051]
  Thus, even when the present invention is configured as a double cone type vacuum dryer type vacuum dryer D, the spray droplet M sprayed from the nozzle 51 falls without adhering anywhere in the freezing part 5. In the process of self-freezing, it becomes a fine frozen product G having a diameter of about 0.3 to 1.5 mm. Thereafter, since the frozen material G falls into the drying chamber 10 through the inlet 15, it is possible to avoid drying unevenness and closing of the communication portion between the freezing unit 5 and the drying chamber 10.
[0052]
[Microwave continuous vacuum dryer]
  The vacuum dryer D exemplified so far is of an indirect heating type using a heating medium, but is a so-called microwave type continuous using a microwave as a heating means that does not burn the workpiece. The vacuum dryer D can be configured as a vacuum dryer type.
[0053]
  First, what is shown in FIG. 10 is that microwaves are passed through a waveguide 80 in the process of dropping an object to be processed put in a tower-shaped casing 1 having a drying chamber 10 inside. Drying is performed by heating with the microwave supplied from the generator 8.
  Further, microwaves can be applied as heating means of the belt type continuous vacuum dryer shown in FIG. That is, the microwave supplied from the microwave generator 8 through the waveguide 80 is irradiated toward the conveying surface of the belt conveyor 103, and the object to be processed located on the belt conveyor 103 is dried. .
[0054]
  A vacuum generator 6 for reducing the inside of the drying chamber 10 is connected to the drying chamber 10 so as to communicate therewith, and the freezing section 5 is brought into communication with the charging port 15 in the drying chamber 10. A nozzle 51 is provided in the upper part of the part 5, and an adhesion preventing body 50 is provided in the frozen part 5 in a state of surrounding the nozzle 51.
[0055]
  Thus, even when the present invention is configured as a microwave-type continuous vacuum dryer type vacuum dryer D, the spray droplet M sprayed from the nozzle 51 does not adhere anywhere in the freezing part 5, It self-freezes in the process of falling, and becomes a fine frozen material G having a diameter of about 0.3 to 1.5 mm. Thereafter, since the frozen material G falls into the drying chamber 10 or onto the belt conveyor 103 through the insertion port 15, it is possible to avoid drying unevenness, closing of the communication portion between the freezing unit 5 and the drying chamber 10, and the like. Can do.
[0056]
【The invention's effect】
  According to the present invention, the contact of the spray droplet M or the frozen material G with the inner peripheral surface of the freezing part 5 is surely prevented, so that drying unevenness and the communication part between the freezing part 5 and the drying chamber 10 are closed. This can be avoided, and the drying of the liquid raw material L and the production of the granular material can be performed efficiently.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a vacuum dryer according to the present invention, partially broken away.
FIG. 2 is a front view and a rear view of the same.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are two types of longitudinal side views showing an adhesion preventing body disposed in a freezing portion. FIGS.
FIG. 4 is a side view showing a partially broken vacuum dryer of the present invention with different forms.
FIG. 5 is a side view showing a conical ribbon vacuum dryer type vacuum dryer shown in another embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a side view showing a vacuum agitation dryer type vacuum dryer shown in another embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a side view showing a disk dryer type vacuum dryer shown in another embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a side view showing a belt-type continuous vacuum dryer type vacuum dryer shown in another embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a side view showing a double cone type vacuum dryer type vacuum dryer shown in another embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a side view showing a microwave continuous vacuum dryer type vacuum dryer shown in another embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a side view showing a vacuum dryer disclosed in an earlier application by the present applicant.
FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an existing vacuum dryer.
[Explanation of symbols]
  D Vacuum dryer
  1 housing
  10 Drying room
  11 Fixed legs
  12 Side plate
  13 Jacket inner plate
  14 Heat transfer nozzle
  15 slot
  16 Discharge port
  16a lid
  16b duct
  16c handle
  17 Exhaust port
  18 Measuring port
  19 Drain port
  100 axis of rotation
  101 rotor blades
  102 Stirring blade
  103 belt conveyor
  104 cylinders
  104a arm
  105 Heating plate
  106 Falling mouth
  2 Elastic body
  3 Mounting bracket
  4 Vibrator unit
  5 Freezing part
  5a Flange
  5b Top plate
  50 Anti-adhesion body
  51 nozzles
  52 Raw material tank
  53 Pump
  54 Valve
  55 Flexible tube
  6 Vacuum generator
  7 Heating medium circulator
  8 Microwave generator
  80 Waveguide
  B base
  C Support pillar
  F Flexible pipe
  G Frozen
  L Liquid raw material
  M spray droplet

Claims (5)

A dryer having a housing having an internal space as a drying chamber, and a vacuum generator for reducing the pressure in the drying chamber connected to the housing in a communicating state, and performing vacuum drying of an object to be processed put in the drying chamber in, together comprise the communication with the frozen section with respect to the input port of the drying chamber, comprising a nozzle at the top in this frozen part, to the more the freeze portion, Ru comprising antiadhesive body while surrounding the nozzle The adhesion preventing body is arranged with an appropriate interval between the freezing part inner peripheral surface and configured to prevent heat conduction from the freezing part wall surface to the adhesion preventing body. A vacuum dryer with a function to prevent the adhesion of liquid raw materials. The anti-adhesion material, a vacuum dryer equipped with adhesion-preventing function of the liquid material according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of small insulation material heat capacity. 3. The vacuum dryer having a liquid raw material adhesion preventing function according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the adhesion preventing body has been subjected to a fluorine treatment. The vacuum dryer according to claim 1, 2 or 3 , wherein the adhesion preventing body is formed in a bellows shape. The dryer comprises a casing with an elastic body interposed on a base, and the casing is vibrated by a vibrator unit, thereby flowing the object to be processed put into the drying chamber. An apparatus for drying the object to be processed, wherein a flexible tube is interposed between the freezing part and the housing, and the adhesion preventing body is positioned in the flexible tube. A vacuum dryer having the function of preventing adhesion of liquid raw materials according to 1, 2, 3 or 4 .

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